Section 703 — Aggregate

703.01Fine Aggregate for Concrete. Provide sand conforming to AASHTO M 6, Class B, except as modified or supplemented by the following: (a)Material passing No. 200 sieve, AASHTO T 11 3.0 percent maximum (b)ASR. Test the aggregate for alkali silica reaction and conform to one of the following: (1)ASR, ASTM C1260 after casting 0.10 percent maximum at 16 days (2)ASR, ASTM C1260 0.11 percent to 0.20 percent at 16 days after casting Include one of the following examinations: (a)Petrographic examination of aggregates, ASTM C295, performed within 1 year from timeof submittalFavorable report for use (b)Petrographic examination of hardened concrete, ASTM C856, performed on ASTM C1260 specimens after test (c)Examinations according to AASHTO R 80 for field performance history, limiting the alkali content of the concrete, or using supplementarycementitious materials or blended cementsFavorable report for use Favorable study results or adequate prevention levels achieved (3)ASR with cementitious after casting material, ASTM C 1567, performed on approved mix design mass percent combinations. Do not use lithium compounds as mitigation measures.0.10 percent maximum at 16 days (4)ASR, ASTM C1293 less than 0.04 percen t at 12 months (5)ASR with cementitious material, ASTM C1293, performed on approved mix design mass percent combinations.less than 0.04 percen t at 24 months For lightweight fine aggregate, conform to AASHTO M 195.

703.02Coarse Aggregate for Concrete. Conform to AASHTO M 80, Class A, except as modified or supplemented by the following: (a)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 40 percent maximum (b)Grading, AASHTO M 43 All sizes (c)ASR Subsection 703.01(b) 786 For bridge decks or surface courses, do not use aggregates known to polish or carbonate aggregates containing less than 25 percent by mass of insoluble residue as determined by ASTM D3042. For lightweight coarse aggregate, conform to AASHTO M 195. 703.03 Underdrain Backfill. Provide aggregate for the following installations. (a)Underdrain pipe with geotextile. Provide aggregate backfill conforming to AASHTO M 80, Class E and AASHTO M 43, Size Number 3, 4, 5, 57, 67, or 7.(b)Underdrain pipe without geotextile. Provide aggregate backfill conforming to AASHTO M 6, except the soundness test is not required.

703.04Reserved. 703.05 Subbase, Base, and Surface Course Aggregate. (a)General. Provide hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed gravel conforming to the following: 35 percent maximum Soundness of aggregate using sodium sulfate AASHTO T 104, 5 cycles 12 pe rcent l oss maximum 12 pe rcent l oss maximum 35 m ini mum 35 mi nimum 70 percent minimum (1)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 (2) (a)Coarse aggregate (b)Fine aggregate (3)Durability index (coarse), AASHTO T 210 (4)Durability index (fine), AASHTO T 210 (5)Fractured faces, AASHTO T 335 (one or more) (6)Without organic matter and lumps or balls of clay. (b)Subbase or base course aggregate. In addition to Subsection 703.05(a) , conform to the following: (1)Gradation Table 703-1 (2)Liquid limit, AASHTO R 58 and AASHTO T 89 25 maximum 787 Table 703-1 Target Value Ranges for Subbase, Base, and Surface Course Gradation

Sieve

size Percent by Mass Passing Designated Sieve (AASHTO T 27 & T 11) Grading Designation(1)

Subbase Base Surface

A B C D E F G H

2½ in 100 – – – – – – – 2 in 97 to 100 100 100 – – – – – 1½ in – 97 to 100 – – – – – – 1 in 65 to 79 – 80 to 100 100 100 – 100 – ¾ in – – 64 to 94 86 to 100 86 to 100 100 – 100 ½ in 45 to 59 – – – – – 70 to 80 – ⅜ in – – 40 to 69 51 to 82 51 to 82 62 to 90 – – No. 4 28 to 42 40 to 60 31 to 54 36 to 64 36 to 64 36 to 74 40 to 50 41 to 71 No. 10 – – – – – – 25 to 40 – No. 40 9 to 17 – – 12 to 26 12 to 26 12 to 26 15 to 25 12 to 28 No. 200 4.0 to 8.0 4.0 to 12.0 4.0 to 7.0 4.0 to 7.0 10 max(2) 4.0 to 7.0 8.0 to 14.0 9.0 to 16.0 (1)Contractor specified target values. See Table 703 -2 for allowable deviations. (2)Statistical procedures do not apply. (c)Surface course aggregate. In addition to Subsection 703.05(a) , conform to the following: (1)Gradation Table 703-1 (2)Liquid limit, AASHTO R 58 and T 89, Method A 35 maximum (3)Plasticity index, AASHTO T 90 (a)Grading G 10±3 (b)Grading H 8±4 Table 703-2

Allowable Deviation

Based on Target Value for Aggregates

Percent by Mass Passing Allowable

Deviation Minimum Maximum

90.0 100 (1) 70.1 89.9 4 60.1 70.0 5 55.1 60.0 6 45.1 55.0 7 40.1 45.0 6 30.1 40.0 5 21.1 30.0 4 8.1 21.0 3 0 8.0 2 (1)Statistical procedures do not apply. 788 703.06 Crushed Aggregate. Provide hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone or gravel conforming to the size and quality requirements for crushed aggregate material normally used locally in the construction and maintenance of highways by Feder al or state agencies. Provide crushed aggregate with a maximum size of 1 inch as determined by AASHTO T 27 and AASHTO T 11. Provide well -graded crushed aggregate, free of organic matter, lumps or balls of clay, and other deleterious material.

703.07Asphal t Concrete Aggregate. Provide hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed gravel conforming to the following: 35 percent maximum (b)Soundness of aggregate using sodium sulfate, AASHTO T 104 (5 cycles): 12 percent loss maximum 12 percent loss maximum 90 percent minimum 40.0 percent minim um 10 percent maximum 45 minimum(a)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 (1)Coarse aggregate (2)Fine aggregate (b)Fractured faces, AASHTO T 335 (one or more) (c)Fine aggregate angularity, AASHTO T 304, Method A (d)Flat and elongated particles, ASTM D4791 (1:5 ratio, p lus ⅜-inch sieve, calculated by mass, weighted average) (e)Sand equivalent, AASHTO T 176, Alternative Method No. 2, Reference Method (f)Gradation. See Table 703-3 For the surface course, do not use aggregates known to polish or carbonate aggregates containing less than 25 percent by mass of insoluble residue when tested according to ASTM D3042. Table 703–3

Asphalt Concrete Aggregate Gradation

Sieve Size Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size – Percent Passing(1) Grading Designation(2) 1 inch ¾ inch ½ inch ⅜ inch No. 4 Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum 1½ in 100 – – – – – – – – – 1 in 90 100 100 – – – – – – – ¾ in – 90 90 100 100 – – – – – ½ in – – – 90 90 100 100 – – – ⅜ in – – – – – 90 90 100 100 – No. 4 – – – – – – – 90 95 100 No. 8 19 45 23 49 28 58 32 67 70 80 No. 16 – – – – – – – – – – No. 30 – – – – – – – – – – No. 50 – – – – – – – – – – No. 200 1.0 7.0 2.0 8.0 2.0 10.0 2.0 10.0 4.0 10.0 (1)Size, grade and combine the aggregate fractions in mix proportions that result in a composite blend conforming to the specified gradation. Nominal maximum size is one sieve size greater than the first sieve to retain more than 10 percent of the combined aggregate. Test according to AASHTO T 27 and AASHTO T 11 (2)Contractor specified target values. Provide target values for all sieves designated in Table 703 -3. See Table 703 -2 for allowable deviations. 790 703.08 Open -Graded Asphalt Friction Course Aggregate. Provide hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed gravel conforming to the following: (a)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 35 percent maximum (b)Soundness of aggregate using sodium sulfate, AASHTO T 104 (5 cycles) (1)Coarse aggregate 12 percent loss maximum (2)Fine aggregate 12 percent loss maximum (c)Fractured faces, AASHTO T 335 (two or more) 75 percent minimum (d)Gradation Table 703-4 Table 703-4

Target Value Ranges for

Open- Graded Friction Course Aggregate Gradation Sieve Size Percent by Mass Passing Designated Sieve (AASHTO T 27 & T 11) Grading Designation(1)

A B

½ in – 100 ⅜ in 100 95 to 100 No. 4 30 to 45 50 to 70 No. 8 5 to 15 5 to 15 No. 200 2.0 to 5.0 2.0 to 5.0

(1)Contractor specified target values. See Table 703 -2 for allowable deviations.

703.09Chip Seal Aggregate. Provide hard durable particles or fragments of crushed gravel, crushed stone, crushed slag, or lightweight aggregates. Use only one type of aggregate on the surface treatment. Conform to the following: Table 703-5 1.0 percent maximum 10 percent maximum 90 percent minimum 40 percent maximum(a)Gradation (b)Clay lumps and friable particles, AASHTO T 112 (c)Flat and elongated particles, ASTM D4791 (1:3 ratio, p lus ⅜-inch sieve, calculated by mass, weighted average) (d)Fractured faces, AASHTO T 335 (one or more) (e)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 (f)Soundness of aggregate using sodium sulfate, AASHTO T 104 (5 cycles)12 percent loss maximum 791 Table 703-5

Target Value Ranges for

Single and Double Course Chip Seal Aggregate Gradation Sieve Size Percent by Mass Passing Designated Sieve (AASHTO T 27 & T 11) Grading Designation(1)

A B C D

1 in 100 ¾ in 90 to 100 100 ½ in 0 to 35 90 to 100 100 ⅜ in 0 to 12 0 to 35 85 to 100 100 No. 4 − 0 to 12 0 to 35 85 to 100 No. 8 − − 0 to 8 0 to 23 No. 200(2) 0.0 to 1.0 0.0 to 1.0 0.0 to 1.0 0.0 to 1.0 (1)Contractor specified target values. See Table 703 -2 for allowable deviations. (2)The allowable deviation is (plus or minus) 0.5.

703.10Slurry Seal and Micro Surfacing Aggregate. Provide hard durable particles or fragments of crushed gravel or crushed stone. (a)Slurry seal aggregate. Conform to ISSA A105 and the following: (1)Gradation Table 703-6 (2)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96, Grading D 35 percent maximum (3)Sand equivalent , AASHTO T 176, Alternat e Method No. 2, Reference Method45 minimum (4)Soundness of aggregate using s odium sulfate fine, AASHTO T 104 (5 cycles)15 percent loss maximum (b)Micro surfacing aggregate. Conform to ISSA A143 and the following: (1)Gradation Table 703-6 (2)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96, Grading D 30 percent maximum (3)Sand equivalent AASHTO T 176, Alternate Method No. 2, Reference Method65 minimum (4)Soundness of aggregate using sodium sulfate fine, AASHTO T 104 (5 cycles)15 percent loss maximum 792 Table 703-6 Micro Surfacing and Slurry Seal Aggregate Gradation Sieve Size Percent by Mass Passing Designated Sieve (AASHTO T 27 & T 11)

Grading Designation

I II III

⅜ in − 100 100 No. 4 100 90 to 100 70 to 90 No. 8 90 to 100 65 to 90 45 to 70 No. 16 65 to 90 45 to 70 28 to 50 No. 30 40 to 65 30 to 50 19 to 34 No. 50 25 to 42 18 to 30 12 to 25 No. 100 15 to 30 10 to 21 7 to 18 No. 200 10.0 to 20.0 5.0 to 15.0 5.0 to 15.0

703.11Reserved.

703.12Blotter. Provide sound durable particles of gravel or crushed stone conforming to the following:

(a)Material passing ⅜- inch sieve, AASHTO T 27 100 percent

(b)Liquid limit, AASHTO R 58 and T 89, Method A 25 maximum

(c)Without organic matter and clay balls.

703.13Aggregate for Aggregate -Topsoil C ourse. Conform to AASHTO M 80, Class E and AASHTO M 43, Size Number 57.

703.14Sand. Provide clean material conforming to AASHTO M 6, Class B.

703.15Flowable Backfill Aggregate. Provide hard, clean, durable, nonplastic, nonorganic, nonreactive aggregate conforming to Table 703-7. Table 703-7

Flowable Backfill Aggregate

Sieve Size Percent by Mass Passing

Designated Sieve

(AASHTO T 27 & T 11) 1 in 100 No. 200 0.0 to 10.0

703.16Shotcrete Aggregate . Provide hard, clean, durable, nonplastic, nonorganic, nonreactive aggregate conforming to the following:

(a)Fine aggregate. Conform to AASHTO M 6, Class B, except as modified or supplemented by the following: 793 (1)Material passing No. 200 sieve, AASHTO T 3.0 percent maximum (2)Sand equivalent value , AASHTO T 176, Alternate Method No. 2, Reference Method75 minimum (3)ASR Subsection 703.01(b) (b)Coarse aggregate. C onform to AASHTO M 80, Class A, except as modified or supplemented by the following: (1)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 40 percent maximum (2)ASR Subsection 703.01(b) (c)Gradation. Combine fine and coarse aggregates to meet the designated gradation in Table 703-8. Table 703-8 Shotcrete Gradation Limits for Combined Aggregates Sieve Size Percent by Mass Passing Designated Sieve (AASHTO T 27 & T 11)

Grading Designation

A B

½ in – 100 ⅜ in 100 90 to 100 No. 4 95 to 100 70 to 85 No. 8 80 to 98 50 to 70 No. 16 50 to 85 35 to 55 No. 30 25 to 60 20 to 35 No. 50 10 to 30 8 to 20 No. 100 2.0 to 10.0 2.0 to 10.0

703.17Granular Rock Backdrain. Provide hard, durable, crushed, rock conforming to the following:

(a)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 50 percent maximum

(b)Apparent specific gravity, AASHTO T 85 2.50 m inimum

(c)Absorption, AASHTO T 85 4.0 p ercent maximum

(d)Durability index (coarse), AASHTO T 210 50 m inimum

(e)Gradation Table 703-9

(f)Fractured faces, AASHTO T 335 (one or more) 90 percent minimum 794 Table 703-9

Granular Rock Backdrain Gradation

Sieve Size Percent by Mass Passing

Designated Sieve

(AASHTO T 27 & T 11) 6 in 100 4 in 0 to 25 No. 200 0.0 to 5.0

703.18Ultrathin Bonded Wearing Aggregate. Provide hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed gravel conforming to the following: (a)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 35 percent maximum (b)Soundness of aggregate using sodium sulfate, AASHTO T 104 (5 cycles) (1)Coarse aggregate 12 percent loss, maximum (2)Fine aggrega te 12 percent loss, maximum (c)Flat and elongated particles, ASTM D479 1, 1:3 ratio, plus ⅜-inch sieve, calculated by mass, weighted average25 percent maximum (d)Fractured faces, AASHTO T 335 (two or more) 90 percent minimum (e)Sand equivalent value, AASHTO T 176, Alternate Method No. 2, Reference Method45 minimum (f)Gradation Table 703- 10 Table 703-10

Target Value Ranges for

Ultrathin Bonded Wearing Course Aggregate Gradation Sieve Size Percent by Mass Passing Designated Sieve (AASHTO T 27 & T 11) ½ in 100 ⅜ in 85 to 100 No. 4 22 to 40 No. 8 19 to 32 No. 16 15 to 23 No. 30 10 to 18 No. 50 8 to 13 No. 100 6 to 10 No. 200 4 to 7

703.19Polyester Polymer Concrete Aggregate. Provide aggregate for PPC conforming to the following:

(a)Use natural sand for the fine aggregate.

(b)Crushed particles retained on the No. 8 sieve, AASHTO T 335 45 percent maximum

(c)Aggregate absorption (weighted average), AASHTO T 84 and T 85 1 percent maximum

(d)Aggregate moisture content, AASHTO T 255 less than 50 percent of aggregate absorption

(e)Gradation Table 703- 11 Table 703-11

Polyester Polymer Concrete Aggregate

Gradation Limits

Sieve Size Percent by Mass Passing

Designated Sieve

(AASHTO T 27 & T 11) ⅜ in 100 No. 4 62 to 85 No. 8 45 to 67 No. 16 29 to 50 No. 30 16 to 36 No. 50 5 to 20 No. 100 0 to 7 No. 200 0 to 3

703.20Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Open- graded Backfill. Provide hard, crushed, durable particles or fragments of rock or gravel conforming to the following:

(a)Gradation AASHTO M 43, size number 6, 67, 68, 7, 78, 8, or 89

(b)Fractured faces AASHTO T 335 (two or more) 75 percent minimum

(c)Soundness of aggregate using sodium sulfate, AASHTO T 104 (5 cycles) 15 percent loss maximum

(d)Los Angeles abrasion, AASHTO T 96 50 percent maximum