220 for the work shall be considered as included in the prices paid for the various contract items of work requiring the use of water. 207- 1 Description: The work under this section shall consist of applying all water required for the control of dust as considered necessary for the safety and convenience of the traveling public, and for the reduction of the dust nuisance to adjacent property.
207-2Blank :
207- 3 Construction Requirements: The use of pressure pumps and spray bars on all sprinkling equipment used for the application of dust palliative will be required. The use of gravity flow spray bars and splash plates will not be permitted. Water applied for dust control shall be as approved or directed by the Engineer. The contractor shall provide appropriate equipment for effective control of dust. 207- 4 Method of Measurement and Basis of Payment: No measurement or payment will be made for application of dust palliative, including furnishing water and all necessary equipment and labor, the cost being considered as included in contract items. SECTION 208 SEPARATION GEOTEXTILE FABRIC : 208- 1 Description: The work under this section shall consist of furnishing and placing a permeable separation geotextile fabric. The fabric shall be placed in accordance with the details shown on the project Plans and the requirements of these specifications. 208- 2 Materials: 208- 2.01 Geotextile Fabric: The separation geotextile fabric shall be supplied in accordance with and conform to the material requirements of Subsections 1014- 1 and 1014- 4 of the specifications. Special attention shall be given to the TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 221 required survivability of the fabric material which will be as called out in the Special Provisions or as shown on the plans. 208- 2.02 Fabric Packaging, Handling, and Storage: The identification, packaging, handling, and storage of the geotextile fabric shall be in accordance with ASTM D4873. Fabric rolls shall be furnished with suitable wrapping for protection against moisture and extended ultraviolet exposure prior to placement. Each roll shall be labeled or tagged to provide product identification sufficient to determine the product type, manufacturer, quantity, lot number, roll number, date of manufacture, shipping date, and the project number and name to which it is assigned. Rol ls will be stored on the site or at another identified storage location in a manner which protects them from the elements. If stored outdoors, they shall be elevated and protected with a waterproof, light colored, opaque cover. At no time, shall the fabr ic be exposed to sunlight for a period exceeding 14 days. 208- 3 Construction Requirements: 208- 3.01 Weather Limitations: Separation geotextile fabric shall not be placed when weather conditions, in the opinion of the Engineer, are not suitable to allow placement or installation. This will normally be at times of wet or snowy conditions, heavy rainfall, extreme cold or frost conditions, or extreme heat. 208- 3.02 Equipment: Mechanical or manual laydown equipment shall be capable of handling full rolls of fabric, and laying the fabric smoothly, without wrinkles or folds. The equipment shall be in accordance with the fabric manufacturer's recommendations or as approved by the Engineer. 208- 3.03 Surface Preparation: The surface upon which the separation fabric will be placed shall be compacted and finished according to the requirements of these specifications. 208- 3.04 Fabric Placement: The separation geotextile fabric shall be unrolled on the finished surface and laid smooth without wrinkles. The placement of fabric by dragging across the finished surface will not be allowed. The geotextile fabric shall be overlapped a minimum 24 inches for longitudinal and transverse joints. The center of a longitudinal overlapped joint shall be located in the same manner as a longitudinal pavement joint. Transverse overlaps shall be in the direction of aggregate placement. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 222 208- 3.05 Placement and Compaction of Aggregate: Aggregate materials shall be placed by back dumping the aggregate in a manner which does not dam age the fabric and then spreading the aggregate material onto the geotextile fabric in a constant forward direction. Traffic or construction equipment shall not be permitted directly on the geotextile unless approved by the Engineer for emergency purposes. Pins or piles of aggregate can be used to hold the geotextile in place while being covered. Overstressing the subgrade soil shall be avoided by utilizing equipment in spreading and dumping that exerts only moderate pressures on the soil. If ruts of 2 inches or greater occur in the aggregate, the contractor shall use lighter equipment which transmits less ground pressure. Any ruts which develop during spreading or compacting aggregate shall be filled with additional aggregate rather than bladed from adjacent areas so that the final design aggregate thickness is maintained. Construction equipment shall not be allowed to turn or stop suddenly on the aggregate placed over the geotextile fabric. Aggregate base shall be compacted as specified in Subsection 303- 3.02 of the specifications . Aggregate base material shall not be mixed or processed on the separation geotextile fabric. The aggregate base material shall be premixed at the stockpile area or at another location in a manner approved by the Engineer. Aggregate base materials will be sampled for acceptance after premixing and prior to placement on the separation fabric. Contamination and segregation of aggregate base materials prior to or during placement shall be minimized. Any damage to the fabric occurring during placement of the aggregate must be repaired immediately. The aggregate shall be removed from the damaged area to allow placement of a fabric patch extending three feet on all sides beyond the damaged area, followed by replacement of the ag gregate. 208- 4 Method of Measurement: Separation geotextile fabric will be measured by the square yard in-place. Measurement will be to the nearest square yard. No allowance will be made for material in laps. 208- 5 Basis of Payment: The accepted quantity of separation geotextile fabric, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard, which price shall be full compensation for furnishing all labor, materials, and equipment, and performing all operations in connection with placing the separation geotextile fabric as shown on the project plans. No payment will be made for separation geotextile fabric TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 223 rejected, or patches which are necessary, due to either contamination or damage due to either the fault or negligence of the contractor .
TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 224 SECTION 301 LIME TREATED SUBGRADE : 301- 1 Description: The work under this section shall consist of preparing roadbed for lime treatment, furnishing and applying lime, mixing lime, and water with in-place material, and spreading, compacting and curing the mixture to the lines, grades, and dimensions shown on the project plans and in accordance with the requirements of the specifications. 301- 2 Materials: 301- 2.01 Lime: Lime shall be approved prior to its use in accordance with Materials Policy and Procedure Directive No. 13, "Certification and Acceptance of Hydraulic Cement, Fly Ash, Natural Pozzolan, Silica Fume, and Lime". Lime shall be either a commercial dry hydrated lime or a commercial granular or pelletized quicklime, conforming to the requirements of ASTM C977. Hydrated lime shall contain not less than 85 percent calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, as determined by ASTM C25. Quicklime shall contain not less than 94 percent total available calcium oxide and magnesium oxide (CaO + MgO), and not less than 90 percent total a vailable calcium oxide (CaO), as determined by ASTM C25. Lime from more than one source or more than one type may be used on the same project, but the different limes shall not be mixed. The lime shall be protected from exposure to moisture until used and shall be sufficiently dry to flow freely when handled. The type of lime shall be as specified in the Special Provisions. 301- 2.02 Water: Water used for mixing shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 1006- 2.02 of the specifications. 301- 2.03 Bituminous Material for Curing Seal: Bituminous material for curing seal shall be Emulsified Asphalt, Grade SS-1 conforming to the requirements of Section 1005 of the specifications. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 225 301- 3 Construction Requirements: 301- 3.01 Preparation of Roadbed: In-place material to be lime treated shall be scarified and thoroughly broken up to the full roadway width. The material to be treated shall contain no rocks larger than 2- 1/2 inches in any dimension. The depth to be scarified shall be such that when the lime, water , and in- place material is mixed and compacted, the treated subgrade will be in close conformity to the specified thickness. If the mixing machine to be used requires that the material be windrowed, the windrows shall be of uniform cross section and limited to such size that all the material can be passed through the mixer at each operation. Otherwise the mater ial shall be shaped to the required line, grade and cross- section before application of lime and mixing. 301- 3.02 Application of Lime: Lime shall be added to the material to be treated at a rate not varying more than 10 percent from the rate specified in t he Special Provisions. The equipment used to distribute the lime shall be approved by the Engineer and it shall be capable of uniformly distributing the required amount of lime for the full width of the pass. When hydrated lime is used, the required amount of lime may be applied in the form of a slurry. Lime or lime treated material shall not be spread or mixed when the soil is frozen, when the air temperature is less than 40 degrees F in the shade, or when conditions indicate that the temperature may fall below 40 degrees F within 24 hours. The area upon which lime may be spread ahead of the mixing operation shall be limited to that which the contractor may thoroughly mix by the end of the working day. No traffic other than water trucks and the mixing equipment shall be allowed to pass over the spread lime until after completion of mixing. 301- 3.03 Mixing : Mixing shall be accomplished by a traveling pugmill or a single or multiple transverse shaft mixer and shall be approved by the Engineer. It shall be equipped with a system capable of introducing water at a controlled rate during mixing in order to produce a completed mixture with a uniform moisture content within 2 percentage points of the optimum moisture content of the material being treated. The optimum moisture content will be determined in accordance with the requirements of the applicable test methods of the ADOT Materials Testing Manual, as directed and approved by the Engineer. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 226 Mixing or re- mixing operations shall continue until the material is uniformly mixed, free of streaks or pockets of lime. The final mixture shall not contain more than 5 percent of untreated dirt clods larger than 1 inch in diameter. After the initial mixing operation and before the lime treated material is compacted, a curing period of 24 to 48 hours will be required. If quicklime is used for subgrade treatment, sufficient water shall be added prior to or during ini tial mixing to slake all of the quicklime. 301- 3.04 Compaction and Finishing: The treated mixture shall be spread and compacted to the required width, grade, and cross- section. The thickness of a compacted layer shall not exceed 8 inches. Where the required thickness is more than 8 inches, the mixture shall be spread and compacted in two or more approximately equal lifts. The moisture content shall be maintained to achieve compaction. Unless specified otherwise, the lime treated material shall be compacted to a density of at least 100 percent of the maximum density as determined in accordance with the requirements of the applicable test methods of the ADOT Materials Testing Manual, as directed and approved by the Engineer. Initial compaction shall be by means of sheepsfoot or grid rollers. Final compaction shall be by means of steel wheel or pneumatic tired rollers. Areas inaccessible to rollers shall be compacted to the required densi ty by other means satisfactory to the Engineer. The lime treated subgrade shall be finished to a reasonably smooth and uniform surface and in reasonably close conformity to the lines, grades, dimensions, and cross -sections shown on the project plans or established by the Engineer. The surface of the treated subgrade shall not vary by more than 0.04 feet above or below the grade established by the Engineer. Damage to the lime treated subgrade which occurs as a result of the contractor's construction activit ies shall be promptly repaired by the contractor at no additional cost to the Department, when so directed by the Engineer. 301- 3.05 Curing: The surface of each compacted layer of lime treated material shall be kept moist until covered by a subsequent layer of lime treated material, or until a bituminous curing seal is applied. The bituminous curing seal shall be applied uniformly at an approximate rate of 0.15 gallons per square yard of surface, the exact rate to be determined by the Engineer in accordance with the requirements of Subsection 404- 3.05 of the TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 227 specifications. The curing seal shall be applied as soon as possible after the completion of final compaction and before the temperature falls below 35 degrees F. No equipment or traffic will be permitted on lime treated subgrade for three days after curing seal is applied, unless otherwise permitted by the Engineer. Subsequent subbase, base, or pavement course shall be placed within 10 days after the curing seal is applied. Any damage to the curing seal or lime treated subgrade shall be promptly repaired by the contractor at no additional cost to the Department and as directed by the Engineer, until a subsequent subbase, base, or pavement course is placed over the lime treated subgrade. 301- 3.06 Safety Program: The contractor shall provide to the Engineer for review a detailed safety program for the protection of the workers and public, covering precautions to be exercised and emergency treatment to be available on the project site. The program shall include protective equipment for eye, mouth, nose, and skin protection; and a f irst aid kit with an eyeball wash. Said protective equipment shall be available on the project site during spreading and mixing operations. This program shall be provided and agreed upon before the lime spreading begins. The contractor shall actively enforce the program for the protection of its work force and others in the construction area. Adequate care must be taken to avoid quicklime contact during spreading and slaking operations. 301- 4 Method of Measurement: Hydrated lime or quicklime will be measured by the ton in accordance with the requirements of Section 109 of the specifications. Subgrade treatment will be measured by the square yard of subgrade treated. The area will be determined from horizontal measurements of the surface area treated, excluding any side slopes of the treated section. 301- 5 Basis of Payment: The accepted quantities of lime and subgrade treatment, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit prices per ton for hydrated lime or quicklime, and per square yard for subgrade treatment, complete in place. Payment for lime will include furnishing and application of lime. Payment for lime treated subgrade will also include furnishing and application of curing seal. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 228 SECTION 302 CEMENT TREATED SUBGRADE : 302- 1 Description: The work under this section shall consist of preparing the roadbed for cement treatment; furnishing and applying cement; mixing cement and water with in- place mater ial; and spreading, compacting , and curing the mixture to the lines, grades, and dimensions shown on the project plans and in accordance with the requirements of the specifications. 302- 2 Materials: 302- 2.01 In-place Material: In-place material on the roadbed shall be the native material or embankment. 302- 2.02 Hydraulic Cement and Water: Hydraulic cement and water shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 1006- 2 of the specifications. 302- 2.03 Bitumin ous Material for Curing Seal: Bituminous material for curing seal shall be Emulsified Asphalt, Grade SS-1 conforming to the requirements of Section 1005 of the specifications. 302- 3 Construction Requirements: 302- 3.01 Preparation of Roadbed: In-place material which is to be cement treated shall be scarified and thoroughly broken up over the full roadway width. The material to be treated shall contain no rocks larger than 2- 1/2 inches in any dimension. The depth to be scarified shall be such that when the cement, water , and in-place material is mixed and compacted, the treated subgrade will be in reasonably cl ose conformity to the specified thickness. If the mixing operation requires that the material be windrowed, the windrows shall be of uniform cross- section and limited to a size that will allow all the material to pass through the mixer in each operation. Otherwise the material shall be shaped to the required line, grade, and cross- section before application of cement and mixing. 302- 3.02 Application of Cement: Cement shall be added to the material to be treated at the rate specified in the Special Provisions. The actual application rate shall not vary by more than 10 percent from the rate specified. The equipment used to TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 229 distribute the cement shall be as approved by the Engineer and it shall be capable of uniformly distributing the required amount of cement for the full width of the pass. Cement or cement treated material shall not be spread or mixed when the soil is frozen, when the air temperature is less than 40 degrees F in the shade, or when conditions indicate that the temperature may fall below 40 degrees F within 24 hours. The area upon which cement may be spread shall be limited to that which the contractor can thoroughly mix and compact by the end of one- half of a work shift. No traffic other than water trucks and mixing equipment shall be allowed to pass over the spread cement until after completion of mixing. 302- 3.03 Mixing : Mixing shall be accomplished with a traveling pugmill or a single or multiple transverse shaft mixer as approved by the Engineer. Mixers shall be equipped with a system capable of introducing water at a controlled rate during mixing and be capable of producing a completed mixture with a uniform moisture content. The moisture content of the completed mixture shall be within 2 percentage points of the optimum moisture content of the material being treated as determined in accordance with the requirements of the applicable test methods of the ADOT Materials Testing Manual, as directed and approved by the Engineer. The in- place material and cement shall be mixed such that cement balls are prevented from forming when water is added. Mixing shall be continued until the mixture is uniform and at the required moisture content. 302- 3.04 Comp action and Finishing: The treated mixture shall be spread and compacted to the required width, grade, and cross section. The thickness of a compacted layer shall not exceed 8 inches. Where the required thickness is more than 8 inches, the mixture shall be spread and compacted in two or more approximately equal lifts. The moisture content shall be maintained to achieve compaction. Unless specified otherwise, the cement treated material shall be compacted to a density of at least 100 percent of the maximum density as determined in accordance with the requirements of the applicable test methods of the ADOT Materials Testing Manual, as directed and approved by the Engineer. Initial compaction shall be accomplished with sheepsfoot or grid rollers. Final compaction shall be accomplished with steel -wheel or TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 230 pneumatic- tired rollers. Areas inaccessible to rollers shall be compacted to the required density as approved by the Engineer. The cement treated subgrade shall be finished to a reasonably smooth and uniform surface and in reasonably close conformity to the lines, grades, dimensions, and cross- sections shown on the project plans or established by the Engineer. The surface of the treated subgrade shall not vary by more than 0.04 feet above or below the grade established by the Engineer. Damage to cement treated subgrade which occurs as a result of the contractor's construction activities shall be promptly repaired by the contractor at no additional cost to the Department, when so directed by the Engineer. 302- 3.05 Operation Time Requirement: Not more than two hours shall elapse between the time water is added to the subgrade and cement, and the time of completion of initial compaction prior to trimming. Not more than 2.5 hours shall elapse between the time water is added to the subgrade and cement and the time of completion of final compaction after trimming, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. 302- 3.06 Curing: The surface of cement treated subgrade shall be kept moist until a curing seal is applied. Bituminous curing seal shall be applied uniformly at the rate of 0.15 gallons per square yard of surface. The curing seal shall be applied on the same day that final compaction is performed and as soon after the final compaction as is practicable. Any damage to the curing seal or the cement treated subgrade shall be promptly repaired by the contractor, at no additional cost to the Department and as directed by the Engineer. After the curing seal has been applied, the cement treated subgrade shall be kept free of heavy equipment and traffic for a period of at least three days. Light construction traffic will be allowed after the curing seal has been placed. Subsequent subbase, base , or pavement course shall be placed within 10 days after the curing seal is applied. Any damage to the curing seal or cement treated subgrade shall be promptly repai red by the contractor at no additional cost to the Department and as directed by the Engineer, until a subsequent subbase, base, or pavement course is placed over the cement treated subgrade. When the project plans call for 4 inches or more of aggregate base over the cement treated subgrade, the aggregate base may be used as the curing seal in lieu of a bituminous curing seal. The aggregate base shall TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX