for Highway Construction Page 473 of 71 5 SECTIO N 601 – PIPES, GENERAL
601.01 Description.
Construct culverts, siphons, irrigation lines , sewers, underdrains, and embankment protectors .
601.02 Materials.
. Meet the joint requirements of AASHTO R 82 for silt -tight a nd leak -resistant joints . Determine the strength and thickness of the pipe required based on the cover over the pipe (see Standard Drawings). Provide the specified type of pipe , including gaskets , if required. Provide pipe extensions of the same material type or class as the existing pipe. Provide materials as specified in: Concrete Sewer Pipe ............................................................................................................... 706.02 Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage .................................................................................. 706.03 Reinforced Concrete Pipe ........................................................................................................ 706.04 Corrugated Metal Pipe ............................................................................................................. 706.06 ABS Composite Sewer Pipe .................................................................................................... 706.13 Class PS 46 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe ............................................................................. 706.14 Ribbed Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC ) Pipe ..................................................................................... 706.15 Steel Reinforced Ribbed Polyethylene (SRRPE) Pipe ............................................................. 706.18 Polypropylene Pipe .................................................................................................................. 706.19
601.03 Construction Requirements.
A.General. Anchor exposed culvert ends with headwalls or standard metal or concrete end sections. The Contractor may bore or jack to cross under cross walks, house drives, or service pipes. Minimum and maximum pipe cover heights will b e measured from top of pipe to finished grade. Designs for larger pipe sizes, different pipe cover heights or conditions not included in these Standard Specifications or the Special Provisions, must be performed by an Idaho licensed professional engineer.
B.Concrete Pipe . Install concrete pipe to meet ASTM C1479. Recess the pipe bedding to receive pipe bells. Pipes that show cracks or other damage will be rejected. Minimum concrete pipe cover is 1 foot. for Highway Construction Page 474 of 715 Provide mastic joints for elliptical concrete pipe or gasketed joints for round concrete pipe. Mastic joints are classified as silt tight, while gasketed joints are classified as watertight. Lay concrete pipe beginning at the lower end with the receiving end upstream, with the ends fully and closely joined. Construct joints using one of the following methods:
1.Mastic Joints. Clean the bell and spigot joint surfaces. Remove any dirt, debris, flashing, or concrete high point s that could keep the joint from coming together. Place mastic on the leading outside edge of the spigot, all the way around the circumference of the spigot. Join the sealant into 1 continuous strand by kneading the ends together where they m eet. Do not stretch or overlap the sealant. Once the sealant is installed, do not step on the sealant or allow dirt or debris to fall on to the sealant.
2.Gasketed Joints . Three types of gaskets are common to concrete pipe: O -ring, profile, and self - lubricating. The Contractor will coordinate with the manufacturer to properly install the gaskets and lubricate, if necessary. Test the line for leakage in accordance with ASTM C969. Substitute reasonable procedures for other materials where necessary if a similar ASTM specification does not exi st for the material being tested. The Engineer will not accept the sewer line if the water loss exceeds 200 gallons per inch of pipe diameter per mile per day. Locate and correct any leaks if the loss exceeds the volume allowed. The Contractor may use the low -pressure air method as an acceptable alternate to hydraulic testing per ASTM C1214. Construct manholes, catch basins, inlets , sediment and oil trap manholes, and sediment c ontrol catch basins as specified in 609.
C.Corrugated Metal Pipe . Install corrugated metal pipe to meet ASTM A798. Lay the corrugated metal pipe with the outside laps of the circumferential joints pointing upstream and with the longitudinal laps on the sides. Place the lugs on the coupling metal pipe bands to 1 side of the pipe top centerline so they will not extend above the pipe. Install silt -tight coupling bands for corrugated metal pipes. Corrugated metal pipe should not be used in locations where a leak -resistant conduit is required.
D.Plastic Pipe. Submit a certificate of compliance for plastic pipe, including the average pipe stiffness, r esin material cell classification , and manufacture date. Install plastic pipe to meet AS TM D2321 and the manufacturer’s written instructions. All plastic pipe will be inspected with a mandrel, not sooner than 30 calendar days after the final backfill has been placed and compacted. The mandrel will be set at 5 per cent less than the actual inside diameter of the pipe. The diameter of the mandrel will be verified with a proving ring or other met hod according to the manufacturer’s written instructions. The mandrel must contain at least 9 equally spaced runners (40° angles). The mandrel inspection will be performed in the Engineer’s presence. Failure to pass the mandrel test with less than 5 percent deflection will result in rejection and installation of new pipe. Testing for original sections and retesting of replaced sections will be repeated until 100 percent of the pipes can pass the test. for Highway Construction Page 475 of 71 5 Use fittings that me et ASTM D3212. Use gaskets that meet ASTM F477. Do not use couplings unless Engineer approved. Test lines for leakage in accordance with ASTM F2164. No leakage rate is allowed. The Contractor may test by the low -press ure air method as an acceptable alternate to hydraulic testing in accordance with ASTM F1417. Table 601.03.D -1 – Minimum Plastic Pipe Cover Heights Road Surface Type Minimum Plastic Pipe Cover Height (a) (FT) Flexible Pavement or Unpaved 2.0 Rigid Pavement 1.5
a.Minimum cover for plastic pipe larger than 48 inch diameter is half the pipe diameter.
601.04 Method of Measurement.
The Engineer will measure acceptably completed work as specified in the cont ract pay items . The Department will list pipe by diameter and total estimated length in the bid schedule. Each diameter category may include 1 or a combination of types, thickness, or class of material.
601.05 Basis of Payment .
The Department will pay for accepted quantities of pipe by type at the contract unit price shown on the bid sche dule. The Department will not adjust the contract unit price because of normal minor adjustment s in length of individual kinds of pipe. for Highway Construction Page 476 of 71 5 SECTION 602 – CULVERTS
602.01 Description.
Provide and install culverts.
602.02 Material s.
Provide materials as specified in 601. Provide pipe joints that are either silt -tight or leak -resistance as specified in 601.02. Provide size No. 1, 2a, or 2b coarse aggregate for concrete as specified in 703.02. ¾” Aggregate for Untreat ed Base, Type B as specified in 703.04 with Class A compaction may be used in the bedding zone. Provide c ontrolled density fill as specified in 522.
602.03 Construction Requirements.
Install pipes as specified in 601.03. In continuous water flow situations (e.g., creek crossings), place controlled density fill in the bedding zone for 3 feet of culvert length at the upstream end.
602.04 Method of Measurement.
The Engineer will measure acceptably completed work by the foot along pipe centerline. The Engineer will allow an additional 1 foot for each connecting band used in making an authorized extens ion of existing corrugated metal pipe. The Engineer will include culvert sections attached to aprons in the measurement of culverts. Pipe aprons required only because PV C or PE pipe is used will not be measured or paid for separately when other pipe material is acceptable.
602.05 Basis of Payment .
The Department will pay for accepted quantities as follows: Pay Item Pay Unit _____ Pipe Culverts .............................................................................. FT _____ Pipe A rch ..................................................................................... FT Structure excavation, compacting backfill, trench zone backfill , and pipe bedding zone material are incidental and included in the culvert contract unit price.
Source: Idaho Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2023 Edition. Pages 509–511 of 768.