840 the APL that the material is rotationally sensitive. With the exception of fluorescent -orange materials intended for application to rigid substrate signs, “work zone” materials as defined herein shall not be subject to rotational sensitivity testing. 715.9.2.2.1.10 -Shelf Life: A minimum shelf life shall not be required for the sheeting to be listed on the APL. However, in order for the sheeting to be approved for manufacturing purposes within the Division’s CSS, a minimum one (1) year shelf life shall be required. The same provisions shall apply to the manufacturer recommended matched components. Reasonable conditional requiremen ts pertaining to storage, such as temperature and relative humidity, shall be permitted. 715.9.2.2.1.11 -Backing Class: All Type ASTM -IV material supplied to the Division for manufacturing purposes within the CSS shall have a Class 1 adhesive backing, as defined in ASTM D4956. The adhesive backing on all Type ASTM -IV material supplied to manufacturers providing finished products to the Division or to Contractors performing work on Division Contracts shall have the most appropriate ASTM D4956 defined adhes ive backing for the materials intended purpose, as determined by the manufacturer. 715.9.2.2.1.12 -Durability: Durability requirements of finished products manufactured using Type ASTM -IV to be warranted by the sheeting manufacturer are specified within 715.9.2.2.2 -Approval Process: The WVDOH approval process for Type ASTM -IV sheeting products is specified within Section 715.9.2.9. 715.9.2.3 -Retroreflective Sheeting, Type ASTM -VI: An elastomeric retroreflective sheeting without adhesive. This sheeting is typically a vinyl microprismatic retroreflective material. 715.9.2.3.1 -Type ASTM -VI Sheeting Requirements: 715.9.2.3.1.1 -Coeffıcient of Retroreflection: New sheeting shall meet the Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection requirements as specified in Table 715.9.2.3.1.1 -I below. TABLE 715.9.2.3.1.1 -I Observation Angle Entrance Angle Color White Florescent -Orange 0.2 -4 300 200 0.2 +30 180 120 0.2 +45 100 60 0.5 -4 200 120 0.5 +30 75 50 0.5 +45 60 30 For transparent ink printed areas over white sheeting, the Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection requirements shall be as shown in Table 715.9.2.3.1.1 -II below. 841 TABLE 715.9.2.3.1.1 -II Observation Angle Entrance Angle Color Green Blue Red Yellow Brown 0.2 -4 21 9.5 29 147 6.1 All testing shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM D4956. 715.9.2.3.1.2 - Color: New sheeting shall meet the Daytime Color & Nighttime Color requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. These same requirements shall apply to transparent ink covered areas over white sheeting. 715.9.2.3.1.3 -Daytime Luminance Factor: New sheeting shall meet the Daytime Luminance Factor requirements of ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. These requirements shall also apply to transparent ink covered areas over white sheeting. 715.9.2.3.1.4 -Shrinkage: New sheeting shall meet the shrin kage requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. 715.9.2.3.1.5 -Flexibility: New sheeting shall meet the flexibility requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM speci fication D4956. 715.9.2.3.1.6 -Impact Resistance: New sheeting shall meet the impact resistance requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. 715.9.2.3.1.7 : Blank 715.9.2.3.1.8 -Backing Class: All Type ASTM -VI material shall have a Class 5 backing, as defined in ASTM D4956. 715.9.2.3.1.9 -Durability: Durability requirements of finished products manufactured using Type ASTM -VI material to be warranted by the sheeting manufacturer are specified within Section 715.9.2.7. 715.9.2.3.2 -Approval Process: The WVDOH approval process for Type ASTM -VI sheeting products is specified within Section 715.9.2.9. 715.9.2.4 -Retroreflective Sheeting, Type ASTM -XI: A retroreflective sheeting typica lly manufactured as an unmetalized cube corner microprismatic retroreflective element material. 715.9.2.4.1 -Type ASTM -XI Sheeting Requirements: 715.9.2.4.1.1 - Coeffıcient of Retroreflection: New sheeting shall meet the Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection requirements in ASTM specification D4956 for Type XI material, as defined in ASTM D4956. 842 For transparent ink printed or transparent film covered areas over white sheeting, the Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection requirements shall be se venty (70) % of the values specified in ASTM D4956 for sheeting of the same color as the ink or film. All testing shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM D4956. 715.9.2.4.1.2 - Color: New sheeting shall meet the Daytime Color & Nighttime Color requir ements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. These same requirements shall apply to transparent ink and transparent film covered areas over white sheeting. 715.9.2.4.1.3 -Daytime Luminance Factor: New shee ting shall meet the Daytime Luminance Factor requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. These same requirements shall apply to transparent ink and transparent film covered areas over white sheeting. 715.9.2.4.1.4 -Adhesion: New sheeting shall meet the adhesion requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. If the material is marketed as a reboundable material, the supplementary adhesion requirements in ASTM D4956 for reboundable materials shall apply. 715.9.2.4.1.5 -Shrinkage: New sheeting shall meet the shrinkage requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. 715.9.2.4.1.6 -Flexibility: New sh eeting shall meet the flexibility requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. If the material is marketed as a reboundable material, the supplementary flexibility requirements in ASTM D4956 for rebounda ble materials shall apply. 715.9.2.4.1.7 -Liner Removal: New sheeting shall meet the liner removability requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. 715.9.2.4.1.8 -Impact Resistance: New sheeting s hall meet the impact resistance requirements in ASTM specification D4956 when tested in accordance with ASTM specification D4956. If the material is marketed as a reboundable material, the supplementary impact resistance requirements in ASTM D4956 for rebo undable materials shall apply. 715.9.2.4.1.9 -Rotational Sensitivity: New sheeting materials, with exceptions noted herein, shall meet the applicable requirements of AASHTO M 268 in order for the sheeting to be considered rotationally insensitive. Testi ng shall be conducted at the viewing geometry of 0.5/ -4 as recommended in AASHTO M 268, and the results of retroreflectivity readings at rotation angles of 0, 45, 90, and 120 degrees shall be compared as recommended in AASHTO M 268. If the sheeting does no t meet these requirements, it shall be noted on the APL that the material is rotationally sensitive. With the exception of fluorescent -orange materials intended for application to rigid substrate signs, “work zone” materials as defined herein shall not be subject to rotational sensitivity testing. 843 715.9.2.4.1.10 -Shelf Life: A minimum shelf life shall not be required for the sheeting to be listed on the APL. However, in order for the sheeting to be approved for manufacturing purposes within the Division’s CSS, a minimum one (1) year shelf life shall be required. The same provisions shall apply to the manufacturer recommended matched components. Reasonable conditional requirements pertaining to storage, such as temperature and relative humidity, shall be pe rmitted. 715.9.2.4.1.11 -Backing Class: All Type ASTM -XI material supplied to the Division for manufacturing purposes within the CSS shall have a Class 1 adhesive backing, as defined in ASTM D4956. The adhesive backing on all Type ASTM -XI material supplied to manufacturers providing finished products to the Division or to Contractors performing work on Division Contracts shall have the most appropriate ASTM D4956 adhesive backing for the materials intended purpose. 715.9.2.4.1.12 -Durabili ty: Durability requirements of finished products manufactured using Type ASTM -XI material to be warranted by the sheeting manufacturer are specified within Section 715.9.2.7. 715.9.2.4.2 -Approval Process: The WVDOH approval process for Type ASTM -XI sheeting products is specified within Section 715.9.2.9. 715.9.2.5 -Transfer Film: Transfer film for premasking or applying prespaced legends using transparent or opaque films. 715.9.2.5.1 -Transfer Film Requirements: 715.9.2.5.1.1 -Transparen cy: Transfer films shall be transparent. 715.9.2.5.2 -Approval Process: The WVDOH approval process for Transfer Film is specified within Section 715.9.2.9. 715.9.2.6 -Matched Components: 715.9.2.6.1 -Black Opaque Overlay Film: A black, opaque, typica lly vinyl or acrylic pressure -sensitive film designed for permanent graphics that may be prespaced and electronically cut. These films have a synthetic liner that resists moisture absorption and static buildup. 715.9.2.6.1.1 -Black Opaque Overlay Film Req uirements: 715.9.2.6.1.1.1 -Adhesive: This material shall utilize a pressure sensitive adhesive. 715.9.2.6.1.1.2 -Chemical Resistance: This material shall resist mild alkalis, mild acids, and salt. The material shall exhibit excellent resistance to wate r, with exception to cases of submersion. 715.9.2.6.1.1.3 -Shrinkage: After application, this material shall not exhibit shrinkage in excess of 0.010 inches. 715.9.2.6.1.1.4 -Durability: Durability requirements of black opaque overlay films, depending on the Type sheeting the material is to be utilized with and the intended application, are specified in Sections 715.9.2.1 through 715.9.2.4. 715.9.2.6.1.1.5 –Shelf Life: A minimum shelf life shall not be required for the film to be approved for use with the manufacturer’s sheeting products. However, in order for the film to be approved for manufacturing purposes within the Division’s CSS, a minimum one (1) year shelf life shall be required. Reasonable conditional requirements pertaining to storage, such as temperature and relative humidity, shall be permitted. 715.9.2.6.1.1.6 -CSS Requirements: In addition to, but not limited to, any other requirements stated herein, all black opaque overlay film to be approved for manufacturing purposes within the CSS shall be a vinyl material. In addition, this material shall have sufficient strength so that it can be handled, processed, and applied according to the recommendations of th e manufacturer without appreciable stretching, tearing, or other damage. The material shall permit cutting and application at temperatures of 40 to 100°F. 715.9.2.6.1.2 -Approval Process: The WVDOH approval process for Black Opaque Overlay Film is spec ified within Section 715.9.2.9. 715.9.2.6.2 -Transparent Overlay Films: A colored, transparent, typically acrylic, transparent pressure -sensitive film designed for permanent graphics that may be prespaced and electronically cut. These films have a synthe tic liner that resists moisture absorption and static buildup. 715.9.2.6.2.1 -Transparent Overlay Film Requirements: 715.9.2.6.2.1.1 -Adhesive: This material shall utilize a transparent pressure sensitive adhesive. 715.9.2.6.2.1.2 -Chemical Resistance: This material shall resist mild alkalis, mild acids, and salt. The material shall exhibit excellent resistance to water, with exception to cases of submersion. 715.9.2.6.2.1.3 -Color Standards: Transparent overlay films applied to the manufacturer’s ap proved white sheeting shall produce colors meeting the daytime and nighttime color requirements of ASTM D4956 for like colored sheeting. Testing shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM D4956. 715.9.2.6.2.1.4 -Transparency: After application over the m anufacturer’s white sheeting, the film’s level of transparency shall result in a minimum retroreflectivity level of seventy (70) % of the minimum required retroreflectivity level, as specified herein, of the like colored sheeting of the same grade as the w hite sheeting. Testing shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM D4956. 715.9.2.6.2.1.5 -Durability: Durability requirements of transparent overlay films, depending on the Type sheeting the material is to be utilized with and the intended application, a re specified in Sections 715.9.2.1 through 715.9.2.4. 715.9.2.6.2.1.6 -Shelf Life: A minimum shelf life shall not be required for the film to be approved for use with the manufacturer’s sheeting products. However, in order for the film to be approved for manufacturing purposes within the Division’s CSS, a minimum 845 one (1) year shelf life shall be required. Reasonable conditional requirements pertaining to storage, such as temperature and relative humidity, shall be permitted. 715.9.2.6.2.1.7 -CSS Requirem ents: In addition to, but not limited to, any other requirements stated herein, all transparent overlay film to be approved for manufacturing purposes within the CSS shall be an acrylic material and shall be supplied on a clear liner. In addition, this ma terial shall have sufficient strength so that it can be handled, processed, and applied according to the recommendations of the manufacturer without appreciable stretching, tearing, or other damage. The material shall permit cutting and application at temperatures of 40 to 100°F. 715.9.2.6.2.2 -Approval Process: The WVDOH approval process for Transparent Overlay Film is specified within Section 715.9.2.9. 715.9.2.6.3 -Opaque and Transparent Inks: Weather resistant, quick drying inks designed for use in traffic sign screen printing processes. 715.9.2.6.3.1 -Opaque and Transparent Ink Requirements: 715.9.2.6.3.1.1 -Chemical Resistance: This material shall resist mild alkalis, mild acids, and salt. The material shall exhibit excellent resistance t o water, with exception to cases of submersion. 715.9.2.6.3.1.2 -Color Standards: Transparent inks applied to the manufacturer’s approved white sheeting shall produce colors meeting the daytime and nighttime color requirements of ASTM D4956 for like colo red sheeting. Testing shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM D4956. 715.9.2.6.3.1.3 -Transparency: After application over the manufacturer’s white sheeting, the level of transparency of the transparent ink shall result in a minimum retroreflectivity level of seventy (70) % of the minimum required retroreflectivity level, as specified herein, of the like colored sheeting of the same grade as the white sheeting. Testing shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM D4956. 715.9.2.6.3.1. 4-Durability: Durability requirements of opaque & transparent inks, depending on the Type sheeting the material is to be utilized with and the intended application, are specified in Sections 715.9.2.1 through 715.9.2.4. 715.9.2.6.3.1.5 -Shelf Life: A mi nimum shelf life shall not be required for the ink to be approved for use with the manufacturer’s sheeting products. However, in order for the ink to be approved for manufacturing purposes within the Division’s CSS, a minimum one
1.year shelf life shall be required. Reasonable conditional requirements pertaining to storage, such as temperature and relative humidity, shall be permitted. 715.9.2.6.3.2 -Approval Process: The WVDOH approval process for Opaque and Transparent Ink is specified within Section 715.9.2.9. 715.9.2.7 -Durability Requirements: The durability requirements of the various type sheeting materials described herein and their matched components are specified in this 846 Section. The sheeting manufacturer’s obligations in the event that the manufacturer’s material(s) fails to meet the durability requirements specified herein, as applicable, are specified within Section 715.9.2.8. All warranty requirements, and sheeting manufacturer obligations specified in Section 715.9.2.8 for materials fail ing to meet these requirements, are intended for installed devices remaining in place and becoming the property of the WVDOH after completion of the project, and for devices purchased or manufactured by the WVDOH. In all cases, the obligations of the sheet ing manufacturer for failure of the materials to meet the established warranty requirements are to the WVDOH. The warranty requirements and sheeting manufacturer obligations specified herein shall not be construed as establishing mandatory warranty terms and obligations that the sheeting manufacturer is required to provide to Contractors, device manufacturers, fabricators, vendors, or other third parties performing work for or providing materials or finished products to the WVDOH. 715.9.2.7.1 -Non Work Z one Applications: 715.9.2.7.1.1 -Type ASTM -I Sheeting: Finished signs manufactured using Type ASTM -I sheeting shall exhibit the minimum level of performance described herein for a period of seven (7) years after field installation. The retroreflectivity levels maintained by the sheeting placed on the signs shall be a minimum of fifty (50) % of the required values for new sheeting of the same color, per 715.9.2.1.1.1. For transparent ink and film covered areas over white sheeting, the retroreflectivity le vels maintained by these areas of the signs shall be a minimum of thirty - five (35) % [seventy (70) % of the fifty (50) % value specified above] of the required values for new sheeting of the same color as the ink or film, per 715.9.2.1.1.1. The colors and luminance factors of all areas of finished signs shall be such that the sign remains effective for its intended purpose when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions by drivers with normal vision. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done in accordance with ASTM D4956. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done at the set observation angle / entrance angle geometry of 0.2/ -4. 715.9.2.7.1.2 -Type ASTM -IV Sheeting: Finished signs manufactured using Type ASTM -IV sheeting shall exhibit the minimum level of performance described herein for a period of ten (10) years after field installation. The retroreflectivity levels maintained by the sheeting placed on the signs shall be a minimum of eighty (80) % of the required values for new sheeting of the same color, per 715.9.2.2.1.1. For transparent ink and transparent film covered areas over white sheeting, the retroreflectivity levels maintained by these areas of the signs shall be a minimum of fifty-six (56) % [seventy (70) % of the eighty (80) % value specified above] of the required values for new sheeting of the same color as the ink or film, per 715.9.2.2.1.1. The colors and luminance factors of all areas of finished signs shall be such that the sign remains effective for its intended purpose when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions by drivers with normal vision. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done in accordance with ASTM D4956. All retroreflectivity te sting shall be done at the set observation angle / entrance angle geometry of 0.2/ -4. 847 715.9.2.7.1.3 -Type ASTM -XI Sheeting: 715.9.2.7.1.3.1 -Non Fluorescent Materials: Finished signs manufactured using Type ASTM -XI non -fluorescent sheeting shall exhibi t the minimum level of performance described herein for a period of twelve (12) years after field installation. The retroreflectivity levels maintained by the sheeting placed on the signs shall be a minimum of eighty (80) % of the required values for new sheeting of the same color, per 715.9.2.4.1.1. For transparent ink and film covered areas over white sheeting, the retroreflectivity levels maintained by these areas of the signs shall be a minimum of fifty - six (56) % [seventy (70) % of the eighty (80) % value specified above] of the required values for new sheeting of the same color as the ink or film, per 715.9.2.4.1.1. The colors and luminance factors of all areas of finished signs shall be such that the sign remains effective for its intended purpo se when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions by drivers with normal vision. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done in accordance with ASTM D4956. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done at the set observati on angle / entrance angle geometry of 0.2/ -4. 715.9.2.7.1.3.2 -Fluorescent Materials: Finished signs manufactured using Type ASTM -XI fluorescent sheeting shall exhibit the minimum level of performance described herein for a period of ten (10) years after installation. The retroreflectivity levels maintained by the sheeting placed on the signs shall be a minimum of eighty (80) % of the required values for new sheeting of the same color, per 715.9.2.4.1.1. The colors of all areas of finished signs shall be such that the sign remains effective for its intended purpose when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions by drivers with normal vision. The daytime luminance factor of all areas of finished signs shall be in confo rmance with the daytime luminance factor requirements referenced in Section 715.9.2.4.1.3. All testing shall be done in accordance with ASTM D4956. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done at the set observation angle / entrance angle geometry of 0.2/ -4. 715.9.2.7.2 -Work Zone Applications: 715.9.2.7.2.1 -Type ASTM -IV Sheeting: 715.9.2.7.2.1.1 -Channelization & Delineation Devices: Products in this category include but may not be limited to plastic posts, tubes, barricades, drums, cones, and channelizer cones, including “permanently” installed plastic posts and tubes. Applicable colors are orange, white, yellow, blue, and red. The sh eeting placed on finished products of this type shall have its’ performance warranted for a period of three (3) years after application on the finished product. The Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection shall be fifty (50) % of the values specified in S ection 715.9.2.2.1.1 for sheeting of the same color. The colors and luminance factors of the applied sheeting shall be such that the sheeting remains effective for its intended purpose when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving c onditions by drivers with normal vision. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done in accordance with ASTM D4956. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done at the set observation angle / entrance angle geometry of 0.2/ -4. 848 715.9.2.7.2.2 -Type ASTM -VI Sheeting: 715.9.2.7.2.2.1 -Roll-Up Signs: Finished roll -up signs manufactured using Type ASTM -VI sheeting shall have their performance warranted for a period of three (3) years after manufacturing. The retroreflectivity levels maintained by the white or fluorescent -orange areas of the finished signs shall be a minimum of fifty (50) % of the required values for new sheeting of the same color, per Table 715.9.2.3.1.1 -I. For transparent ink covered areas over white sheeting, the retroreflectivity levels maintained by these areas of the signs shall be a minimum of fifty (50) % of the required values for like colored screen printed areas over new sheeting (50% of the values in Table 715.9.2.3.1.1 -II). The colors and luminance factors of all areas of finis hed signs shall be such that the sign remains effective for its intended purpose when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions by drivers with normal vision. The daytime luminance factor of fluorescent -orange finished s igns shall be in conformance with the daytime luminance factor requirements referenced in Section 715.9.2.3.1.3. All testing shall be done in accordance with ASTM D4956. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done at the set observation angle / entrance angle geometry of 0.2/ -4. 715.9.2.7.2.3 -Type ASTM -XI Sheeting: 715.9.2.7.2.3.1 -Signs: Finished work zone signs manufactured using fluorescent - orange Type ASTM -XI material shall have their performance warranted for a period of three (3) years after ma nufacturing. The retroreflectivity levels maintained by the sheeting placed on the signs shall be a minimum of fifty (50) % of the required values for new fluorescent -orange sheeting, per 715.9.2.4.1.1. The colors of all areas of finished signs shall b e such that the sign remains effective for its intended purpose when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions by drivers with normal vision. The daytime luminance factor of all areas of finished signs shall be in confor mance with the daytime luminance factor requirements referenced in Section 715.9.2.4.1.3 for fluorescent -orange. All testing shall be done in accordance with ASTM D4956. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done at the set observation angle / entrance angle geometry of 0.2/ -4. 715.9.2.7.2.3.2 -Channelization & Delineation Devices: Products in this category include but may not be limited to plastic posts, tubes, barricades, drums, cones, and channelizer cones, including “permanently” installed plastic posts and tubes. Applicable colors are orange, white, yellow, blue, and red. The sheeting placed on finished products of this type shall have its’ performance warranted for a period of three (3) years after application on the finished product. The Minim um Coefficient of Retroreflection shall be fifty (50) % of the values specified in Section 715.9.2.4.1.1for sheeting of the same color. The colors and luminance factors of the applied sheeting shall be such that the sheeting remains effective for its int ended purpose when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions by drivers with normal vision. The daytime luminance factor of fluorescent -yellow sheeting shall be in conformance with the daytime luminance factor requirements referenced in Section 715.9.2.4.1.3. 849 All testing shall be done in accordance with ASTM D4956. All retroreflectivity testing shall be done at the set observation angle / entrance angle geometry of 0.2/ -4. 715.9.2.8 -Warranty Claims: The shee ting manufacturer’s obligations in the event that the manufacturer’s material(s) fails to meet the warranty requirements specified herein are specified within this Section. The retroreflective sheeting and/or matched components used to manufacture finished signs, channelization devices, & delineation devices shall be considered to be in non -compliance with these specifications where it can be shown that during the specified warranty period the finished product has deteriorated due to natural causes to the e xtent that is in non -compliance with the quantitative requirements contained herein related to retroreflectivity or luminance factor, as applicable, or is otherwise determined to be ineffective for its intended purpose when viewed from a moving vehicle under normal day and night driving conditions by drivers with normal vision. Under such circumstances, the sheeting manufacturer’s warranty obligations shall be as outlined as described herein. The retroreflectivity, color, & luminance factor durability req uirements of the various type sheeting materials described herein and their matched components, as well as the required warranty periods, are specified within Section 715.9.2.7. Warranty claims shall be based on failures which occur as a result of design or manufacturing defects in the manufacturer’s sheeting and/or matched components and not of outside causes such as improper fabrication, handling, maintenance, or installation; use of non -manufacturer recommended inks, thinners, coatings, or overlay film s for the sheeting being used; use of application equipment not recommended by the manufacturer; failure of sign substrate; exposure to chemicals, abrasion, or damage from fasteners used to mount the sign; snow burial; collisions, vandalism, or malicious m ischief. It shall be the sheeting manufacturer’s responsibility to investigate and demonstrate that the recommendations contained in their product bulletins, information folders, and technical memos have not been followed in cases where the manufacturer ch ooses to contest the warranty claim. Replacement sheeting shall carry the unexpired warranty of the sheeting it replaces. 715.9.2.8.1 -Non Work Zone Applications: 715.9.2.8.1.1 -Signs: 715.9.2.8.1.1.1 -Non Fluorescent Type ASTM -IV and Type ASTM -XI Shee ting: If the failure occurs within the first seven (7) years from the date of field installation, the sheeting manufacturer shall, at its expense, restore the sign surface to its original effectiveness. The Division will be responsible for no labor, equip ment, or material costs in this case. If the failure occurs after seven (7) years from the date of field installation, but less than ten (10) years from the date of field installation for Type ASTM -IV material or less than twelve (12) years from the date of field installation for Type ASTM -XI material, the manufacturer shall furnish the necessary amount of sheeting to restore the sign surface to its original effectiveness. 715.9.2.8.1.1.2 -Fluorescent Type ASTM -XI Sheeting: If the failure occurs within the first seven (7) years from the date of field installation, the sheeting manufacturer shall, at its expense, restore the sign surface to its original effectiveness. The Division will be responsible for no labor, equipment, or material costs in this cas e. If the failure occurs after seven (7) years from the date of field installation, but less than 850 ten (10) years from the date of field installation, the manufacturer shall furnish the necessary amount of sheeting to restore the sign surface to its origi nal effectiveness. 715.9.2.8.2 -Work Zone Applications: 715.9.2.8.2.1 -Signs: 715.9.2.8.2.1.1 -Type ASTM -VI and Type ASTM -XI Sheeting: If the failure occurs within one (1) year from the date of manufacturing, the sheeting manufacturer will, at its expens e, provide all required sheeting to restore the effected sign(s) to their original effectiveness. If failure occurs after one (1) year from the date of manufacturing, but less than two (2) years from the date of manufacturing , the sheeting manufacturer w ill, at its expense, provide two -thirds (2/3) of the required sheeting to restore the effected sign(s) to their original effectiveness. If failure occurs after two (2) years from the date of manufacturing, but less than three
3.years from the date of ma nufacturing , the sheeting manufacturer will, at its expense, provide one -third (1/3) of the required sheeting to restore the effected sign(s) to their original effectiveness. 715.9.2.8.2.2 -Channelization & Delineation Devices: 715.9.2.8.2.2.1 -Type ASTM -IV and Type ASTM -XI Sheeting: If the failure occurs within one (1) year from the date of manufacturing, the sheeting manufacturer will, at its expense, provide all required sheeting to restore the effected device(s) to their original effectiveness. If failure occurs after one (1) year from the date of manufacturing, but less than two (2) years from the date of manufacturing , the sheeting manufacturer will, at its e xpense, provide two -thirds (2/3) of the required sheeting to restore the effected device(s) to their original effectiveness. If failure occurs after two (2) years from the date of manufacturing, but less than three
3.years from the date of manufacturing , the sheeting manufacturer will, at its expense, provide one -third (1/3) of the required sheeting to restore the effected device(s) to their original effectiveness. 715.9.2.9 -Approval Processes: The WVDOH processes for review and approval of the vario us material types described in Sections 715.9.2.1 through 715.9.2.6 are described within this Section. Retroreflective sheeting materials of the Types described herein, manufacturer recommended matched components for use with the sheeting materials, and transfer films to be considered for inclusion on the WVDOH APL shall be submitted to the Materials Division following the current procedures specified by the Materials Division. The manufacturer may contact the Traffic Engineering Division for verification . The manufacturer should include all relevant documentation and information with their submittal, including but not limited to Product Data Sheets, Product Flyers, Manufacturer Product Specifications, Product Bulletins, and any required independent test r esults described herein. In addition to the above described documentation and information, the manufacturer shall submit a letter of certification prior to approval. This letter shall include the following:
1.Certification that the material(s) submitted fo r approval will meet all applicable requirements contained within Section 715 of the Specifications. The applicable 851 material Type designation, as defined in this specification, should also be referenced. If the material is a Type ASTM -I, IV, or XI materia l and not intended solely for application to work zone devices as defined herein, or is a fluorescent - orange material intended for application to rigid substrate signs, and does not meet the requirements of this specification to be considered rotationally insensitive, the manufacturer should note this exception in the certification letter. Classification of the material as being rotationally sensitive will not prevent approval of the material.
2.Certification that the manufacturer agrees to warranty the per formance of the material(s) in accordance with Section 715 of the Specifications.
3.Certification that the material(s) have a minimum one (1) year shelf life, when stored as recommended by the manufacturer, if the manufacturer is seeking approval of the mate rial(s) for manufacturing purposes within the CSS. All submitted information will be forwarded to the WVDOH Traffic Engineering Division, which will in turn contact and work directly with the manufacturer during the evaluation process. The Traffic Engin eering Division will evaluate all submitted literature and documentation for compliance with the specified requirements as well as satisfactory independent testing results, as applicable. The Traffic Engineering Division will also arrange for the manufactu rer to furnish test samples for evaluation of the materials suitability for use within the CSS, as applicable. After the evaluation is complete, the Traffic Engineering Division will inform the Materials Division in writing of the outcome of its evaluation . The WVDOH reserves the right to conduct testing, whether internally or through an independent testing agency of its choice, on any material submitted for approval in order to verify that the material meets any of the material specifications herein. This testing may be conducted prior to or any time after approval is issued. Any such testing shall be conducted in accordance with the testing requirements of the applicable standardization body, such as ASTM or AASHTO. 715.9.2.9.1 -Retroreflective Sheeting Materials & Matched Components: 715.9.2.9.1.1 -Independent Test Results: In order for the material to be evaluated and considered for approval, independent test results must be supplied by the manufacturer demonstrating the sheeting material’s conforman ce with the requirements specified within the applicable Section 715.9.2.1, 715.9.2.2, 715.9.2.3, or 715.9.2.4, with the exception of the requirements specified in the “Shelf Life”, “Backing Class”, and “Durability” subsections. The independent test resul ts shall include accelerated outdoor weathering test results conducted in conformance with ASTM D4956. Artificial accelerated lab weathering shall not be accepted except for materials intended for work zone applications. Materials intended for work zone ap plications shall include all Type ASTM -VI materials and shall include, but may not be limited to, other “Type” materials intended for use on plastic posts, tubes, barricades, drums, cones, and channelizer cones, including “permanently” installed plastic po sts and tubes. However, any approval granted based on the results of artificial accelerated lab weathering shall be provisional in nature and noted as such on the APL. As a condition of the acceptance of artificial accelerated lab weathering results in lie u of accelerated outdoor weathering results, the accelerated outdoor weathering process shall be ongoing at the time of issuance of the provisional approval. In addition, the material manufacturer shall submit the standard outdoor weathering test results t o the WVDOH within nine (9) months after the effective date of the provisional approval for Type 852 ASTM - VI materials, and within fifteen (15) months after the effective date of the provisional approval for all other material “Types”. AASHTO -NTPEP results sh all be considered acceptable for meeting the accelerated outdoor weathering test results requirement. Rotational sensitivity testing is not required for sheeting materials intended solely for application to work zone devices, as defined herein, with the exception of fluorescent - orange materials intended for application to rigid substrate signs. Otherwise, if a material submitted for approval does not meet the rotational sensitivity requirements herein, rotational sensitivity testing may be omitted from t he independent test results provided that the manufacturer notes that the material does not meet the rotational sensitivity requirement in their required certification letter described in Section 715.9.2.9. 715.9.2.9.1.1.1 -Accelerated Weathering Test Results: The duration of testing required shall be based on the sheeting material Type, as defined by this specification, and the intended application of the material. All Type ASTM -I sheeting materials shall be subjected to two (2) years of accelerated outdoor weathering. Type ASTM -IV and Type ASTM -XI materials intended for non -work zone applications shall be subjected to three (3) years of accelerated outdoor weathering. Type ASTM -IV and Type ASTM -XI materials intended for work zone applications shall be subjected to one (1) year of accelerated outdoor weathering. Type ASTM -VI materials shall be subjected to six (6) months of accelerated outdoor weathering. After completion of the accelerated outdoor weathering , all materials shall be in conformance with the general durability requirements related to cracking, scaling, pitting, blistering, edge lifting, curling, shrinkage, and expansion specified in ASTM D4956. The retroreflectivity level of the sheeting mater ial after completion of the accelerated outdoor weathering, when tested in accordance with ASTM D4956, shall be in conformance with the requirements of ASTM D4956. ASTM D4956 specifies the level of retroreflectivity to be maintained by the material as a pe rcentage of the initial required retroreflectivity level specified in ASTM D4956. An exception to this shall apply to Type ASTM -VI materials. In this case, the percentage specified in ASTM D4956 shall be applied to the applicable initial required retrorefl ectivity levels specified in Section 715.9.2.3.1.1 rather than the initial values specified in ASTM D4956. After completion of the accelerated weathering, the sheeting material shall be in conformance with the requirements specified in the “Color” (dayti me) and “Luminance Factor” subsections within the applicable Section 715.9.2.1, 715.9.2.2, 715.9.2.3, or 715.9.2.4 when tested in accordance with ASTM D4956. The manufacturer recommended matched components for use with the sheeting material must also be subjected to accelerated outdoor weathering in order for approval to be given for the manufacturing of signs requiring the use of these matched components. The duration of accelerated outdoor weathering required for the matched components shall be the same as the applicable duration required for the sheeting. The retroreflectivity level of the areas of all signs processed with transparent inks or transparent films after completion of the accelerated outdoor weathering, when tested in accordance with ASTM D4956, shall be a minimum of seventy (70) % of the retroreflectivity values required for like colored sheeting of the same material Type upon completion of the accelerated outdoor weathering. After completion of the accelerated outdoor weathering, the ar eas of all signs processed with transparent inks or transparent films shall be in conformance with the requirements 853 specified in the “Color” (daytime) and “Luminance Factor” subsections within the applicable Section 715.9.2.1, 715.9.2.2, 715.9.2.3, or 715. 9.2.4 when tested in accordance with ASTM D4956. If artificial accelerated lab weathering is conducted in order to obtain provisional approval for a material intended for work zone applications, per Section 715.9.2.9.1.1, the weathering process shall be d one in accordance with the ASTM D4956 specifications. The performance requirements for the results of the testing shall be the same as described herein for accelerated outdoor weathering. 715.9.2.9.1.2 --CSS Evaluation: Material Types and their matched components that are typically used in manufacturing processes within the CSS are subject to evaluation by WVDOH personnel for their suitability for use within the Division’s CSS. This evaluation is primarily focused on the compatibility, workability, and general “user friendliness” of the materials when used for production purposes within the CSS using the equipment in place at the CSS, as well as the characteristics of the materials in these regards relative to other materials which have already been appr oved. The suitability of the materials in these regards shall be based solely on the judgment of the Division. The un -acceptance of the manufacturer’s sheeting material and/or matched components based on this evaluation shall not prevent the listing of th ese materials on the APL and the use of these materials by private fabricators supplying finished products to the WVDOH or to Contractors performing Contracts for the WVDOH. In order for a sheeting material to be eligible for bidding on any Division raw m aterial supply Contract, particular Section(s) of the Contract may require that only the sheeting material be determined to be suitable for use within the CSS. Other Section(s) may require that one or more of the matched components also be determined to be suitable for use within the CSS. These requirements shall be indicated in the raw material supply Contract. In addition to any other requirements specified herein, in order to be accepted for manufacturing purposes within the CSS all sheeting materials shall permit application to aluminum blanks and shall permit processing with compatible matched components at temperatures between 60 to 100°F and relative humidity at 20% to 80 % when performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. In ad dition, the sheeting and the matched component inks shall allow oven accelerated curing, providing that the manufacturer’s recommendations are followed. Any restrictions on the use of the material or any of the matched components within the CSS shall be n oted on the APL. In addition to the information provided above, note the following:
1.Type ASTM -I material is not specified for any applications on WVDOH advertised construction projects. The specifications and approval process described herein for Type AS TM-I material are in place solely for the purpose of establishing requirements for the placement of Type ASTM -I materials on the Division’s APL. A listing of approved Type ASTM -I materials is maintained in order to establish a list of materials approved fo r bidding on Division raw material supply Contracts. Therefore, no Type ASTM -I material that is not accepted by the Division for manufacturing purposes within the CSS shall be placed on the APL.
2.Type ASTM -IV sheeting materials and their matched components intended for work zone (as described herein) applications only are not required to be evaluated for use within the CSS. 854 3. Type ASTM -VI sheeting materials and their matched components are not required to be evaluated for use within the CSS.
4.With the excepti on of fluorescent -orange material and its’ applicable matched components intended for use in manufacturing temporary work zone signs, Type ASTM -XI sheeting materials and their matched components intended for work zone (as described herein) applications onl y are not required to be evaluated for use within the CSS. 715.9.2.9.2 -Transfer Films: The transfer film section of the APL is solely for the purpose of establishing an approved list of transfer tapes for bidding on Division raw material supply Contrac ts. Private fabricators are not required to utilize transfer tapes listed on the APL. This shall be noted on the APL. Therefore, no transfer film that is not accepted by the Division for manufacturing purposes within the CSS shall be placed on the APL. All transfer films submitted for approval shall be transparent. No other specific requirements are listed herein. However, transfer films shall be thoroughly evaluated by personnel within the Division’s CSS. The CSS evaluation is primarily focused on the compatibility, workability, and general “user friendliness” of the material when used for production purposes within the CSS using the equipment in place at the CSS, as well as the characteristics of the material in these regards relative to other transfer fi lms which have already been approved. The suitability of the material in this regard shall be based solely on the judgment of the Division. 715.9.3 -Channelizing Devices: Channelizing Devices shall include Drums, Channelizer Cones, Cones, Barricades, Surface Mounted Flexible Tubular Markers, Soil Anchored Flexible Delineator Posts, Guardrail Mounted Delineator Posts, and Type B -1 Delineators. Requirements in order to be lis ted on the Division APL are contained within this section for applicable devices. Devices which are included as part of the AASHTO National Transportation Product Evaluation Program (AASHTO -NTPEP), and for which an APL is maintained, shall be tested as part of the AASHTO -NTPEP in order to be considered for approval. With the exception of Guardrail Mounted Delineator Posts and Type B -1 Delineators, all devices described above shall be crashworthy when assembled, installed, and utilized in accordance wi th the device manufacturer’s instructions. Crashworthy shall be defined as meeting the crash testing performance requirements of the 2016 edition AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH -2016) at Test Levels I, II, and III. Device manufacturer i nstructions shall be within the scope of the successful crash testing. Scope shall include parameters such as size, weight, placement, and material makeup of potential device attachments; location, weight, and material makeup of additional device ballast; etc. Manufacturer instructions regarding such parameters may be outside the scope of testing only if allowed for in the FHWA eligibility letter or by written guidance or policy issued by the FHWA or AASHTO. The manufacturer shall be required to demonstr ate the crashworthiness of a device as part of the submittal requesting consideration for including the device on the Division APL. Demonstration shall be by means of the manufacturer’s MASH -2016 self -certification letter for Drums, Channelizer Cones, Surf ace Mounted Flexible Tubular Markers, and Soil Anchored Flexible Delineator Posts. Barricades shall be demonstrable to meet MASH -2016 by means specified in official guidance issued by the WVDOH. 855 References within this section to the “Traffic Control Manual” shall be interpreted as referencing the WVDOH Manual on Temporary Traffic Control for Streets and Highways Traffic Control Manual, latest edition. 715.9.3.1 -Drums: Drums shall be designed, tested, and supplied in accordance with the foll owing requirements:
i.Material shall be lightweight, typically plastic such as polyethylene, designed to yield and separate from the base upon impact, and to be returned to its’ original shape if deformed. Metal or otherwise rigid drums shall not be approved . Material shall be colored bright orange and shall be resistant to deterioration and fading from UV light exposure. ii. Device shall appear cylindrical from any direction and shall have a closed top. iii. Device height and width shall be in accordance with the r equirements shown in the Traffic Control Manual. iv. Device shall be equipped with retroreflective sheeting placed as required by the Traffic Control Manual. Retroreflective sheeting shall be Type ASTM -IV material noted for use on Drums on the WVDOH APL for re troreflective sheeting.
v.Device base design shall be solid rubber snap -on, sand filled plastic snap -on, or tire ring collar. Note, if a manufacturer submits a tire ring collar base model drum to the WVDOH for evaluation, the manufacturer shall be require d to certify in their MASH self -certification letter that the device is in compliance with the crash performance requirements of MASH with up to two (2) tire ring collars used with the device. vi. Device drum and base shall incorporate anti -roll mechanisms to prevent continuous rolling if knocked over. 715.9.3.2 -Channelizer Cones: Channelizer Cones shall be designed, tested, and supplied in accordance with the following requirements:
i.Material shall be lightweight , typically plastic such as polyethylene, designed to yield and separate from the base upon impact, and to be returned to its’ original shape if deformed. Metal or otherwise rigid Channelizer Cones shall not be approved. Material shall be colored bright or ange and shall be resistant to deterioration and fading from UV light exposure. ii. Device shall appear cylindrical from any direction and shall have a closed top. iii. Device diameter at the top edge of the top band of sheeting shall be approximately four (4)-inches. Device diameter at the bottom edge of the bottom band of sheeting shall be approximately 5 -½ inches. The device may be constructed such that the diameter transitions from the top to the bottom uniformly or tiered such that the section of the device th at each band of sheeting is attached to is of a different constant diameter. iv. Device retroreflective markings shall be horizontal, circumferential, alternating orange and white retroreflective stripes six (6)-inches wide. A minimum of two orange and two wh ite stripes shall be used with the top stripe being orange. The top edge of the top band shall be approximately forty -three ( 43)-inches above ground level and non -retroreflectorized gaps between the orange and white stripes shall not exceed 1 -inch.
v.Retro reflective sheeting shall be Type ASTM -IV material noted for use on Channelizer Cones on the WVDOH APL for retroreflective sheeting. 856 vi. Two different subcategories of Channelizer Cones are recognized: Devices for use on roadways with a normal posted speed l imit of 55 MPH or less, and devices for use on all roadways. The device shall be approved under one or both subcategories based on the acceptable bases available. Base requirements for use on roadways 55 MPH or less are as follows:
a.Base shall be drop -on type manufactured of solid rubber and shall not be round.
b.Minimum weight of fifteen ( 15) lbs.
c.The square or rectangular footprint defined by the outer extremes of the base shall not exceed twenty ( 20) inches x twenty ( 20) inches if square and shall not exceed eighteen ( 18)-inches in one direction or twenty -four ( 24) inches in the other if rectangular. vii. Base requirements for use on all roadways are as follows:
a.Base shall be drop -on type manufactured of solid rubber and shall be rectangular.
b.Minimum weight of twenty ( 20) lbs.
c.The dimension of the base on the short side shall be a minimum of twelve
12.inches and a maximum of twenty (20) inches. The dimension of the base on the long side shall be a minimum of twenty -four ( 24) inches. 715.9.3.3 -Cones: Cones shall be designed, tested, and supplied in accordance with the following requirements:
i.Material shall be lightweight, typically polyvinyl chloride, designed to yield upon impact and returned to its’ original shape if deformed. Metal or otherwise rigid cones shall not be allowed. Material shall be colored fluorescent orange and shall be resistant to deterioration and fading from UV light exposure. ii. Device height and overall general shape shall be in accordance with the Traffic Control Manual. iii. Device shall be equipped with retroreflective sheeting as required by the Traffic Control Manual. Sheeting placement shall be in accordance with the requirements of the Traffic Control Manual. Retroreflective sheeting shall be Type ASTM -IV material noted for use on Cones on the WVDOH APL for retroreflective sheeting. iv. Device shall be adequately designed to resist displacement and tipping from wind and vibrations, as well as slumping due to heat. 715.9.3.4 -Barricades: Type I, II, and III Ba rricades shall be designed, tested, and supplied in accordance with the following requirements:
i.Barricade rail material shall be a lightweight, typically polymer material such as polyethylene, polyurethane, or engineered thermoplastic. Other materials such as aluminum or wood shall not be approved. Support frame components shall be manufactured of materials similar to those described above or may be metal. Wood shall not be approved. ii. Minimum Barricade height, rail length, and individual rail height shall be in accordance with the requirements of the Traffic Control Manual. iii. Device rails shall be white. iv. Device shall be equipped with retroreflective sheeting designed and placed as required by the Traffic Control Manual. Retroreflective sheeting shall be Type ASTM -IV material noted for use on Barricades on the WVDOH APL for retroreflective sheeting. 857 v. Type III barricades shall be self -supporting and shall remain stable by incorporating a base design, such as horizontal skids or weighted components, in order to provide adequate wind resistance. 715.9.3.5 -Surface Mounted Flexible Tubular Markers: Surface Mounted Flexible Tubular Markers (SMFTM’s) shall be designed, tested, and supplied in accordance with the following requirements:
i.Material shall be a lightweigh t, typically polymer material such as polyethylene, polyurethane, or engineered thermoplastic, and shall be designed to yield upon impact and to be returned to its’ original position and, if designed to be deformable, shape when impacted from any direction . Except for components as allowed for herein, SMFTM’s shall not be manufactured of metal. SMFTM’s manufactured of rigid material shall not be approved without a mechanism, such as a spring, included as part of the device design which allows the entire tub e above the base to yield when impacted. Material shall be resistant to impact as well as deterioration and fading from UV light exposure. Device shall be available with white, yellow, and orange tubes. ii. No metal or otherwise rigid components shall become projectiles upon impact. iii. Tubes shall provide 360 -degree visibility for their entire length with a minimum profile of two ( 2) inches. Cross -sectional shape at the reflective portion shall be uniform. iv. Device shall be manufactured such that the top of the SM FTM is thirty -six (36) inches above the bottom of the base after installation.
v.For white and yellow tubes, device shall include a white or yellow six (6) inch wide band of retroreflective sheeting matching the SMFTM tube color, preinstalled by the manufacturer. The band shall be wrapped completely around the tube, with the bottom edge of the sheeting no less than twenty -eight ( 28) inches above the bottom of the base. For temporary orange applications, device shall include retroreflective sheeting sized and placed in accordance with the Traffic Control Manual. vi. Retroreflective sheeting shall be Type ASTM -IV material noted for use on SMFTM’s on the WVDOH APL for retroreflective sheeting. vii. Hardware shall be supplied by the manufacturer and shall be manufactured using stainless, zinc plated, or galvanized steel; aluminum; or similar material exhibiting weather resistance equal to or gre ater than those described. viii. SMFTM’s shall utilize bases designed to be mounted to the top surface of the roadway and shall be colored black. Appropriate anchors for the intended substrate shall be supplied by the manufacturer for permanent applications. SM FTM’s whose bases are recommended by the manufacturer for installation using only non - mechanical means such as mixed, melted, or preformed adhesive shall be considered for temporary use approval only. 715.9.3.6 -Soil Anchored Flexible Delineator Posts: Soil Anchored Flexible Delineator Posts (SAFDP’s) shall be designed, tested, and supplied in accordance with the following requirements:
i.Material shall be a lightweight, typically polymer material such as polyethylene, polyurethane, or engineered thermopla stic, and shall be designed to yield upon impact and to be returned to its’ original position and, if designed to be deformable, shape when impacted from any direction. Except for components as allowed for 858 herein, SAFDP’s shall not be manufactured of metal . SAFDP’s manufactured of rigid material shall not be approved without a mechanism, such as a spring, included as part of the device design which allows the entire portion of the post above the base to yield when impacted. Material shall be resistant to im pact as well as deterioration and fading from UV light exposure. Posts shall be available in white and yellow. ii. No metal or otherwise rigid components shall become projectiles upon impact. iii. Device shall be manufactured such that the top of the delineator is fifty-four ( 54)- inches above the ground surface after installation. iv. Post cross sectional shape may be flat, convex, or round. Post shall be of a uniform cross -sectional shape at the reflective portion with a flat or convex shaped front face.
v.Retroreflecti ve sheeting shall be a Type ASTM -XI material on the WVDOH APL for retroreflective sheeting. Yellow sheeting shall be fluorescent. vi. Device shall include one three ( 3)-inch wide by nine ( 9)-inch tall strip of retroreflective sheeting on the front face match ing the SAFDP color. If required by the Plans, device shall accommodate and include one three ( 3)-inch wide by nine (9)-inch tall strip of fluorescent -yellow or red retroreflective sheeting on the back face. The top edge of the sheeting shall be two ( 2)-inches or less from the top of the post. All sheeting shall be preinstalled by the manufacturer. vii. Device anchor shall be galvanized steel designed for eighteen ( 18)-inch minimum embedment. viii. Hardware shall be supplied by the manufacturer and shall be manufactu red using stainless, zinc plated, or galvanized steel; aluminum; or similar material exhibiting weather resistance equal to or greater than those described. 715.9.3.7 -Guardrail Mounted Delineator Posts: Guardrail Mounted Delineator Posts (GMDP’s) shall b e designed, tested, and supplied in accordance with the following requirements:
i.Material shall be a lightweight, typically polymer material such as polyethylene, polyurethane, or engineered thermoplastic. Device shall be designed to yield upon impact and t o return to its’ original position and shape when impacted from the front or back. Except for components as allowed for herein, GMDP’s shall not be manufactured of metal. GDMP’s manufactured of rigid material shall not be approved without a mechanism, such as a spring, included as part of the device design which allows the entire portion of the device above the top of the guardrail to yield when impacted. Material shall be resistant to impact as well as deterioration and fading from UV light exposure. Posts shall be available in white and yellow. ii. No metal components shall become projectiles upon impact. iii. Device shall be manufactured such that the top of the post sheeting is twenty ( 20)- inches minimum above the top of the guardrail after installation. iv. Cross sectional shape may be flat, convex, or round. Post shall be of a uniform cross -sectional shape at the reflective portion with a flat or convex shaped front face.
v.Designs which are entirely made up of a single flat or convex shaped piec e of material shall allow for installation as shown on Sheet TE11 -2A of the West Virginia Department of Transportation, Division of Highways, Standard Details Book Vol. II, Signing, Signals, Lighting, and Marking. 859 vi. Retroreflective sheeting shall be a Type ASTM -XI material on the WVDOH APL for retroreflective sheeting. Yellow sheeting shall be fluorescent. vii. Device shall include one three ( 3)-inch wide by nine ( 9)-inch tall strip of retroreflective sheeting on the front face matching the GMDP color. If requi red by the Plans, the device shall accommodate and include one three ( 3)-inch wide by nine ( 9)-inch tall strip of fluorescent -yellow or red retroreflective sheeting on the back face. All sheeting shall be preinstalled by the manufacturer. viii. Any required hardware other than that shown on Standard Detail TE11 -2A shall be supplied by the manufacturer and shall be manufactured using stainless, zinc plated, or galvanized steel; aluminum; or similar material exhibiting weather resistance equal to or gr eater than those described. 715.9.3.8 -Type B -1 Delineators: Type B -1 Delineators shall be designed, tested, and supplied in accordance with the following requirements:
i.Material shall be a lightweight, typically polymer material such as polyethylene, polyurethane, or engineered thermoplastic. Except for components as allowed for herein, Type B -1 Delineators shall not be manufactured of metal. Material shall be resistant to impact as well as deterioration and fading from UV light exposure. ii. No metal compone nts shall become projectiles upon impact. iii. The front and back faces of the device substrate to which the reflective sheeting is to be applied shall be white or yellow to match the color of the sheeting or shall be a neutral color such as black or grey. iv. Device may be a one -piece design or two -piece design utilizing a separate bracket with the reflective portion attached to the bracket using one or more fasteners. The bracket portion may be metal but shall not extend more than three (3)-inches above the top o f the barrier. In addition, the bracket shall not obscure more than ten - percent (10%) of the reflective face.
v.The cross -sectional shape of the reflective portion of the device shall be flat. vi. Retroreflective sheeting shall be a Type ASTM -XI material on the WVDOH APL for retroreflective sheeting. Yellow sheeting shall be fluorescent. vii. Front face of device shall accommodate reflective sheeting eight ( 8)-inches wide by twelve ( 12)-inches tall, in white or fluorescent yellow as specified. If required by the Plans, device shall accommodate and include one eight ( 8)-inch wide by twelve ( 12)-inch tall strip of fluorescent -yellow or red retroreflective sheeting on the back face. All sheeting shall be preinstalled by the manufacturer. viii. In order to be approved for permanent applications, the device shall be designed to allow mechanical fastening to the top of a concrete barrier wall as narrow as six (6)-inches. ix. All required hardware and other metal components shall be supplied by the manufacturer and shall be manuf actured using stainless, zinc plated, or galvanized steel; aluminum; or similar material exhibiting weather resistance equal to or greater than those described. Anchors shall be suitable for use in concrete. If the use of an adhesive material for attachmen t is allowed for by the manufacturer for temporary applications, the adhesive shall be provided by the manufacturer. 715.9.3.9 -Product Submission and Approval: Drums, Channelizer Cones, Barricades, Surface Mounted Flexible Tubular Markers, Soil Anchore d Flexible Delineator Posts, Guardrail Mounted Delineator Posts, and Type B -1 Delineators to be considered for 860 inclusion on the Division’s APL’s shall be submitted to the Materials Division following the current procedures specified in MP 106.00.02. The manufacturer should include all relevant documentation and information, including but not limited to product data sheets, product flyers, manufacturer product specifications and recommendations, product bulletins, engineering drawings, AASHTO - NTPEP test r esults, and crash testing performance documentation. In addition to the above, field evaluation installations may be required prior to approval. In order for the device to be approved, evaluation installations installed by or for the Division shall demons trate levels of durability, reliability, performance, and ease of installation/repair determined to be acceptable to Division evaluation personnel. Details related to this testing, such as locations, quantities, and duration shall be determined by the Division. Initial and typical repair material costs associated with the device shall also be considered as part of the evaluation. 715.9.4 -Reflective Sign Support Strips: Reflective Sign Support Strips (strips) for use on WVDOH projects are listed on the Materials Division “Reflective U -Channel Strips” Approved Products List (APL). Strips shall be manufactured using polymer materials such as polyethylene, polyurethane, or engineered thermoplastics, and shall be manufactured to be resistant to impact as well as deterioration and fading from UV light exposure and the elements. The color polymer shall be white, black, or grey. Strips may alternatively be manufactured of alum inum no thicker than 0.080 inches. If manufactured of aluminum, the strips shall include no sharp corners. The width of reflective sheeting on the face of strips shall be a minimum of four (4)-inches. If manufactured of aluminum, the entire face of the strips shall be covered by sheeting. Plastic strips may be manufactured to an overall maximum width equal to the width of sheeting applied to the face of the strips plus ½ -inch with a maximum of ¼ -inch of the face of the strips extending beyond the edge of the reflective sheeting on each side. All strips shall have reflective sheeting applied completely to the end of the strips on the top and bottom. Different combinations of different length strips will be allowed in order to meet the seventy -two ( 72)-inch typical overall length shown on the Standard Detail; however, the shortest standard -length strip allowed shall be eighteen ( 18)-inches. The strip system shall be designed to allow adjacent strips to be butted end to end and fastened in place with no gap between the ends of the strips. Different models of strips designed to attach to the web side only, flange side only, or either the web or flange side of u -channel posts shall be allowed with a description of each specific model to be posted on the APL . Completely flat panels shall also be allowed and shall be required for S or W beam post, as well as square tube applications. Strips intended for application to the flange side of u -channel posts shall be designed to resist warping when fastened in place . The retroreflective sheeting used on strips shall be a material listed on the latest WVDOH APL for retroreflective sheeting. The color sheeting to be applied to the strips will be specified in the Plans. The sheeting shall be Type ASTM -XI if the sheet ing is to be colored fluorescent - yellow or fluorescent -yellow -green. Otherwise, the sheeting shall be Type ASTM -IV. Strips shall be supplied with sheeting pre -installed by the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall supply or provide specifications for all hardware required for installation. All metal hardware shall be manufactured of stainless, zinc plated, or galvanized steel, or shall be manufactured of aluminum. 861 715.9.4.1 -Product Submission and Approval: Strips to be considered for inclusion on the Di vision APL shall be submitted to the Materials Division following the current procedures specified by the Division in MP 106.00.02. The manufacturer should include all relevant documentation and information, including but not limited to Product Data Sheets , Product Flyers, Manufacturer Product Specifications, Product Bulletins, and Engineering Drawings. As part of the approval process, the strip manufacturer shall be required to submit a copy of a letter of assurance which addresses reflective sheeting co mpatibility and application procedures. This letter shall be addressed from the reflective sheeting manufacturer to the strip manufacturer. A separate letter shall be required from each sheeting manufacturer that the manufacturer anticipates utilizing. The language of the letter shall provide sufficient indication, in the Division’s judgement, that a) the sheeting manufacturer is aware of the intended application and has determined that the reflective sheeting to be utilized is suitable for use with the pro duct, and b) the reflective sheeting manufacturer has reviewed their recommended reflective sheeting application procedures with the manufacturer. In addition to the above, field evaluation installations may be required prior to approval. In order for th e device to be approved, evaluation installations installed by or for the Division shall demonstrate levels of durability, reliability, performance, and ease of installation/repair determined to be acceptable to Division evaluation personnel. The duration of the field evaluations shall typically be a minimum of six months to one year. Specific details related to this testing, such as locations and quantities, shall be determined by the Division. Initial and typical repair material costs associated with the device shall also be considered as part of the evaluation. 715.9.5 -Warning Lights: The purpose of this specification is to provide minimum requirements for light -emitting warning lights used for warning purposes in roadway work zones. 715.9.5.1 -Type s of Warning Lights: Types of warning lights include any device which emits light, either in a flashing or steady burn mode , using any power source (electrical, solar, etc.). The lights include, among others, incandescent lamps, light emitting diodes (LED), neon, and halogen lamps. Types of warning lights are categorized as follows:
a.Type A: low intensity flashing warning lights
b.Type B: high intensity flashing warning lights
c.Type C: steady burn warning lights
d.Type D: 360 -degree steady burn warning lights 715.9.5.2 -General Requirements: 715.9.5.2.1 -Internal and External Illumination: The warning lights shall be internally illuminated by means of a light source behind a lens and, for Type A and C devices, shall be externally illuminated b y retroreflective elements built into the lens to enable warning lights to be seen by retro -reflection of the light from the headlights of oncoming vehicles. The type B device may have a retro -reflective ring of prismatic tape or built in elements that mee t the requirements of Section 715.9.5.10. 862 715.9.5.2.2 -Battery Operation and Battery Protection: When the device is to be operated by battery, the battery must be entirely enclosed in a weatherproof case that is constructed of steel or any other material such as high -impact plastics suitable for use along roadway work zones. The case shall be secured by a locking device. The battery may be replaceable or rechargeable using, for example, solar collectors or an AC power source. 715.9.5.2.3 -AC power Operat ion: When the device is to be operated by a 120 -volt, 60Hz power supply, the unit shall be supplied with a separate ground wire and shall be protected with suitable fuses. At no time shall the effective intensity of the light have a value greater than 500 candelas. The connections and equipment used shall be in accordance with the pertinent current standards of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, the American Society for Testing Materials, and the National Board of Fire Underwriters. In those areas where there are pertinent local ordinances and requirements, the wiring, material, and installation procedures shall comply with the local requirements. 715.9.5.3 -Flash Requirements: 715.9.5.3.1 -Flash Rate: The light from Type A and Type B devices shall have a flash rate of 65 (+/ - 10) flashes per minute for temperatures between -20°F to 150°F regardless of the power source. 715.9.5.3.2 -ON-time:
a.Definition: ON -time is defined as the period of the flash where instantaneous intensity is equal to or greater than the effective intensity as specified in Section 715.9.5.4.1.2.
b.Type A: The light shall have an ON -time of not less than 10 percent (10%) of the flash cycle.
c.Type B: The light shall have an On -time of not less than 8 percent (8%) of the flash cycle.
d.Maximum allowable ON -time for either Type A or Type B lights shall be 50 percent (50%) . 715.9.5.4 -Optical Requirements: 715.9.5.4.1 -Photometry: 715.9.5.4.1.1 -Light Distribution: The light distribution for Types A, B and C shall have a minimum lateral width of 9 degrees and a minimum vertical height of 5 degrees from the optical axis of the system. Within these confines, minimum candela requirements, as specified in Sections 715.9. 5.4.1.2.1 through 715.9.5.4.1.2.3, shall be met. The light distribution for Type D shall be 360 degrees in the horizontal plane and shall be a minimum of 5 degrees vertical from the horizontal plane. Within these confines, minimum candela requirements, a s specified in Section 715.9.5.4.1.2.4, shall be met. 715.9.5.4.1.2 -Minimum Candela Requirements: 715.9.5.4.1.2.1 -Type A: For Type A the effective luminous intensity shall not drop below 4.0 candelas within the area specified in Section 715.9.5.4.1.1 , during the first 336 hours of continuous flashing. 715.9.5.4.1.2.2 -Type B: For Type B the effective luminous intensity shall not drop below 35 candelas within the area specified in Section 715.9.5.4.1.1 during the first 168 863 hours of continuous flashin g. During the hours of darkness, the effective intensity may be reduced by a maximum of 50 percent (50%) . 715.9.5.4.1.2.3 -Type C: For Type C the luminous intensity shall not drop below 2.0 candelas within the area specified in Section 715.9.5.4.1.1 duri ng the first 168 hours of continuous burning. 715.9.5.4.1.2.4 -Type D: For Type D the luminous intensity on a horizontal plane shall not drop below 1.0 candelas. At 5 degrees vertical from the horizontal plane, the luminous intensity shall not drop below 0.5 candelas. This performance shall be met throughout the first 168 ho urs of continuous burning. Type D steady burn warning lights shall be visible on a clear night from a distance of 3,000 feet. 715.9.5.4.2 -Testing Procedures: 715.9.5.4.2.1 -Type A and Type B Effective Intensity: The effective intensity of Type A and Typ e B lights shall be calculated using the “Guide for Calculating the Effective Intensity of Flashing Signal Lights,” published in the November 1964 edition of Illuminating Engineering magazine, by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, or la test revision. 715.9.5.4.2.2 -Type C and Type D Effective Intensity : The intensity of the Type C and Type D lights shall be tested as set forth in the current edition of SAE Standard J575 (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Lighting Equipment and Pho tometric Tests). 715.9.5.4.2.3 -Retro -reflection: Retro -reflection shall be tested in accordance with the current edition of SAE Standard J594. 715.9.5.4.2.4 -ATSSA Test T -101: Warning devices furnished or approved under this specification shall be tested in accordance with the current edition of ATSSA Test Procedure T -101 (American Traffic Safety Services Association). 715.9.5.4.2.5 -Disabling of Solar Collectors: If the device uses a solar collector, the collector shall be disabled by either cove ring the collector or disconnecting it for the entire test period. 715.9.5.5 -Lens Requirements: The following section applies to devices that use a lens. 715.9.5.5.1 -Lens Sizes: 715.9.5.5.1.1 -Types A, B, and C: Type A, B and C device lenses shall no t be less than seven ( 7) inches in diameter, including a retro -reflector ring of 1.2 in ch width around a minimum of 300 degrees of the lens periphery. 715.9.5.5.1.2 -Type D: A Type D device lens shall be 360 degrees circular in the horizontal plane, with a minimum outside diameter of three ( 3) inches and a minimum height of three ( 3) inches, including mounting flanges. 864 715.9.5.5.2 -Lens Directionalities: 715.9.5.5.2.1 -Type s A and C: Type A and Type C device lenses shall be either bi - directional or unidirectional. 715.9.5.5.2.2 -Type B: A Type B device lens shall be unidirectional. 715.9.5.5.2.3 -Type D: A Type D device shall have a 360 degree dome lens. 715.9.5.5.3 -Lens Chromaticity: The chromaticity of the lens colors and retro - reflective colors shall be tested using a light source with a color temperature ranging between 2600 deg K and 2856 deg K. The chromaticity of lenses and the emitted light from both yellow an d red warning lights, and of both yellow and red retro -reflectors, shall conform to the chromaticity requirements of Section 8.04 and Figure 1 of the ITE Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Head standard. The wavelength spectra distribution of the light source shall be within the range of 500 nm to 650 nm. 715.9.5.5.4 -Lens Retroreflector Performance: The specific intensity of the retro - reflector, when provided, shall meet the requirements as specified in Section 715.9.5.10. 715.9.5.5.5 -Lens Material: The lens shall be of one -piece construction. The lens shall be manufactured using materials such as plastic capable of meeting the chromaticity requirements of this specification. The lens material shall meet the test requirements set forth in t he most recent edition of SAE Standard J576 (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Lighting Equipment and Photometric Test). For the purposes of this specification, the exposure time and conditions of paragraph 3.4.3, SAE Standard J576, shall be for one y ear (365 calendar days). 715.9.5.6 -Head and Housing Requirements: 715.9.5.6.1 -Swivel Heads: If swivel capabilities as described in this Section are not incorporated in the device used to mount a Type A or Type C light to any channelizing device, barrier, or a sign, the head shall be mounted on the housing in a manner permitting it to be swiveled through a minimum 90 degree arc in a horizontal plane. If swiveling is to be accomplished by rotating the head, the design of the device head and its cons truction shall be such that rotating the head will not result in damaging any circuitry or wiring. If the lens assembly rotates around the light source, the photometrics shall meet the requirements of Section 715.9.5.9. 715.9.5.6.2 -Housing: 715.9.5.6.2 .1-Definition: Housing is defined as the case containing the battery and may contain the circuitry. 715.9.5.6.2.2 -Material: The housing, when constructed of steel, shall be constructed of No. 18 U.S. Standard Gauge Steel. The housing may be made of any other material such as high -impact plastics suitable for use along roadway work zones. 715.9.5.6.3 -Painting: The housing and the lens frame, if constructed using corrodible metal, shall be properly cleaned, degreased and pretreated to promote adhesion. It shall be given one or more coats of enamel which, when dry, shall completely obscure the metal 865 substrate. The enamel coating shall be of such quality that when the coated case is struck a light blow with a sharp tool, the paint shall not chip or crack, and if scratched with a knife shall not powder. 715.9.5.6.4 -Weatherproofing: The case shall be constructed and closed as to exclude moisture that would affect the specified operation of the light. The case shall have a weep hole to allow the escape of moisture. 715.9.5.6.5 -Sun Shield Visor: All Type B Warning Lights shall incorporate a sun shield visor for the purpose of enhancing visibility during daylight conditions. The visor shall encircle a minimum of 77 -1/2 degrees of the face of the lens in e ach direction from a datum point at the top of the lens face. At the datum point, the lens shall extend a minimum of 4-3/4” out from the face of the lens. At the ends of the visor, as measured in degrees in each direction from the above described datum poi nt, the visor shall extend a minimum of 1-1/2” out from the face of the lens. 715.9.5.7 -Photoelectric Controls: Photoelectric controls, when provided, shall keep the device operating whenever the ambient light level falls below 215 lux. 715.9.5.8 -Testing and Certification, Quality, and Marking: 715.9.5.8.1 -Testing and Certification of New Warning Lights: Warning lights furnished or approved for use under this specification shall be statistically represented by units that have been tested and approved as to conformance to these specifications by an independent accredited testing organization. Certification as to conformance to these specifications shall be provided upon request and will be furnished by the manufacturer as substantiat ed by testing results from an independent accredited testing laboratory or organization. Warning lights tested and approved as described above shall be retested for compliance and recertification when required or when the supplier makes changes to any aspect of the light -emitting warning devices covered by this specification. For example, whenever any changes are made in the lens, light source, or circuitry. 715.9.5.8.2 -Quality: All electrical components, the quality of the materials used, and the workma nship of all warning lights furnished for use and certified as to the conformance to this specification shall be the same as that of models approved under this specification. 715.9.5.8.2 -Marking: Each device shall be plainly marked as to type (A, B, C o r D), the manufacturer’s or customer’s name, model number or name, and label or marking stating it meets the requirements of the Institute of Traffic Engineers “Purchase Specification for Flashing and Steady Burn Warning Lights”. The location of the label or marking may be internal or external to the housing, and may be placed on the outside of the circuit and/or lamp holder assembly. 866 715.9.5.9 -Summary Information: Type A Low Intensity Type B High Intensity Type C Steady Burn Type D Steady Burn Lens Directional Faces 1 or 2 1 1 or 2 360 ⁰ Flash Rate Per Minute 55 to 75 55-75 NA NA Minimum On -Time 10% 8% NA NA Minimum Effective Luminous Intensity* 4.0 Candelas (yellow); 1.0 Candelas (Red) 35 Candelas** (yellow) 12 Candelas** (red) NA NA Minimum Luminous Intensity* NA NA 2.0 Candelas 1.0 to 0.5 Candelas Hours of Required Operation* Dusk to dawn 24 hours/day Dusk to dawn Dusk to dawn * These values shall be maintained within the areas as specified in Section 715.9.5.4.1 ** During hours of darkness, the effective intensity may be reduced by a maximum of 50% 715.9.5.10 -Retroreflector Requirements: Observation Angle Entrance Angle Yellow Luminous Intensity (Candelas/lux) Red Luminous Intensity (Candelas/lux) 0.2 20 degrees left 0.9 0.23 0.2 10 degrees left 1.31 0.33 0.2 0 degrees 1.67 0.42 0.2 10 degrees right 1.31 0.33 0.2 20 degrees right 0.9 0.23 715.9.5.11 -Approved Products Listing: Warning Lights utilized as part of WVDOH Construction projects must be included on the WVDOH Approved Products Listing (APL) for Warning Lights. A list of approved products and their code numbers may be obtained by contacting: West Virginia Division of Hig hways Material Controls, Soil and Testing Division 190 Dry Branch Road Charleston, WV 25306 715.9.6 -Portable Sign Stands: Portable sign stands shall be designed for use with temporary traffic control signs manufactured of rigid aluminum, rigid composite, and/or flexible roll -up materials. Portable sign stands shall be designed and tested to meet the following requirements:
i.Shall provide for a minimum sign mounting height of one (1) foot for thirty -six (36) inch and forty -eight (48) inch diamond signs above the surface that the base of the stand is resting on. 867 ii. Stands shall be self -supporting and shall remain stable by incorpo rating a base design, such as an x -footprint leg design or weighted components, in order to provide adequate wind resistance. iii. When using thirty -six (36) inch diamond signs and forty -eight (48) inch diamond signs, the side to side footprint taken up by the stand base shall not exceed thirty -six (36) inches and sixty (60) inches, respectively. iv. When using thirty -six (36) inch diamond signs and forty -eight (48) inch diamond signs, the stand shall remain in place, upright, and oriented correctly in wind gusts cr eated by typical 55 MPH and 70 MPH speed limit traffic, respectively. The stand’s mechanism of wind spilling shall not result in the sign being oriented such that the sign message is illegible to drivers for excessive durations.
v.Shall be “crashworthy” when utilized in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, and when impacted from any angle. “Crashworthy” shall be defined as meeting the crash testing performance requirements of the 2016 edition AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) at Test Levels 1, 2, and 3. Manufacturer recommendations for use of the stands shall be within th e scope of the successful crash testing. Scope shall include parameters such as size, weight, placement, and material makeup of potential device attachments, including signs; location, weight, and material makeup of additional device ballast; etc. Manufact urer instructions regarding such parameters may be outside the scope of testing only if allowed for in a supporting FHWA eligibility letter or by written guidance or policy issued by the FHWA or AASHTO. 715.9.6.1 -Product Submission and Approval: Stands to be considered for inclusion on the Division’s Approved Products List (APL) shall be submitted to the Materials Division following the current procedures specified in MP 106.00.02. The Division maintains an APL of MASH compliant stands only. Stands utili zed based on compliance with NCHRP -350 are not required to be listed on an APL. The manufacturer should include all relevant documentation and information, including but not limited to Product Data Sheets, Product Flyers, Manufacturer Product Specifications, Product Bulletins, Engineering Drawings, and crash testing performance documentation. The crash testing performance documentation to be submitted shall be in accordance with official guidance issued by the WVDOH. Approvals of stands may be rescinded based on performance on Division projects determined to be non -compliant with these specifications.
715.10 Prefabricated Drainage Systems :
715.10.1 Prefabricated Pavement Edge Drain:
715.10.1 1-General: Prefabricated pavement edge drain shall be a flexible rectangular
hollow mat consisting of a supporting polymeric drainage core encased in an engineering fabric envelope and having sufficient flexibility to withstand installation bending and handling with out damage.
715.10.1 2-Core: The drainage core shall be constructed from a polymeric material,
have a minimum thickness of ¾ inch and a minimum compressive strength of 3,000 pounds per square foot with a maximum deflection of 20 percent (20%) determine d by ASTM D1621, except the sample size may be increased to a maximum of twelve ( 12) inch
Source: West Virginia Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2023 Edition. Pages 862–889 of 1,006.