500 ALASKA 2020 SECTION 715
715-2.01 SCOPE. Steel used for Structural Steel Piling and Sheet Piling.
715-2.02 GENERAL REQ UIREMENTS. Furnish steel piles of the dimensions, weights, cross -
sections, and grades specified. Satisfy the impact test requirements of Subsection 716- 2.02. Meet the following:
1.Structural Steel HP Piling . Furnish HP shape piles meeting ASTM A709, Grade 50T3.
2.Structural Steel Pi pe Piling . Furnish pipe piles meeting one of the following:
a.American Petroleum Institute (API) 5L X52 PSL2 with one longitudinal seam.
b.ASTM A709, Grade 50T3 with one longitudinal seam fabricated and monogrammed according to API 2B.
c.ASTM A709, Grade 50T3 fabricated according to the follow ing:
1.General . Fabricate single seam helical weld pipe piling from coiled skelp. Use skelp material that does not contain repair welds. Use skelp having a width not less than 0.8 times the outside diameter of the pipe and n ot greater than 3.0 times the outside diameter of the pipe. Form pipe when the steel temperature is below 400°F. Locate junctions of skelp end welds and the helical seam welds at distances greater than 1.0 times the outside diameter of the pipe from the pi pe ends and at distances greater than 5.0 times the outside diameter of the pipe from other junctions of skelp end welds and helical seam welds.
2.Welding. Use complete joint penetration welds produced by the automatic submerged– arc welding process, the automatic gas metal -arc welding process, or a combination of both processes. Perform welding according to Section 504.
3.Welding Inspection. Perform welding inspection according to AWS D1.1. Provide 100% visual inspection of welds on the inside and outside surfaces of the pipe.
4.Non- Destructive Examination. Randomly examine 10% of the total length of helical seam welds and skelp end welds. Examine welds by performing one of the following tests:
a.Radiographic testing according to the requirements of AWS D1.1 Section 6, Part E with Subsection 6.12.3 of AWS D1.1.
b.Ultrasonic testing according to the requirements of AWS D1.1 Section 6, Part F with Subsection 6.13.3.1 of AWS D1.1. If more than 10% of the weld lengths examined are defective, examine a second random sampl e of 25% of the total length of welds. If more than 10% of the weld length examined in the second sample are defective, examine 100% of the total length of welds. Repair all weld defects in accordance with AWS D1.1.
5.Destructive Examination. Perform destructive examination on specimens from finished pipe of each specified outside diameter, wall thickness, steel type, heat, and grade. Examine specimens at a frequency of at least one set of tests for each lot representing 2000 linear feet of finished pipe or once per week during each 501 ALASKA 2020 production run, whichever occurs first. Do not use specimens containing repaired welds.
a.Tensile Tests . Meet the specified tensile requirements for yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation. Perform tension tests according t o ASTM A370 using one base metal specimen and two weld specimens taken at 90° to the length of the weld with the weld across the center of the sample. For base metal specimen, determine and report yield point, yield strength, tensile strength, and elongati on. For weld test specimens, determine and report tensile strength. Each lot of pipe will be considered to meet the tensile requirements if the base metal test results meet the specified yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation and the weld test r esults meet the specified tensile strength result.
b.Bend Tests . Perform transverse side bend tests according to ASTM E190. Each lot of pipe will be considered to meet the bend test requirements if no cracks occur in the specimen.
6.Tolerances . Meet the follow ing tolerances:
a.Roundness . Limit the difference between the major and minor outside diameter to 1% of the specified outside diameter of the pipe or 1/4 inch, whichever is less.
b.Circumference. Limit the outside circumference to 1% of the nominal outside circumference of the pipe or 1/2 inch, whichever is less.
c.Straightness . Do not deviate from a straight line parallel to centerline of the pile more than 1/8 inch per 10 feet of length, but not to exceed 3/8 inch in any 40- foot length.
d.Length. ±1 -1/2 inch per 10 feet of length.
7.Defects . The Engineer may reject piles containing surface defects. The depth of the surface defect will be measured as the gap between the lowest point of the defect and a prolongation of the original contour of the pipe. Use of piles c ontaining surface defects may be authorized according to the following requirements based on the depth of the surface defect:
a.If the surface defect is not greater than 5% of the wall thickness in depth, the defect need not be repaired.
b.If the surface defect is deeper than 5%, but not greater than 7%, of the specified wall thickness, grind smooth the surface defect. Remove abrupt changes in contour, but do not reduce the thickness in the ground area more than 7% of the specified wall thickness.
c.If the surface defect is deeper than 7%, but not greater than 20%, of the specified wall thickness, repair the defect by welding according to Section 504.
d.If the surface defect is deeper than 20% of the specified wall thickness, repairs will not be permitted and the pile will be rejected.
3.Pile Tip Reinforcing. Use pile tip reinforcement conforming to the requirements of ASTM A27 Grade 65- 35 or ASTM A148 Grade 90- 60. Make each pile tip in one piece of cast steel. Weld tip reinforcing to the piles in conformance with the manufacturer's written directions. 502 ALASKA 2020 4. Structural Steel Sheet Piling. Furnish sheet piles meeting AASHTO M 202. Provide piling and connectors of the same ASTM designation and grade shown on the Plans. Do not mix piling of different grades.
715-2.03 CERTI FICATION. Furnish a certified test report from the manufacturer or an
independent testing laboratory containing a list of dimensional, chemical, metallurgical, electrical, physical, and other required test results of the specified material certifying that the product or assembly has passed all specified tests. Include the following:
1.the project name and number;
2.the manufacturer's name;
3.the name of the product or assembly;
4.a complete description of the material;
5.country of origin;
6.the lot, heat, or batch num ber that identifies the material;
7.all required test results for the specified material from the same lot, heat, or batch defined in Subsection 715- 2.03.6; and,
8.a statement, signed by a person having legal authority to act for the manufacturer or the indepe ndent testing laboratory, that the test results show that the product or assembly to be incorporated into the project has been sampled and tested and the samples have passed all specified tests. For pipe manufactured to API 5L, submit an inspection certifi cate with test results according to API 5L 10.1.3.
715-2.04 MARKING. Mark all pipe and sheet piling using dot peen, die stamp or other low stress
engraving process that is legible after coating or galvanizing. Mark the exterior and interior faces of one end of the piling with the lot number, heat number, batch number, or other appropriate identification that matches the accompanying certified test report. Also mark helical welded pipe piles with the fabricator’s name, measured major diameter, measured minor diameter, and nominal wall thickness on the exterior face at both ends. 503 ALASKA 2020 SECTION 716 STRUCTURAL STEEL
716-2.01 SCOPE. Structural steel for highway bridges and other structural purposes.
716-2.02 GENERAL REQ UIREMENTS. Meet the following:
1.General requirem ents for delivery of rolled steel plates, shapes, and bars for structural ASTM A6
2.Structural Steel ASTM A709
3.Filler Metal for Applicable Arc -Welding Electrodes AWS Specifications
4.Stud Shear Connectors ASTM A108 Gr. 1015, or 1020
5.Raised Pattern Plate. Wh ere raised pattern plate is shown on the Plans, use plates with a raised pattern surface meeting the following requirements:
a.Use diagonal type pattern, with the intersecting diagonals at right angles to one another. Use the same material for the raised por tions of the pattern as the base metal of the plate. The raised pattern must be an inherent part of the plate. The pattern must be continuous throughout the surface of the plate and the projections along any diagonal must be spaced alternately with the projections along the normal diagonals.
b.Use plate with projections that are self -draining and self -cleaning and provide a skid- resistant surface from all angles of approach. The projections must have flat tops and be designed not to chip, crack, split, or buc kle at their intersection with the base metal.
6.Impact Test Requirements . Use structural steel and filler metal for applicable arc -welding electrodes meeting the following requirements:
a.For structural steel, meet the impact testing requirements and marking requirements of ASTM A709 for the specified grade, type of component, and impact testing temperature zone. If the grade is not specified, use Grade 36 steel. If the type of component is not specified, use steel grades marked with suffix T. If the impac t testing temperature zone is not specified, use steel marked for Zone 3.
b.For filler metal for applicable arc -welding electrodes, meet the minimum average energy values of the base metals to be joined when tested at or below the temperature corresponding t o the specified impact testing temperature zone of the base metal. Perform impact tests according to ASTM A370.
716-2.03 FASTENERS. Meet the following:
1.High Strength Bolts ASTM F3125, Grade A325
2.Nuts ASTM A563
3.Hardened Steel Washers ASTM F436
4.Zinc Coated Load Indicating Washers ASTM F959 Type 325
716-2.04 STEEL GRID FLOORS. Meet ASTM A709, Grade 36. If the material is not galvanized,
ensure the steel has a copper content of 0.2 percent minimum. Unless painting of floors is specified in the Special Provisions, open type floors must be galvanized.
716-2.05 MACHINE BOL TS. Meet ASTM A307.
Source: Alaska Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2020 Edition. Pages 528–530 of 584.