REINFORCING STEEL FOR ST RUCTURES 511.02 403 The Department will consider the cost of the following to be included in the contract unit price for relevant wall pay item: Engineering and associated costs, Excavation, Backfill, Backfill material, Concrete, Reinforcing ste el, Form liners, Perforated pipe underdrain, Geocomposites, Filter fabric, Pipe underdrain cover material, Concrete surface finish, and Sheeting and shoring. The Department will pay for drilled shafts and piling required by the Contract in accordance with Section 516, "Drilled Shaft Foundations," and Section 514, "Driven Foundation Piles," respectively.
511.01 Description
This work consists of providing and placing reinforcing steel.
511.02 Materials
A.General Provide reinforcing steel consisting of deformed bars, epoxy -coated deformed bars, and cold -drawn wire mesh. Provide reinforcing steel in accordance with Section 723, “Reinforcing Steel.” Ensure the strength requirements are in accordance with Grade 60 (420), unless otherwise required by the Contract. Provide cold -drawn wire for spiral ties and other reinforcing designated in W (wire) sizes.
B.Bar Lists and Bending Diagrams Use the bar list and bending diagrams in the Contract to estimate quantities. Ensure bent bars are dimensioned out -to-out. Before ordering, ver ify and correct the quantity, size, and shape of the bar reinforcement. If the bar list and bending diagram are not included in the Plans, create and submit them for the Engineer’s approval in accordance with Subsection 105.02, “Plans and Working Drawings. ” Obtain the Engineer’s approval before constructing vertical reinforcement in columns, walls, and piers.
511.04 Reinforcing Steel for Structures
404 C. Fabrication
1.Bending Fabricate reinforcing bars in accordance with ACI 318 (318M). Cold -bend reinforcing bars unless otherwise required by the Contract. If the Engineer allows heating for field bending reinforcing bars, ensure the physical properties of the steel remain unaltered. Do not bend bars partially embedded in concrete unless otherwise required by the Contract.
2.Hook and Bend Dimensions If the hook dimensions or the bend diameters are not shown on the Plans, provide hooks in accordance with ACI 318 (318M).
3.Identification Ship bar reinforcement in standard bundles, tagged and marked in accorda nce with CRSI Manual of Standard Practice .
511.03 Equipment — Vacant
511.04 Construction Methods
A.Protection of Material
1.General Store reinforcing steel on platforms or skids. Protect steel from damage. Use clean reinforcing steel meeting the minimum dimensions, cross -sectional area, and tensile properties in accordance with the Contract required steel size and grade. Use reinforcing steel that is not cracked, laminated, or contaminated with deleterious material. Leave thin, powdery rust and tight rust that does not affect the cross section.
2.Epoxy Coated Reinforcing Support coated bars on pads. Pad bundled bands. Lift bars using a strong back, multiple supports, or a platform bridge. Prevent bar -to-bar abrasion. Avoid dropping or dragg ing bundles. Protect epoxy coated steel reinforcing bars stored outdoors longer than two months at the project site from direct sunlight by covering the bars with a non -transparent material, or other suitable opaque protective material. Record the date on which the coated bars arrive at the project site and place an identification tag on the bundled reinforcing steel. Reject bars that become noticeably discolored or chalky as determined by the Engineer. Inspect the bars for coating damage before placemen t. Clean damaged areas by removing contaminants and damaged coating. Remove rust by blast -cleaning or power -tool-cleaning. Roughen the areas, then patch the defects with prequalified patching, or repai r in accordance with ASTM A775 a fter placement, clea n and patch new damage. Treat the damaged bars as specified by the resin manufacturer, before oxidation occurs. Overlap the original coating with the patching material by 2 in [50 mm], or as recommended by the manufacturer. Provide a dry film thickness a t least 8 mil [200 mm] thick on the patched areas. REINFORCING STEEL FOR STRUCTURES 511.04 405 Replace bars with severely damaged coatings. The Department considers severely damaged coating as a coating with damage to at least 18 in [450 mm] of the bar length and 5 percent of the surface area. Coa t mechanical splices after splice installation in accordance with ASTM A 775 for patching damaged epoxy coatings.
B.Placing and Fastening
1.General Place reinforcing steel in the positions required by the Contract. While placing concrete, use supports to firmly hold the reinforcing steel in place. The Department will not allow spot -welding of reinforcing steel. Measure the spacing of parallel bars from center to center. For circular cages, measure along the curve. For concrete clearance, measure the distance from the concrete face to reinforcing steel. Space parallel bars, center to center, from two and one -half times the bar diameter to one and one-half times the maximum nominal size of the concrete coarse aggregate plus one bar diameter. Place reinf orcing steel within ¼ in [6 mm] of the location indicated for bridge decks. For slabs and walls less than 12 in [300 mm] thick, place reinforcing steel within ½ in [12 mm] of the location shown on the Plans. Provide 2 in [50 mm] of clear cover, measured perpendicular to the nearest concrete surface, for reinforcement unless otherwise specified in the Contract. For structure elements in direct contact with the ground, such as footings, abutments, retaining walls, and piers, provide 3 in [75 mm] of clear c over. Space parallel bars within 1½ in [40 mm] of the Contract required spacing. The Engineer will not accept cumulated spacing variations. Ensure the average of the spaces between two adjacent spaces does not exceed the Contract required spacing. Tie reinforcing bars at intersections for mats and cages. If spacing is less than 12 in [300 mm] in both directions, tie alternate intersections. Tie intersections around the perimeter of a mat. Tie intersections of the last stirrup, hoop, or complete turn of a spiral at both ends of a cage. Tie bundle bars together at intervals no greater than 6 ft [2 m]. Bundle bars only if the location and splice details are required in the Contract. Use plastic -coated ties to tie epoxy -coated bars. Obtain Engineer approv al before placing concrete reinforcement.
2.Support System Support reinforcing steel with mortar blocks, wire bar supports, supplementary bars, or other approved devices. Use enough supports to maintain the bar position within tolerances. Space slab bar supports no more than 4 ft [1.2 m] apart, transversely or longitudinally. The Department will not allow the use of reinforcing steel or bar supports to carry equipment and platforms for workers.
3.Mortar Blocks Use mortar blocks with the same color an d texture as the poured concrete encasing the mortar block. Provide mortar blocks with a compressive strength equal to or greater than that of the
511.05 Reinforcing Steel for Structures
406 poured concrete encasing the mortar block. For blocks in contact with the forms, make the face of the block s no bigger than 2 in × 2 in [50 mm × 50 mm]. Attach concrete block supports to the bar with 14 gauge [2 mm] wire cast in the center of each block. If supporting epoxy -coated reinforcing, use plastic or epoxy -coated wire.
4.Wire Supports Use ferrous me tal chairs and bolsters in accordance with the CRSI Manual of Standard Practice if using wire supports . Use Class 1 plastic -protected, Class 1 Type A epoxy -coated, or Class 2 Type B stainless -steel -protected metal supports in contact with exposed concrete surfaces and metal deck forms. Use stainless steel supports in accordance with ASTM A 493, Type 430. Use a dielectric material to coat chairs, tie -wires, and other devices that support, position, or fasten epoxy -coated reinforcement. Use plastic suppor ts only for prestressed concrete bridge members.
C.Splices
1.General Provide reinforcing steel in lengths required by the Contract. Unless otherwise required by the Contract, obtain written approval by the Engineer before splicing, except for splices o f No. 4 [No. 13] or smaller bars.
2.Lapped Splices Provide lap lengths as shown on the Plans. Splice reinforcing bars at locations shown on the Plans. Stagger splices if possible. Do not place slab bar mechanical splices next to each other. Make lapped splices by wiring the reinforcing bars together to maintain their position. The Department will not allow lap splicing of bars larger than No. 11 [No. 36] bars; use welded or mechanical splices approved by the Engineer.
3.Mechanical Splices Use mechanical couplers with at least 125 percent of the Contract required yield strength of the reinforcing steel if indicated . Remove and test two of every one hundred coupler splices installed to verify the capacity when directed by the Engineer. The Engin eer will randomly select the splices for testing.
4.Splicing of Mesh Flatten the fabric before placement of for welded wire fabric shipped in rolls. Splice sheets of mesh or bar mat reinforcement by overlapping at least one mesh width plus 2 in [50 mm]. Securely fasten at the ends and edges.
511.05 Method of Measuremen T
The Engineer will measure reinforcing steel in the concrete based on the total calculated weight [mass] for the sizes and lengths of bars, wire, or welded wire fabric required by the Contract. The Engineer will calculate the weight [mass] of plain or epoxy -coated reinforcing bars in accordance with Table 511:1, “Reinforcing Bar Weights.” The Engineer will calculate the weight [mass] of reinforcing wire, welded wire fabric, and plain bar of sizes other than those listed in Table 511:1. REINFORCING STEEL FOR STRUCTURES 511.06 407 Table 511:1 Reinforcing Bar Weight[Mass] Bar Designation, No. Nominal Weight [Mass], lb/ft [kg/m] (English [metric]) 3 [10] 0.376 [0.560] 4 [13] 0.668 [0.994] 5 [16] 1.043 [1.552] 6 [19] 1.502 [2.235] 7 [22] 2.044 [3.042] 8 [25] 2.670 [3.973] 9 [29] 3.400 [5.060] 10 [32] 4.303 [6.404] 11 [36] 5.313 [7.907] 14 [43] 7.650 [11.380] 18 [57] 13.600 [20.240] The Engineer will not measure the following: Weight [mass] of reinforcing steel if the weight [mass] has been included in the weight [mass] of structural members using reinforcing steel, Weight [mass] of epoxy coating to calculate the weight [mass] of epoxy -coated reinforcing steel, and Weight [mass] of reinforcing steel, placed for the convenience of the Contractor, that exceeds the plan quan tity for Reinforcing Steel and Epoxy Coated Reinforcing Steel .
511.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.REINFORCING STEEL Pound [Kilogram]
B.EPOXY COATED REINFORCING STEEL Pound [Kilogram] If not included in the measurement of the relevant structural steel pay item, include the cost of threaded bars or dowels, placed after the installation of precast members to attach members to cast-in-place concrete, in the contract unit price for Reinforcing Steel . Include the cost of material for fastening the reinforcement in the contract unit price for Reinforcing Steel . Include the cost of authorized additional steel, required for splices or reinforcement not required by the Contract, in the contract unit price for Reinforcing Steel and Epoxy Coated Reinforcing Steel .
512.01 Painting
408 SECTION 512 PAINTING
512.01 Description
A.General This work consists of preparing surfaces, applying and curing paint, properly managing materials used in the work zone, properly identifying, managing, and disposing of wastes generated during or as a result of the work in ac cordance with legal requirements, and protecting the work facilities, vehicles, public, and environment from damage. Compliance with Federal, State, and local legal environmental requirements, is required. Federal, State, and local legal environmental requ irements, govern in the event of any inconsistency within these specifications.
B.References, Definitions, and Abbreviations Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) . CERCLA is commonly referred to as “Superfund.” Code of Federal Regulations (CFR ). To obtain a copy, contact: Superintendent of Documents General Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Telephone (202) 783 -3238 Comply with the CFR, including but not limited to the following titles: 29 CFR 1910, “Occupationa l Safety and Health Standards,” 29 CFR 1926, “Safety and Health Regulations for Construction,” 29 CFR 1926.62, “Lead,” 40 CFR 50, App. B, “Reference Method for the Determination of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere (High -Volume Method),” 40 CFR 50, App. J, “Reference Method for Determination of Particulate Matter as PM -10, in the Atmosphere,” 40 CFR 50.6, “National Primary and Secondary Ambient Air Quality Standards for Particulate Matter,” 40 CFR 50, App. G, “Reference Method for the Determi nation of Lead in Suspended Particulate Matter Collected from Ambient Air,” 40 CFR50.12, “National Primary and Secondary Ambient Air Quality Standards for Lead,” 40 CFR 261, “Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste,” 40CFR 262, “Standard Applicable t o Generators of Hazardous Waste,” 40 CFR 263, “Standards Applicable to Transporters of Hazardous Waste,” 40 CFR 265 Subpart D, “Contingency Plan and Emergency Procedures,” 40 CFR 268, “Land Disposal Restrictions,”
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 417–421 of 935.