332 ALASKA 2020 SECTION 621 PLANTING TREES AND S HRUBS
621-1.01 DESCRIPTION . Furnish, plant or transplant, and maintain trees, shrubs, and other
plants on prepared areas in conformance with the Plans. MATERIALS
621-2.01 PLANT STOCK. Furnish plants that are true to type and name according to the current
edition of Standardized Plant Names , American Joint Committee on Horticultural Nomenclature. Furnish plants and plant bundles labeled with durable and legible labels according to size, botanical genus, and common plant name. Furnish the variety and species specified in the Special Provisions. Furnish plants that are typical of the species or variety and that conform to American Standard for Nursery Stock (ANSI Z60.1) for type and grade. Furnish nursery grown plants unless collected plants are specified. Furnish plants that are grown or conditioned to an environment similar to the project site, including elevation, annual precipitation, soil conditions, and climate. Fu rnish plants free from disease, injurious insects, mechanical wounds, broken branches, decay, or other defects.
1.Nursery Stock.
a.Furnish trees and shrubs furnished from a nursery that have been root pruned during their growing period in the nursery accordi ng to standard nursery practice to produce a fibrous compact root system suitable for the various species and sizes called for on the Plans. Use nursery stock that has been growing for at least 2 full growing seasons.
b.Furnish container grown plants that have been growing for at least 1 year but no more than 2 years in the same container. Only ground cover plants may exhibit a “pot -bound” condition.
c.Provide trees with straight trunks, well -branched with symmetrical tops and no unhealed scars more than ¾ inch in diameter.
2.Collected Stock. Collect healthy plants growing under natural conditions in soils and in locations which lend themselves to proper collecting practices. Ensure that the root systems or balls for collected stock is at least 25 percent larger t han those specified for nursery -grown material.
3.Balled and Burlapped Plants.
a.Meet the ball diameters and depths specified in the American Standard for Nursery Stock (ANSI Z60.1).
b.Furnish plants with a firm ball of earth from the original and undisturbed so il in which the plant was growing. Wrap the ball with burlap or similar approved material and lace it tightly to hold the ball firm and intact. Plant material that arrives at the planting site with broken or loose balls or with manufactured earth, are unac ceptable. Handle balled and burlapped plants by the earth ball only and protect against drying and freezing.
4.Substitutions . No substitutions are permitted without written approval. Notify the Engineer in writing within 6 weeks of target planting date if any specified plant is not obtainable or available. The Engineer will evaluate the plant availability and may consider allowing the nearest available size and similar variety, with corresponding adjustment to the contract unit price. 333 ALASKA 2020 5. Storage and Packing. Handle and pack all plant material according to good nursery practices as required by soil and climatic conditions. Plants that show signs of improper storage or handling are unacceptable.
6.Inspection.
a.Make all planting stock available for inspection in the nursery or collecting field before it is dug. At least 10 working days before digging operations, furnish complete and detailed information about the supply source for each item of plant materials.
b.Final inspection and acceptance for size of ball or roots , color, absence of defects, and for other requirements will be made at the planting site before placing the plants in their permanent positions. The Engineer will reject plants:
1.Listed on the Alaska Department of Natural Resources Division of Agriculture webpage with an Alaska Natural Heritage Program Invasiveness Ranking greater than 70;
2.Without labels or plants from which labels have been removed;
3.Lacking proper proportions, have injuries to the bark or roots, broken branches, insect pests, diseases;
4.Showing signs of improper storage or handling, or have damaged or loose earth balls; or
5.Containing prohibited noxious weeds (as listed in 11 AAC 34.020(a)) in the earth ball or containers.
621-2.02 FERTILIZER. Use fertilizer that meets Section 725. Meet the c hemical proportions
specified in the Special Provisions.
621-2.03 LIMESTONE. Use limestone that meets Subsection 712- 2.03.
621-2.04 MULCH. Use mulch that meets Section 727.
621-2.05 BACKFILL MI X. Use backfill mix that meets Section 726.
621-2.06 STAKES. Use stakes that are strong and fit for the purpose intended.
621-2.07 TREE WOUND DRESSING. Use tree wound dressing that is antiseptic, waterproof, and
contains no materials harmful to the living tissue of trees. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
621-3.01 TEMPORARY S TORAGE. Where temporary storage or heeling- in of plants is required,
provide and prepare a suitable heeling- in ground or a well -ventilated and cool storage shed, located near the planting site, before shipping planting stock. Heel-in or properly store all acceptable planting stock if not planted within 24 hours, as follows:
1.Balled and Burlapped Plants . Temporarily store in a protected area with balls 6 inches apart. Fill voids with moist mulch up to and including the top of the ball.
2.Bare -Rooted Plants . Pud dle immediately, then heel -in by placing the plants, properly spread, in a trench and covering the roots with moist topsoil. 334 ALASKA 2020 Protect bare root plants adequately at all times. Plants left out of the ground unprotected overnight, left with roots exposed to t he sun, or improperly protected during transit, unloading, heeling -in, or during the planting operation, are unacceptable. Protect the roots of plants stored in a shed at all times using moist straw or other approved material. Water as required.
621-3.02 A DVANCE PREPARATION A ND CLEANUP. After clearing and grubbing of the area is
complete, remove any stones, sticks, stumps, clods, and other debris which might interfere with growth or maintenance. Repair any subsequent damage from erosion or other causes. Prepare areas which will receive group plantings with generally curving outlines.
621-3.03 PLANTING. Perform all planting work using good horticultural practices.
1.Plant Season.
a.Locally Grown: Transplant Alaska- grown native or exotic species in the fall of the year, following leaf drop.
b.Imported: Handle and transplant out -of-state plants, according to the nursery recommendations.
2.Excavation.
a.Keep topsoil separate from underlying layers and render it loose and friable. Remove any material detrimental to plan t growth and dispose of it at approved locations.
b.Make pits for trees at least 2- 5 times the diameter of the root ball or the spread root system of bare- root trees. Make the depths of pits for trees at least 2 feet and as much deeper as may be necessary to provide a minimum depth of 9 inches below the bottom of the ball or spread root system of the tree when placed at the proper elevation.
c.Make pits for shrubs at least 2 times the diameter of the root ball or spread root system. Keep the depths of pits for shrubs at least 12 inches and as much deeper as may be necessary to provide 6 inches minimum below the bottom of the ball or spread root system when the shrub is placed at the proper elevation.
d.Ensure that the dimensions of pits, pockets, or trenches for v ines, ground covers, and similar types of plants will provide space for the spread root system. Keep the depth and width at least 6 inches below and around the root system.
3.Pruning.
a.Roots. Prune all damaged or broken main roots with a clean, oblique cut i mmediately above the point of damage.
b.Branches. Use pruning techniques that conform to the best horticultural practices with due regard to natural or desired form and growth characteristics of the individual species. Preserve a single terminal leader when pruning. On all deciduous plants, remove 1/3 to 1/2 of the potential leaf -bearing surface. Treat all cut surfaces that are 3/4 inch or more in diameter with tree wound dressing.
4.Transplanting. Relocate plant material, within the limits of the project, desi gnated for transplanting to areas shown on the drawings or as specified. Dig this material with root systems or balls as specified for collected stock and replant it the same way as new stock.
5.Placing Plants. 335 ALASKA 2020 a. Set plants plumb on lightly tamped backfill mi x and at a level so that the root collar will bear the same relation to the planting site as it bore to the ground from which it was dug.
b.Handle balled and burlapped plants by the earth ball and not by the plant itself. Place the plants in holes without removing the burlap.
c.Fill the hole with water before placing the plant. Place the backfill gradually, allowing the soil to soak up the water.
6.Backfilling . Work backfill mix around the roots and firmly tamp it as it is filled into the holes to eliminate air pockets. Avoid bruising or breaking the roots while tamping or firming the backfill mix about them. Hold upright plants plumb during the backfilling operation. When the backfilling is 2/3 completed, loosen the exposed burlap and lay it back from the ball or cut off excess. After thorough watering, complete the backfilling. During backfilling, remove stocks, sod, clods, or other material that tend to form air pockets. Except in areas for shrub beds, construct a shallow basin of backfill mix approximately 3 inches deep and as wide as the diameter of the hole around each plant. On steep slopes, pull enough soil to the lower side of the plants to form shallow basins to catch and hold water. After the backfilling is completed, water the plant basins thoroughly.
7.Wrapping. When specified, wrap the trunks of all deciduous shade and flowering trees with 4- inch-wide waterproof paper, overlapping 1- 1/2 inches, between the lowest main branches to the ground line. Tie the wrapping in at least 5 places, including top, middl e, and bottom. Complete these protective measures within 4 days after planting.
8.Staking and Guying.
a.Immediately after planting, brace all evergreen trees 4 to 6 feet high and all deciduous trees 6 feet and over in height and less than 1- 1/2 inch in diameter. Use a single stake measuring at least 2 inches by 2 inches by 6 feet and place it 2 feet deep into the ground on the windward side to avoid injury to the root system. Connect the stake to the tree using approved binding straps.
b.Immediately guy all deciduous trees 1- 1/2 inches and over in diameter, and all evergreen trees 6 feet and over in height using 3 cables spaced approximately 120 degrees apart around the tree. Use cables each made of 2 No. 12 galvanized steel wires, free from bends and kinks, tw isted into a strand. Fasten cables around the trunk immediately above a substantial limb wherever possible. Fasten cables around the trunk at a distance from the ground equal to 1/2 to 2/3 of the total height of the tree. Anchor cables to the ground at an equal distance away from the trunk. Protect the tree from damage caused by the cable using an approved method.
c.Use other anchor stakes that are at least 2 inches x 2 inches x 2 feet. Drive the stakes at right angles to the guy wire. Ensure that the stakes do not extend more than 3 inches above the ground. Notch or drill the stakes to prevent cables from slipping.
621-3.04 PERIOD OF E STABLISHMENT. Establishment periods extend for one complete
growing season following acceptable planting. Employ all possible means to preserve the plants in a healthy and vigorous condition to ensure successful establishment. During this period, perform the necessary weeding, spraying (with approved insecticides or fungicides), cultivating, remulching, and tightening or replaci ng guy wires and stakes as may be required. Water all shade, evergreen, and flowering trees as frequently as necessary to keep the immediate root areas moist at all times. The Engineer may, but is not required to, determine the Project is complete except for the period of establishment, and issue a letter of final acceptance. After final acceptance, work or materials due under this subsection during any remaining period of establishment are considered warranty 336 ALASKA 2020 obligations that continue to be due following final acceptance in accordance with Subsection 105- 1.16.
621-3.05 CLEANUP. Remove from planting sites any quantities of subsoil, rock, and other spoils
resulting from excavation after planting. Dispose of them as directed. On slopes 3:1 and steeper, you may scatter or dispose of material other than rock and coarse debris. Leave all planting sites in an acceptable condition.
621-3.06 PLANT REPLA CEMENTS. Before project completion, replace all trees, shrubs, crowns,
and vines that are not alive and healthy wi th plants of the same species, size, and quality without extra compensation. Where replanting is performed, the Engineer may accept all plant material in a living, healthy condition, including replacements, at the time of final inspection.
621-3.07 MAINTE NANCE. Protect the planted areas using signs, barricades, or other approved
means. Keep the planted areas watered.
621-4.01 METHOD OF M EASUREMENT. See Section 109, by the number of plants or length of
hedge alive and healthy at the time of final inspection.
621-5.01 BASIS OF PA YMENT. Excavation, top soil, backfill, fertilization, and disposal of all
unsuitable and surplus material are subsidiary . Water for maintenance will be paid for under item 618.0003.____. Payment will be made under: PAY ITEM Item Number Item Description Unit 621.0001.____ Tree, EACH 621.0002.____ Shrub, EACH 621.0003.____ Hedge, LF 621.0004.____ Vine, EACH 337 ALASKA 2020 SECTION 622 REST AREA FACILITIES
622-1.01 DESCRIPTION . Construct one or more of the following rest area facilities at locations
shown on the Plans:
1.Sanitary facilities with screen fences
2.Wooden picnic tables and shelter houses
3.Litter can racks with litter cans, lids, and locking devices
4.Fireplaces
5.Well, casing (if required), pump cylinder, and hand pump assembly
6.Treated tim ber curb
7.Rest area signs
8.Litter barrels MATERIALS
622-2.01 GENERAL. Use only new materials that conform to plan details, or as specified.
622-2.02 GALVANIZING . Meet AASHTO M 111 or M 232. Repair damage to galvanized coatings
according to Subsection 716- 2.07.
622-2.03 HAND PUMP D RINKING FOUNTAIN. Use a sanitary drinking fountain pump stand
meeting details shown on the Plans. Provide a pump complete with an Ohio pattern base, stuffing box, air vent, and drainpipes. Use a brass or brass -lined pump cylinder wi th an inside diameter of 1-11/16 inch, 6- inch minimum stroke. Provide a plunger with two leathers. Thread the top and bottom of the cylinder to 2- inch pipe size. Use ball or spool valves. Tap the plunger valve to allow screwing to the top of the check valv e. Use a check valve designed to be withdrawn through the cylinder and drop pipe with the plunger. Use a check valve equipped with a cup leather similar to the plunger cup leathers.
622-2.04 WELL CASING S. Case the well with standard weight black or galvani zed steel pipe, 6 -
inch diameter, meeting ASTM A53.
622-2.05 WELL SCREEN S. Determine screen length, area, size of openings, and material after
exploring water -bearing strata and analyzing samples from the strata. The Engineer will approve screen criteria depending on thickness and uniformity of water -bearing strata, analysis of aquifer samples, well requirements, and the screen manufacturer’s recommendations. Obtain representative samples of sands and water in the aquifer. Take the sand sample after obtaining a satisfactory yield according to Subsection 622- 3.05. Submit the samples and a copy of the drilling log to the screen manufacturer. Give the Engineer copies of transmittals to and from the screen manufacturer. Use a final length of screen as recommended by the screen manufacturer and approved by the Engineer. Use the largest diameter that can be installed in the casing. Use a screen made of either silicon steel or stainless steel, based on chemical analysis of the well water. Screen must be strong enou gh to resist damage during installation and external force after installation. Do not change screen alignment after installation. Provide fittings of the same material as the screen needed to seal top of screen tightly to casing and to close bottom of screen. If screen is installed inside casing, provide a lead packer seal at top of screen with 12- inch minimum overlap of casing and screen. If screen is attached to casing, provide suitable coupling or weld screen to casing.
622-2.06 DROP PIPE. Use 2 -inch galvanized steel pipe with galvanized couplings meeting ASTM
A53. Ream the ends of the pipe before installation so that you can withdraw the pump rod and
Source: Alaska Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2020 Edition. Pages 360–364 of 584.