Section 559 — Waterproofing and Sealing
Description
559.01This work consists of providing and installing waterproofing systems on concrete surfaces and sealing concrete surfaces.
Material
559.02Conform to the following Subsections: Blotter 703.12 Penetrating sealant 725.20 Sealants, fillers, and seals 712.01 Waterproofing material 723.02
Construction Requirements
559.03Qualifications. At least 30 days before starting waterproofing work, s ubmit the following for approval:
(a)Waterproofing sys tems. Provide an on- site supervisor, waterproofing system provider, on- site technical representative, and membrane applicator with experience installing waterproofing systems on concrete surfaces.
(1)On-site supervisor. A résumé describing experience on at least three concrete bridge waterproofing projects within the past 5 years. Include project names, a brief description of each project, construction dates and quantities, locations, and contact information for project owners;
(2)Waterproofing system provider. Documentation from the waterproofing system provider describing experience on at least five concrete bridge waterproofing projects within the past 5 years. Include project names, a brief description of each project, construction dates and quantities, locat ions, and contact information for project owners;
(3)On-site technical representative. A résumé describ ing experience on at least three bridge deck waterproofing projects within the past 3 years. Include project names, a brief description of each project, construction dates and quantities, locations, and contact information for project owners; and
(4)Membrane applicator. Manufacturer certification documenting that the membrane applicator is an approved applicator with the required training.
(b)Concrete sealer. A résumé describing experience on at least three concrete bridge sealing operations within the past 5 years. Include project names, a brief description of each project, construction dates and quantities, locations, and contact information for project owners.
559.04General. Conduct a preapplication preparatory phase meeting according to Subsection 153.06(a) at least 7 days before the start of operations. Review QCP procedures with personnel performing the work before start of installation. Store sealers and waterproofing materials in a dry, protected, climate -controlled location, and according to the manufac turer’s recommendations. Do not store rolls standing on end. Protect materials from sparks or flames. Provide accessory materials that are compatible with membrane according to the membrane manufacturer’s recommendations. Protect surfaces, including scuppers, drains, dams, and headers, that will not be waterproofed by masking with oil- resistant, adhesive -backed construction paper. Prevent materials from coating surfaces not receiving or immediately receiving the waterproofing. Upon completion, remove the adhesive-backed construction paper from all surfaces. Provide certification from the waterproofing system provider’s on -site technical representative that the membrane installation complies with the manufacturer’s recommendations .
559.05Substrate Preparation.
(a)Waterproofing membrane. Before waterproofing installation, sound the e ntire bridge deck in the presence of the CO according to ASTM D4580 to identify unsound substrate concrete. Submit repair areas, method, and materials for approval. Repair concrete according to Section 572. Ensure the concr ete surface is free of projections or depressions that might cause puncture of the membrane. Provide a substrate surface profile with less than ¼ -inch projections or depressions or according to the manufacturer ’s recommendations. Provide a clean concrete surface free of contaminants that could interfere with the proper function of the waterproofing system. Do not place membranes on damp or wet concrete. Do not place membranes on new concrete until at least 10 days after completion of the concrete curing pro cess according to Subsection 552.13. Apply waterproofing in dry weather when the concrete substrate and ambient temperatures are at least 40 °F and are expected to remain above 40 °F during application. Do not expose cleaned surfaces to vehicles or equipment other than required by the waterproofing operation. If the deck becomes contaminated before installation, clean the contaminated areas. Before waterproofing placement, ensure that the substrate concrete is clean and dry with a moisture content in the deck substrate less than 5.0 percent as determined by an approved electronic moisture meter. Ensure that the c oncrete substrate is 5 °F above the dew point according to ASTM D4230 before applying the waterproofing system.
(b)Sealers. Clean concrete surface according to manufacturer’s recommendations before application. Do not place sealer on damp or wet concrete. Do not place sealer on new concrete until at least 10 days after completion of the concrete curing process according to Subsection 552.13. Apply sealer in dry weather when the concrete substrate and ambient temperatures are at least 40 °F and are expected to remain above 40 °F during application. Ensure that the c oncrete substrate is 5 °F above the dew point according to ASTM D4230 before applying the sealer .
559.06Primer Application for Waterproofing Membrane Systems. Review QCP procedures with personnel performing the work before starting the primer application. Prevent primer from coating surfaces not receiving or immediately receiving the waterproofing. Monitor ambient temperature, surface temperature, moisture con tent of concrete, and dew point during primer application according to Subsection 559.05. Mix and apply primer according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Continuously agitate the primer during application. Apply prime r starting at the lowest point on bridge deck and work upwards. Work primer up the grade and up the cross slope during application. Overlap start of new day of primer installation over previous day’s primer according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Apply primer to ensure complete coverage. Prevent and remove puddling and excess buildup. If the primed surface becomes contaminated, clean and reapply primer. Cure primer according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Break bubbles in the primer accordi ng to the manufacturer’s recommendations before testing primer bond strength.
559.07Waterproofing Systems. Provide one of the following waterproofing systems:
(a)Seamless spray -applied system. A seamless spray -applied waterproofing system consists of a seamless, cold liquid applied multi- component polymer . The seamless spray -applied system includes primer, elastomeric spray -applied membrane, and an elastomeric membrane topcoat containing broadca st aggregate for the placement of an asphalt concrete pavement wearing course. Monitor ambient temperature, surface temperature, moisture content of concrete, and dew point during spray membrane application according to Sub section 559.05. Provide wind breaks to minimize overspray. Do not apply spray membrane when wind speeds measured 2 feet above the deck exceed 10 miles per hour with windbreaks in place.
(1)Primer bond strength test. Verify bond strength of primer to concrete substrate by attaching a metal dolly to the primed area of concrete. Test for bond strength according to ASTM D7234. Perform at least one test per 2500 square feet of primed deck or one per day. Consider the bond strength of primer sufficient if the bond p ull-off test exceeds 150 pounds per square inch. If the bond pull -off fails, establish adequate bond according to the manufacturer’s representative recommendations. Repair test areas according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
(2)Membrane installation. When the primer has been accepted, start membrane installation. Mix and apply spray membrane according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Continuously agitate the liquid spray membrane during application. Apply spray membrane starting at the lowest point on bridge deck and work up the grade and up the cross slope during application. Lap spray membrane up curb 2 inches or the thickness of the asphalt pavement overlay. At the start of each day’s operations, overlap the previously applied spray membrane acc ording to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Apply membrane at a thickness of 80 mils. Prevent and remove puddling and excess buildup. If the spray membrane becomes contaminated, clean and reapply the membrane. Cure spray membrane according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Break bubbles in the spray membrane according to the manufacturer’s recommendations before testing the bond strength of the membrane. Verify bond strength of spray membrane to primed concrete by attaching a metal dolly to the water proofed area. Test for bond strength according to ASTM D7234. Perform at least one test per 2500 square feet of waterproofed deck or one per day. Consider the bond strength of the membrane sufficient if the bond pull -off test exceeds 150 pounds per square inch. If bond pull -off fails, establish adequate bond according to the manufacturer’s representative recommendations. Repair test areas according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
(3)Elastomeric membrane topcoat with broadcast aggregate. Review QCP proce dures with personnel performing the work before start of elastomer membrane topcoat installation. When the waterproofing membrane has been accepted, start elastomeric membrane topcoat installation. Apply elastomeric membrane topcoat according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Apply elastomeric membrane topcoat at a thickness of 40 mils . Use approved aggregate source and gradation to broadcast into elastomeric topcoat. Broadcast aggregate uniformly according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Apply elastomer aggregate broadcast topcoat starting at the lowest point on bridge deck and work up the grade and up the cross slope during application. Overlap start of a new day of elastomer aggregate broadcast topcoat construction over previous day’s work according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Cure topcoat according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Lightly vacuum sweep excess aggregate from cured topcoat. Dispose of excess aggregate according to Subsection 203.07.
(b)Preformed membrane system. A preformed membrane system consists of a primer applied to the prepared surface and a single layer of adhering preformed membrane sheet. The preformed membrane system includes primer, bituminous polymer or asphalt rubberized preformed membrane sheet with self -adhering backing, and materials for sealing of joints and around inlets, curbs, or other features. Place the waterproofing membrane continuously within the masked areas within the time frame recommended by the manufacturer. If this time is exceeded, reapply the primer. Do not apply waterproofing membrane over wet primer. Lap membrane sheets in the direction of water flow. Stagger membrane overlaps in the transverse direction so that transverse seams do not line up.
(1)Bridge decks.
(a)Install a 12 -inch minimum width strip along the juncture of deck and base of barrier railing or curb face at the low side of the deck with the sheet extending up the face 3 inches;
(b)Starting at the gutter line, lay sheets longitudinally and side lapped with adjacent sheets by at least 2½ inches and end lapped by at least 6 inches;
(c)Place a 12 -inch minimum width strip at the juncture of deck and base of curb or railing at the high side of the deck extending up the face 3 inches;
(d)Cut the membrane s heet and turn into the joint or bleeder as the sheet is being laid at open joints, deck bleeder pipes, and other locations as needed;
(e)For rubberized asphalt sheets and modified bitumen sheets, apply mastic as a bead along the exposed edge of the membrane s heet that extends up the barrier railing or curb face and that ends in the high- side gutter. Seal terminations with mastic compatible with waterproofing system according to the manufacturer ’s recommendations; and
(f)Leave 12 inches of membrane to tie into if waterproofing one side of a deck at a time.
(2)Surfaces other than bridge decks. Install according to Subsection 559.07(b)(1) and the following:
(a)Place membrane vertically. Lap successive sheets at least 3 inches over the previous sheet;
(b)Lap horizontal splices by at least 6 inches;
(c)Place a troweled bead of manufacturer’s recommended mastic or sealing tape along exposed edges of the installed membrane;
(d)Flash projecting pipe, conduits, sleeves, or other facilities passing through the preformed membrane waterproofing; (e) Use prefabricated or field -fabricated boots, fitted coverings, or other devices as necessary to provide watertight construction; and
(f)Make a seal with the curb up to the depth of the overlay. Roll the surface with hand rollers or other apparatus as necessary to develop a firm and uniform bond to the primer and minimize wrinkles and air bubbles. Patch tears, cuts, or narrow overlaps by placing sections of membrane sheet over the defective area so that the patch extends at least 6 inches beyond the defect. Seal edges of patches with a mastic recommended by the manufacturer. On modified bitumen sheets with a permanent polyester film, use a propane torch to melt the polyester film on the section to be patched, then place the patch over the heated surface. Press or roll patches firmly onto the surface.
559.08Concrete Sealers. Protect all surfaces, including scuppers, drains, dams, and headers, that will not be sealed by masking with materials that are non -reactive to the sealer. Remove the masking material from all surfaces after completion of sealer application. Monitor ambient temperature, surface temperature, moisture content of concrete, and dew point during sealer application according to Subsection 559.05 . Provide wind breaks to minimize overspray if using a sprayer system to apply sealer. Do not apply sealer with sprayer systems when wind speeds measured 2 feet above the deck exceed 10 miles per hour with windbreaks in place. Apply s ealer according to manufacturer ’s recommendations. Do not allow puddles to occur on low spots for horizontal surface applications. Do not allow puddling at curb lines on bridge deck applications. Do not allow excessive dripping to occur during application on vertical surfaces. Do not allow any pedestrian or vehicular traffic until sealer has sufficiently cured. Provide blotter for newly cured sealed horizontal surfaces subject to traffic. Remove blotter 72 hours after opening to traffic and dispose of blott er according to Subsection 203.07.
559.09Protective Covering. Install a protective covering immediately after waterproofing that prevents damage to the membrane from sunlight, weather, traffic, and construction operations. If backfill will be placed against waterproofed surfaces, cover the membrane with ⅛ -inch thick hardboard or other approved material. 559.10 Asphalt Concrete Pavement Overlay Placement. Do not place the overlay until the CO has accepted the waterproofing. Protect the waterproofing from damage. Limit traffic on the waterproofing system to necessary construction equipment and emergency vehicles before overlay placement. Do not turn vehicles or equipment on the membrane. Avoid abrupt starts and stops. Sweep the membrane surface before placing the overlay. Repair damaged areas on the membrane before starting overlay placement. If recommended by the manufacturer, apply a n asphalt tack coat according to Section 412 before placing the overlay. Place the overlay continuously over waterproofed and masked areas according to the applicable asphalt concrete pavement Section, as soon as possible and within 48 hours after placing the membrane. Limit the lay-down tem perature of the asphalt concrete mix according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Do not windrow asphalt concrete on the waterproofing membrane ahead of the paving machine. Do not use an asphalt concrete pickup machine. Make subsequently asphalt paveme nt cuts at or near the expansion joint after the overlay is in place.
559.11Acceptance. Material for waterproofing systems and sealing concrete surfaces will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.03. Installation of waterproofing systems will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02, 106.03, and 106.04. Sealing concrete surfaces will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02, 106.03, and 106.04. Asphalt tack coat will be evaluated under Section 412. Concrete repairs will be evaluated under Section 572.
Measurement
559.12Measure the Section 559 pay items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection 109.02 .
Payment
559.13The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 559 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05 .