92ASPHALT BINDERS

92-1.01 General

92-1.01A Summary

92-1.01B Definitions

asphalt binder: Asphalt from refined petroleum or from a mixture of refined liquid asphalt and refined solid asphalt prepared from crude petroleum . modified asphalt binder: Asphalt binder modified with polymers, crumb rubber, or both.

92-1.01C Submittals

Reserved

92-1.01D Quality Assurance

92-1.01D(1) General

Reserved

92-1.01D(2) Certification

Asphalt binder suppliers must comply with the Department's Certification Program for Suppliers of Asphalt. For a copy of the certification program, go to the METS website.

92-1.01D(3) Sampling

Take s ample s of asphalt binder under California Test 125. A sampling device must be located in the asphalt binder feed line connecting the plant storage tanks to the asphalt binder weighing system or spray bar. The sampling device must be accessible from 24 to 30 inches above the platform. Provide a receptacle for flushing the sampling device. The valve for the sampling device must be 1/2 to 3/4 inch in diameter and must allow a 1 -quart sample to be taken slowly at any time during plant act ivities. In the Engineer's presence, take two 1 -quart samples per day during plant activities for the project.

92-1.02 Materials

92-1.02A General

Asphalt binder must not include residues caused by artificial distillation of coal, coal tar, or paraffin. Asphalt binder must be homogeneous and free of water.

92-1.02B Performance Grade Asphalt Binders

PG asphalt binder must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: SECTION 92 ASPHALT BINDERS PG Asphalt Binders Quality characteristic Test method Requirement PG 58- 22a PG

58-16 Pg

64-10 Pg

64-16 Pg

64-28 Pg

70-10 Original Binder Flash point (min, °C) AASHTO T 48 230 230 230 230 230 230 Solubilityb (min, %) AASHTO T 44 99 99 99 99 99 99 Viscosity at 135 °Cc (max, Pa•s) AASHTO T 316 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Dynamic shear : Test temperature at 10 rad/s (°C) G*/sin(delta) (min, kPa) G*/sin(delta) (max, kPa) AASHTO T 315 58 1.00 2.00 58 1.00 2.00 64 1.00 2.00 64 1.00 2.00 64 1.00 2.00 70 1.00 2.00 RTFOf teste mass loss (max, %) AASHTO T 240 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 RTFOf Test Aged Binder Dynamic shear : Test temperature at 10 rad/s (°C) G*/sin(delta) (min, kPa) AASHTO T 315 58 2.20 58 2.20 64 2.20 64 2.20 64 2.20 70 2.20 Ductility at 25 °C (min, cm) AASHTO T 51 75 75 75 75 75 75 PAVg Test temperature (°C) AASHTO R 28 100 100 100 100 100 110 RTFOf Test and PAVg Aged Binder Dynamic shear : Test temperature at 10 rad/s (°C) G*sin(delta) (max, kPa) AASHTO T 315 22d 5,00 0 25d 5,000 31d 5,000 28d 5,000 22d 5,000 34d 5,000 Creep stiffness : Test temperature, °C S-value (max, MPa) M-value (min) AASHTO T 313 -12 0.30 -6 0.300 0 0.300 -6 0.300 -18 0.300 0 0.300 aUse as asphalt rubber base stock for high mountain and high desert area. bThe Engineer waives solubility requirements if the supplier is an authorized material source as defined by the Department's Certification Program for Suppliers of Asphalt . cThe Engineer waives this specification if the supplier provides written cert ification the asphalt binder can be adequately pumped and mixed at temperatures meeting applicable safety standards. dTest the sample at 3 °C higher if it fails at the specified test temperature. G*sin(delta) remains 5 ,000 kPa maximum. eThe residue from ma ss change determination may be used for other tests. fRTFO means rolling thin film oven. gPAV means Pressure Aging Vessel. PG modified asphalt binder must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: SECTION 92 ASPHALT BINDERS PG Modified Asphalt Binders Quality characteristic Test method Requirement PG

58-34 M Pg

64-28 M Pg

76-22 M

Original Binder Flash point (min, °C) AASHTO T 48 230 230 230 Solubility (min, %) AASHTO T 44a 97.5 97.5 97.5b Viscosity at 135 °Cc (max, Pa•s) AASTHO T 316 3.0 3.0 3.0 Dynamic shear, Test temperature at 10 rad/s (°C) G*/sin(delta) (min, kPa) AASHTO T 315 58 1.00 64 1.00 76 1.00 RTFOg testd , Mass loss (max, %) AASHTO T 240 1.00 1.00 1.00 RTFOg Test Aged Binder Dynamic shear, Test temperature at 10 rad/s (°C) G*/sin(delta) (min, kPa) AASHTO T 315 58 2.20 64 2.20 76 2.20 Dynamic shear, Test temperature at 10 rad/s, °C Delta (max, degree) AASHTO T 315 80e 80e 80e fElastic recovery , Test temperature (°C) Recovery (min, %) AASHTO T 301 25 75 25 75 25 PAVh , Temperature (°C) AASHTO R 28 100 100 110 RTFOg Test and PAVh Aged Binder Dynamic shear, Test temperature at 10 rad/s (°C) G*sin(delta) (max, kPa) AASHTO T 315 16 5,000 22 5,000 31 5,000 Creep stiffness, Test temperature (°C) S-value (max, Mpa) M-value (min) AASHTO T 313 -24 0.300 -18 0.300 -12 0.300 aThe Department allows ASTM D5546 or ASTM D7553 instead of AASHTO T 44. Particles recovered from ASTM D5546 or ASTM D7553 or AASHTO T 44 must be less than 250 μm. bReport only for spray application. cThe Engineer waives the viscosity requirements if the sup plier provides written certification the asphalt binder can be adequately pumped and mixed at temperatures meeting applicable safety standards. dThe residue from mass change determination may be used for other tests. eTest temperature is the temperature at which G*/sin(delta) is 2.2 kPa. A graph of log G*/sin(delta) plotted against temperature may be used to determine the test temperature when G*/sin(delta) is 2.2 kPa. A graph of (delta) versus temperature may be used t o determine delta at the temperature when G*/sin(delta) is 2.2 kPa. The graph must have at least 2 points that envelope G*/sin(delta) of 2.2 kPa, and the test temperature must not be more than 6 °C apart. The Engineer also accepts direct measurement of del ta at the temperature when G*/sin(delta) is 2.2 kPa. fTests without a force ductility clamp may be performed. gRTFO means rolling thin film oven. hPAV means Pressure Aging Vessel. Do not modify PG modified asphalt binder using polyphosphoric acid. Crumb rubber modifier used must be on the Authorized Materials List for crumb rubber modifier. SECTION 92 ASPHALT BINDERS Production equipment for PG modified asphalt binder with crumb rubber modifier must be authorized under the Department's MPQP . Crumb rubber must be derived from waste tires described in Pub Res Code § 42703 and must be free from contaminants including fabric, metal, minerals, and other nonrubber substances. PG modified asphalt binder modified with crumb rubber must be homogeneous and must not contain visible particles of crumb rubber. The supplier of PG modified asphalt binder modified with crumb rubber must:

92-1.03 Construction

Not Used

92-1.04 Payment

If asphalt binder is paid for as a bid item, the payment quantity for any type of asphalt binder is measured by weight . If a partial load of asphalt binder is used and a scale is not available withi n 20 miles, the weight of asphalt binder remaining on the transporting vehicle may be determined from volumetric measurements provided that the asphalt binder is delivered in a calibrated tank with a measuring stick and calibration card or trucks equipped with a vehicle tank meter and a calibrated thermometer that determines the asphalt binder temperature at delivery. Before converting the volume to weight, the volume measured must be reduced to what the asphalt binder would occupy at 60 degrees F. Use the following conversion table to convert asphalt binder volume to weight: 90SECTION 92 ASPHALT BINDERS Conversion Table t A B t A B t A B -13 1.0257 1.0294 22 1.0133 1.0152 57 1.0010 1.0012 -12 1.0253 1.0290 23 1.0129 1.0148 58 1.0007 1.0008 -11 1.0250 1.0286 24 1.0126 1.0144 59 1.0003 1.0004 -10 1.0246 1.0282 1.0122 1.0140 1.0000 1.0000 -9 1.0243 1.0277 26 1.0119 1.0136 61 0.9996 0.9996 -8 1.0239 1.0273 27 1.0115 1.0132 62 0.9993 0.9992 -7 1.0236 1.0269 28 1.0112 1.0128 63 0.9989 0.9988 -6 1.0232 1.0265 29 1.0108 1.0124 64 0.9986 0.9984 -5 1.0228 1.0261 1.0105 1.0120 0.9982 0.9980 -4 1.0225 1.0257 31 1.0101 1.0116 66 0.9979 0.9976 -3 1.0221 1.0253 32 1.0098 1.0112 67 0.9975 0.9972 -2 1.0218 1.0249 33 1.0094 1.0108 68 0.9972 0.9968 -1 1.0214 1.0245 34 1.0091 1.0104 69 0.9968 0.9964 0 1.0211 1.0241 1.0087 1.0100 0.9965 0.9960 1 1.0207 1.0237 36 1.0084 1.0096 71 0.9961 0.9956 2 1.0204 1.0233 37 1.0080 1.0091 72 0.9958 0.9952 3 1.0200 1.0229 38 1.0077 1.0087 73 0.9954 0.9948 4 1.0197 1.0225 39 1.0073 1.0083 74 0.9951 0.9944 5 1.0193 1.0221 1.0070 1.0079 0.9947 0.9940 6 1.0189 1.0217 41 1.0066 1.0075 76 0.9944 0.9936 7 1.0186 1.0212 42 1.0063 1.0071 77 0.9940 0.9932 8 1.0182 1.0208 43 1.0059 1.0067 78 0.9937 0.9928 9 1.0179 1.0204 44 1.0056 1.0063 79 0.9933 0.9924 10 1.0175 1.0200 1.0052 1.0059 0.9930 0.9920 11 1.0172 1.0196 46 1.0049 1.0055 81 0.9926 0.9916 12 1.0168 1.0192 47 1.0045 1.0051 82 0.9923 0.9912 13 1.0165 1.0188 48 1.0042 1.0047 83 0.9919 0.9908 14 1.0161 1.0184 49 1.0038 1.0043 84 0.9916 0.9904 15 1.0158 1.0180 1.0035 1.0039 0.9913 0.9900 16 1.0154 1.0176 51 1.0031 1.0035 86 0.9909 0.9897 17 1.0151 1.0172 52 1.0028 1.0031 87 0.9906 0.9893 18 1.0147 1.0168 53 1.0024 1.0027 88 0.9902 0.9889 19 1.0144 1.0164 54 1.0021 1.0023 89 0.9899 0.9885 20 1.0140 1.0160 1.0017 1.0019 0.9895 0.9881 21 1.0136 1.0156 56 1.0014 1.0016 91 0.9892 0.9877 Notes: t = observed t emperature in degrees F . A = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 °F of 60.3 pcf or higher . B = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 6 0 °F of from 53.1 to 60.2 pcf . 125130 160165 195SECTION 92 ASPHALT BINDERS Conversion Table —Continued t A B t A B t A B 92 0.9888 0.9873 127 0.9768 0.9736 162 0.9648 0.9601 93 0.9885 0.9869 128 0.9764 0.9732 163 0.9645 0.9597 94 0.9881 0.9865 129 0.9761 0.9728 164 0.9641 0.9593 0.9878 0.9861 0.9757 0.9724 0.9638 0.9589 96 0.9874 0.9857 131 0.9754 0.9720 166 0.9634 0.9585 97 0.9871 0.9853 132 0.9750 0.9716 167 0.9631 0.9581 98 0.9867 0.9849 133 0.9747 0.9713 168 0.9628 0.9578 99 0.9864 0.9845 134 0.9744 0.9709 169 0.9624 0.9574 0.9861 0.9841 0.9740 0.9705 0.9621 0.9570 101 0.9857 0.9837 136 0.9737 0.9701 171 0.9617 0.9566 102 0.9854 0.9834 137 0.9733 0.9697 172 0.9614 0.9562 103 0.9850 0.9830 138 0.9730 0.9693 173 0.9611 0.9558 104 0.9847 0.9826 139 0.9726 0.9689 174 0.9607 0.9555 0.9843 0.9822 0.9723 0.9685 0.9604 0.9551 106 0.9840 0.9818 141 0.9720 0.9682 176 0.9600 0.9547 107 0.9836 0.9814 142 0.9716 0.9678 177 0.9597 0.9543 108 0.9833 0.9810 143 0.9713 0.9674 178 0.9594 0.9539 109 0.9830 0.9806 144 0.9709 0.9670 179 0.9590 0.9535 0.9826 0.9802 0.9706 0.9666 0.9587 0.9532 111 0.9823 0.9798 146 0.9703 0.9662 181 0.9583 0.9528 112 0.9819 0.9794 147 0.9699 0.9658 182 0.9580 0.9524 113 0.9816 0.9790 148 0.9696 0.9654 183 0.9577 0.9520 114 0.9812 0.9787 149 0.9692 0.9651 184 0.9573 0.9516 0.9809 0.9783 0.9689 0.9647 0.9570 0.9513 116 0.9805 0.9779 151 0.9685 0.9643 186 0.9567 0.9509 117 0.9802 0.9775 152 0.9682 0.9639 187 0.9563 0.9505 118 0.9799 0.9771 153 0.9679 0.9635 188 0.9560 0.9501 119 0.9795 0.9767 154 0.9675 0.9631 189 0.9556 0.9497 0.9792 0.9763 0.9672 0.9627 0.9553 0.9493 121 0.9788 0.9759 156 0.9668 0.9624 191 0.9550 0.9490 122 0.9785 0.9755 157 0.9665 0.9620 192 0.9546 0.9486 123 0.9781 0.9751 158 0.9662 0.9616 193 0.9543 0.9482 124 0.9778 0.9748 159 0.9658 0.9612 194 0.9540 0.9478 0.9774 0.9744 0.9655 0.9608 0.9536 0.9474 126 0.9771 0.9740 161 0.9651 0.9604 196 0.9533 0.9471 Notes: t = observed t emperature in degrees F . A = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 °F of 60.3 pcf or higher . B = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 °F of from 53.1 to 60.2 pcf . 230235 265270 300SECTION 92 ASPHALT BINDERS Conversion Table —Continued t A B t A B t A B 197 0.9529 0.9467 232 0.9412 0.9335 267 0.9296 0.9204 198 0.9526 0.9463 233 0.9409 0.9331 268 0.9292 0.9201 199 0.9523 0.9459 234 0.9405 0.9327 269 0.9289 0.9197 0.9519 0.9455 0.9402 0.9324 0.9286 0.9193 201 0.9516 0.9452 236 0.9399 0.9320 271 0.9282 0.9190 202 0.9513 0.9448 237 0.9395 0.9316 272 0.9279 0.9186 203 0.9509 0.9444 238 0.9392 0.9312 273 0.9276 0.9182 204 0.9506 0.9440 239 0.9389 0.9309 274 0.9273 0.9179 0.9503 0.9437 0.9385 0.9305 0.9269 0.9175 206 0.9499 0.9433 241 0.9382 0.9301 276 0.9266 0.9171 207 0.9496 0.9429 242 0.9379 0.9297 277 0.9263 0.9168 208 0.9492 0.9425 243 0.9375 0.9294 278 0.9259 0.9164 209 0.9489 0.9421 244 0.9372 0.9290 279 0.9256 0.9160 0.9486 0.9418 0.9369 0.9286 0.9253 0.9156 211 0.9482 0.9414 246 0.9365 0.9283 281 0.9249 0.9153 212 0.9479 0.9410 247 0.9362 0.9279 282 0.9246 0.9149 213 0.9476 0.9406 248 0.9359 0.9275 283 0.9243 0.9145 214 0.9472 0.9403 249 0.9355 0.9271 284 0.9240 0.9142 0.9469 0.9399 0.9352 0.9268 0.9236 0.9138 216 0.9466 0.9395 251 0.9349 0.9264 286 0.9233 0.9134 217 0.9462 0.9391 252 0.9345 0.9260 287 0.9230 0.9131 218 0.9459 0.9387 253 0.9342 0.9256 288 0.9226 0.9127 219 0.9456 0.9384 254 0.9339 0.9253 289 0.9223 0.9123 0.9452 0.9380 0.9335 0.9249 0.9220 0.9120 221 0.9449 0.9376 256 0.9332 0.9245 291 0.9217 0.9116 222 0.9445 0.9372 257 0.9329 0.9242 292 0.9213 0.9112 223 0.9442 0.9369 258 0.9325 0.9238 293 0.9210 0.9109 224 0.9439 0.9365 259 0.9322 0.9234 294 0.9207 0.9105 0.9435 0.9361 0.9319 0.9230 0.9203 0.9101 226 0.9432 0.9357 261 0.9316 0.9227 296 0.9200 0.9098 227 0.9429 0.9354 262 0.9312 0.9223 297 0.9197 0.9094 228 0.9425 0.9350 263 0.9309 0.9219 298 0.9194 0.9090 229 0.9422 0.9346 264 0.9306 0.9216 299 0.9190 0.9087 0.9419 0.9342 0.9302 0.9212 0.9187 0.9083 231 0.9415 0.9339 266 0.9299 0.9208 301 0.9184 0.9079 Notes: t = observed t emperature in degrees F . A = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 °F of 60.3 pcf or higher . B = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 °F of from 53.1 to 60.2 pcf . 335340 370375 405SECTION 92 ASPHALT BINDERS Conversion Table —Continued t A B t A B t A B 302 0.9180 0.9076 337 0.9066 0.8949 372 0.8953 0.8823 303 0.9177 0.9072 338 0.9063 0.8945 373 0.8950 0.8820 304 0.9174 0.9068 339 0.9060 0.8942 374 0.8947 0.8816 0.9171 0.9065 0.9057 0.8938 0.8944 0.8813 306 0.9167 0.9061 341 0.9053 0.8934 376 0.8940 0.8809 307 0.9164 0.9058 342 0.9050 0.8931 377 0.8937 0.8806 308 0.9161 0.9054 343 0.9047 0.8927 378 0.8934 0.8802 309 0.9158 0.9050 344 0.9044 0.8924 379 0.8931 0.8798 0.9154 0.9047 0.9040 0.8920 0.8928 0.8795 311 0.9151 0.9043 346 0.9037 0.8916 381 0.8924 0.8791 312 0.9148 0.9039 347 0.9034 0.8913 382 0.8921 0.8788 313 0.9144 0.9036 348 0.9031 0.8909 383 0.8918 0.8784 314 0.9141 0.9032 349 0.9027 0.8906 384 0.8915 0.8781 0.9138 0.9028 0.9024 0.8902 0.8911 0.8777 316 0.9135 0.9025 351 0.9021 0.8898 386 0.8908 0.8774 317 0.9131 0.9021 352 0.9018 0.8895 387 0.8905 0.8770 318 0.9128 0.9018 353 0.9014 0.8891 388 0.8902 0.8767 319 0.9125 0.9014 354 0.9011 0.8888 389 0.8899 0.8763 0.9122 0.9010 0.9008 0.8884 0.8895 0.8760 321 0.9118 0.9007 356 0.9005 0.8880 391 0.8892 0.8756 322 0.9115 0.9003 357 0.9002 0.8877 392 0.8889 0.8752 323 0.9112 0.8999 358 0.8998 0.8873 393 0.8886 0.8749 324 0.9109 0.8996 359 0.8995 0.8870 394 0.8883 0.8745 0.9105 0.8992 0.8992 0.8866 0.8880 0.8742 326 0.9102 0.8988 361 0.8989 0.8863 396 0.8876 0.8738 327 0.9099 0.8985 362 0.8985 0.8859 397 0.8873 0.8735 328 0.9096 0.8981 363 0.8982 0.8855 398 0.8870 0.8731 329 0.9092 0.8978 364 0.8979 0.8852 399 0.8867 0.8728 0.9089 0.8974 0.8976 0.8848 0.8864 0.8724 331 0.9086 0.8970 366 0.8973 0.8845 401 0.8860 0.8721 332 0.9083 0.8967 367 0.8969 0.8841 402 0.8857 0.8717 333 0.9079 0.8963 368 0.8966 0.8838 403 0.8854 0.8714 334 0.9076 0.8960 369 0.8963 0.8834 404 0.8851 0.8710 0.9073 0.8956 0.8960 0.8830 0.8848 0.8707 336 0.9070 0.8952 371 0.8956 0.8827 406 0.8844 0.8703 Notes: t = observed t emperature in degrees F . A = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 °F of 60.3 pcf or higher . B = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 ° F of from 53.1 to 60.2 pcf . 440445 475480 510SECTION 92 ASPHALT BINDERS Conversion Table —Continued t A B t A B t A B 407 0.8841 0.8700 442 0.8730 0.8578 477 0.8621 0.8457 408 0.8838 0.8696 443 0.8727 0.8574 478 0.8617 0.8454 409 0.8835 0.8693 444 0.8724 0.8571 479 0.8614 0.8450 0.8832 0.8689 0.8721 0.8567 0.8611 0.8447 411 0.8829 0.8686 446 0.8718 0.8564 481 0.8608 0.8443 412 0.8825 0.8682 447 0.8715 0.8560 482 0.8605 0.8440 413 0.8822 0.8679 448 0.8711 0.8557 483 0.8602 0.8437 414 0.8819 0.8675 449 0.8708 0.8553 484 0.8599 0.8433 0.8816 0.8672 0.8705 0.8550 0.8596 0.8430 416 0.8813 0.8668 451 0.8702 0.8546 486 0.8593 0.8426 417 0.8809 0.8665 452 0.8699 0.8543 487 0.8589 0.8322 418 0.8806 0.8661 453 0.8696 0.8540 488 0.8586 0.8318 419 0.8803 0.8658 454 0.8693 0.8536 489 0.8583 0.8315 0.8800 0.8654 0.8689 0.8533 0.8580 0.8311 421 0.8797 0.8651 456 0.8686 0.8529 491 0.8577 0.8308 422 0.8794 0.8647 457 0.8683 0.8526 492 0.8574 0.8406 423 0.8790 0.8644 458 0.8680 0.8522 493 0.8571 0.8403 424 0.8787 0.8640 459 0.8677 0.8519 494 0.8568 0.8399 0.8784 0.8637 0.8674 0.8515 0.8565 0.8396 426 0.8781 0.8633 461 0.8671 0.8512 496 0.8561 0.8392 427 0.8778 0.8630 462 0.8667 0.8509 497 0.8558 0.8389 428 0.8775 0.8626 463 0.8664 0.8505 498 0.8555 0.8386 429 0.8771 0.8623 464 0.8661 0.8502 499 0.8552 0.8382 0.8768 0.8619 0.8658 0.8498 0.8549 0.8379 431 0.8765 0.8616 466 0.8655 0.8495 501 0.8546 0.8376 432 0.8762 0.8612 467 0.8652 0.8491 502 0.8543 0.8372 433 0.8759 0.8609 468 0.8649 0.8488 503 0.8540 0.8369 434 0.8756 0.8605 469 0.8646 0.8485 504 0.8537 0.8365 0.8752 0.8602 0.8642 0.8481 0.8534 0.8362 436 0.8749 0.8598 471 0.8639 0.8478 506 0.8530 0.8359 437 0.8746 0.8595 472 0.8636 0.8474 507 0.8527 0.8355 438 0.8743 0.8591 473 0.8633 0.8471 508 0.8524 0.8352 439 0.8740 0.8588 474 0.8630 0.8467 509 0.8521 0.8348 0.8737 0.8584 0.8627 0.8464 0.8518 0.8345 441 0.8734 0.8581 476 0.8624 0.8461 511 0.8515 0.8342 Notes: t = observed t emperature in degrees F . A = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 °F of 60.3 pcf or higher . B = multiplier for reducing volumes to the basis of 60 °F, for asphalt binder with density at 60 °F of from 53.1 to 60.2 pcf .