501.01 310 500 STRUCTURES ITEM 501 STRUCTURES —GENERAL
501.01 General
501.02 Verification of Dimensions
501.03 Notification of Fabricator
501.04 Shop Drawings
501.05 Submittal of Engineered Drawings
501.06 Test Reports
501.0 7 Welded Attachments
501.01 General. This specification includes the general requirements for
building the variou s items that constitute the completed structure. Perform the work, including fabrication, erection, and construction, so that the entire structure and all its component parts will function as designed.
501.02 Verification of Dimensions. Verify that all dim ensions established by
the Engineer are correct.
501.03 Notification of Fabricator. When furnishing materials under Items 513,
515, 516, 517, and 518, select a fabricator from the pre -qualified fabricators list in effect the date of the Contract letting. Before or at the preconstruction conference, provide a written notification to the DCA and OMM of the selected steel fabricators and precast concrete fabricators.
501.04 Shop Drawings. Provide shop drawings detailing structural steel, metal
structural elem ents, prestressed concrete members, precast concrete structural elements, and other similar materials requiring either shop or field fabrication. Include the PID (Project Identification Number).
A.Contractor Acceptance of Shop Drawings for Items 513 and 515. Submit shop drawings to the OMM and the District Office of Planning and Engineering before the start of fabrication on Item 513, UF Level or at least 3 days before the pre-fabrication meeting, per 513.07 or 515.07 as follows : For structures carrying railroad traffic, submit four copies of the prepared shop drawings at least 40 days prior to the pre -fabrication meeting to each railroad company involved for review and approval. Resolve all railroad comments prior to submitting drawings to OMM. The submi ssion to OMM shall include one set of shop drawings accepted by each railroad company involved; copies of all documentation between the railroad(s) and the Contractor; four sets of Contractor accepted shop drawings, and the Contractor’s written acceptance letter. Also furnish the fabricator’s quality control specialist with one additional set of these drawings before the pre -fabrication meeting. For all other structures, the submission to OMM shall include a written acceptance letter and four copies of eac h drawing, unless additional copies are requested. Also, furnish the fabricator’s quality control specialist with one additional set of these drawings before the pre -fabrication meeting. 501.04 311 Have competent individuals prepare and check the shop drawings . The preparer(s) and checker(s) shall initial each sheet and shall be different individuals. Provide, on the cover sheet or submittal letter, the first name, last name and initials of each preparer and checker performing work on the shop drawings. Have an Ohio Registered Engineer sign, seal and date the shop drawing cover sheet or submittal letter according to ORC 4733 and OAC 4733 -35 confirming that the shop drawings meet the intent of the contract. If multiple preparers or multiple checkers created the drawing, then the cover sheet or submittal letter shall clearly indicate the portions for which each person is responsible. Have all questions and comments addressed before submitting the shop drawings. The Contractor’s written acceptance letter shall doc ument acceptance of the shop drawings including confirmation of field verification, as required, and descriptions of issues resolved between the Contractor, the fabricator, or the Department. By accepting these shop drawings, the Contractor represents to t he Department that all dimensions and elevations of existing conditions shown on the plans have been field measured and verified, and that these shop drawings comply with all the materials requirements, construction requirements, contract requirements, and performance criteria. The Contractor further represents that these drawings have been coordinated and verified with the details of the work to be performed by other fabricators and entities on the project. The Department will not make any allowance for ad ditional cost or delays to the Contractor for incorrect fabrication as a result of failure to coordinate or perform this acceptance. If the Department requests changes on these shop drawings, or the Contractor makes changes in addition to those expressly r equested, revise the shop drawings and submit a new cover sheet, signed, sealed and dated by an Ohio Registered Engineer with suitable revision marks to identify the changes. Schedule the pre -fabrication meeting after OMM receives the drawings. Fabrication may begin after the pre -fabrication meeting is complete or after receipt of Item 513, UF Level drawings.
B.Fabricator Coordination of Shop Drawings for Items 516, 517, and 518. The Contractor and fabricator must coordinate these shop drawings. Ensure tha t shop drawings meet requirements for materials, field measurements, construction requirements, contract requirements, performance criteria, and similar data. The coordination must also include details of the work to be performed by other fabricators and e ntities on the project. The Department will not make allowance for additional cost or delays to the Contractor for incorrect fabrication as a result of failure to coordinate or perform this coordination. Submit two copies of the shop drawings to the Engine er and one copy to the District Office of Planning and Engineering with the materials delivered to the project. Do not incorporate material into the work until after submitting the drawings. Department approval of these shop drawings is not required .
C.Shop Drawing General Requirements. Specific requirements are specified in Item 513, 515, 516, 517, or 518. 501.05 312 Shop drawings shall be neatly and accurately drawn on 11 x 17 inch or 22 x 34-inch (280 x 432 mm or 559 x 864 mm) sheets. Submit the shop drawings electronically in pdf format .
501.05 Submittal of Engineered Drawings . Design and pe rform all procedures
as directed by the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges or the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications except as modified below: Perform daily inspections to ensure the work governed by the Engineered Drawing is f unctioning as designed. Report malfunctioning work to the Engineer immediately .
A.Projects with Railroad Involvement. Prepare and provide Engineered Drawings listed in this section as follows: Have competent individuals prepare, check and initial each Engineered Drawing. The preparer and checker shall be different individuals. Provide, on the cover sheet or submittal letter, the first name, last name and initials of each preparer and checker per forming work on the Engineered Drawings. Have an Ohio Registered Engineer sign, seal , and date the cover sheet or submittal letter according to ORC 4733 and OAC 4733 -35. If multiple preparers or multiple checkers created the drawing , then the cover sheet or submittal letter shall clearly indicate the portions for which each person is responsible. Submit Engineered Drawings to all involved railway companies at least 50 days before planned construction begins. Obtain acceptance f rom all involved railroad companies. Furnish the Engineer copies of all correspondence with the railroad, documentation of railroad acceptance and the Engineered Drawings accepted by the railroad. After all involved railroad companies have accepted the Engineered Drawings, schedule an Engineered Drawing meeting to be held within 14 days of the work. The signato ry Engineer responsible for the Engineered Drawing design, the Quality Control Representative (QCR) (if designated), the Superintendent, the Engineer and the Inspector will participate in the meeting in person, via conference call or via video conference. The superintendent or other on-site personnel and the QCR may be the same person. The Engineer will invite the responsible designer of the Plans for assistance and the Railroad Field Representative . The purpose of the meeting shall be to review the drawing s; resolve a ll issues to the Engineer’s satisfaction and ensure all parties are in agreement with the work to commence. At the conclusion of the meeting, the Engineer will provide a written response to the submittal in accordance with C&MS 105.02. Do not b egin work until the Engineer’s acceptance has been received. Perform all work in accordance with the ODOT accepted Engineered Drawings. The Signatory Engineer shall be available during the work to confirm that all work and equipment is in accordance with the Engineered Drawings. Alternatively, the Signatory Engineer may designate an on -site Quality Control Representative with the authorit y to confirm all the work and equipment as authorized is in accordance with the Engineered Drawings. The limits of the QCR’s authority will be determined by the Signatory Engineer and put into writing prior to proceeding with associated work. 501.05 313 The Signator y Engineer or the QCR shall respond in writing to all clarifications of plan conformance requested by the Engineer or Inspector during the progress of the work. The Department will consider a failure to respond to a clarification request as a deviation to the accepted Engineered Drawings. Immediately cease all operations that deviate from the ODOT accepted Engineered Drawings. If a deviation is necessary, prepare revised Engineered Drawings as noted above and furnish the Engineer a copy of revis ed Engineered Drawings including documentation of acceptance from all involved railroad companies . Schedule an Engineered Drawing meeting as noted above to be held 24 hours, or less at the discretion of the Engineer, after submitting the revised railroad accepted drawings. At the conclusion of the meeting, the Engineer will provide a written response to the submittal in accordance with C&MS 105.02. Do not begin work until the Engineer’s acceptance has been received. The Department will consider delays resulting from Engineered Drawing deviations as non -excusable in accordance with 108.06.E . This section applies to Engineered Drawings for the following:
1.Bracing adjacent to the railroad tracks. Perform work according to
501.05 B.1.
2.Demolition of structures over or within 14 feet of railroad tracks. Perform work according to 501.05.B.2.
3.Erection of structural members over or within 14 feet of railroad tracks. Perform work according to 501.05.B.4.
B.Projects without Railroad Involvement. Prepare and provide Engineered Drawings listed in this section as follows: Have competent individuals prepare , check and initial each Engineered Drawing. The preparer and checker shall be different individuals. Provide, on the cover sheet or submittal letter, the first name, last name and initials of each preparer and checker performing work on the Engineered Drawings. Have an Ohio Registered Engineer prepare, sign, seal and date the cover sheet or submittal letter according to ORC 4733 and OAC 4733 -35. If multiple preparers or multiple checkers created the drawing, then the cover sheet or submittal letter shall clearly indicate the portions for which each pe rson is responsible. Schedule an Engineered Drawing meeting to be held within 14 days of the work. Submit Engineered Drawings to the Engineer at least 7 days prior to the meeting. The signatory Engineer responsible for the design, QCR if designated), the Superintendent, the E ngineer and the Inspector will participate in the meeting in person, via conference call or via video conference. The superintendent or other on- site personnel and the QCR may be the same person. The Engineer will invite the designer of the contract Plans for assistance. The purpose of the meeting shall be to review the drawings; resolve all issues to the Engineer’s satisfaction and ensure all parties are in agreement with the work to commence. At the conclusion of the meeting, the Engineer will provide a w ritten response to the submittal in accordance with C&MS 105.02. Do not begin work until the Engineer’s acceptance has been received. 501.05 314 Perform all work in accordance with the accepted Engineered Drawings. The Signatory Engineer sh all be available during the work to confirm that all work and equipment is in accordance with the Engineered Drawings. Alternatively, the Signatory Engineer may designate an on -site QCR with the authority to confirm the work and equipment as authorized is in accordance with the Engineered Drawings. The limits of the QCR’s authority will be determined by the Signatory Engineer and put into writing prior to proceeding with associated work. The Signatory Engineer or the QCR shall respond in writing to all clarifications of plan conformance requested by the Engineer or Inspector during the progress of the work. The Department will consider a failure to respond to a clarification request as a deviation to the accepted Engineered Drawings. Immediately cease all operations that deviate from the accepted Engineered Drawings . If a deviation is necessary, prepare revised Engineered Drawings as noted above and furnish the Engineer a copy of revised Engineered Drawings . Schedule an Engineered Drawing meeting as noted above to be held 24 hours , or less at the discretion of the Engineer, after submitting the revised drawings. At the conclusion of the meeting, the Engineer will provide a written response to the submittal in accordance with C&MS 105.02. Do not begin work until the Engineer’s acceptance has been received. The Department will consider delays resulting from Engineered Drawings deviations as non -excusable in accordance with 108. 06.E. This section applies to Engineered Drawings for the following:
1.Cofferdams and Excavation Bracing . If a complete design is not provided in the plans , provide Engineered Drawings for excavations when the edge line of a roadway used to maintain traffic is l ocated within a distance of one -half times the excavation height or for excavations that expose any side of an excavation to a height exceeding eight feet. The Contractor may construct the design(s) shown on the plans without an Engineered Drawing submitt al or prepare an alternate design. Submit Engineered Drawings for all alternate Cofferdam and Excavation Bracing designs. Perform all Work as specified below:
a.Locate Cofferdams and Excavation Bracing according to the contract, if shown.
b.Maintain temp orary horizontal and vertical clearances according to the contract.
c.Include the effects of AASHTO live , dead and temporary construction load surcharges as necessary.
d.Design Cofferdams and Excavation Bracing to support the sides and bottom of an e xcavation for all phases of work in accordance with the latest AASHTO Guide Design Specifications for Bridge Temporary Works, Section 4 and the latest edition of either the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications or the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges. 501.05 315 2. Demolition of Bridges or portions of Bridges in which the work endangers the public welfare, or life, health or property . Perform all Work as specified below:
a.Provide temporary devices or structures necessary to protect traffic during all demolition activities. Provide traffic protection when demolition is located less than 12' horizontally from active traffic on structures of less th an 25' vertical clearance. Increase the 12' minimum horizontal distance 1 foot for each 2 feet of additional height greater than 25'.
b.Never lift the portions of structure being removed over active traffic. Before releasing traffic make the remaining str ucture stable.
c.Design traffic protection devices or structures when over live traffic, for a minimum load of 50 pounds per square foot plus the weight of equipment, debris and any other load to be carried. Include any portion of the deck that cantilever s beyond the fascia beams or girders.
d.In lieu of temporary devices or structures required in “a .” above, provide a vertical barrier. Design the vertical barrier with rigid or flexible materials specifically designed for demolition containment. Extend t he enclosure up to the bottom of the deck and down to the ground. Maintain all materials free of tears, cuts and holes.
e.Maintain temporary horizontal and vertical clearances according to the contract.
f.Locate structural members to be reused before performing any removal operations.
g.Do not damage structural members being reused during any removal operation.
h.Perform Work so that all members are stable during all operation and loading conditions.
i.Provide the method and sequence of the removal operations. Include the type and location of equipment to be used during the demolition.
j.Perform Work according to 501.05.B.6.
3.Falsework for cast -in-place concrete slab bridges. Perform all work according to 508 and as specified below:
a.Provide a camber table to account for the deflection of the falsework loaded with its self weight and the weight of wet concrete. Also include in the table, the specified camber to compensate for slab defle ction after the falsework is released.
b.Maintain temporary horizontal and vertical clearances according to the contract.
c.As a minimum design falsework over waterways for a five year flood or with 75 percent of the effective waterway opening of the pro posed structure. The Contractor is responsible for any damages caused by upstream flooding due to 501.05 316 insufficient temporary structure size or the accumulation of debris or sediment in the channel.
d.Support falsework foundations located within the ten year flood limits on rock, shale or piles driven to a minimum depth of 15 feet, and to sufficient penetration to carry superimposed loads or until refusal on rock.
e.The incorporation of structural steel shapes, used as temporary support members, into a finish ed concrete slab superstructure is prohibited.
f.Design falsework in accordance with the latest AASHTO Guide Design Specifications for Bridge Temporary Works, Section 2.
4.Erection of steel or precast concrete structural members as specified below:
a.Never lift structural members over active traffic. Before releasing traffic make structural members stable
b.Supply any temporary supports or braces necessary to maintain structural stability and prevent lateral movement until completion of all const ruction activities.
c.Perform Work according to 501.05.B.6, 513 or 515.
d.Do not field weld temporary members to permanent steel members.
e.Maintain temporary horizontal and vertical clearances according to the contract.
f.Provide drawings with at lea st the following information:
1.Site Plan of the work area showing permanent support structures (piers and abutments); roads; railroad tracks; waterways; overhead and underground utilities; and other information pertinent to erection.
2.Erection sequen ce for all members, noting any temporary support conditions, such as holding crane positions, temporary supports, falsework etc. Member reference marks, when reflected on the erection plans, should be the same used on the shop drawings.
3.Primary member delivery location and orientation.
4.Maintenance of Traffic during erection operations.
5.Location of each crane for each primary member pick, showing radius and crane support (barges, mats, etc.).
6.Capacity chart , Counter Weights, Make and Model for each possible lifting equipment configuration and boom length used in the work.
7.Center of gravity locations for primary member.
8.Rigging weights, capacity and arrangement for primary member picks.
9.Lifting weight of primary member picks, including all rigging and pre -attached elements. 501.05 317 (10) Details of any temporary lifting devices to be bolted or welded to permanent members, including method and time (shop or field) of attachment; capacity; and method, time, and responsibility for removal.
11.Blocking details for bridge bearings.
12.24 Hour Contact Phone Number of the Signatory Engineer and QCR (if designated) .
5.Jacking and support of existing structures as specified below:
a.Support the structure on temporary supports and brace as necessary to maintain structural stability and prevent lateral movement until completion of the permanent supports. Do not rely on jacks lifting system alone,(e.g. hydraulic system), to support the structure except during the actual jacking operation. Remove all temporary supports upon completion of the jacking procedure.
b.Maintain a maximum differential jacking heigh t of 1/4 inch between any adjacent beam lines.
c.Maintain a maximum differential jacking height of 1 inch between any adjacent abutments or piers.
d.Place jacks and any load plates at least 2 inches from the edges of any concrete substructure seats.
e.Do not field weld temporary members to permanent steel members.
f.Maintain temporary horizontal and vertical clearances according to the contract.
6.When the total load applied to a structure during construction, (new or structure being rehabilitated), e xceeds 75 percent of the legal limit, (The Legal Limit is 80,000 lbs. or percentage thereof if posted), the load effects on the structure shall be analyzed based on the operating level calculated by the Load Factor Rating Method as given in the AASHTO Manu al for Bridge Evaluation.
7.Structures for maintaining traffic in accordance with Item 502.
a.For structures located over or within 14 feet of railroad tracks, submit plans in accordance with 501.05.A.
b.Perform Work according to 501.05.B.6 .
C.Corrective Work . Unless otherwise noted, before performing corrective work on structure items, 507,511,513,515,516,517 and 524, prepare a Corrective Work Plan (CWP ). Submit three copies of the CWP to the Engineer for acceptance 30 days, or less at the discretion of the Engineer before construction begins. Have an Ohio Registered Engineer prepare, sign, seal and date each CWP. Obtain Department acceptance before beginning corrective work Perform all Work in accordance with the accepted CWP. Immediately cease all operations that deviated from the accepted CWP. If a deviation is necessary, furnish the Engineer three copies of a revised CWP. The revised CWP shall be signed, sealed and dated by an Ohio Registered Engineer. Obtain Department acceptance of revised CWP prior to performi ng corrective work. 501.06 318 Perform all corrective work, including the preparation of the CWP and revisions at no expense to the Department. The Contractor shall reimburse the Department for all CWP review costs of the Designer of Record. The Department will cons ider delays resulting from all corrective work as non -excusable in accordance with 108.06E .
501.06 Test Reports
A.Contractor Acceptance of Materials for Item 513. Submit certified test data to the Director showing compliance with the requirements of Item 711. Accompany all certified test data with copies of mill shipping notices or invoices showing the quantity and size of material being accepted. Check this material data and provide a letter of written acceptance. Submit the material data and letter of wr itten acceptance to the Director so that the Director receives them at least 7 days before final shop inspection Item 513, Levels 1 through 6 or before final shop inspection Item 513, UF Level. Submit a single copy of this material data for each structure, except where the structure carries railway traffic. Submit one additional copy to each railway company involved. Additionally for Item 513, Levels 1 through 6 structural steel members, submit one copy of main material, certified test data with a letter do cumenting the QCFS acceptance to the QA shop inspector before the material passes check point one. The Department will not accept materials for final inspection at the fabrication shop until the Director receives the Contractor accepted material data.
B.Fabricator Certification of Materials for Items 516, 517, and 518. Ensure that a letter of certification accompanies the fabricated material shipped to the job site, in a format approved by the Director, stating all materials conform to contract requiremen ts. For these materials, the fabricator must retain certified test data, copies of mill shipping notices, or invoices showing the quantity and size of material being accepted. This data shall provide complete traceability to the producing mill and proof of domestic origin, as required by ORC 153.011. Do not deliver materials to the project without the certification letter.
501.07 Welded Attachments . Prepare and provide a detailed request showing
weld size, length, type and location for welding permanent or temporary attachments to main structural members not shown or permitted by contract. Submit request to the Office of Structural Engineering at least 20 days before construction begins. Obtain acceptance before performing work. Perform work according to 51 3. 502.01 319 ITEM 502 STRUCTURES FOR MAINTAINING TRAF FIC
502.01 Description
502.02 Design and Construction
502.03 Maintenance
502.04 Removal
502.05 Basis of Payment
502.01 Description. This work consists of preparing plans, providing,
maintaining, and subsequently removing temporary structures.
502.02 Design and Construction. As a minimum, design the temporary
structure for a 5 -year flood or with 75 percent of the effective waterway opening of the proposed structure. The Contractor is responsible for an y damages caused by upstream flooding due to insufficient temporary structure size or the accumulation of debris or sediment in the channel. Provide a clear roadway width of at least 23 feet (7.0 m) measured from face to face of guardrails. If the existing structure or approaches or both have sidewalks provide at least one sidewalk at least 5 feet (1.2
m.wide with adequate connections to existing walks and in compliance with accessibility standards. Design the temporary structure according to the AASHTO LR FD Bridge Design Specifications except that the design live loading, HL -93 may be reduced by 25 percent. Submit working drawings in accordance with 501.05. Drive piling to sufficient penetration to carry the superimposed loads according to Item 507, but no t less than 24 tons (24 metric tons) per pile. Perform dynamic load testing to determine required blow count if piles are not driven to rock. If the plans state that the existing superstructure may be used instead of new construction, do not alter it to meet either the above width or strength requirements. Instead, move or dismantle and re -erect with sufficient care to avoid any reduction of capacity. If the superstructure has been restricted by posting to loads less than permitted by statute, move the po sting signs to the temporary road, unless the superstructure is strengthened to a legal load capacity. If planning to use the existing superstructure on the temporary road, notify the Engineer at least 3 days before the superstructure is moved to allow the Department to establish a detour. Complete the bridge within 48 hours after traffic has been routed over the detour.
502.03 Maintenance. Maintain all portions of the temporary structure in good
condition with respect to both safety and smoothness for trav el as long as it is needed for maintenance of traffic. Satisfactorily maintain the channel and waterway opening.
502.04 Removal. If the temporary structure is no longer needed, take ownership
and remove it from the site according to Item 202.
502.05 Basis of Payment. Payment is full compensation for erection,
maintenance, performing dynamic load testing, and subsequent removal of temporary structures.
Source: Ohio Construction and Material Specifications, 2019 Edition. Pages 0–0 of 928.