TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC) 855.02
854.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.TRAFFIC STRIPE PAINT Linear Foot [Meter]
B.TRAFFIC STRIPE PAINT (ARROW, WORDS, OR SYMBOLS) Each
855.01 Description
This work consists of providing and placing reflectorized plastic pavement markings on asphalt concrete (AC) and Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement surfaces. This work consists of providing and placing alkyd or hydrocarbon based reflectorized plastic pavement markings on asphalt concrete and Portland cement concrete pavement surfaces.
855.02 Materials
Provide plastic pavement markings materials in accordance with Section 711, “Traffic Stripe,” except yellow thermoplastic material. Provide yellow thermoplastic materi al with a yellow pigment content of at least 4 percent, with a lead -chromate content of at least 60 percent, and in accordance with Table 855:1: Table 855:1 Initial Yellow Color Box Standard 1 2 3 4 X y x Y x y x y 0.5125 0.4866 0.4865 0.4647 0.5 0.4416 0.5348 0.4646 Provide glass beads in accordance with Subsection 711.05, "Glass Beads for Traffic Paint and Thermoplastic ."
A.General When using the alkyd based thermoplastic, the manufacturer has the option of formulating the material according to their own specifications. The requirements specified herein and in Section 711 of the Standard Specifications app ly regardless of the type of formulation used. Provide resin in which the pigment, glass beads, and filler are well dispersed. Ensure the material is free of skins, dirt, and foreign objects.
855.02 Traffic Stripe (Plastic)
Table 855:2 Composition Component Test Method White 1 Yellow 1 Binder 20% min 20% min TiO2, Type II Rutile ASTM D476 10% min - Glass Beads AASHTO T 250 40% min 40% min Yellow Pigment - % min per Manufacturer Calcium Carbonate and Inert Filler 30% max 37.5% max (-200 mesh sieve) 1 Percentages are by weight. Provide alkyd/maleic binder consisting of a mixture of synthetic resins (at least one synthetic resin must be solid at room temperature) and high boiling point plasticizers. At least one -half of the binder composition must be 100% maleic -modified glycerol of rosin, and be no less than 15% by weight of the entire material formulation.
B.Lead -Free Yellow Thermoplastic Traffic Stripe
1.General Provide plastic marking materials for traffic markings applied to asphaltic or Portland cement in accordance with Section 711, “Traffic Stripe .” Clearly mark each bag to show color, weight, pigment type, and lot or batch number. A lot or batch number is each individual mix or blend that produces a finished product ready for use. Ensure each bag contains 50 lbs of material.
a.Pigments Provide lead -free yellow and filler pigments that pass a U.S. Standard Sieve Number 200 when washed free of resins by solvent washing.
b.Prime Provide yellow pigment that is heat resistant and weather -stable. Ensure the yellow pigment is lead -free, organic yellow pigment (C. I. Pigment Yellow 83, opaque version). Do not mix pigment types withi n a batch. Obtain the Engineer’s approval of alternate pigments other than those listed before use in the formulation.
c.Filler Provide filler pigment that is calcium carbonate of 95% purity. TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC) 855.02
d.Binder Provide binder consisting of a mixture of resins, a t least one of which is a solid at room temperature, and high boiling point plasticizers. At least 1/3 of the binder composition must be a hydrocarbon resin, and must be no less than 8% by weight of the entire material formulation.
e.Silica The total si lica used in the formulation must be in the form of glass traffic beads.
f.Glass Traffic Beads Provide glass traffic beads used in the formulation meeting the requirements for AASHTO M 247 Type I.
2.Finished Product Requirements
a.Physical Character istics Unless otherwise specified, the finished thermoplastic pavement marking materials must be a free flowing granular material. The material must remain in the free flowing state in storage for a minimum of six (6) months when stored at temperatures of 100 °F or less. Produce material that is readily applied through thermoplastic equipment at temperatures between 400 and 425 °F.
b.Toxicity When temperatures are up to and including 445 °F, materials must not give off fumes that are toxic or otherwise injurious to persons, animals, or property.
c.Material Stability Provide materials that do not break down or deteriorate when temperatures are held at 400°F for 4 hours.
d.Temperature versus Characteristics The temperature versus viscosity characterist ics of the material in the plastic state must remain constant throughout up to four (4) reheatings to 400 °F, and from batch -to-batch.
e.Chemical Resistance Produce material that is unaffected by contact with sodium chloride, calcium chloride, or other s imilar chemicals on the roadway surface by contact with the oil content of the pavement materials, or by contact from oil droppings from traffic.
f.Softening Point Provide materials that soften at 194 °F when tested by the ring and ball method (ASTM E28).
g.Color The daytime CIE chromaticity coordinates of the material must fall within an area having the following corner points:
855.03 Traffic Stripe (Plastic)
Table 855:3 Daytime CIE Chromaticity Coordinate Corner Points 1 2 3 4 Brightness x y x y x y x y (Y) Yellow 0.435 0.429 0.51 0.489 0.46 0.4 0.56 0.44 30-60 The yellow material must meet the specified color requirements listed in Table 855:3 for yellow before and after 500 hours for yellow of Weather -Ometer exposure. Weather -Ometer exposure will be in accordance with ASTM G155 using Exposure Cycle 1 with a quartz inner filter glass and Type “S” Borosilicate outer filter glass. The nighttime CIE chromaticity coordinates for yellow thermoplastic, when utilizing a retro - reflectometer capable of measuring n ight color of pavement markings in accordance with ASTM E1710, must fall within an area having the following corner points during the life of the stripe: Table 855:4 Nighttime CIE Chromaticity Coordinate Corner Points 1 2 3 4 5 x y x y x y x y x y Yellow 0.53 0.47 0.49 0.44 0.5 0.42 0.51 0.4 0.57 0.43 Characterize non -hazardous traffic stripe materials as defined by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) 40 CFR 261, and use material that does not exude fumes which are hazardous, toxic or detrimental to persons or property. Provide supporting independent analytical data or product safety data sheets (SDS) identifying non -hazardous designations. Additionally, ensure the traffic stripe materials contain no more than 5.0 ppm lead by weight when tested in accordance with the RCRA reference above. Provide supporting independent analytical data.
h.Formulation Table 855:5 Yellow % by Weight Binder 20 min
C.I. Pigment Yellow 83 1.5 min Calcium Carbonate 20-42 Glass Traffic Beads 30-45 Total 100
855.03 Equipment
A Extruded Application (Thermoplastic) Apply the material to the pavement using the extrusion method. TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC) 855.04 Prevent extrusion of the material above the pavement surface. Ensure the equipment parts coming in contact with the material are accessible for cleaning and maintenance. Prevent parts between the main reservoir and the shaping die from clogging. Ensure mixing and conveying parts, including the shaping die, maintain the material at the plastic temperature. Extrude plastic stri pes with continuously uniform dimensions. Use equipment designed to produce a uniform film thickness from 70 mil to 188 mil [1.78 mm to 4.76 mm]. Ensure the shaping die includes a remotely controlled cut -off device to provide clean, square stripe ends, an d to apply skip lines. Do not use pans, aprons, and similar appliances that the die overruns.
B.Mechanical Application (Preformed Plastic Tape) Install preformed pavement line markings with a mechanical applicator that accurately and uniformly places pave ment lines. Equip the mechanical applicator with a film cut -off device and measuring devices that automatically and accumulatively measure the length of each stripe within a 2 percent tolerance.
855.04 Construction Methods
A.Surface Preparation Remove fo reign material from the road surface before applying the plastic marking material. Ensure the pavement surface is dry. For new PCC pavement, clean the pavement surface at stripe locations to remove curing compound at least 1” beyond the width of the marki ng. After removing the curing compound, sweep and use high -pressure air spray. Perform curing compound removal at least 7 days after placing the new PCC pavement, unless otherwise directed by the Resident Engineer. Remove existing stripes at the directio n of the Resident Engineer. On AC and PCC surfaces older than 12 months, or with existing or removed pavement markings, apply a 50/50 blend of a two -part epoxy primer sealer to the area to be striped. Use a primer sealer compatible with the plastic stripi ng material and the pavement surface. Correct pavement markings that are non -uniform or not visible as directed by the Resident Engineer, at no additional cost to the Department. Obtain written approval from the Resident Engineer before placing plastic pavement markings over longitudinal joints. Use abrasive blasting or grinding to remove existing, temporary, or permanent traffic markings until at least 95 percent of the underlying pavement is visible, unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer. Min imize interference between temporary pavement markings and the permanent dual -component pavement marking materials. When applying dual component markings to new PCC pavement, use a high -pressure water jet, sandblasting, or other method approved by the Resi dent Engineer, to remove existing curing
855.04 Traffic Stripe (Plastic)
compound. Remove the curing compound at least 1 in [25 mm] beyond the width of the marking. Sweep and use a high -pressure air spray after removing the curing compound.
B.Application of Markings When temperatures and conditions are not conducive to the installation of permanent pavement markings within the specified time frame, the Engineer may allow and accept the installation of temporary pavement markings instead of permanent markings at no additional cost to the Department. Maintain the temporary markings until temperatures and conditions are conducive for permanent striping.
1.Hot-Applied Plastic Pavement Markings Use the extrusion method for hot applied pavement markings. Ensure the l ines have sharp edges, uniform thickness, good adhesion, and uniform high reflectance. In accordance with the manufacturer recommendations, melt the compound and install at temperatures from 400 °F to 450 °F [204 °C to 232 °C], measured at the pavement su rface. Apply hot thermoplastic markings on clean, dry pavement with a surface temperature of at least 55 °F [13 °C] and rising, and wind chill temperature of at least 45 °F [7 °C]. The Department defines the drying time for pavement markings as the minimum elapsed time after application when the stripe retains its shape and reflectivity, and traffic will not damage the stripe. The Department defines minimum drying times in accordance with the following, at a maximum relative humidity of 70 percent and air temperature of 50 °F [10 °C]: For stripes 188 mil [4.76 mm] thick, 2 min; and For stripes 70 mil [1.78 mm] thick, 1 min. Mix and apply thermoplastic pavement marking material to ensure that stripes retains the original characteristics of the bond to the su rface, resistance to distortions by traffic or climate, and resistance to discoloration. Ensure the thickness of the dry thermoplastic material in accordance with Table 855:6: Table 855:6 Specified Line Thickness Description Standard line thickness, mil [mm] Thin line thickness, mil [mm] Lane and stop lines 120 – 188 [3 – 4.8] 70 – 125 [1.8 – 3.2] Edge, gore, and diagonal lines 90 – 188 [2.3 – 4.8] 70 – 125 [1.8 – 3.2] Words, arrows, and symbols 120 – 188 [3 – 4.8] 70 – 125 [1.8 – 3.2] TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC) 855.04
2.Cold -Applied Plastic Pavement Markings For preformed pavement markings of reflectorized plastic material cold -applied to the pavement surface, coat with a factory -applied, pressure -sensitive adhesive. Apply the material to the AC and PCC surfaces in accor dance with the manufacturer recommendations when the surface temperature is at least 65 °F [18 °C] and rising. If applying the markings at surface temperatures from 65 °F to 50 °F [18 °C to 10 °C], apply the markings in accordance with the manufacturer re commendations, other special instructions, or both. Do not use heat, solvents, or extra adhesives to apply the reflectorized plastic markings, except for surface sealers on PCC surfaces as required by the Contract.
3.Inlaid Installation of Preformed Plas tic Tape For the inlaid method, apply the markings on newly -placed, compacted AC pavement, when the pavement temperature is from 125 °F to 155 °F [52 °C to 68 °C]. Use a mechanical roller to inlay the markings into the AC surface. Ensure the mechanical roller inlays the marking to a depth from 65 percent to 80 percent of the plastic tape thickness. Repair or replace the inlaid markings as approved by the Resident Engineer at no additional cost to the Department if any of the following occurs during inlay ing operations: Distortion of the markings, Failure to provide a uniform appearance, or Improper installation of the markings. Place the markings in the finished surface of installed AC pavement before the end of each work day.
C.Application of Glass Be ads Apply large glass beads at a coverage rate of at least 10 lb per 100 ft² [4.5 kg per 10 m²] before applying standard beads. Apply standard glass beads at a coverage rate of at least 10 lb per 100 ft² [4.5 kg per 10 m²]. For transverse and hand -machin e applied markings, use a single drop of large glass beads at a rate of at least 10 lb per 100 ft² [4.5 kg per 10 m²].
D.Performance Period Ensure markings and replacement markings comply with the Contract requirement for at least 30 calendar days. Withi n 30 days of notification by the Resident Engineer, remove and replace non - compliant pavement markings at no additional cost to the Department.
E.Retroreflectivity Measure stripes with a portable or mobile reflectometer that uses 30 m geometry in accordan ce with ASTM E 1710 and the manufacturer recommendations. Ensure the manufacturer calibrates the reflectometer annually. Keep the annual calibration certification with the reflectometer.
855.04 Traffic Stripe (Plastic)
1.Minimum Retroreflectivity Ensure longitud inal markings meet the minimum retro -reflectivity values in accordance with Table 855:7: Table 855:7 Minimum Retro -reflectivity White Yellow mcd/m2/lx Contract unit price adjustment mcd/m2/lx Contract unit price adjustment ≥ 450 100% ≥ 300 100% 400 - 449 75% 275 - 299 75% 250 - 399 50% 225 - 274 50% < 250 Remove and replace < 225 Remove and replace
2.Measurement Measure retroreflectivity of markings within thirty (30) calendar days of placement, after removing loose beads. The following lot sizes will apply to both portable and mobile reflectometer methods. For portable reflectometer the random locations will be determined and then readings taken at those spots. For mobile reflectometers the average value of reflectivity w ill be taken for the full length of each lot and used to compute that lots acceptance. Measure marking retroreflectivity in the direction of traffic, except the Department will allow yellow skip lines to be measured in either direction of traffic. One mea surement (multiple readings) will represent each 2,500 ft [762 m] lot of single -color longitudinal stripe. The Department will not allow readings for adjacent lots to be taken closer than 1,000 ft [305 m] from each other. For solid longitudinal stripes, o ne measurement represents the average of five readings per lot, taken at 3 ft [1 m] intervals along a randomly selected 15 ft [4.5 m] section of solid stripe. For longitudinal skip stripes, one measurement represents the average of six readings per lot, two readings taken from each of three adjacent skip stripes. The Department will not allow readings taken within the first or last 1 ft [0.3 m] of skip stripes. For non -compliant measurements, the Engineer will require additional measurements to determine the extent of non -compliance. The Department will not require measurements of the following: Stop bars, crosswalks, gores, words, symbols Longitudinal striping installed using hand line machines Projects less than 1 mi (1.6 km) long TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC) 855.06
3.Acceptance Submit final retroreflectivity measurements to the Resident Engineer for acceptance. Include the date and time of reflectometer calibration, location (GPS coordinates), line color, and date of each measurement. The Department will consider unmeasured stripes no n-compliant. The Resident Engineer will provide notification of non -compliance with the minimum retroreflectivity values. Remove and replace non -compliant stripe sections at no additional cost to the Department. For quality assurance, the Department will measure retroreflectivity with a Delta Light & Optics, Model LTL X portable reflectometer. If the Department and the Contractor measurements differ by greater than 10 percent, the Department will use its measurements for acceptance. The Resident Engineer may accept striping quantities less than 2,500 ft [762 m] by visual inspection.
855.05 Method of Measuremen T
The Resident Engineer will measure the length of traffic stripe for 4 in [100 mm], 6 in [152.4 mm], 8 in [203.2 mm], 12 in [300 mm] and 24 in [609 .6 mm] stripe . The Resident Engineer will count arrows by each head.
855.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC)(4″ WIDE) Linear Foot [Meter]
A.TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC)(6″ WIDE) Linear Foot [Meter]
A.TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC)(8″ WIDE) Linear Foot [Meter]
A.TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC)(12″ WIDE) Linear Foot [Meter]
A.TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC)(24″ WIDE) Linear Foot [Meter]
B.TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC)(Arrows) Each
B.TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC)(Words) Each
B.TRAFFIC STRIPE (PLASTIC)(Symbols) Each Include the cost of preparing the pavement surface and retroreflectivity measurements (including the measurement submittals) in the contract unit price for the relevant pay item. The Department will pay for the replacement of pavement markings damaged by snow and ice removal. The Department will pay for stripe removal in accordance with Section 857, “Construction Zone Pavement Markings.”
856.02 Traffic Stripe (Multi -Polymer)
SECTION 856 TRAFFIC STRIPE (MULTI -POLYMER)
856.01 Description
This work consists of providing and placing reflectorized and non -reflectorized multi -polymer pavement markings on asphalt concrete (AC) and portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement surfaces.
856.02 Materials
A.Physical Properties of the Mixed Compound Provide a multi -polymer resin material free of heavy metals (as defined by the EPA) appro ved by the Resident Engineer. When heating to the application temperature, ensure the material does not exude toxic fumes. Formulate and test the materials to ensure performance as a pavement marking material with glass beads applied to the surface. When properly applied with the required gradations and bead applications, ensure the multi -polymer resin compound cures to a no -track condition within 45 min (at 70 °F [20 °C] or greater) or within 240 min (at 40 °F [4.4 °C]), tested in accordance with ASTM D 711. Provide materials in accordance with the Table 856:1, Table 856:2, and Table 856:3: Table 856:1 Color Requirements Federal 595 Color Chromaticity Coordinates Brightness 1 2 3 4 (Y) x y x y x y x y White 17886 0.355 0.355 0.305 0.305 0.285 0.325 0.335 0.375 80 min Yellow 13538 0.56 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.4 60 min - 70 min
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 879–887 of 935.