410CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS AND

410.01Description. The methods employed in performing the

work shall be at the Contractor’s option. The plan t and equipment shall comply with the requirements of Section 409. When the

276 production and/or placement of the material does no t comply with the specifications, the Contractor shall make the c hanges necessary to bring the work into compliance.

410.02Pre-Placement Conference. Unless waived by the

Engineer, prior to the start of paving operations t he Contractor shall conduct a Pre-Placement Conference involving the Co ntractor's personnel and the Department's personnel. The Cont ractor's proposed plant, delivery, laydown, compaction, and equipment shall be discussed and, if deemed necessary by the Department, all the equipment inspected. The accepted mix designs and materials to be used shall be discussed. The proposed mixing and c ompaction temperatures, sampling and testing plan, haul route , rolling pattern, and other pertinent information shall be discussed. The Pre- Placement Conference and all items discussed shall be documented by the Contractor and furnished to the Resident Eng ineer within ten calendar days after the Pre-Placement Conference.

410.03Preparation of Mixture. The aggregates, mineral filler,

and asphalt binder shall be measured separately and accurately mixed in the proper proportions according to the mi x design. The aggregates shall be thoroughly coated and the mixtu re shall not show an excess or deficiency of asphalt binder, inj ury or damage due to burning or overheating, or an improper combi nation of aggregates. The continuous production of ACHM shal l be within plus or minus 25 ° F (14 ° C) of the mixing temperature shown on the approved mix design. Momentary temperature spikes shall be kept to a minimum.

410.04Preparation of Subgrade. Unless the course is to be

placed on an existing base or pavement, the subgrad e shall be prepared in conformity with the provisions of Secti on 212, and shall conform to the typical cross section as shown on th e plans, and primed if specified. Additional material obtained from preparing the subgrade shall be bladed to the shoulders and evenl y spread, with excess material being distributed evenly on the slo pes.

410.05Preparation of Existing Base or Surface. Newly

constructed base or surface courses shall be prepared as set forth in the specification item covering such courses. Before placing asphalt base, binder, or surface cou rses, all required corrections of the existing pavement or ol d base, such as filling pot holes, sags, ruts, and depressions, or alterations of the

277 existing pavement crown, shall be made. Such corre ctions shall be accomplished by placing asphalt binder or surface c ourse mixtures at the location and in a manner as directed by the Engineer. Asphalt material used for wedging or leveling courses, or f or filling holes, may be placed by hand, blade grader, or mechanical spreader methods. The mixture shall be featheredged to a sm ooth and even surface around the edges of these areas. Before pl acing asphalt material, the base or existing surface shall be pri med or tacked as applicable. Unless otherwise specified, no direct payment will be made for cleaning the surface of existing pavement. Before arrival of the mixture on the work, the prep ared surface, primed or tack coated as specified, shall be cleane d of all loose and foreign materials. The mixture shall not be placed on a surface that shows evidence of free moisture. Contact surfaces of curbing, gutters, manholes, and other structures shall be painted with a thin coating of rapid curing cutback asphalt or emulsified asphalt. No direct c ompensation will be made for this work. For foreign material, or when the time lapse betwee n courses is more than 72 hours, the earlier course shall be cle aned and given a tack coat before placing the succeeding course. Wh en directed, the tack coat shall be applied and paid for under Secti on 401. If directed by the Engineer, a tack coat shall be used even though the elapsed time has been less than 72 hours.

410.06Transporting. The mixture shall be transported from the

mixing plant to the work in vehicles with clean tig ht beds. No loads shall be sent so late in the day as to int erfere with spreading and compacting the mixture during dayligh t hours unless adequate artificial lighting is provided. Sufficient haul vehicles and plant production rate shall be maintained for the project to provide a continuous operation on the roadway. Only non-petroleum release agents listed on the QPL shall be used in haul trucks.

410.07Spreading and Finishing. The mixture from all types of

plants shall be delivered to the paver at no more t han 25 ° F (14 ° C)

278 above the mixing temperature shown on the approved mix design. In no case shall binder or surface course be placed at a temperature less than 250° F (125° C). The mixture shall be placed on an approved surface, spread, and struck off to the line, grade, and elevation establ ished. The mixture shall be placed only on a base that shows no evidence of free moisture, and only when weather conditions are suitable. The Engineer may, however, permit work of this characte r to continue when overtaken by sudden rains to utilize materials that may be in transit from the plant at the time, provided the mi xture is within the temperature limits specified and provided the finis hed pavement otherwise meets specification requirements. Water shall not be applied to the ACHM courses to speed cooling of the mat. The longitudinal joint in one layer shall offset th at in the layer immediately below by approximately 6 ″ (150 mm), however, in general, the joint in the top layer shall be at the centerline of the pavement if the roadway comprises two lanes in widt h, or at lane lines if the roadway is more than two lanes in widt h. On roadways with a center turn lane, the Contractor may, at his option, elect to place a joint at the crown (i.e., middle of the cen ter turn lane) of the roadway and eliminate the joints on the lane lines of that lane. The slight excess of asphalt at a longitudinal joint, g enerated by overlapping during placement of an adjacent mat to a previous mat, shall not be scattered across the mat. This material shall be stacked over the joint. The first pass of the steel wheel roller shall be entirely on the new mat, with the edge of the drum 6 ″ (150 mm) away from the longitudinal joint. The second pass of the steel wheel roller shall be made with 6 ″ to 8 ″ (150 mm to 200 mm) of the drum overhanging onto the older mat. General casting back of material or hand raking mat erial onto the surface will not be permitted. Hand spreading will be permitted only in areas inaccessible to the paver. On roads under traffic, the mixture shall be spread and finished in full lane widths where practicable. The paver shal l alternate between the lanes with such frequency that the adja cent lane shall be laid no later than the next working day after the f irst lane is laid. A transition area from the new pavement down to the e xisting pavement will be constructed at the beginning and e nding of each day’s paving operation. The length of the transiti on will be based on the thickness of the ACHM course being placed:

279

Roadway Type Short Term Temporary (In-place for less than 7 calendar days) Temporary (In place for over 7 days)

Permanent Interstates & divided highways with speed limits > 55 mph 4 ft. (1.2 m) length for each 1″ (25 mm) of thickness 10 ft. (3.0 m) length for each 1″ (25 mm) of thickness 100 ft. (30.5

each 1 ″ (25 mm) of thickness Other highways with speed limits ≤ 55 mph 3 ft. (0.9 m) length for each 1″ (25 mm) of thickness 5 ft. (1.5 m) length for each 1″ (25 mm) of thickness 50 ft. (15.2 m) length for each 1 ″ (25 mm) of thickness

The paver shall uniformly distribute and compact th e mixture in front of the screed for the full width being paved. The finished surface shall be smooth and of uniform texture. The screed or strike-off assembly shall effectively produce a finished surface of the required evenness and textu re without tearing, shoving, or gouging the mixture. When laying mixtures, the paver shall be operated a t forward speeds consistent with satisfactory laying of the m ixture. The speed of the paver shall be matched with the plant production rate and number of hauling units. Stop and go operation of the paver shall be held to a minimum. The edge of the Binder or Surface Course shall be e stablished by a string or chalk line for a distance of not less t han 500 ′ (150 m) ahead of the spreading operation.

410.08Rolling and Density Requirements and Joints. At the

beginning of placement of each mix design, the Cont ractor shall establish an optimum rolling pattern for the mix be ing placed. A strip of approximately 500 ′ (150 m) of the mat being placed shall be used to establish the rolling pattern. A sufficien t number of coverages of the entire mat by the rollers proposed to be used by the

280 Contractor during production paving operations shal l be made to achieve the maximum density possible. The Engineer will observe the Contractor's use of a nuclear density gauge to verify that the maximum densities possible are obtained. The established rolling pattern shall be used for c ompacting all mix placed. If a change in the accepted mix design occurs, or if the compaction method or equipment is changed, or if un acceptable results are obtained, a new optimum rolling pattern shall be established. If for any reason a rolling pattern cannot be estab lished to produce the specified density, a new mix design wil l be required. The Contractor shall establish an optimum rolling p attern that will produce the maximum density using the new mix desig n. Continuous production of the mix shall not begin un til an optimum rolling pattern that produces the specified density within the allowable range has been established. Rolling shall start longitudinally at the low edge and proceed toward the higher portion of the mat. When paving in echelon or abutting a previously placed lane, the longitudinal joint shall be rolled first followed by the regular rolling procedure. Alternate passes of the roller shall be terminated at least 3 ′ (1 m) from any preceding stop. Rolling on superelevated curves sh all progress from the low side. Rollers shall not be stopped perpend icular to the centerline of the traveled way. The speed of the roller shall be slow enough to avo id displacement of the hot mixture, and shall in no ca se be more than 3 mph (5 km/h). The roller shall be operated in such a manner that no displacement of the mat will occur. Rolling shall proceed continuously until all roller marks are eliminated and the required density attained. To prevent adhesion of the aspha lt mixture to the rollers, the rollers shall be kept moist for the fu ll width of the rollers, but an excess of water will not be permitted. Upon completion of the rolling operations, the surf ace shall be smooth and of uniform texture. If the asphalt binder content varies from the value used to calculate the specific gravity, the maximum theoret ical density will be adjusted accordingly. If the Contractor elects to verify the specific gravity or to establish a different specif ic gravity, he shall perform the test under AASHTO T 209 on production m ix and

281 furnish the results to the Engineer. The Contracto r and the Engineer will use the specific gravity that best represents the material that is

being sampled for acceptance of the pavement. If e ither quality control or acceptance density tests indicate that t he established maximum theoretical density may be in error, the En gineer may require that the specific gravity be redetermined f rom production mix. If production has been interrupted for 90 cal endar days or the mix design has changed a new maximum theoretical de nsity shall be established. Rollers shall not pass over the unprotected end of a freshly laid mixture. Transverse joints shall be formed by cutting back on the previous run to expose the full depth of the course . A brush coat of asphalt material shall be used on contact surfaces of transverse joints just before additional mixture is placed against th e previously placed material.

410.09Acceptance of the Pavement and Adjustments i n

Payment. (a) General. The accepted mix design shall be verified by the Contractor at the start of mix production fo r that design or after an interruption of more than 90 calendar days . A maximum of 200 tons (200 metric tons) of material may be place d on the roadway during the verification process. If the mi x produced does not verify the mix design, the material placed on t he roadway shall be declared a partial lot and a new mix design subm itted. Verification shall consist of test results showing that the values for air voids, VMA, and asphalt binder content are with in the compliance limits. If necessary, adjustments will be made to the plant to produce mix within the specified property limits. All mixes produced shall be within the gradation tolerances o f the accepted mix design according to Section 404.04. The adjusted mix shall become the new accepted mix design. Acceptance and adjustment in payment will be by lot . The standard lot size for acceptance and adjustment in payment will be 3000 tons (3000 metric tons), with each standard lo t divided into four sublots of 750 tons (750 metric tons) each. T he Engineer may establish a partial lot at any time. The Engineer will determine the size of any partial lots established and the number and size(s) of the sublots, if any. Although there are no specified l imits for the size of such partial lots, they normally will be not less t han 300 tons (300 metric tons) nor more than 3300 tons (3300 metric t ons). Field density tests shall be performed on the compacted m at on the

282 roadway as soon as possible, preferably not later t han the day after placement. The Contractor shall obtain and test one sample tak en at random from each sublot. The Department will determine th e location for each sample in the sublot by AHTD Test Method 465. The Department's inspector shall be provided an opportu nity to witness all Contractor sampling and testing. The test repo rts of all Contractor acceptance tests shall be provided to th e Engineer by the end of the first working day following production o f the material. The Department will obtain and test a minimum of on e sample taken at random from each lot, including partial lo ts, to be used both for verification and for acceptance. Verification testing will be conducted in accordance with Subsection 106.11 and the Department’s Manual of Field Sampling and Testing Procedures. The location of the lot sample will be determined b y the Department using AHTD Test Method 465. If core samples are us ed for field density testing, they shall be obtained by the Cont ractor at locations selected by the Engineer and at no cost to the Depa rtment. The samples shall be obtained using a diamond blade pav ement saw or a diamond bit core drill to remove a sample of compac ted pavement for the full depth of the course(s). The holes mad e in taking the sample shall be repaired by the Contractor at no co st to the Department. The following procedures shall apply for field density testing when ACHM mixes are used as a leveling course or as a bond breaker between a base material and Portland Cement Concrete Pavement: • If the entire sublot quantity is placed for leveling or as a bond breaker and the thickness of all of the leveli ng/bond breaker in that sublot is less than three times the nominal maximum aggregate size, no field density sample or test wil l be required. The sublot will be excluded from the calculation of the average field density for the acceptance of the lot in Subs ection 410.09(a). • If the entire sublot quantity is placed for leveling or as a bond breaker and portions of the leveling/bond brea ker have a thickness greater than three times the nominal maxi mum aggregate size, a field density sample shall be obt ained by the Contractor at a location determined by the Departme nt using AHTD Test Method 465; however the sampling area wil l be

283 restricted to the area in which the thickness of th e leveling course/bond breaker is greater than three times the nominal maximum aggregate size. • If only a portion of the sublot quantity is place d for leveling or as a bond breaker, the Contractor shall obtain a field density sample at a location determined by the Department u sing AHTD Test Method 465; however the sampling area will be restricted to the portion of the sublot where the material used a s leveling or as a bond breaker has a thickness greater than three t imes the nominal aggregate size and to the area where the ma terial was not used for leveling or as a bond breaker. When field density testing for a sublot is waived b y one of the above conditions, the ACHM mix used as a leveling c ourse or as a bond breaker shall be compacted utilizing the optim um rolling pattern to achieve the maximum density required, as required by Subsection 410.08. The Contractor’s acceptance sampling and testing pr ocedures, equipment, and results will be subject to independe nt assurance sampling and testing conducted by the Department. Independent assurance sampling and testing will be conducted at the frequencies indicated in the Department’s Manual of Field Sampling and Testing Procedures . The Contractor shall be required to make changes to the equipment and/or procedures used if the results of the independent assurance tests do not correlate with t he Contractor’s test results. The Department will perform all tests for acceptanc e and adjustment in payment on material used to replace u nacceptable material removed by the Contractor. The number of tests and the location(s) for sampling will be determined by the Engineer using the same procedures used for the original material. The results of these tests will be used for acceptance and adjustm ent in payment for the lot or sublot, as applicable. Acceptance sampling and testing by the Contractors hall be performed in a qualified laboratory by a certified technician. Requirements for technician certification and labor atory qualification are contained in the Department’s Manual of Field Sampling and Testing Procedures. All sampling and testing for acceptance and adjustment in payment shall be perfo rmed using the test methods specified in Subsection 404.04 for qua lity control

284 sampling and testing. This includes performing a m aximum theoretical specific gravity test (AASHTO T 209) fo r each acceptance and adjustment in payment test. The VMA (effective) as determined by the effective specific gravity shall be calculated. The VMA (actual) shall be determined by reducing the VM A (effective) by the correction factor shown on the mix design. Samples for all properties except density and the investigation of segregation shall be obtained from trucks at the plant. Samples shal l be maintained at or near the optimum mixing temperature until the te sting procedure begins. Specimens for air voids shall be compacted at or near the optimum compaction temperature. In no case shall t he sample be allowed to cool below the compaction range specifie d by the accepted mix design.

courses will be based on the following criteria: • The results of tests for the properties listed in Table 410-1, • Pavement smoothness, and • Segregation.

the properties listed in Table 410-1 will be by lot . Acceptance of a standard lot will be based on the average of the five (5) tests performed on the lot. Acceptance of a partial lot will be based on the average of the actual number of tests made on t hat partial lot. Acceptance of a sublot will be based on the results of the test(s) performed on samples from that sublot. The term "mix design value" refers to the value sho wn in the accepted mix design. When the average of the test results for a lot fall within the range shown in Table 410-1 as "Compliance Limits", the lot will be accepted with no price reduction for those prope rties. If the average of the test results for a lot for any singl e property listed in the table falls within the limits shown as "Pric e Reduction Limits", the material may be left in place at a red uced price as specified in Subsection 410.09(d). If the average of the test results for a lot for any single property listed in the table falls outside the limits shown as "Lot Rejection Limits", the entire lot shall be removed and replaced at no cost to the Dep artment. Sampling and testing of the replacement material wi ll be according to Subsection 410.09(a).

285For any single property except density, if the resu lt of the single test in a sublot falls outside the limits sh own as "Sublot Rejection Limits", that sublot shall be removed and replaced at no cost to the Department. In the sublot containin g the Department's lot test, if the result of either the Contractor's sublot test or the Department's lot test fall outside the sublot rejection limits, the two tests will be averaged and the aver age of the two test results used to determine acceptance or rejection of the sublot. The average of the two test results will a lso be used as a single value to compute the average for the lot for acceptance and adjustment. For density, if a test for a sublot is more than 2. 0 percentage points above or below the specification limits for the type of mix, that sublot will be further evaluated as follows: Two additional density tests will be performed by t he Department on a statistically random basis within t hat sublot, except that only one additional test will be perfor med if the sublot contains both a Contractor sublot test and a Department lot test. If the average of the three t ests is within 2.0 percentage points above or below the compliance limits, the sublot will be accepted. The average of the th ree test results will be used as a single value to compute t he average for acceptance and adjustment of the lot. If the average is outside the sublot rejection limi ts, the sublot shall be removed and replaced at no cost to the Dep artment. In that case, the result of a density test performed o n the replacement material will be used to calculate the average for acceptance and adjustment of the lot.

checked with a 10 ′ (3 m) straight-edge parallel to the centerline, shall show no variation more than 3/16 ″ (5 mm) for binder courses and not more than 1/8 ″ (3 mm) for surface courses when the profile grade line is shown on the plans. If t he profile grade line is not shown on the plans, the variations shal l be not more than ¼ ″ (6 mm) for binder courses and not more than 3/16 ″ (5 mm) for surface courses. When surface tests indica te surface tolerances do not meet these requirements, correcti ons to the pavement and changes to the paving operations shall be made before beginning the next day’s operations.

286 All transverse joints shall be straightedged immedi ately following rolling of the joint. Paving will not co ntinue until the transverse joint meets the applicable surface toler ances shown above. The Engineer will test the finished surface of each course on main lanes and ramps with a rolling straightedge im mediately following the final rolling as conditions permit. All testing will be made in a longitudinal direction and at least on e pass shall be made for the full length of each lane. Areas not meeting the above surface test requiremen ts for all except the final surface course may be corrected by skin patching, featheredging, or other methods that woul d provide the required smoothness. Areas not meeting the above surface test requiremen ts for the final surface course shall be corrected in such a m anner as to maintain a quality pavement having the same uniform texture and appearance as the adjoining surface. Skin patching will not be permitted. Featheredging will be permitted only at the beginning and the end of the job. When the corrective actio n involves removing and replacing a section of the final surface, the minimum area to be removed shall be 50 linear feet (15 m) of length for the full width of the course placed. Re placement of the final surface shall be accomplished using a paver. Grinding will be allowed, if necessary, to correct surface tolerance deficiencies. The grinding equipment sha ll be power driven and specifically designed to smooth and unif ormly texture the pavement by means of diamond blades. All corrective work and material necessary to corre ct surface tolerance deficiencies for binder or surface courses shall be at no cost to the Department.

paving is the non-uniform distribution of aggregate that results in non-uniform surface texture. If a pattern of segre gation develops, or if segregation occurs over a large area (3 squar e yards [3 sq m] or more), paving shall cease until the problem has been corrected.

287 TABLE 410-1 COMPLIANCE, PRICE REDUCTION AND REJECTION LIMITS FO R ACHM COURSES Property Compliance Limits Price Reduction Limits L ot Rejection Limits Sublot Rejection Limits Asphalt Binder Content (ALL MIXES) ±0.3 from mix design value more than ±0.3, to ±0.6 from mix design value more than ±0.6 from mix design value ±0.8 from mix design value Air Voids (AV) (ALL MIXES) 3.0% to 5.0% 2.5% to 3.0% 5.0% to 5.5% 2.4% or less; 5.6% or more 1.9% or less; 6.1% or more Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA)* ACHM Base Course (1 ½ ″ [37.5 mm]) 11.0% to 13.0% 10.5% to 10.9%; 13.1% to 13.5% 10.4% or less; 13.6% or more 9.9% or less; 14.1% or more

ACHM Binder Course (1 ″ [25 mm]) 12.0% to 14.0% 11.5% to 11.9%; 14.1% to 14.5% 11.4% or less; 14.6% or more 10.9% or less; 15.1% or more

ACHM Surface Course (1/2 ″ [12.5 mm]) 13.5% to 16.0% 13.0% to 13.4%; 16.1% to 16.5% 12.9 % or less; 16.6% or more 12.4% or less; 17.1% or more

ACHM Surface Course (3/8 ″ [9.5 mm]) 14.5% to 17.0% 14.0% to 14.4%; 17.1% to 17.5% 13.9% or less; 17.6% or more 13.4% or less; 18.1% or more

Density (% of theoretical) BASES, BINDER, AND SURFACES 92.0% to 96.0% 91.0% to 91.9%; 96.1% to 97.0% 90.9% or less 97.1% or more 89.9% or less** 98.1% or more Density (% of theoretical) for ACHM Courses where minimum specified is 90.0% 90.0% to 96.0% 89.0% to 89.9% 96.1% to 97.0% 88.9% or less 97.1% or more 87.9% or less**; 98.1% or more * The values for VMA(actual) shall be determined by c alculating the VMA(effective) and reducing it by th e correction factor shown on the mix design. **Subject to further evaluation, see text.

288 Visual inspection of the compacted pavement will be made to determine the extent of any segregation. In additi on to the visual inspection, objectionable areas may be tested. Sam ples will be obtained from the areas identified as objectionable by the Engineer. Gradation, density, and asphalt binder c ontent of the samples will be determined according to the test me thods in tolerances for gradation in Section 404.04 and with in the compliance limits for asphalt binder content and de nsity in Section 410. If any of the test results do not mee t the requirements, the area/areas will be considered non -complying. If the non-complying material is deemed reasonably acceptable according to Subsection 105.04, it may be left in p lace at a reduced cost to the Department. In the event the material is found unacceptable rel ative to segregation and it is determined that the material must be removed, the area(s) of segregation shall be remove d full depth of the course paved. Replacement of the material b y dumping and spreading by hand or motor grader will be permi tted on base and binder courses for areas less than 50 linear fe et (15 m) in length. Replacement of larger areas of base and bi nder and replacement of any surface course will be accomplis hed with a paver. On surface course, the minimum area to be r emoved shall be 50 linear feet (15 m) of the full width of the m at paved.

reason other than the properties listed in Table 41 0-1 will be evaluated under Subsection 105.04. The Engineer wi ll determine whether the non-complying pavement must be correcte d, removed and replaced, or may be left in place at a reduced cost to the Department. Price reductions determined under Subsection

105.04will be in addition to the price reductions, if any,

determined under Subsection 410.09(d). If the tota l price reduction is determined to be greater than 50% for any lot, that lot will not be accepted. When two consecutive lots or any three out of five lots fail to qualify for full payment f or any reason, work will be stopped until corrective action is tak en.

course that is not accepted for any reason shall be removed and replaced by the Contractor at no cost to the Department. Payment for sections where removal and replacement is requi red will be

289 withheld or recovered, and released after replaceme nt has been acceptably completed. The quantity for payment wil l be the original quantity and measurement of the quantity used in re placement operations will not be considered.

contract price of the lot according to the schedules below. Price reductions will be computed from the schedules belo w for each property, and reductions for each property added to gether to obtain the total price reduction for the lot. The total p rice reduction will be applied to all components of the course for the ent ire quantity of the lot. Price reductions will be accomplished by Chan ge Order and will be shown on progress and final estimates as a separate item deduction. When the number of deviations for any p roperty shown exceeds the maximum specified, or when the total pr ice reduction for a lot is greater than 50%, that lot will not be accepted. Continuous production of material not qualifying fo r full payment will not be allowed.

lot will be reduced by 12% for each deviation outsi de the compliance limits, up to a maximum of 3 deviations. One deviation is 0.1 percentage point.

reduced by 10% for each deviation outside the compl iance limits, up to a maximum of 5 deviations. One deviation is 0.1 percentage point.

reduced by 10% for each deviation outside the compl iance limits, up to a maximum of 5 deviations. One deviation is 0.1 percentage point.

reduced by 4% for each deviation outside the compliance limits up to a maximum of 10 deviations. One deviation is 0.1 percentage point.

410.10Incentives. It is the intent of this specification to produce

a pavement that is durable and consistently exceeds the minimum test values established in these specifications. T o that end, incentives will be included in the pay schedule for ACHM Binder Course and/or ACHM Surface Course. Incentive pay w ill be according to the following guidelines.

290 When the entire quantity of either the ACHM Binder Course or ACHM Surface Course (including any sublots used for leveling) meets the following criteria, an incentive of the p ercentage designated will be applied to the dollar amount for all the components of the designated mix. For the purpose of incentives, the only tests to be considered shall be the averag e test results for each lot. Incentive payments will be accomplished by Change Order and will be shown on the final estimate as a separa te item increase. An accumulated maximum 6.0% incentive payment is av ailable as follows:

• the asphalt binder content is within ±0.2 percentag e point of the mix design value, and • the total variation, low to high, in air voids is n o more than 0.6%, with none outside of the compliance limi ts, and • all densities fall between 92.0%* and 96.0%, and • there are no areas of segregation outside of the compliance limits as verified by testing according to Subsection 410.09(b)(3) *When the minimum specification density is 90.0%, t his value is changed to 90.0%.

requirements of (a) above are met and if the VMA ar e within the compliance limits.

1.0% of the total ACHM Surface Course quantities us ed on the project will be added if: • the pavement smoothness incentive criteria are met, and • there are no corrective patches*, and • the requirements of both (a) and (b) above are met. *Note: Any repaved section of 1000' (300 m) or grea ter in length for a full lane width will not be considered a patc h. To achieve the smoothness incentive payment, the Co ntractor shall furnish and operate a California-style profil ograph meeting the specifications of ASTM E 1274 or an automated light weight profilometer complying with ASTM E 950, Class I and calibrated to the California-style profilograph scale, and:

291 (1) The finished surface shall have a maximum profile index of 3"/mile ( ± 0.1" blanking band) per 0.1 mile section (50 mm/km [ ± 2.5 mm blanking band] per 200 m section), or portion thereof, for the entire project. Individua l sections will not be considered for the incentive. In addition to the above requirements for profile i ndices, on the final surface course, no areas representing hig h or low points having a deviation greater than 0.3" in 25' (7.5 mm in 7.5 m) as determined by the profilograph shall be present.

subsection under the observation of the Engineer. All data obtained from the profiling operations will be furn ished to the Engineer to be considered for any incentive payment . The Engineer will verify the calibration of the pro filograph equipment as frequently as necessary to assure proper operation. The profile will be taken near the center of each m ain traffic lane using a California-style profilograph or light weight profilometer. For daily operations, the profile sh all begin 10' (3.25 m) back onto the previous day's run and shall be continuous to within 10' (3.25 m) of an existing structure or existing pavement, or the end of the pavement. The profile may also be determined upon completion of the project by a trac e that shall run continuously to within 10' (3.25 m) of an existing structure or existing pavement, or the end of the pavement. In either case, the incentive payment will be determined at the completion of the project and when all profile traces have been submi tted to the Engineer for the project files. Scheduling and testing will be coordinated with the Engineer. The Contractor shall provide all traffic control as sociated with the surface testing operations.

410.11Widening and Overlay Operations. When pavement

construction results in vertical differentials at t he lane lines or at the edge of the traveled lanes, the Contractor shall co mply with the requirements of Subsection 603.02(d). When asphalt hot mix material is to be placed in a trench for widening an existing pavement and the trench is ina ccessible to normal rolling operations, compaction both of the s ubgrade and of

292 the asphalt material shall be accomplished by means of a trench roller or by other approved methods.

410.12Seasonal and Temperature Limitations. Hot mix

asphalt materials shall not be mixed or placed when the surface temperature is below 40° F (5° C), or when there is frost in the base or subgrade, or at any other time when weather cond itions are unsuitable for the type of material being placed. Placement of ACHM Base Course and ACHM Binder Cours e shall be scheduled to minimize exposure to inclemen t weather. The amount of ACHM Base and/or Binder exposed at any ti me between December 1 and March 14 shall be limited to the are a that can be covered with binder and/or surface course in one (1 ) day's normal production. Placing additional ACHM Base or Binder will not be allowed until the exposed course has been covered w ith binder and/or surface course. The succeeding course shall be placed as soon as weather and ground conditions allow.