Do I Need a Permit to Build a Shed?
Short answer
Usually not for a small one — under the model residential code (IRC R105.2), a one-story detached shed of 200 square feet or less does not need a building permit in most states. Anything bigger, taller than one story, or with electrical, plumbing, or gas work does.
Usually exempt (no building permit)
- One-story detached accessory structures (sheds, playhouses, tool sheds) with a floor area of 200 sq ft or less
- Prefab or kit sheds within the same size limit, set on grade or blocks
Permit required
- Any shed over 200 sq ft of floor area
- Two-story or loft sheds, or sheds on a permanent foundation in some jurisdictions
- Running electricity, plumbing, or gas to the shed — the utility work needs its own permit even if the shed itself is exempt
- Sheds used as living space, offices, or ADUs — those are dwellings, not sheds
What trips people up
- Zoning still applies even when no building permit is needed: setbacks from property lines (commonly 3–10 ft), height limits, and lot-coverage caps
- HOAs often require approval regardless of the city
- Some jurisdictions lower the exemption to 120 sq ft — check your city page
- Flood zones and easements can prohibit placement entirely
How to apply
If your shed needs a permit: a site plan showing property lines and setbacks plus basic construction details usually suffices. Most cities issue shed permits over the counter or through their online portal in days.
Check your jurisdiction: exemption thresholds are from the 2021 IRC (R105.2) as adopted by most states — your city or county may amend them. Find your local building department, adopted codes, and online permit portal on the BuildSpec permit pages.