UDOT Section 02787: Bonded Wearing Course (Bwc)

BONDED WEARING COURSE (BWC)

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1SECTION INCLUDES

A.Materials and procedures for the placement of a Bonded Wearing Course

(BWC)and associated Polymer-Modified Emulsion Membrane.

1.2RELATED SECTIONS

A.Section 01456: Materials Dispute Resolution

B.Section 02701: Pavement Smoothness

C.Section 02741: Asphalt Mix

D.Section 02742S: Project Specific Surfacing Requirements

E.Section 02745: Asphalt Material

F.Section 02746: Hydrated Lime

1.3REFERENCES

A.AASHTO T 11: Materials Finer Than 75-µm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral

Aggregates by Washing

B.AASHTO T 27: Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates

C.AASHTO T 44: Solubility of Bituminous Materials

D.AASHTO T 49: Penetration of Bituminous Materials

E.AASHTO T 59: Emulsified Asphalt

F.AASHTO T 89: Determining the Liquid Limit of Soils

G.AASHTO T 90: Determining the Plastic Limit and Plasticity Index of Soils

H.AASHTO T 96: Resistance to Degradation of Small Size Coarse

Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact the Los Angeles Machine

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 1 of 16

I.AASHTO T 104: Soundness of Aggregate by Use of Sodium Sulfate or

Magnesium Sulfate

J.AASHTO T 112: Clay Lumps and Friable Particle in Aggregate

K.AASHTO T 176: Plastic Fines in Graded Aggregates and Soils by Use of

the Sand Equivalent Test

L.AASHTO T 278: Surface Frictional Properties Using the British Pendulum

Tester

M.AASHTO T 279: Accelerated Polishing of Aggregates Using the British

Wheel

N.AASHTO T 283: Resistance of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures to Moisture-

Induced Damage

O.AASHTO T 301: Elastic Recovery Test of Asphalt Materials by Means of

a Ductilometer

P.AASHTO T 304: Uncompacted Void Content of Fine Aggregate

Q.AASHTO T 305: Determination of Draindown Characteristics in

Uncompacted Asphalt Mixtures

R.AASHTO T 312: Preparing and Determining the Density of Asphalt

Mixture Specimens by Means of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor

S.AASHTO T 327: Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Degradation by

Abrasion in the Micro-Deval Apparatus

T.AASHTO T 330: The Qualitative Detection of Harmful Clays of the

Smectite Group in Aggregates Using Methylene Blue

U.AASHTO T 335: Determining the Percentage of Fracture in Coarse

Aggregate

V.ASTM D 2995: Estimating Application Rate and Residual Application

Rate of Bituminous Distributors

W.Asphalt Institute Standards

X.UDOT Materials Manual of Instruction

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 2 of 16

Y.UDOT Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements

Z.UDOT Quality Management Plans

1.4DEFINITIONS

A.Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – A spray-paver applied surface

treatment consisting of a warm Polymer-Modified Emulsion Membrane and an ultra-thin, gap-graded asphalt mix overlay. It is typically less than 1 inch thick. The asphalt mix surface course is placed immediately on the emulsion. A BWC is a homogeneous wearing surface and pavement seal that can be opened to traffic immediately after cooling.

B.Polymer-Modified Emulsion Membrane (PMEM) – A warm, modified

emulsion applied to the pavement to seal the underlying pavement and provide a strong bond to the surface course.

C.Production Day – A 24-hour period in which BWC is being placed.

1.5SUBMITTALS

A.Mix design data to the Engineer for approval.

1.Include all information on selection of design aggregate structure

showing the target values of percent passing on all sieves listed in Table 9.

a.Indicate the target job mix gradation and provide supplier

quality control data for the target selection.

2.Indicate the design asphalt binder content and the estimated

asphalt binder film thickness.

3.Include test results verifying that proposed aggregate meets the

requirements of Table 8.

4.Include AASHTO T 283 and T 305 test results.

B.Joint layout plan to the Engineer for review.

1.Clearly show placement of the longitudinal joints with respect to

final pavement.

C.Daily totals – Refer to this Section, Article 3.5, paragraph M.

1.6ACCEPTANCE

A.Gradation and Asphalt Binder Content

1.The acceptability and pay adjustment for binder content is

determined per lot according to Table 1 using the single test result with the largest deviation from the target. Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 3 of 16

2.The acceptability and pay adjustment for gradation is determined

per lot according to the Percent within Limits (PT) computation using Table 2, 3, 4, and 5.

3.Any lot rejected based on gradation or binder content will not be

eligible for any incentive.

B.Thickness

1.Verify the thickness with a depth probe and take corrective action if

necessary.

a.The minimum thickness is the plan depth.

C.Polymer Modified Emulsion Membrane (PMEM) application rate

1.The acceptability and pay adjustment for the PMEM application rate

for each lot is determined according to Table 6.

a.A lot equals the number of square yards placed during each

production day.

b.Use the weight of PMEM provided on the weight ticket and

the specific gravity reported on the bill of lading to convert from tons to gallons.

D.The Engineer may accept a reject or non-conforming lot. Refer to Section

01456.

1.A price reduction of 35 percent of the pay item or $20 per ton,

whichever is greater, will be assessed.

2.The lot will not be eligible for any incentive.

Table 1 Incentive/Disincentive Pay Adjustment Binder Content (Dollars per yd2 of BWC) Within ± 0.30% of target 0.05 Between ± 0.31% and ± 0.45% of 0.00 target Between ± 0.46% ± 0.60% of -0.10 target Greater than ± 0.61% Reject

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 4 of 16

Table 2 Gradation Upper and Lower Limit Determination Parameter UL and LL ½ inch sieve for BWC Type C Target Value ± 6.0 percent /8 inch sieve for BWC Type B # 4 sieve Target Value ± 6.0 percent # 8 sieve Target Value ± 5.0 percent # 50 sieve Target Value ± 3.0 percent # 200 sieve Target Value ± 2.0 percent

Table 3 Incentive/Disincentive for Gradation PT Pay Adjustment Based on Min. Four Samples (dollars per yd2 of BWC) > 99 0.06 96-99 0.04 92-95 0.02 88-91 0.00 84-87 -0.01 80-83 -0.02 76-79 -0.04 72-75 -0.05 68-71 -0.06 64-67 -0.07 60-63 -0.09 <60 Reject

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 5 of 16

Table 4 Quality Index Values (QU or QL) for Estimating Percent Within Limits PU or n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6 n=7 n=8 n=10 n=12 n=15 n=20 PL 100 1.16 1.50 1.75 1.91 2.06 2.15 2.29 2.35 2.47 2.56 99 1.16 1.47 1.68 1.79 1.89 1.95 2.04 2.09 2.14 2.19 98 1.15 1.44 1.61 1.70 1.77 1.80 1.86 1.89 1.93 1.97 97 1.15 1.41 1.55 1.62 1.67 1.69 1.74 1.77 1.80 1.82 96 1.15 1.38 1.49 1.55 1.59 1.61 1.64 1.66 1.69 1.70 95 1.14 1.35 1.45 1.49 1.52 1.54 1.56 1.57 1.59 1.61 94 1.13 1.32 1.40 1.44 1.46 1.47 1.49 1.50 1.51 1.53 93 1.12 1.29 1.36 1.38 1.40 1.41 1.43 1.43 1.44 1.46 92 1.11 1.26 1.31 1.33 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.37 1.38 1.39 91 1.10 1.23 1.27 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.33 90 1.09 1.20 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.25 1.26 1.26 1.27 1.27 89 1.08 1.17 1.20 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.22 1.22 88 1.07 1.14 1.16 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 87 1.06 1.11 1.12. 1.12 1.12 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.13 86 1.05 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08 85 1.03 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 84 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 83 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 82 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.92 0.92 81 0.96 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.88 80 0.94 0.90 0.88 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 79 0.92 0.87 0.85 0.84 0.83 0.83 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.81 78 0.89 0.84 0.82 0.81 0.80 0.79 0.79 0.78 0.78 0.78 77 0.87 0.81 0.79 .0.78 0.77 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.75 76 0.84 0.78 0.76 0.75 0.74 0.73 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 75 0.82 0.75 0.73 0.72 0.71 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.68 74 0.79 0.72 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.67 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.65 73 0.77 0.69 0.67 0.65 0.64 0.64 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 72 0.74 0.66 0.64 0.62 0.61 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.59 0.59 71 0.71 0.63 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.56 0.56 70 0.68 0.60 0.58 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.53 69 0.65 0.57 0.55 0.54 0.53 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.50 68 0.62 0.54 0.52 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 67 0.59 0.51 0.49 0.48 0.47 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.45 0.45 66 0.56 0.48 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.44 0.43 0.42 0.42 0.42 65 0.53 0.45 0.43 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.39 64 0.49 0.42 0.40 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 63 0.46 0.39 0.37 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.34 62 0.43 0.36 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.31 61 0.39 0.33 0.31 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 60 0.36 0.30 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 <60 ≤0.35 ≤0.29 ≤0.27 ≤0.26 ≤0.25 ≤0.25 ≤0.24 ≤0.24 ≤0.24 ≤0.24 Enter table in the appropriate sample size column and round down to the nearest value. Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 6 of 16

Table 5 Definitions, Abbreviations, and Formulas for Acceptance Term Explanation Target Value (TV) The target values for gradation and asphalt binder content are given in the Contractor’s volumetric mix design. Average (AVE) The sum of the lot’s test results for a measured characteristic divided by the number of test results, the arithmetic mean. Standard Deviation (s) The square root of the value formed by summing the squared difference between the individual test results of a measured characteristic and AVE divided by the number of test results minus one. This statement does not limit the methods of calculations of s. Other methods that obtain the same value may be used. Upper Limit (UL) The value above the TV of each measured characteristic that defines the upper limit of acceptable production. (Table 2) Lower Limit (LL) The value below the TV of each measured characteristic that defines the lower limit of acceptable production (Table 2) Upper Quality Index QU = (UL - AVE)/s (QU) Lower Quality Index (QL) QL = (AVE - LL)/s Percentage of Lot Within Determined by entering Table 4 with QU UL (PU) Percentage of Lot Within Determined by entering Table 4 with QL LL (PL) Total Percentage of Lot PT = (PU + PL) – 100

(PL)Within UL and LL

(PT) Incentive/Disincentive Determined by entering Table 1 and 3 with PT or PL. Calculate all values for AVE, s, QU, and QL to two decimal place accuracy and carried through all further calculations. Rounding to lower accuracy is not allowed.

Table 6 PMEM Pay Adjustment Actual Field PMEM Rate Pay Adjustment (Gallons/Square Yard) (dollars per yd2 of BWC) Within Specified Rate ±0.03 0 Within Specified Rate ± 0.03 to ± 0.06 -2.00 Not Within Specified Rate ± 0.06 Remove and Replace

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 7 of 16

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1ASPHALT BINDER

A.Project Specific Surfacing Requirements. Refer to Special Provision

02742S.

B.Refer to Section 02745.

2.2POLYMER MODIFIED EMULSION MEMBRANE (PMEM)

A.Refer to Special Provision 02742S and plans for project-specific

requirements, including the application rate and design thickness.

B.Refer to Section 02745.

C.Meet the requirements of Table 7.

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 8 of 16

Table 7 Polymer Modified Emulsion Membrane (a) Tests AASHTO Min. Max. Test Method Emulsion Viscosity, SFS, 122º F (50º C), sec T 59 20 100 Storage Stability Test, 1 d, 24 h, percent T 59 1 Sieve Test (b), percent T 59 0.1 Demulsibility, % 35 ml 0.8% sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate T 59 40 Distillation Oil Distillate, by volume of emulsion, percent 2 Residue (c), percent 63 Residue from Distillation Test Penetration, 77° F (25° C), 100 g, 5s, dmm T 49 60 150 Elastic Recovery (d), percent T 301 55 Solubility Solubility in Organic Solvent, percent T 44 97.5

(a)The emulsion will be smooth and homogeneous throughout with no white, milky

separation, pumpable and suitable for application through spray bars after standing undisturbed for 24 hours. Modify before emulsification.

(b)The sieve test may be waived if successful application of the material has been

achieved in the field.

(c)Distillation is determined by AASHTO T 59 with modifications to include a 350 ± 5° F

(177 ± 3° C) maximum temperature to be held for a period of 15 minutes.

(d)Modify paragraph 4.5 of AASHTO T 301 as follows: Stop the ductilometer and within

two seconds, sever the specimen at its center with a pair of scissors after 20 cm has been reached.

2.3HYDRATED LIME

A.Refer to Section 02746.

2.4AGGREGATE MATERIALS

A.Crusher processed virgin aggregate material consisting of crushed stone,

gravel, or slag.

B.Determine the suitability of the aggregate according to Table 8.

1.Coarse aggregate

a.Retained on # 4 sieve

2.Fine aggregate

a.Clean, hard grained, and angular

b.Passing the # 4 sieve

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 9 of 16

Table 8 Aggregate Properties Properties Test Method Test Requirement One Fractured Face AASHTO T 335 95% min. Two Fractured Face AASHTO T 335 90% min. Fine Aggregate Angularity AASHTO T 304 45% min. Flakiness Index UDOT MOI 933 17% max. (Based on ⅜ inch sieve and above) L.A. Wear AASHTO T 96 30% max. Micro-Deval Loss AASHTO T 327 18% max. loss Sand Equivalent AASHTO T 176 60 min. Plasticity Index AASHTO T 89 and T 90 0 Polish Test AASHTO T 278 and T 279 31 min. Soundness (sodium sulfate) AASHTO T 104 12% max. loss with five cycles Clay Lumps and Friable AASHTO T 112 2% max. Particles Natural Fines None None Methylene Blue AASHTO T 330 10% max.

C.Meet gradation requirements in Table 9.

Table 9 Aggregate Gradation Percent Passing by Dry Weight of Aggregate AASHTO T 11, T 27 Percent Sieve Size Type A Type B Type C ¾ inch 100 100 100 ½ inch 100 100 75 - 100 ⅜ inch 100 75 - 100 55 - 80 #4 40 - 55 22 - 38 22 - 38 #8 22 - 32 19 - 32 19 - 32 #16 15 - 25 15 - 25 15 - 25 #30 10 - 18 10 - 18 10 - 18 #50 8 - 13 8 - 13 8 - 13 #100 6 - 10 6 - 10 6 - 10 # 200 4-7 4-7 4-7

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 10 of 16

2.5JOB MIX DESIGN

A.Meet the following requirements:

1.Minimum optimum binder content of 5.0 percent by weight of

mixture.

2.Estimated asphalt film thickness of at least 10 microns based on

effective binder content and aggregate surface area calculated according to Asphalt Institute MS-2 Table 6.1.

3.Draindown at optimum binder content of less than 0.10 percent

when tested according to AASHTO T 305.

4.Minimum tensile strength ratio (TSR) of 80 percent according to

AASHTO T 283 with the following modifications:

a.Add hydrated lime to according to Section 02746 for all

sources.

b.Compact samples according to AASHTO T 312 at 30

gyrations.

c.Use mix quantity necessary to obtain compacted samples

2.5 ± 0.05 inch high.

d.Further test compacted samples regardless of air void levels

achieved after 30 gyrations.

e.Apply vacuum to samples to be conditioned for 1 minute and

proceed without calculating percent saturation.

5.Use a laboratory accredited by AASHTO Materials Reference

Laboratory (AMRL) for all testing.

B.Use a Department-qualified asphalt binder supplier.

C.Use a Department-qualified PMEM supplier.

D.Use mixing and compaction temperatures supplied by the Engineer.

E.The Department’s Region Materials Lab will review and may verify the Mix

Design.

2.6EQUIPMENT

A.Spray Paver

1.Use a self-priming paver designed and built for applying the BWC

and authorized by the Engineer with the following characteristics:

a.Equipped with a receiving hopper, asphalt emulsion storage

tank, system for measuring the PMEM volume applied, spray bar, and a heated, variable-width screed.

b.Capable of spraying the PMEM, applying the asphalt mix

overlay, and leveling the surface of the mat in one pass.

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 11 of 16

c.Capable of placing the asphalt mix within five seconds after

the application of the PMEM.

d.Capable of paving at a controlled speed from 30 to 90 feet

per minute. 1) Make no contact between the wheel or other part of the paving machine and the PMEM before applying the asphalt mix.

2.Use a paver that is equipped with a paver hopper insert with

a minimum capacity of 7 tons and a mass flow design to deliver remixed BWC directly to the paver conveyor system.

3.Use a paver with a screed that is able to crown the

pavement at the center and have vertically adjusted extensions to accommodate the desired pavement profile.

B.Material Transfer Vehicle

1.Use Material Transfer Vehicle (MTV) with the following

characteristics:

a.Able to remix the BWC to eliminate truck end segregation,

minimize temperature segregation, and deliver a uniform BWC to the paver.

b.Self-propelled machine totally independent of the paver.

c.High capacity truck unloading system to receive BWC from

the haul units.

d.Minimum 25 ton on-board BWC surge capacity to minimize

paver start/stops and maximize trucking efficiency.

e.Equipped with a pivoting paver loading conveyor.

1) Able to swing to either side to allow off-lane paving.

f.Paver hopper

1) Equipped with a hopper insert with a minimum capacity of 7 tons. 2) Hopper insert with mass flow design to deliver remixed BWC directly to the paver conveyor system.

C.2-Axle Tandem Rollers

1.Use steel-wheeled, 2-axle tandem rollers, each weighing at least 10

tons.

a.Use well-maintained rollers equipped with functioning water

system and scrapers to prevent adhesion of the fresh mix onto the roller drums.

b.Supply adequate roller units to guarantee the rolling will be

accomplished promptly following the placement of the material.

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 12 of 16

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1PRE-PAVING MEETING

A.Hold a pre-paving meeting up to two weeks before starting the BWC

process to discuss methods of accomplishing all phases of the work. Arrange for the following people to attend:

1.Contractor’s supervisory personnel

2.Testing laboratory personnel

3.Mix design and emulsion supplier representative(s)

4.Department representative

3.2MIXING

A.Mix as specified in Section 02741.

1.The mineral aggregate coating will be considered satisfactory when

all particles are coated.

3.3EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION

A.Spray Paver

1.Calibrate the Spray Paver for application of PMEM according to

ASTM D 2995 or an approved method by the Engineer before start of BWC production.

2.Recalibrate Spray Paver before the startup of nonconsecutive

placements of BWC material.

3.Calibrate machine at 13 ft width and 17 ft width.

a.Verify spread rates for right and left sides are uniform, meet

the specified application rates, and do not vary more than 20 percent between right and left side pads.

4.Calibrate the machine on-site or within BWC mix haul distance and

in the presence of the Engineer.

5.Maintain a copy of the manufacturer application settings with the

spray paving equipment.

a.Include the nozzle size and target shot rate settings.

3.4SURFACE PREPARATION

A.Protect and cover manhole covers, drains, grates, catch basins, and other

utility structures with plastic or building felt before paving.

1.Clearly reference each location.

B.Remove thermoplastic traffic markings.

C.Remove symbols, characters, or other markings greater than ¼ inch

above the existing pavement. Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 13 of 16

D.Allow at least two weeks for any crack sealant to cure before placing

BWC.

E.Thoroughly clean the pavement surface to be overlaid of deleterious

material, giving specific attention to accumulated mud and debris.

1.Use pressurized water or vacuum systems, if necessary, to obtain a

clean surface.

3.5BWC PLACEMENT

A.Provide a clean surface before and during paving operations.

1.Deposit the BWC material directly from haul trucks into the MTV

without contacting the pavement.

2.Immediately remove any loose material in front of the paver.

B.Spray the PMEM with a metered mechanical pressure spray bar at a

temperature of 120 to 180 degrees F at the specified application rate.

1.Overlap the vertical edge with the outside nozzle 0.5 to 1.5 inches

when paving next to a vertical edge to guarantee proper application of the PMEM.

2.Verify the application of the PMEM is uniform over the entire

surface to be paved.

C.Apply BWC at a temperature of 290 to 330 degrees F immediately over

the full width of the PMEM application with a heated screed.

D.Maintain a steady spray-paver speed.

E.Use steel-wheeled, 2-axle tandem rollers to roll BWC material sufficiently

to seat without fracturing mix aggregate.

1.Use a release agent (added to the water system) as needed to

prevent adhesion of the fresh mix to the roller drum and wheels.

2.Use static mode for rolling.

3.Do not allow the rollers to remain stationary on the freshly placed

material.

F.Construct longitudinal joints within 6 inches of lane lines or at the center of

lane, but never in a wheel path.

G.Construct a transverse joint when the paving operation stops for more

than 30 minutes.

H.Do not overlap or hot-lap BWC.

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 14 of 16

I.Pave through lanes after paving adjacent:

1.Shoulders

2.Tapers

3.Transitions

4.Road connections

5.Private drives

6.Curve widenings

7.Chain control lanes

8.Turnouts

9.Left turn pockets

10.Median borders

11.On and off ramps

J.Verify all edges of adjacent areas to through lanes that have been paved

with BWC have straight, uniform, longitudinal lines, and neat vertical edges to guarantee surface is neat in appearance after through lanes are paved.

K.Do not reintroduce previously applied BWC into the paving process over

PMEM.

L.Meet the requirements of Section 02701 for smoothness.

M.Report daily totals of placement materials to the Engineer and include the

following:

1.Tonnage of BWC material placed with weight tickets

2.Gallons of PMEM applied with weight tickets

3.Square yards for the production day

4.Gallons per square yard of PMEM placed

5.Pounds per square yard of BWC material placed

3.6LIMITATIONS

A.Place between May 1, and September 15, when both the air temperature

in the shade and the pavement surface temperature are above 60 degrees F.

B.Do not place if the Engineer determines excessive moisture is present in

the pavement structure.

C.Do not place during rain, when the surface is wet, or during other adverse

weather conditions.

D.Do not open the new pavement to traffic until the rolling operation is

complete and the material has cooled below 185 degrees F. Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 15 of 16

3.7LABORATORY CORRELATION

A.Perform split-sample, paired t-testing with the Department based on project

quality control testing using Department LQP qualified lab.

1.Perform split-sample, paired t analysis on all mix acceptance tests

and tests related to volumetric properties.

2.Perform paired t-analysis as defined in the UDOT Materials Manual

of Instruction, Appendix C.

3.Continue paired t-testing until at least two consecutive production

days meet α = 0.05 for a two tailed distribution.

4.Resolve discrepancies in lab results within the first five production

days.

a.Cease production if the requirements for two consecutive

days of the first five days cannot be met.

b.Submit a corrective action plan to the Engineer before

production continues indicating the changes in procedures that will be implemented to correct the deficiencies. 1) Both Contractor and Department labs must make paired t test results available within 24 hours of sampling.

END OF SECTION

Bonded Wearing Course (BWC) – 16 of 16

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02789 Asphalt Slurry Seal Coat

02787Bonded Wearing Course (Bwc)

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