248 ALASKA 2020 SECTION 513 FIELD PAINTING OF ST EEL STRUCTURES
513-1.01 DESCRIPTION . Clean and paint the structural steel on existing bridges. Contain,
collect, and dispose of waste materials and protect existing facilities, vehicles, the environment, and the public from damage due to this work.
513-2.01 MATERIALS. Use materials that confor m to the following:
1.Paint. Section 708. Use approved contrasting colors for each coat.
2.Abrasives. Use an abrasive that is free of oil, moisture, and salts and will produce a minimum profile of 1.5 mils on the surface of the cleaned steel.
a.Non- Steel Abrasiv es. Meet SSPC -AB1 (Abrasive Specification No. 1), Mineral and Slag abrasives. Do not use abrasives containing more than 1 percent “free” silica.
b.Steel Abrasives . Recycle and reclean after each use. Must produce a profile approved by the coating's manufact urer.
513-2.02 COMPONENT O RIGIN. Use only components that are the standard, regularly produced
product of a single manufacturer and meet or exceed the requirements in this Section. Paint systems must be the same generic type, be field applicable under the environmental constrictions of the site and structure, and have been used successfully in the field for at least 2 years on similar structures in a similar environment as this project. Submit the following information on paint systems for approval:
1.Descrip tion of product
2.Intended uses and exposures of the product
3.Technical data on the formulation and components
4.Description of surface preparation required
5.Application information, including written recommendations and instructions for this project
6.Safety information and precautions, including Material Safety Data Sheets
7.List of references of previous bridge projects that used the proposed system, including applicator and owner contacts If the proposed equivalent system literature requires a higher degree of s urface preparation/profile or greater film thickness than specified in this Section, follow the submittal requirements, with no additional compensation. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
513-3.01 SYSTEM DURA BILITY AND CERTIFICA TION. Require the coating manufacturer to
review the project and the proposed service environment and issue written recommendations and instructions to the applicator to ensure maximum durability, proper surface preparation, and proper coating application. Make these documents available at the prepainting conference. Require the coating system manufacturer to have a technical representative on the job site during the prepainting conference and also be available and on- call during construction. 249 ALASKA 2020 Do not deviate from the coating manufacturer's wr itten recommendations and instructions unless the manufacturer’s technical representative authorizes the change in writing, and the Engineer approves. After the project is completed, certify to the Department that the system was applied according to the manufacturer's recommendations and instructions.
513-3.02 PAINT APPLI CATOR'S CERTIFICATIO NS. Hire only paint crew members that are
certified by the Alaska Department of Labor for completing the Alaska Hazardous Painting Certificate Course within the last 3 y ears. Contact the Alaska Department of Labor for certification information. Crew members must provide either a resume showing experience with the paint system components specified in this Section or a letter of acceptance of experience from the paint system manufacturer. Provide copies of certificates, resumes or letters to the Engineer at the prepainting conference.
513-3.03 REQUIRED CO NTRACTOR EXPERIENCE. Hire a paint superintendent with
experience with the coating system. Submit a list of the paint superintendent’s projects and references at least 7 days before the prepainting conference. For projects requiring removal of paint containing lead and/or chromium, hire a paint superintendent with experience in removing lead and/or chromium from steel struct ures. Include these references in the paint superintendent’s list of references described above. The paint superintendent must know all current standards and regulations about containing hazardous debris generated during paint removal operations and dispos ing of contaminated surface preparation debris.
513-3.04 PREPAINTING CONFERENCE. Attend a prepainting conference at the Engineer’s
office after the preconstruction conference and before mobilizing on the site and beginning any work under this Section. Subm it a Containment and Disposal Plan to the Engineer for approval 30 days before the prepainting conference. Include plans and written guidelines for the following:
1.Containment structures and attachments to the bridge
2.Ventilation
3.Rigging
4.Handling and disposi ng of hazardous and non- hazardous waste An Engineer registered in the State of Alaska must stamp all containment and rigging plans. The engineer must design the containment structures and rigging to include attachments to the bridge and to accommodate maxi mum high wind loads and maximum daily weight loads of abrasive blast grit, dry or wet. Include in the Containment and Disposal Plan all measures necessary to contain paint during painting operations. Require the following personnel to attend the prepainti ng conference:
5.Site Superintendent and/or Applicator Foreman
6.Quality Control Inspector 250 ALASKA 2020 7. Chief Blast Cleaner
8.Chief Paint Applicator
9.Technical representative of the coating system manufacturer for this project At the prepainting conference, submit the followi ng in writing and discuss in detail:
10.Work plan for safety, health, containment, ventilation, pressure washing, rigging, lighting, abrasive blast cleaning, coating application, curing all coats, and quality control
11.Work plan for handling hazardous and non- hazardous waste, including but not limited to testing, handling, treatment, temporary storage, transportation, disposal, and applicable regulations and laws governing hazardous waste
12.Plans for record keeping for all work performed
13.Work schedule, including h ours per shift, number of shifts and all manpower
14.List of all equipment in detail, including compressor sizes, number of blast personnel per shift, and coating applicators Immediately after the prepainting conference, all parties must visit the project sit e. On site, explain the proposed methods of cleaning, coating, containing hazardous waste, and making attachments to the bridge. Submit the planned schedule of work typical of all sequences. Submit all required certificates and resumes/letters for approval , including the paint manufacturer’s written recommendations and instructions. Following receipt of written final approval of all submittals, notify the Engineer in writing of the actual project mobilization or start up. The Engineer will determine the mi nimum notification time at the end of the prepainting conference.
513-3.05 QUALITY CON TROL AND QUALITY ASS URANCE. Comply with the following quality
control and quality assurance rules:
1.Use the best practices of the trade.
2.Use applicable portions of the SS PC-PA Volume 1, Shop, Field and Maintenance Painting when they do not conflict with contract Specifications.
3.Have current copies of SSPC -PA Volumes 1, 2, and 3 on site at all times. Supply them to your crew and Department personnel for reference.
4.Require your Quality Control Inspector to monitor and document daily all equipment, manpower, materials, surface preparation, ambient conditions, paint application and product millage to conform with the Specifications and with the coating system manufacturer's wr itten recommendations and instructions given at the prepainting conference. Deliver a copy of each daily report to the Engineer on the following morning.
5.Prior to requesting an inspection by the Engineer, submit a report signed by the Quality Control Inspector, certifying that all work complies with the Plans and Specifications. Correct the following defects without additional compensation or contract time:
6.Coats thinner than minimum dry film thickness specified 251 ALASKA 2020 7. Coats with excessive millage (Remove coats wi th excessive millage according to the coating manufacturer's written instructions and recoat to Specifications.)
8.Unauthorized paint application (Remove and reclean the underlying surface.)
9.Incomplete stripe coat
10.Overspray, spatter, runs, and sags
11.Defects i n the top coat, including abrasives or dust Provide equipment and an operator for safe access to all areas of the work for quality assurance inspections by the State, as necessary. The Engineer may hire a National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) Certified Coating Inspector to inspect the work. Results of all such inspections will be documented. As a minimum, the following points will be inspected:
12.After pressure washing
13.After abrasive blast surface preparation and blowing all surfaces clean
14.After applying and curing the prime coat
15.After applying and curing the intermediate coat.
16.After applying and curing the finish coat
17.During final inspection of all work at the end of the project
513-3.06 MEASUREMENT OF DRY FILM THICKNE SS. Measure and completely document
coating thickness by calibrated magnetic film thickness gauge according to the requirements of SSPC -PA Volume 2, Method for Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness with Magnetic Gauges . Destructive testing of the dry film thickness of each coat may be performed with a Tooke gauge. Repair damaged areas.
513-3.07 TRAINING . Train all crafts personnel, including three Department Inspectors, to comply
fully with the General Industry Lead Standard 29 CFR 1910.1025. Furnish the necessary supplies, equipment, i nstruments, and facilities. Include the following subjects in the training:
1.Action Level
2.Permissible Exposure Limit
3.Exposure Monitoring
4.Compliance Plan
5.Respiratory Protection
6.Protective Work Clothing and Equipment
7.Housekeeping
8.Hygiene Facilities and Practi ces
9.Medical Surveillance 252 ALASKA 2020 10. Medical Removal Protection
11.Employee Information and Training
12.Signs
13.Record Keeping
14.Observation of Monitoring
513-3.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY. Follow and enforce safety rules and requirements of the State,
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Federal codes, EPA, local laws, and SSPC - PA Guide 3, A Guide to Safety in Paint Application.
1.Equipment . Use explosion -proof lighting and electrical equipment in cleaning and applying coatings. Use compressors with in- line dryers that are rat ed to match the compressor's rated capacity. Regularly test the compressor's discharge air to make sure it is oil -free.
2.Air Alert . Notify all personnel and the Engineer when work on painted surfaces may contaminate the air above the action level, including, but not limited to, the following:
a.Rivet busting
b.Power tool cleaning without a vacuum system
c.Welding
d.Cutting or torch burning
e.Abrasive blasting
f.Clean -up activities, including containment structure movement
3.Data Sheets . Conspicuously post Material Safety Data Sheets at the work site.
4.Overspray . Take all necessary measures to contain paint during painting operations. Take appropriate action to prevent overspray paint or coating damage to adjacent property. Take remedial action for all overspray.
5.Sampling an d Testing. Conduct an acceptable abrasive blast test before startup. Take a sample of blast abrasives from the accumulation of the first day's blast. Send the sample to an independent testing laboratory to determine contaminant levels. Deliver the report i mmediately to the Engineer. Take additional samples when the project is 25 percent and 75 percent complete or as the Engineer directs. Test with the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). Classify levels at or above 5 ppm of leachable lead as hazardous waste and levels below 5 ppm as non- hazardous . Until the lab confirms test results, consider all debris hazardous and implement all safety precautions. Take soil, water, and sediment samples at approved locations at the bridge site before beginning work and after completing the project. Send these samples to an independent testing lab for analysis. Submit the results to the Engineer. If the samples taken at the end of the project contain higher lead concentrations than the samples taken before begi nning work, 253 ALASKA 2020 clean up the area to reduce the lead concentration to or below the level found before work began. Perform additional sampling and testing as results dictate, including tests for plant and aquatic life.
6.Adjacent Property . Coordinate bridge cleaning and painting operations with adjacent property owners before beginning.
7.Confined Spaces . At a minimum, whenever sandblasting and/or painting in confined area, ventilate area and furnish positive pressure respirators. Use the positive pressure respirators according to the coating manufacturer's written instructions.
8.Housekeeping. Maintain good housekeeping practices. Keep the work area, including the work platform, roadway, and adjacent areas, clean and uncluttered. Deposit all debris and rubbish in suit able containers at the end of each work day or as directed.
9.Final Clean Up. At the end of the project, clean all areas, including adjacent areas, and remove all debris. Ensure that the top coat on the complete bridge is free from abrasives and dust generat ed from the project.
513-3.09 CONTAINMENT AND DISPOSAL. Ensure that surface preparation debris test results
fall below RCRA regulatory levels. Treat debris on- site using blast media additives that react with the lead to make it non- leachable in the abrasiv e blast media. Obtain a site- specific EPA identification number for transporting and disposing of hazardous waste. List the Department as the waste generator for the project. Use containment for all other structural steel work involving grinding, welding, or burning of the existing lead- based paint. Provide all labor, equipment, and material for compliance with Specifications and regulations of RCRA, State, Federal, EPA, Local Laws, SSPC -Guide 6 (CON) Guide for Containing Debris Generated During Paint Remov al Operations , and SSPC -Guide 7 (DIS) Guide for Disposal of Lead- Contaminated Surface Preparation Debris . Use SSPC Guides when they do not conflict with these Specifications. These regulations apply to sampling, testing, storing, containing, treating on si te, transporting and disposing of all hazardous and non- hazardous waste. Use filter fabric, drapes, or other appropriate methods to recover and contain loose paint and other debris generated during pressure washing. Maintain liners, tarps, and drapes used to contain debris in good condition. If they are punctured, stop the work, repair the puncture, and capture the debris. Stop abrasive blast cleaning and coating during high wind or precipitation, when containment is not in compliance, and when otherwise directed. Use containment procedures meeting the following subsections of SSPC -Guide 6 (CON): 5.3 CONTAINMENT STRUCTURES FOR ABRASIVE BLASTING 5.3.1 Containment Materials , Type A1 (Rigid) 5.3.2 Air Impenetrable , Type B1 5.3.3 Support Structure, Type C1 (Ri gid) 5.3.4 Joints , Type D1 (Full Seal) 5.3.5 Entryway, Type E3 (Overlapping) 5.4 VENTILATION SYSTEM C OMPONENTS 254 ALASKA 2020 5.4.1 Input Air Flow, Type G1 (Forced) 5.4.2 Air Pressure, Type H2 (Visual) 5.4.3 Air Movement, Type I1 (Minimum Specified) 5.4.4 Exhaust Air Flo w/Dust Collection, Type J1 (Air Filtration Required) 5.5 METHODS FOR ASSESSIN G QUANTITY OF EMISSI ONS 5.5.1 Visible Emissions, General Surveillance, 200 feet from containment structure and Level 2 Emissions 5.5.5 Soil Analysis for Toxic Metals 5.6 METHOD OF ASSESSING EFFICIENCY OF DEBRIS COLLECTION AND BULK ABRASIVE RECOVERY 5.6.1 Weight In/Weight Out Method Dispose of waste according to Sections 5, 6 and 7 of SSPC -Guide 7 (DIS).
513-3.10 SURFACE PRE PARATION. Before beginning any other cleaning, pressure was h all
surfaces scheduled for painting. Remove all dirt, grease, loose chalky paint, salts, or other foreign material. Do not pressure wash surfaces more than 2 weeks before painting or cleaning. Use a pressure washer with at least 3000 psi at all elevatio ns. Keep the nozzle tip no more than 12 inches from the surface during all phases of power washing. Perform pressure washing with potable water. If needed, add a biodegradable detergent to the pressure washer feed water or apply it directly to the surface to be cleaned. Apply the detergent using methods that remove all surface contaminants. Before abrasive blasting, grind smooth all metal defects, fins, slivers, burrs, weld spatter, and sharp edges resulting from shearing or similar operations, including fl ame- hardened edges resulting from cutting or burning. Grind flame- hardened edges a minimum of 1/16 inch. Document all weld defects and report them to the Engineer immediately. Abrasive blast clean all metal to be coated to SSPC -SP10/NACE #2, Near -white Bla st Cleaning. Remove all mill scale. Match the appearance of the abrasive blast cleaned area to Pictorial Standard SSPC -VIS-1-89 and NACE TMO170/NACE #2. Produce a surface profile neither detrimental to the coating performance nor contrary to the coating manufacturer's written instructions. Repair all defects that become evident after abrasive blasting or applying a prime coat. Retexture the surface to match the blasted profile. Clean all abrasive- blast -cleaned surfaces and staging surfaces by brushing, vac uum cleaning, or blowing with dry, oil- free compressed air. Do not wipe down surfaces with rags. Remove all loose blast material from the work area. Make sure all surfaces to be coated are free of contaminants and moisture. Coat all abrasive blast cleaned surfaces in the same working shift. Reclean and inspect all surfaces not coated within 12 hours or if they show contamination or rust bloom. The Engineer may approve additional time between abrasive blast cleaning and coating under controlled humidity cond itions. To prevent contaminating cleaned or coated surfaces, do not pressure wash or abrasive blast clean in adjacent areas when also applying coatings or drying coated surfaces. 255 ALASKA 2020 Prevent contaminating the cleaned surfaces with any oil, grease, soil, dust, foreign matter, salts, acids, alkali, or other corrosive chemicals before applying the prime coat and remaining coats. Remove any contamination from the surface before applying other coats.
513-3.11 WEATHER LIM ITATIONS. Apply coatings within the environmental limitations
recommended by the coating manufacturer. Do not apply coatings:
1.where dust is generated;
2.in fog, snow, or rain;
3.on surfaces that are wet or damp; or
4.when surface temperature is below 35 °F or above 120 °F. When necessary, control the contai nment environment to comply with material specifications and meet the completion date.
513-3.12 Painting Me Tal Surfaces.
Supply enough materials on the job site to satisfy all coat time windows and recoating requirements. Do not open paint containers unt il ready to use. Keep partial containers sealed. Do not use paints that have begun to polymerize, solidify, gel or deteriorate. Remove and discard paint skin before mixing. Do not use paint if the volume of skin on the surface or sides of the container exc eeds 2 percent. Use the oldest paint or component first. Apply coating by spraying. Use daubers or sheepskins when no other application method is practical in places that are difficult to access. Use dipping, roller coating, or flow coating only when speci fically authorized. Apply stripe coating before applying each coat. Spot paint or stripe all edges, corner crevices, rivets, bolts, welds, and sharp edges before fully coating the steel. Make sure that striping extends at least 2 inches from the edge. Even ly distribute the stripe coat and work it well into joints, corners, and crevices. Use coating techniques that result in a uniform wet pattern or that comply with the coating manufacturer's written instructions. Apply paint to the following dry film thick ness(DFT): Prime Coat: 3 to 5 mils Intermediate Coat: 3 to 5 mils Top Coat: 3 to 5 mils If necessary, apply several coats to achieve the proper thickness. Apply each coat as a continuous film of uniform thickness, free of pores. Make sure all coats are free of runs, sags, and dry spray. Repaint any thin spots or areas missed in the application. Make sure each coat is properly cured or dried before applying the next coat. If any applied coating is damaged, mud cracked, bubbling or blistering, permit it to dry first. Remove damaged areas of paint and prepare the surface again. Feather the edges of existing paint out to 1/2 inch surrounding the spot -cleaned area. Make sure no loose or abrupt edges of paint remain. Repaint the area with the same kind and number of coats as the undamaged area according to the manufacturer's written recommendations. Evenly blend the final spot coat of repair with the surrounding coating. 256 ALASKA 2020 For final inspection, make sure the top coat is uniform and complete in coverage and appearance. The Engineer will visually inspect the top coat and determine acceptance by total DFT.
513-4.01 METHOD OF M EASUREMENT. See Section 109.
513-5.01 BASIS OF PA YMENT. Testing, sampling, and treatment of soil, washing water, stream
water, sediment, and b last abrasive are subsidiary. Containing, handling, and disposing of waste material is subsidiary. Payment will be made under: PAY ITEM Item Number Item Description Unit 513.0001.____ Field Painting of Steel Structures LS 257 ALASKA 2020 SECTION 514 CONCRETE SURFAC E TREATMENTS
514-1.01 DESCRIPTIO N. Provide an aesthetic fascia and anti -graffiti protection on exposed
faces of precast and cast -in-place concrete.
514-1.02 SUBMITTALS. Submit shop drawings for approval that contain a minimum of the
following informati on:
1.formliner brand, name, and model number
2.formliner sheet sizes
3.formliner layout and joint locations, including chamfer strip and form tie locations
4.panel coordination and details of cropped panels
5.installation sequence
6.methods to prevent formliner deflection due to pressure from concrete placement
7.panel elevations Submit verification samples that are at least 18 inches square of the type and pattern specified in the Plans. Provide the formliner manufacturer’s installation instructions and product data information.
514-2.01 Materials.
1.Aesthetic Fascia . Provide standard reusable, non- porous formliners conforming to the pattern as specified on the Plans; or approved equal.
2.Anti-graffiti Protection. Use a two -step anti -graffiti protection system designed specifically for this use. The system shall consist of a single component clear acrylic base coat covered by a clear urethane finish coat. This material is not a sealer or vapor barrier and no discoloration is allowed.
514-3.01 AESTHETIC FASCIA. The w all dimensions and concrete quantities provided on the
Plans are minimum and do not include allowances for the thickness of the formliners. Account for the thickness of the formliners. Do not decrease the required minimum clear cover when using aesthetic f ascia. Measure provided clear cover at the point where it is a minimum due to the aesthetic fascia. Cover the form leaving a maximum of 6 inches between the edge of liner and the finished top of the wall, pathway or ground grade at the bottom, and edge or expansion joints on the sides, or as recommended by the manufacturer. Do not place concrete until the Engineer approves the liner placement on the form.
514-3.02 ANTI -GRAFFITI PROTECTION. Let all concrete surfaces set at least 28 days before
applying any coatings. Apply the system in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Apply appropriate masking as required. Apply the system to concrete surfaces to a minimum of one- foot below finished grade.
514-4.01 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT. See Sec tion 109 and as follows:
1.Aesthetic Fascia . By the square foot of in- place surface area of aesthetic facia.
2.Anti-graffiti Protection. By the square foot of coated surface area.
Source: Alaska Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2020 Edition. Pages 276–284 of 584.