for in accordance with the provisions of Subsection 104.02 of the specifications. SECTION 505 MANHOLE S: 505- 1 Description: The work under this section shall consist of furnishing all materials and constructing complete manholes including frames and covers; furnishing and installing manhole frames and covers; or removing and resetting existing manhole frames and covers at the locations designated on the project plans and in accordance with the details shown on the plans and the requirements of these specifications. 505- 2 Materials: 505- 2.01 Concrete: Materials furnished for Portland cement concrete shall conform to the requirements of Section 1006 of the specifications for Class B concrete, except precast manholes. Precast manholes shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 199 except that the compressive strength of each unit will be determined and accepted in accordance with Subsection 1006- 7 of the specifications. 505- 2.02 Reinforcing Steel: Materials furnished for reinforcing steel shall conform to the requirements of Section 1003 of the specifications. 505- 2.03 Brick: Brick shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 91. 505- 2.04 Mortar: Mortar shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 503- 2.03 of the specifications. 505- 2.05 Frames and Covers: Frames and covers shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 1004- 6 of the specifications for drainage structure castings. The bearing face of the frame shall be machined so that the cover will lie flat in any position in the ring and have a uniform bearing throughout its entire circumference. Before leaving the foundry, the frames and covers shall be thoroughly cleaned. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX At the option of the manufacturer, manhole covers may be supplied from the foundry with the ADOT logo embossed in the center, at no additi onal cost to the Department. The current ADOT logo design at the time of cover installation shall be used. Manhole covers with out -dated logo designs will not be accepted for installation or payment. 505- 3 Construction Requirements: 505- 3.01 Manhole: Excavation and backfill for the manhole shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of Subsection 203- 5 of the specifications. All connections for lateral pipes will be considered a part of the manhole. The invert channel may be lined with split pipe. Manhole side- walls shall be constructed of cast -in-place or precast concrete, or brick, as shown on the project plans. The base of all manholes shall be cast -in-place concrete. A list of approved precast units will be found in the Special Provisions. Cast -in-place concrete shall be placed in accordance with the requirements of Section 601 of the specifications. Bricks for side- walls shall be wetted before being used and shall be laid in full mortar beds. Mortar that has been mixed for more than one hour shall not be used. Re- tempering of mortar will not be permitted. Proper equipment shall be provided for lowering the precast secti ons to position. The tongue end of the section shall be placed in contact with the base structure unless otherwise directed. Not more than two holes shall be cast or drilled in the shell of each section for the purpose of handling and placing. If such holes are provided, they shall be filled and finished with mortar after placing. Any precast section damaged during handling or placing shall be repaired or replaced at the option of the Engineer and at no additional cost to the Department. Joints for prec ast concrete manhole sections shall be made with Portland cement mortar, rubber gaskets, mastic joint fillers, or by a combination of these types, or other approved type. The completed mortar joint shall be formed with a bead on the outside and finished smooth on the inside of the sections and suitably cured. The rubber ring gaskets shall be installed so as to form a flexible watertight seal. The mastic joint filler shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 198 and shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations so as to form a watertight seal. Where frames and covers for new manholes are to be set in new bituminous mix or asphaltic concrete surfaces, they shall not be set until TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX the roadway has been surfaced. Where a bituminous seal coat or asphaltic concrete finishing course is to be placed on the new surfacing, the frames and covers shall be set after the surface course has been completed and prior to the placement of the seal coat or the finishing course. Steel plates of a size approved by the Engineer shall be placed over the manhole prior to surfacing operations. After surfacing operations are completed, the steel plates shall be removed and th e frames and covers set in concrete at the proper elevation so that the cover will be flush with the adjacent finished surface. Care shall be taken that the base and surfacing materials are not disturbed beyond the edges of the plate. Concrete and reinforcing steel shall be placed around the frame as detailed on the plans. The concrete shall be protected during the curing period. Upon completion each manhole shall be thoroughly cleaned and kept clean until final acceptance of the work. The contractor shall observe all the ordinances of the city or town in which the work is located. Streets shall be kept open for passage of traffic and protection for the public shall be provided when the manhole excavation is exposed and dangerous. The manhole constructi on work shall be completely and adequately covered when no work is being done. Every precaution shall be taken to prevent water pumped from manholes from flooding streets, alleys, sidewalks, and private property. 505- 3.02 Frame and Cover for Manhole: Where an existing frame and cover for a manhole is unfit for further use, a new frame and cover shall be furnished and installed as specified under Subsection 505- 3.01 of the specifications. Where necessary, existing side -walls shall be adjusted to the required grade by removing portions of, or adding to, the existing walls. Such adjustments shall conform to the details of the existing manhole unless otherwise detailed on the project plans. 505- 3.03 Reset Manhole Frame and Cover: Existing frames and covers to be reset shall be carefully removed and reset to the required grade in accordance with the requirements of Subsection 505- 3.02 of the specifications; however, at the contractor's option and with approval of the Engineer, adjustable extension rings of the type which do not require the removal of the existing frame may be used. The extension device shall provide positive locking action wi th the existing frame and shall permit adjustment in height to conform to the new finish pavement surface. The material for the extension device shall be compatible with the existing frame and conform to the requirements of Section 1004 of the specificati ons. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX SECTION 506 Manhole frames and covers to be reset which are lost or damaged by the contractor's operations shall be replaced at no additional cost to the Department.
505-4 Method of Measurement:
Manholes will be measured as a unit for each manhole, including fram e and cover; for each frame and cover; or for each existing frame and cover removed and reset.
505-5 Basis of Payment:
The accepted quantities of manholes, frame and cover for manhole, and reset manhole frame and cover, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price each, complete in place, including excavation and backfill. The removal of unsuitable material below the required depth and the furnishing and placing of material in the voids thus created will be paid for in accordance with the provisions of Subsection 109.04 of the specifications. S ECTION 506 UNDERDRAINS:
506-1 Description:
The work under this section shall consist of furnishing all labor, equipment, and materials to construct an underdrain system in accordance with the details shown on the project plans and as directed by the Engineer. When more than one type of pipe is allowed to be installed at underdrain installations, the underdrain will be designated as alternative pipe underdrain on the plans and in the bidding schedule. The type of pipe to be installed shall be selected by the contractor from the allowable types of pipe shown on the plans.
506-2 Materials:
506- 2.01 Pipe Materials: Certificates of Compliance conforming to the requirements of Subsection 106. 05 of the specifications shall be submitted for all pipe materials. (
A.Perforated Clay Pipe: Perforated clay pipe shall conform to the requirements for extra- strength perforated clay pipe as specified in AASHTO M 65, except that plain end TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX SECTION 506 pipe complying in all other respects with the stated AASHTO M 65 specification may be used. Design modifications to the bell socket end of the pipe which will facilitate posit ioning of the perforations or placement of the pipe may be made, provided that such modifications are approved by the Engineer prior to use. Pipe so modified shall conform to all performance requirements and tests specified in AASHTO M 65. If plain end pi pe is used, couplers which are capable of holding the pipe in alignment shall be used to join the pipe.
B.Perforated Steel Pipe: Perforated steel pipe and coupling bands shall conform to the requirements of AAS HTO M 36 and M 218, with the following modifications: The pipe shall conform to any one of the full -circle types specified in AASHTO M 36, and perforations in the pipe shall be either drilled or punched. The perforations shall be located either in the in side crests or in the flat tangent portion of all corrugations, but not in both locations in a given length of pipe.
C.Perforated Aluminum Pipe: Aluminum underdrain pipe and fittings shall conform to the req uirements of AASHTO M 196 with the following modifications: The pipe shall conform to Type III pipe according to AASHTO M 196. Perforations in the pipe shall be either drilled or punched. The minimum thickness of sheet shall be 0.06 inches.
D.Perforated Plastic Pipe: Perforated plastic pipe shall be either smooth- wall polyvinyl chloride plastic pipe, corrugated polyvinyl chloride plastic pipe with a smooth interior surface, or corrugated polyethylene plasti c tubing. Smooth- wall polyvinyl chloride plastic pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 278. Corrugated polyvinyl chloride plastic pipe with a smooth interior surface shall conform to the material and structural requirements of AASHTO M 278. T he pipe shall have perforations located in the bottom half of the pipe and the perforations shall consist of slots meeting the size and opening area requirements listed in AASHTO M 252. The inside diameter and diameter tolerances shall conform to the requirements of either AASHTO M 252 or M 278. Corrugated polyethylene plastic tubing shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 252 or M 294. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX SECTION 506 Polyvinyl chloride pipe shall be connected with belled ends, or with sleeve- type or stop- type couplings conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M 278. Polyethylene tubing shall be connected with snap- on, screw -on, or wrap- around fittings and couplings conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M 252 or M 294. Solvent cementing of joints will not be required. 506- 2.02 Underdrain Outlets and Risers: Certificates of Compliance conforming to the requirements of Subsection 106. 05 of the specifications shall be submitted for all underdrain outlet and riser materials. U nderdrain outlets and underdrain terminal risers, vertical risers, and 45-degree risers, consisting of covers, pipes, band couplers, pipe elbows, tees, and wyes shall be furnished and installed in accordance with the details shown on the plans and as specified in these specifications. Underdrain outlets and risers shall be fabricated of the same material as the underdrain pipe or of corrugated metal pipe. Except for covers and coupling band fastening hardware, aluminum and steel shall not be mixed in any installation. Outlet and riser pipe and fittings shall not be perforated. The welded metal cover for risers shall conform to the details shown on the plans. Welded steel covers shall be galvanized after fabrication, in accordance with the provision in Subsection 604- 3.05 of the specifications, Galvanizing. Welding shall be in accordance with the requirements in Subsection 604- 3.06 of the specifications, Welding. C overs shall be fitted and bolted into the riser pipe or elbow. The covers shall seat uniformly and shall not be subject to rocking.
506-2.03 Drain Aggregate:
The drain aggregate shall conform to the following gradation when tested in accordance with the requirements of Arizona Test Method 201. Sieve Size Percent Passing 1-1/2 inch 100 1 inch 95 - 100 1/2 inch 25 - 60 No. 4 0 - 10 No. 8 0 - 5 No. 10 0 - 2 For underdrains within the roadway prism, the percent of fractured coarse aggregate particles for material retained on the No. 4 sieve shall TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX SECTION 506 be at least 90 when tested in accordance with the requirements of Arizona Test Method 212, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. The combined bulk specific gravity range for the aggregate shall be 2.35 to 2.85. The combined water absorption range for the aggregate shall be 0 to 2.5. Resistance to abrasion for aggregate will be determined in accordance with the requirements of AASHTO T 96 and shall meet the following requirements:
A.Maximum loss of 9 percent at 100 revolutions; and
B.Maximum loss of 40 percent at 500 revolutions. 506- 2.04 Drainage Geotextile Fabric: The drainage geotextile fabric shall be as specified in Subsection 1014- 9 of the specifications. -3 Construction Requirements: 506- 3.01 General: The trench for the underdrain shall be excavated to the lines and grades shown on the project plans. The bottom of the trench shall be shaped in accordance with the details shown on the plans and prepared to provide full, firm and uniform support for the drainage geotextile fabric, aggregate, and perforated pipe. 506- 3.02 Weather Limitations: Drainage fabric placement and underdrain installation shall not be done when weather conditions, in the opinion of the Engineer, are not suitable to allow placement or installation. Exposure of geotextiles to the elements between lay down and cover shall be a maximum of 14 days to minimize damage potential. 506- 3.03 Fabric Placement: Surfaces to receive drainage fabric, immediately prior to placing, shall be free of loose or extraneous material and sharp objects that may damage the fabric during installation. The fabric shall be aligned and placed in a wrinkle- free manner. Successive sheets or rolls of fabric shall be overlapped a minimum of 12 inches in the direction of water flow. The drain aggregate shall also be placed in the trench in the direction of water flow, if possible. Should the fabric be damaged during TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX SECTION 506 placing, the torn or punctured section shall be either completely replaced or shall be repaired by placing a piece of fabric that is large enough to cover the damaged area and to meet the overlap requirement. Damage to the fabric resulting from the contractor's vehicles, equipment or operations shall be replaced or repaired by the contractor at no additional cost to the Department. 506- 3.04 Underdrain Construction Details: Aggregate materials shall be placed with great care in a manne r which does not damage the fabric. Pins or piles of aggregate can be used to hold the drainage fabric in place while aggregate is being placed. Aggregate materials shall be compacted in 6 -inch maximum lifts with a minimum of three passes of a vibratory plate type compactor. Perforated pipes shall be laid with the perforations down. Outlets, riser pipes, and associated fittings shall be constructed in accordance with the details shown on the plans and specifications and as directed by the Engineer. The outlet for each underdrain shall be clean at the time of installation and shall be free of obstructions after installation. Pipes that are found to be plugged shall be replaced by the contractor, including replacement of aggregate materials, surfacing and backfill materials, at no additional cost to the Department. After placing the drain aggregate, the geotextile drainage fabric shall be folded over the top of the drain aggregate to produce a minimum overlap of 12 inches for trenches greater than 12 inches wide. In trenches less than 12 inches in width, the overlap shall be equal to the width of the trench. The geotextile drainage fabric shall then be covered with the subsequent course. 506- 4 Method of Measurement: Underdrains will be measured by the linear foot along the centerline of the pipe. Measurement will be made end -to-end to the nearest foot along the actual length of pipe. The pay length shall not exceed the length staked or ordered by the Engineer. Elbows, wyes, tees, risers, outlets, and other branches will be measured by the linear foot for the size and type of underdrain pipe they are connected to. Elbows, outlets and risers will be measured along centerline. Wyes, tees, and other branches will be measured along centerlines to the point of intersection. The total linear feet measured of each type and size of underdrain pipe shall be the sum of the above measured quantities. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX
Source: Arizona Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2021 Edition. Pages – of 1,296.