412 Page 281412 BRIDGE FIELD PAINTING, REPAINTING, AND PAINT RESIDUE CONTAINMENT
412.1DESCRIPTION
This work consists of the removal, containment, and disposal of existing paint on steel surfaces, preparing the steel surfaces, and the field painting/repainting of steel surfaces.
412.2MATERIALS
A.Solvent Cleaners: Will be as recommended by the paint manufacturer. B.Paint System: Coatings, including primer, top coat, and field repair coats will be from the same manufacturer and, unless otherwise specified, will be one of the systems from the Department’s Approved Products List for bridge field paint. The Contractor will supply the Engineer with a copy of the manufacturer’s data sheets prior to painting. C.Paint Color: When only spot painting the work affected areas, the contractor will obtain a paint chip sample from the structure and submit the structure sample and a paint chip from the paint supplier to the Office of Bridge Design for approval. Prime Coat: The prime coat color will sharply contrast with the top coat, as approved by the Engineer. Intermediate Coat (if used): The intermediate coat (if used) color will sharply contrast with the top coat, as approved by the Engineer. Top Coat: The color will match existing paint unless otherwise specified.
412.3CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
A.Surface Preparation and Painting: Unless otherwise specified in the plan notes, the following requirements will apply to field painting and bridge repainting, Class I and Class II, as identified in the plans. 1.Solvent Cleaning: The affected areas will be visually inspected for contamination of oils and greases prior to removal of the existing paint. When contamination is found on any of the areas that will be painted, the affected area will be cleaned with solvent soaked rags and dried with clean rags. 2.Surface Preparation: a.New Steel to be Field Painted: When new steel is to be field painted, the steel surfaces to be painted will be prepared in accordance with the following: 1)Following any solvent cleaning required, surfaces to be coated will be abrasive blast cleaned to a condition equivalent to SSPC SP-6 (Commercial Blast Cleaning). Abrasive for blast cleaning will be either steel shot, mineral grit, or manufactured grit and will have a gradation that provides a uniform steel surface profile. The bare 412 Page 282steel will be prepared to have a surface profile of 1 mil minimum and 3 mils maximum, prior to application of the prime coat. The surface profile obtained on the prepared surface will be verified by ASTM Specification D4417 "Standard Test Method Field Measurements of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel" Method A, B, or C. If the surface profile cannot be maintained below the maximum limit specified, the final coating thickness will be increased to ensure that the minimum coating thickness is achieved over the entire area to be painted. 2)Fins, tears, slivers, and burred or sharp edges will be removed by grinding and the area reblasted to provide the profile specified. 3)Blast residue will be removed from the steel surfaces with a commercial grade vacuum cleaner equipped with a brush type cleaning tool, or by two applications of blowing with compressed air. 4)Steel surfaces will be kept clean, dust free, and dry. Steel surfaces will be primed within 24 hours of abrasive blast cleaning. b.Bridge Repainting, Class I: When bridge repainting, Class I is specified, the steel surfaces to be painted will be prepared in accordance with the following: 1)Following any required solvent cleaning, all loose rust and paint will be removed from the work affected areas by power tool cleaning. The entire surface to be painted will be prepared to a condition equivalent to SSPC Standard SP-3 (power tool cleaning). All power tools will be shrouded at the cleaning head and equipped with a vacuum collection system to contain the paint residue. The power tool cleaning will not remove any base metal. 2)Contain and collect all existing paint residue in accordance with Section 412.3 B. c.Bridge Repainting, Class II: When bridge repainting, Class II is specified, the steel surfaces to be painted will be prepared in accordance with the following: 1)Following any required solvent cleaning, abrasive blast clean the steel surfaces to remove all old paint, corrosion, and mill scale. To minimize the potential for the abrasive blasting media and paint residue being a hazardous material, the abrasive blasting process will utilize a thoroughly mixed blend of abrasive blasting media and Blastox (or other approved product). The Blastox will be added in the amount of 15% by weight. The abrasive media used in the abrasive blasting process will be a silica free abrasive and will be of a type and size in which the formation of dust during the abrasive blasting process is minimized. The entire surface to be painted will be cleaned to a condition equivalent to the SSPC Standard SP-6 (commercial blast cleaning). 2)The bare steel will be prepared to have a surface profile of 1 mil minimum and 3 mils maximum prior to application of the prime coat. The surface profile obtained on the prepared surface will be verified by ASTM Specification D4417 "Standard Test Method Field Measurements of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel" Method A, B, or C. If the surface profile cannot be maintained below the maximum 412 Page 283limit specified, the final coating thickness will be increased to ensure that the minimum coating thickness is achieved over the entire area to be painted. 3)The cleaned areas will be thoroughly dry before priming. 4)Do not clean a larger area than can be prepared and primed within 24 hour period. If the prepared area is not primed within the 24 hours, the area will have the blast cleaning repeated. 5)Contain and collect all of the existing paint residue and abrasive blasting media according to Section 412.3 B. 3.Mixing of Paint: The paint will be thoroughly mixed with a power mixer in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations before being applied and the pigments will be kept in suspension. The manufacturer's recommended pot life times will not be exceeded. 4.Paint Application: After the specified surface preparation, the paint will be applied according to the following requirements: a.The coating thickness will meet the dry film thickness (DFT) recommended by the manufacturer. DFT will be measured in accordance with SSPC PA 2. b.Coatings will be applied in accordance with SSPC PA1, the manufacturer’s written recommendations, or the requirements as herein specified, whichever is more stringent. A copy of the manufacturer's written instructions will be given to the Engineer prior to painting. c.Remove all overspray, drips, and spills at no cost to the Department. d.Apply paint only when the surface to be coated is and remains at least 5°F above the dew point. The relative humidity will be less than 85% during paint application. Apply paint only when the coating materials, substrate, and air temperature are between 40°F and 90°F. Coatings will not be applied on damp or frosted surfaces. Coatings applied under cover in damp or cold weather will remain under cover until dry or until weather conditions are suitable. Coatings will not be applied when the metal is hot enough to cause the paint to blister or produce a porous paint film. e.Do not use thinners unless absolutely necessary for paint application. Do not exceed the manufacturer's recommendations regarding quantity and type of thinner. Use thinners only according to the manufacturer's written instructions, and under the Engineer's supervision. f.Using a brush, stripe coat the edges and corners of all metal work, rivet heads, bolts, nuts, other hardware and fasteners, and all individual members, bars, shapes, and plates prior to the application of the primer, intermediate (if used), and top coats. g.The Contractor will protect pedestrian, vehicular, watercraft, and other traffic upon or underneath the structure and all portions of the structure against damage or disfigurement by paint overspray. When painting over waterways the Contractor will 412 Page 284implement such controls as are necessary to avoid paint spills into the water or depositing paint films on the water during spraying operations. B.Paint Residue Containment, Collection, and Storage : 1.Bridge Repainting, Class I: The existing paint residue on the surfaces to be painted will be contained, collected, and stored according to the plan notes and the following requirements: a.All paint residue will be placed in a 55 gallon drum after collection. The 55 gallon drum will be supplied by the Contractor and will become the property of the Department. If the 55 gallon drum is not new, it will not have previously contained any petroleum products and must meet the EPA definition of a reusable container. All paint removal, residue collection, and temporary storage will be performed by the Contractor. Disposal will be performed by the Department. b.When bridge repainting, Class I is specified, it is anticipated that less than 220 pounds of paint residue will be produced. Therefore, the waste will not require sampling, testing, and disposal as a hazardous waste. The Contractor must collect and weigh all paint residue to document that less than 220 pounds of waste material was produced. If more than 220 pounds of waste material is produced the Office of Bridge Design will be contacted immediately for further instructions. c.The Contractor will not place materials or trash other than paint residue, rags containing solvent or paint residue, and blasting media in the barrels. d.The Contractor is responsible for complying with all regulations and for taking all necessary measures and precautions to ensure worker safety for work involving lead particles. 2.Bridge Repainting, Class II: The existing paint residue on the work affected areas will be contained, collected, and stored according to the plan notes and the following requirements: a.The Contractor will contain, collect, and temporarily store all paint residue and blasting media. The material will then be loaded, transported to the location specified in the plans, and unloaded by the Contractor. b.The Contractor will use Best Management Practices, as defined by the Environmental Protection Agency, to contain and collect all paint residue removed from the steel surfaces and all abrasives used in blast cleaning. Containment and collection of the abrasives used in blast cleaning is required, even when not mixed with paint residue. c.When bridge repainting, Class II is specified, it is anticipated that more than 220 pounds of paint residue and blasting residue will be produced. Therefore, the residue material will be sampled and tested to determine if it is a hazardous waste. When the first 55 gallon drum is filled, the Engineer will collect a sample and immediately submit the sample to the Department’s Bridge Construction Engineer. 412 Page 285d.The Contractor will submit a written Containment Plan to the Engineer at the preconstruction meeting. The Engineer will forward the proposed Containment Plan to the Office of Bridge Design for review and approval. Possible containment methods include draped collectors suspended from the structure, tarps laid on the ground below the structure (when not near a waterway or in an urban environment), complete enclosures, and shrouded power tools with vacuum containment. e.If a draped collector is used it will conform to the following minimum requirements: 1)The collector will be suspended from the structure and will extend a minimum of 10 feet in all directions than the area in which work is underway. 2)The collector will be positioned in a manner acceptable to the Engineer and such that no loss of blast cleaning/paint residue occurs. 3)The collector will be emptied at least once a day and will not remain in place overnight without being emptied. f.Blast cleaning and other operations will not be performed when the direction and velocity of the wind is such that residue falls outside the limits of the collector. g.The Contractors Containment Plan will outline the procedures that will be followed to empty the collector and prevent spilling of the contents. h.Paint residue, including abrasive blasting residue, will be placed in 55 gallon drums after collection. The 55 gallon drums will be supplied by the Contractor and will become the property of the Department. If the 55 gallon drums are not new, the drums will not have previously contained petroleum products. The drums will meet the EPA definition of a reusable container. i.Only paint residue, blasting media, and solvent soaked rags are allowed to be placed in the containment drums. These drums will not be used for other garbage or waste. j.The 55 gallon drums will be filled, properly sealed, temporarily stored, loaded, hauled to the location specified in the plans, and unloaded by the Contractor. Temporary storage of the material on the site will be at a location where there is no possibility of a spill entering any waterway. k.Until test results are obtained to substantiate that the material is not hazardous, each 55 gallon drum will be marked with the words "Hazardous Waste" and will be dated with the date on which the drum was filled. This will be done by using a permanent, waterproof marker. l.Disposal of the barrels containing the paint residue and blasting media will be the responsibility of the Department. m.If the Contractor elects to use containers other than 55 gallon drums to hold paint residue, the Contractor will be responsible for all testing and disposal at a permitted regional landfill. The Contractor will be responsible for compliance of laws and regulations regarding storage, handling, and shipping. The containers will be 412 Page 286watertight and have a lid. The Contractor will mark the containers with the words “Hazardous Waste”. Containers will be stored in a locked enclosure. Copies of all tests, shipping, and disposal documents will be provided to the Office of Bridge Design. n.The Contractor is responsible for complying with all regulations and for taking all of the necessary measures to ensure worker safety for work involving lead particles. C.Inspection: All materials and work will be subject to inspection by the Department. The Contractor will provide the Engineer adequate and safe access to the work area, including ladders and scaffolding, at all times. When bridge repainting, Class II is specified, the Contractor will blast a test area of a girder web to SSPC Standard SP-6, prior to the start of the abrasive blast cleaning operations. This test area will be full depth of the web and will be three feet in length. Using the visual and profile standards, the Engineer will inspect the area to determine when adequate surface preparation has been achieved. After adequate surface preparation has been achieved, this area will be preserved for reference purposes during the remainder of the abrasive blast cleaning operation. If deterioration of this area occurs due to weathering, dampness, or other conditions, a new area will be prepared at no additional cost to the Department.
412.4METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
Measurement for the items field painting, bridge repainting, and paint residue containment will not be made.
412.5BASIS OF PAYMENT
A.Bridge Repainting, Class I and Bridge Repainting, Class 2 will be paid for at the contract lump sum price. Payment will be full compensation for surface preparation, furnishing and applying the coating system, repair of damaged areas, cleanup, providing inspection access, and all incidentals to satisfactorily complete the work. B.Paint Residue Containment will be paid for at the contract lump sum price. Payment will be full compensation for all direct and incidental costs to remove, contain, and temporarily store paint residue. When specified in the plan notes, payment will also be full compensation for loading the residue, transporting the residue to the location specified, and unloading the residue. 420 Page 287420 STRUCTURE EXCAVATION
420.1DESCRIPTION
This work consists of the necessary foundation excavation for box culverts and bridges.
420.2MATERIALS (Not Specified)
420.3CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
A.Depth of Excavation: The elevations of the bottoms of footings shown on the plans are approximate and the Engineer may order, in writing, such changes in elevations of footings as necessary. B.Treatment of Foundation: Rock or other hard foundation material will be free of loose material, cleaned, and cut to a firm surface. The surface may be level, stepped, or serrated as approved by the Engineer. Where concrete is placed on an excavated surface other than rock, special care will be taken not to disturb the bottom of the excavation. Concrete will not be placed until the depth of excavation has been checked and the suitability of the foundation material approved. Foundation excavation may be trimmed to the exact size of the footing and the footing forms omitted, when approved by the Engineer. Removal of unstable material below the bedding grade of box culverts will be performed as set forth in Section 421. Where foundation piles are used, the excavation of each foundation bed will be completed before the piles are driven. After the pile driving is completed, loose and displaced material will be removed or compacted to a smooth solid bed at or below plan elevation. C.Disposal of Excavation Material: The excavated material will be used for backfill and embankment or disposed of as directed. Excavated material will not be placed in stream beds. D.Preservation of Channels: Excavation will not be made outside of caissons, cribs, cofferdams, steel piling, or sheeting and the natural stream bed adjacent to the structure will not be disturbed. If any excavation or dredging is done at the site of the structure before caissons, cribs, or cofferdams are in place, the Contractor will backfill all excavation to the original ground surface or stream bed with satisfactory material after the foundation is in place. E.Cofferdams and Cribs: Cofferdams and cribs will conform to the requirements of Section 423. F.Inspection: The Engineer will be notified as soon as each excavation is completed. Concrete or piling will not be placed until the Engineer determines that the depth and size of the excavation and the foundation material are acceptable.