37SEAL COATS

37-1 General

37-1.01 General

37-1.01A Summary

37-1.01B Definitions

Reserved

37-1.01C Submittals

At least 10 days before the preconstruction meeting submit a list of participants in the preconstruction meeting. Provide each participant's name , employer, title, and role in the production and placement of the seal coats. At least 10 days before starting bituminous seal activities, submit the names and certifications for the laboratories performing testing. For each delivery of asphalt binder or asphaltic emulsion to the job site, submit a certificate of compliance and a copy of the specified test results. For a seal coat that uses crumb rubber modifier, submit a Crumb Rubber Usage Report form monthly and at the end of project.

37-1.01D Quality A ssurance

37-1.01D(1) General

For aggregate testing, quality control laboratories must be in compliance with the Department's Independent Assurance Program to be an authorized laboratory. Quality control personnel must be qualified under the Department's I ndependent Assurance Program. For emulsion testing, quality control laboratories must be AASHTO re :source accredited for asphalt emulsions and asphalt binders. Take samples under California Test 125.

37-1.01D(2) Preconstruction Meeting

Hold a preconstruct ion meeting within 5 business days before start of seal coat work at a mutually agreed time and place with the Engineer and your:

37-1.02 Materials

Not Used

37-1.03 Construction

37-1.03A General

If seal coat activities affect access to public parking, residential property, or commercial property, post signs at 100 -foot intervals on the affected streets . Signs must display No Parking – Tow Away . Signs must state the dates and hours parking or access will be restricted. Notify residents, businesses, and local agencies at least 24 hours before starting activities. The notice must:

37-1.03B Equipment

A self -propelled distributor truck for applying asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder must be equipped with:

37-1.04 Payment

Not Used

37-2 Chip Seals

37-2.01 General

37-2.01A General

37-2.01A(1) Summary

Section 37 -2.01 includes general specifications for applying chip seals .

37-2.01A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-2.01A(3) Submittals

At least 15 days before starting placement of chip seal, submit:

37-2.01A(4) Quality Assurance

37-2.01A(4)( a) General

Reserved SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-2.01A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-2.01A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.01A(4)(b)(ii) Aggregate

All tests must be performed on uncoated aggregate. For aggregate, the authorized laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the following quality characteristics: Aggregate Quality Control Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Location of sampling Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) : At 100 rev At 500 rev California Test 211 1st day of production See California Test 125 Percent of crushed particles Coarse aggregate (min, %) : One-fractured face Two-fractured faces Fine aggregate (min, %) : (Passing no. 4 sieve and retained on no. 8 sieve) One fractured face AASHTO T 335 1st day of production See California Test 125 Flat and elongated particles (max by weight at 3:1, %) ASTM D4791 1st day of production See California Test 125 Durability (min) California Test 229 1st day of production See California Test 125 Gradation (% passing) California Test 202 1 per day per active stockpile See California Test 125 Cleanness value (min) California Test 227 1 per day per active stockpile See California Test 125

37-2.01A(4)(b)(iii) Chip Seals

For a chip seal, perform sampling and testing in the presence of the Engineer at the specified frequency and location for the quality characteristic shown in the following table : Chip Seal Quality Control Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Location of sampling Binder application rate (gal/sq yd) ASTM D2995a 1 per week per distributor truck and before chip seal production starts Pavement surface aUse a durable pad appropriate for the type of binder being sprayed .

37-2.01A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Department Acceptance does not apply to identified areas where the existing surfacing before application of chip seal, contains defective areas as determined by the Engineer and Contractor. At least 7 days before starting placement of the chip seal, the Contractor submits a written list of existing defective areas, identifying the lane direction, lane number, starting and ending highway post mile locations, and defect type. The Engineer must agree on which of the identified areas are defective. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Defective areas are defined as one of the following:

37-2.01B Materials

37-2.01B(1) General

Reserved

37-2.01B(2) Asphaltic Emulsions and Asphalt Binders

Reserved

37-2.01B(3) Aggregate

37-2.01B(3)(a) General

Aggregate must be broken stone, crushed gravel, or both. Aggregate must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: Chip Seal Aggregate Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirements Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) : At 100 rev At 500 re v California Test 211 10 Percent of crushed particles Coarse aggregate (min, %) : One-fractured face Two-fractured faces Fine aggregate (min, %) : (Passing no. 4 sieve and retained on no. 8 sieve) One fractured face AASHTO T 335 95 Flat and elongated particles (max by weight at 3:1, %) ASTM D4791 10 Durability (min) California Test 229 52 Gradation (% passing by weight) California Test 202 Aggregate Gradation table shown under Materials for the chip seal type specified. Cleanness value (min) California Test 227 80 The laboratory must conduct the Vialit test using the proposed asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder and aggregate for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: Chip Retention Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Chip retention (%) Vialit test method for aggregate in chip seals, French chip (Modified)a 95 aThe asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder must be within the field placement temperature range and application rate during specimen preparation. For asphalt binder cure the specimen for first 2 hours at 100 °F. Vialit Test method can be requested by sendi ng email to: Vialit .test@dot.ca.gov . SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-2.01B(3)(b) Precoated Aggregate

Precoating of aggregate must be performed at a central mixing plant. The plant must be authorized under the Department's MPQP . When precoating aggregate, do not recombine fine materials collected in dust control systems. Precoated aggregate must be preheated from 260 to 325 degrees F. Coat with any of the asphalts specified in the table titled "Performance Graded Asphalt Binder" in section 92. The asphalt must be from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of dry aggregate. You determine the exact asphalt rate for precoating of aggregate. Do not stockpile precoated aggregate.

37-2.01C Construction

37-2.01C(1) General

For chip seals on 2 -lane, 2 -way roadways, place a W8 -7 (LOOSE GRAVEL) sign and a W13 -1 (35) plaque at 2,000 -foot maximum intervals along each side of the traveled way where aggregate is spread on a traffic lane and at public roads or streets entering the chip seal area. Place the 1st W8 -7 sign in each direction where traffic first encounters the loose aggregate, regardless of which lane the aggregate is spread on. A W13 -1 (35) plaque is not required where the posted speed limit is less than 4 0 mph. For chip seals on freeways, expressways, and multilane conventional highways, place a W8 -7, (LOOSE GRAVEL) sign and a W13 -1 (35) plaque at 2,000 -foot maximum intervals along the outside edge of the traveled way nearest to the lane worked on, at on r amps, and at public roads or streets entering the chip seal area. Place the 1st W8 -7 sign where the aggregate starts with respect to the direction of travel on that lane. A W13 -1 (35) plaque is not required where the posted speed limit is less than 40 mph. Pilot cars must have cellular or radio contact with other pilot cars and personnel in the work zone. The maximum speed of the pilot cars convoying or controlling traffic through the traffic control zone must be 15 mph on 2 -lane, two -way highways and 25 mp h on multilane divided and undivided highways. Pilot cars must only use traffic lanes open to traffic. On the days that closures are not allowed, you may use a moving closure to maintain the seal coat surface. The moving closure is only allowed during dayl ight hours when traffic will be the least inconvenienced and delayed. The Engineer determines the hours for the moving closure. Maintain signs in place at each location until the final sweeping of the chip seal surface for that location is complete. Signs may be set on temporary portable supports with the W13 -1 sign below the W8 -7 sign or on barricades with the W13 -1 sign alternating with the W8 -7 sign. Schedule chip seal activities so that the chip seals are placed on both lanes of the traveled way each work shift. If traffic is routed over a surface where a chip seal application is intended, the chip seal must not be applied to more than half the width of the traveled way at a time, and the remaining width must be kept free of obstructions and open to traf fic until the previously applied width is ready for traffic use. Wherever maintenance sweeping of the chip seal surface is complete, place permanent traffic stripes and pavement markings within 10 days. If you fail to place the permanent traffic stripes an d pavement markings within the specified time, the Department withholds 50 percent of the estimated value of the chip seal work completed that has not received permanent traffic stripes and pavement markings.

37-2.01C(2) Equipment

Equipment for chip seals must include and comply with the following:

37-2.01C(3) Surface Preparation

Before applying chip seals, cover manholes, valve and monument covers, grates, or other exposed facilities located within the area of application, using a plastic or oil resistant construction paper secured by tape or adhesive to the facility being covered. Reference the covered facilities with enough control points to relocate the facilities after the application of the chip seal. Immediately before apply ing chip seals, clean the surface to receive a chip seal by removing any extraneous material affecting adhesion of the chip seal with the existing surface and drying. Use self - propelled power brooms to clean the existing pavement.

37-2.01C(4) Placement

37-2.01C(4)(a) General

Schedule the operations so that chip seals are placed on both lanes of the traveled way each work shift. At the end of the work shift, the end of the chip seals on both lanes must generally match.

37-2.01C(4)(b) Applying Asphaltic Em ulsions or Asphalt Binders

Prevent spraying on existing pavement not intended for chip seals or on previously applied chip seals using a material such as building paper. Remove the material after use. Align longitudinal joints between chip seal application s with designated traffic lanes. For asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder, overlap longitudinal joints by not more than 4 inches. For areas not accessible to a truck distributor bar apply:

37-2.01C(4)(c) Spreading Aggregates

37-2.01C(4)(c)(i) General

Do not allow vehicles to drive on asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder before spreading aggregate. Spread aggregate within 10 percent of your determined rate. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Spread aggregate at a uniform rate over the full lane width in 1 application. Apply to 1 lane at a time. Sweep excess aggregate at joints before spreading adjacent aggregate. Operate the spreader at speeds slow enough to prevent aggregate from rolling over after dropping. If the spreader is not moving, aggregate must not drop. If you stop spreading and aggregate drops, remove the excess aggregate before resuming activities.

37-2.01C(4)(c)(ii) Precoated Aggregate Application

During transit, cover precoated aggregate with tarpaul ins if the ambient air temperature is below 65 degrees F or the haul time exceeds 30 minutes. When applied, precoated aggregate must be from 225 to 325 degrees F.

37-2.01C(4)(d) Finishing

37-2.01C(4)(d)(i) General

Remove piles, ridges, or unevenly distri buted aggregate. Repair permanent ridges, bumps, streaks or depressions in the finished surface. Spread additional aggregate and roll if aggregate is picked up by rollers or vehicles. Chip seal joints between adjacent applications of a chip seal must be sm ooth, straight, uniform, and completely covered. A coverage is 1 roller movement over the entire width of lane. A pass is 1 roller movement parallel to the chip seal application in either direction. Overlapping passes are part of the coverage being made an d are not part of a subsequent coverage. Do not start a new coverage until completing the previous coverage. Before opening to traffic, finish the chip seals in the following sequence:

37-2.01C(4)(d)(ii) Traffic Control with Pilot Car

For 2 -lane 2 -way roadways under 1 -way traffic control, upon completion of final rolling, traffic must be controlled with pilot cars and routed over the new chip seal for a minimum of 2 hours before opening the lane to traffic not controlled with pilot cars. For multilane roadways, when traffic is controlled with pilot cars, a maximum of 1 lane in the direction of travel must be open to traffic. Traffic must be controlled with pilot cars and be routed on the new chip seal surfa ce of the lane for a minimum of 2 hours after completion of the initial sweeping and before opening the lane to traffic not controlled with pilot cars. Once traffic controlled with pilot cars is routed over the chip seal at a particular location, continuou s control must be maintained at that location until the chip seal placement and sweeping on adjacent lanes to receive a chip seal is completed.

37-2.01C(4)(d)(iii) Sweeping

Sweeping must be performed after the chip seal has set and there is no damage or dislodging of aggregate from the chip seal surface. As a minimum, sweeping is required at the following times:

37-2.01C(4)(d)(iv) Excess Aggregate

Dispose of excess aggregate. If ordered, salvaging and stockpiling of excess aggregate is change order work. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-2.01C(4)(e) Chip Seal Maintenance

Perform sweeping on the morning following the application of aggregate on any lane that has been open to traffic not controlled with pilot cars and before starting any other activities. Chip seal surfaces must be maintained for 4 consecutive days from the day aggregate is applied. Maintenance must include sweeping to maintain a surface free of loose aggregate and to pre vent formation of corrugations. Sweeping must not dislodge aggregate set in asphaltic emulsion or asphalt binder. After 4 consecutive days, excess aggregate must be removed from the paved areas.

37-2.01D Payment

If there is no bid item for traffic control system, furnishing and using a pilot car is included in the various items of the work involved in applying the chip seal. The payment quantity for precoated aggregate is the weight measured after the aggregate is preheated and precoated with asphalt binde r. If recorded batch weights are printed automatically, the payment quantity for aggregate is the weight determined from the printed batch weights if:

37-2.02 Cationic Asphaltic Emulsion Chip Seals

37-2.02A General

37-2.02A(1) Summary

Section 37 -2.02 includes specifications for applying asphaltic emulsion chip seals . An asphaltic emulsion chip seal includes applying an asphaltic emulsion, followed by aggregate, and then a flush coat. A double asphaltic emulsion chip seal is the application of an asphaltic emulsion followed by aggregate, applied twice in sequence and then a flush coat.

37-2.02A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-2.02A(3) Submittals

Reserved

37-2.02A(4) Quality Assurance

37-2.02A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-2.02A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-2.02A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.02A(4)(b)(ii) Cationic Asphaltic Emulsions

In the presence of the Engineer, take two 1 -quart samples at the specified frequency and location under CT 125. For asphaltic emulsion, the q uality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the quality characteristics shown in the following table : SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Rapid-Setting Cationic Asphaltic Emulsion Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Saybolt Furol Viscosity, at 25 °C (Saybolt Furol seconds) AASHTO T 59 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Sieve test (%) Storage stability, 1 day (%) Residue by distillation (%) Particle charge Tests on Residue from Distillation Test: Penetration, 25 °C Ductility Solubility in trichloroethylene AASTHO T 49 AASHTO T 51 AASHTO T 44 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck

37-2.02A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Aggregate acceptance is based on the Department's sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: Aggregate Gradation Acceptance Criteria Quality characteristic Test method Requirement 3/8" 5/16" 1/4" Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/4" -- -- -- 1/2" 100 -- -- 3/8" 85–100 100 100 No. 4 California Test 202 0–15 0–50 60–85 No. 8 0–5 0–15 0–25 No. 16 -- 0–5 0–5 No. 30 -- 0–3 0–3 No. 200 0–2 0–2 0–2

37-2.02B Materials

37-2.02B(1) General

Reserved

37-2.02B(2) Cationic Asphaltic Emulsions

Asphaltic emulsion must be either Grade CRS -2 or CRS -2h.

37-2.02B(3) Aggregate

Aggregate gradation for an asphaltic emulsion chip seal must comply with the requirements show n in the following table: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Asphaltic Emulsion Chip Seal Aggregate Gradation Quality characteristic Test method Requirement 3/8" 5/16" 1/4" Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/4" -- -- -- 1/2" 100 -- -- 3/8" 85–100 100 100 No. 4 California Test 202 0–15 0–50 60–85 No. 8 0–5 0–15 0–25 No. 16 -- 0–5 0–5 No. 30 -- 0–3 0–3 No. 200 0–2 0–2 0–2

37-2.02C Construction

37-2.02C(1) General

Reserved

37-2.02C(2) Cationic Asphaltic Emulsions

Asphaltic emulsions must be applied within the application rate ranges shown in the following table: Asphaltic Emulsion Application Rates Aggregate gradation Application rate range (gal/sq yd) 3/8" 0.30–0.45 5/16" 0.25–0.35 1/4" 0.20–0.30 For double asphaltic emulsion chip seals, the asphaltic emulsions must be applied within the application rates shown in the following table: Asphaltic Emulsion Application Rates Double chip seals Application rate range (gal/sq yd) 1st application 0.30–0.45 2nd application 0.20–0.30 When applied, the temperature of the asphaltic emulsions must be from 130 to 180 degrees F. Apply asphaltic emulsions when the ambient air temperature is from 65 to 110 degrees F and the pavement surface temperature is at least 80 degrees F. Do not apply asphaltic emulsions when weather forecasts predict the ambient air temperature will fall below 39 degrees F within 24 hours after application. If high winds blow debris on roadway or cause spreading issues for binder, cease operatio ns.

37-2.02C(3) Spreading Aggregates

Aggregate must be spread within the spread rate ranges shown in the following table: Aggregate Spread Rates Aggregate gradation Spread rate range (lb/sq yd) 3/8" 20–30 5/16" 16–25 1/4" 12–20 SECTION 37 SEAL COATS For double asphaltic emulsion chip seals, aggregate must be spread within the spread rate ranges shown in the following table: Aggregate Spread Rates Double chip seal Spread rate range (lb/sq yd) 1st application 23–30 2nd application 12–20 Remove excess aggregate on the 1st application before the 2nd application of asphaltic emulsion. You may stockpile aggregate for asphaltic emulsion chip seals if you prevent contamination. Aggregate must have a damp surface at spreading. If water visibly separates from the aggregate, do not spread. You may re -dampen aggregate in the delivery vehicle. Spread aggregate before an asphaltic emulsion sets or breaks. Do not spread aggregate more than 2,500 feet ahead of the completed initial rolling.

37-2.02D Payment

Not Used

37-2.03 Cationic Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion Chip Seals

37-2.03A General

37-2.03A(1) Summary

Section 37 -2.03 includes specifications for applying polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seals . A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seal includes applying a polymer modified asphaltic emulsion, followed by aggregate, and then a flush coat. A double polymer modified asphaltic emulsion c hip seal is the application of a polymer modified asphaltic emulsion followed by aggregate, applied twice in sequence and then a flush coat.

37-2.03A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-2.03A(3) Submittals

Immediately after sampling, submit two 1 -quart samples of polymer modified asphaltic emulsion taken in the presence of the Engineer.

37-2.03A(4) Quality Assurance

37-2.03A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-2.03A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-2.03A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.03A(4)(b)(ii) Cationic Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsions

Take two 1 -quart samples at the specified frequency and location under CT 125 in the presence of the Engineer. Quality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the quality characteristics shown in the following tables: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Rapid-Setting Cationic Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion (If using PMCRS or PMCRS -2h) Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Saybolt Furol Viscosity, at 50 °C (Saybolt Furol seconds) AASHTO T 59 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Storage stability test, 1 day (max, %) Sieve test (max, %) Demulsibility (min, %) Particle charge Residue by distillation or evaporation (min, %) AASHTO T 59a Tests on residue from evaporation test: Penetration, 25 °C Penetration, 4 °C, 200 g for 60 seconds Ductility, 25 °C (min, mm) Torsional recovery (min, %) or Elastic recovery, 25 °C (min, %) Ring and Ball Softening Point (min, °F) AASHTO T 49 AASHTO T 49 AASHTO T 51 California Test 332 AASHTO T 301 AASTO T 53 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck aFollow the temperature guidelines under section 94 -1.02F . Rapid-Setting Polymer -Modified Rejuvenating Asphaltic Emulsion Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Saybolt Furol viscosity, at 50 °C (Saybolt Furol seconds) AASHTO T 59 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Storage stability test, 1 day (max, %) Sieve (max, %) Oil distillate (max, %) Particle charge Demulsibility (min, %) Residue from distillation or evaporation test (min, %) pH ASTM E70 Tests on residue: Viscosity, at 60 °C, (Pa -s) (max) Penetration, 4 °C, (dmm) Elastic recovery, 25 °C (min, %) AASHTO T 202 AASHTO T 49 AASTO T 301 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck

37-2.03A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Aggregate acceptance is based on the Department's sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Aggregate Gradation Acceptance Criteria Quality characteristic Test method Requirement 3/8" 5/16" 1/4" Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/4" -- -- -- 1/2" 100 -- -- 3/8" 85–100 100 100 No. 4 California Test 202 0–15 0–50 60–85 No. 8 0–5 0–15 0–25 No. 16 -- 0–5 0–5 No. 30 -- 0–3 0–3 No. 200 0–2 0–2 0–2

37-2.03B Materials

37-2.03B(1) General

Reserved

37-2.03B(2) Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsions

A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion must include elastomeric polymer. A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion must be either Grade PMCRS -2, PMCRS -2h, or PMRE.

37-2.03B(3) Aggr egate

The aggregate gradation for a polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seal must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: Asphaltic Emulsion Chip Seal Aggregate Gradation Quality characteristic Test method Requirement 3/8" 5/16" 1/4" Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/4" -- -- -- 1/2" 100 -- -- 3/8" 85–100 100 100 No. 4 California Test 202 0–15 0–50 60–85 No. 8 0–5 0–15 0–25 No. 16 -- 0–5 0–5 No. 30 -- 0–3 0–3 No. 200 0–2 0–2 0–2

37-2.03C Construction

Polymer modified asphaltic emulsions must be applied within the application rate ranges shown in the following table: Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion Application Rates Aggregate gradation Application rate range (gal/sq yd) 3/8" 0.30–0.45 5/16" 0.25–0.35 1/4" 0.20–0.30 SECTION 37 SEAL COATS For double polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seals, polymer modified asphaltic emulsions must be applied within the application rates shown in the following table: Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion Application Rates Double application Application rate range (gal/sq yd) 1st application 0.30–0.45 2nd application 0.20–0.30 Apply polymer modified asphaltic emulsions when the ambient air temperature is from 60 to 105 degrees F and the pavement surface temperature is at least 80 degrees F. Do not apply polymer modified asphaltic emulsions when weather forecasts predict the ambient air temperature will fall below 39 degrees F within 24 hours after application. Aggregate must be sp read within the spread rate ranges shown in the following table: Aggregate Spread Rates Chip seal type Spread rate range (lb/sq yd) 3/8" 20–30 5/16" 16–25 1/4" 12–20 For double chip seals, aggregate must be spread within spread rate ranges shown in the following table: Aggregate Spread Rates Double application Spread rate range (lb/sq yd) 1st application 23–30 2nd application 12–20 Remove excess aggregate on the 1st application before the 2nd application of asphaltic emulsion. You may stockpile aggregate for the polymer modified asphaltic emulsion chip seals if you prevent contamination. Aggregate must have damp surfaces at spreading. If water visibly separates from the aggregate, do not spread. You may re -dampen aggregate in the delive ry vehicle. Spread aggregate before the polymer modified asphaltic emulsion sets or breaks. Do not spread aggregate more than 2,500 feet ahead of the completed initial rolling.

37-2.03D Payment

Not Used

37-2.04 Asphalt Rubber Binder Chip Seals

37-2.04A General

37-2.04A(1) Summary

Section 37 -2.04 includes specifications for applying asphalt rubber binder chip seals . An asphalt rubber binder chip seal consists of applying asphalt rubber binder followed by heated aggregate precoated with asphalt binder followed by a flush coat.

37-2.04A(2) Definitions

crumb rubber modifier: Combination of ground or granulated high natural scrap tire crumb rubber and scrap tire crum b rubber derived from waste tires described in Pub Res Code § 42703. descending viscosity reading: Subsequent viscosity reading at least 5 percent lower than the previous viscosity reading. high natural scrap tire crumb rubber: Material containing 40 to 48 percent natural rubber. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS scrap tire crumb rubber: Any combination of vehicle tires or tire buffing.

37-2.04A(3) Submittals

At least 5 business days before use, submit the permit issued by the local air district for asphalt rubber binder field blending equipment and application equipment. If an air quality permit is not required by the local air district for producing asphalt rubber binder, submit verification from the local air district that an air quality permit is not required. For each deliv ery of asphalt rubber binder ingredients to the job site, submit a certificate of compliance with a copy of the specified test results. Submit a certified volume or weight slip for each delivery of asphalt rubber binder ingredients and asphalt rubber binde r. Submit a SDS for each asphalt rubber binder ingredient and the asphalt rubber binder. At least 15 days before use, submit:

37-2.04A(4) Quality Assurance

37-2.04A(4)(a) General

The equipment used in producing asphalt rubber binder and the equipment used in sprea ding asphalt rubber binder must be permitted for use or exempted by the local air district.

37-2.04A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-2.04A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.04A(4)(b)(ii) Asphalt Modifiers

For asphalt modifiers, the authorized laboratory must perform quality control sampling and testing at the specified frequency for the following quality characteristics: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Asphalt Modifier for Asphalt Rubber Binder Quality characteristic Test m ethod Frequency Viscosity ASTM D445 1 per shipment Flash point ASTM D92 Molecular analysis: Asphaltenes ASTM D2007 1 per shipment Aromatics ASTM D2007

37-2.04A(4)(b)(iii) Crumb Rubber Modifiers

Sample and test scrap tire crumb rubber and high natural scrap tire crumb rubber separately. Perform quality control sampling and testing at the specified frequency for the following quality characteristics: Crumb Rubber Modifier Quality characteristic Test method Frequency Scrap tire crumb rubber gradation California Test 385 1 per 10,000 High natural scrap tire crumb rubber gradation California Test 385 1 per 3,400 lb Wire in CRM California Test 385 1 per 10,000 lb Fabric in CRM California Test 385 CRM particle length -- CRM specific gravity California Test 208 Natural rubber content in high natural scrap tire crumb rubber ASTM D297 1 per 3,400 lb

37-2.04A(4)(b)(iv) Asphalt Rubber Binders

For asphalt rubber binders, you must perform sampling and testing in the presence of the Engineer at the specifi ed frequency and location for the quality characteristics shown in the following tables: Asphalt Rubb er Binder Quality Control Requirements (Viscosity) Quality characteristic Test method Sampling location Frequency Descending viscositya ASTM D7741/D7741M Reaction vessel 1 per lotb Viscosity ASTM D7741/7741M Distribution truck 15 minutes before use per lotb aStart taking viscosity readings at least 45 minutes after adding crumb rubber modifier and continue taking viscosity readings every 30 minutes until 2 consecutive descending viscosity readings have been obtained and the final viscosity complies with the specification requirement. bA lot is defined in the MPQP . Test results to be performed and submitted for acceptance. Asphalt Rubber Binder Quality Control Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Sampling location Frequency Cone penetration at 25 °C (0.10 mm) ASTM D217 Distribution truck 1 per lotaResilience at 25 °C (% rebound) ASTM D5329 Softening point (°C) ASTM D36/D36M aA lot is defined in the MPQP . Laboratory test results to be performed and submitted for acceptance. Retain samples from each lot. Test samples for cone penetration, resilience, and softening point for the first 3 lots and if all 3 lots pass, the testing frequency may be reduced to once for every 3 lots. If QC test results indicate that the asphalt rubber binder does not comply with the specifications, take corrective action and notify the Engineer. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-2.04A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

37-2.04A(4)(c)(i) General

Reserved

37-2.04A(4)(c)(ii) Asphalt Modifiers

The Dep artment accepts asphalt modifier based on compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: Asphalt Modifier for Asphalt Rubber Binder Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Viscosity at 100 °C (m2/s x 10-6) ASTM D445 X ± 3a Flash point (min, °C) ASTM D92 207 Molecular Analysis: Asphaltenes (max, % by mass) ASTM D2007 0.1 Aromatics (min, % by mass) ASTM D2007 55 aThe symbol "X" is the asphalt modifier viscosity.

37-2.04A(4)(c)(iii) Crumb Rubber Modifiers

Scrap tire CRM and high natural CRM are sampled and tested separately. The Department accepts scrap tire CRM and high natural CRM based on compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: Crumb Rubber Modifier for Asphalt Rubber Binder Quality characte ristic Test method Requirement Wire in CRM (max, %) California Test 385 0.01 Fabric in CRM (max, %) California Test 385 0.05 CRM particle length (max, in) -- 3/16 CRM specific gravity California Test 208 1.1–1.2 Natural rubber content in high natural CRM (%) ASTM D297 40.0–48.0 The Department accepts CRM gradation based on the requirements shown in the following table: Crumb Rubber Modifier Gradation Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Scrap tire crumb rubber High natural scrap tire crumb rubber Operating range Contract compliance Operating range Contract compliance Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: California Test 385 No. 8 100 100 -- -- No. 10 95–100 90–100 100 100 No. 16 35–85 32–88 92–100 85–100 No. 30 2–25 1–30 25–95 20–98 No. 50 0–10 0–15 6–35 2–40 No. 100 0–5 0–10 0–7 0–10 No. 200 0–2 0–5 0–3 0–5 If a test result for CRM gradation does not comply with the specifications, the Department deducts the corresponding amount for each gradation test as shown in the following table: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Material Gradation test resulta Deduction Scrap tire crumb rubber Operating range < TR < Contract compliance $250 Scrap tire crumb rubber TR > Contract compliance $1,100 High natural scrap tire crumb rubber Operating range < TR < Contract compliance $250 High natural scrap tire crumb rubber TR > Contract compliance $600 aTest Result = TR Each gradation test for scrap tire crumb rubber represents 10,000 lb or the quantity used in that day's production, whichever is less. Each gradation test for high natural scrap tire crumb rubber represents 3,400 lb or the quantity used in that day's production, whichever is less.

37-2.04A(4)(c)(iv) Asphalt Rubber Binders

For Dep artment acceptance testing, take two 1 -quart samples and one 1 -gallon sample of asphalt rubber binder in the presence of the Engineer for every 5 lots or once a day, whichever is greater. For an asphalt rubber binder, acceptance is based on the Department' s sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: Asphalt Rubber Binder Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Cone penetration at 25 °C (0.10 mm) ASTM D217 25–70 Resilience at 25 °C (min, % rebound) ASTM D5329 18 Softening point (°C) ASTM D36/D36M 52–74 Viscosity at 190 °C (centipoises)a ASTM D7741/D7741M 1,500 –4,000 aPrepare sample for viscosity test under California Test 388.

37-2.04A(4)(c)(v) Precoated Aggregate

The Department accepts precoated aggregate based on compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: Precoated Aggregate Gradation Acceptance Criteria Quality characteristic Test method Requirement 1/2" gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/4" 100 1/2" 85–90 3/8" California Test 202 0–30 No. 4 0–5 No. 8 -- No. 200 0–1 3/8" gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/4" 100 1/2" 95–100 3/8" California Test 202 70–85 No. 4 0–15 No. 8 0–5 No. 200 0–1

37-2.04B Materials

37-2.04B(1) General

Reserved SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-2.04B(2) Asphalt Binders

Asphalt binder used as the base binder for asphalt rubber binder must comply with the specifications for asphalt binder. Do not modify asphalt binder with polymer.

37-2.04B(3) Asphalt Mo difiers

An asphalt modifier must be a resinous, high flash point, and aromatic hydrocarbon. An asphalt modifier must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: Asphalt Modifier for Asphalt Rubber Binder Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Viscosity at 100 °C (m2/s x 10-6) ASTM D445 X ± 3a Flash point (min, CL.O.C., °C) ASTM D92 207 Molecular analysis: Asphaltenes by mass (max, %) ASTM D2007 0.1 Aromatics by mass (min, %) ASTM D2007 55 aX denotes the proposed asphalt modifier viscosity from 19 to 36. A change in X requires a new asphalt rubber binder submittal.

37-2.04B(4) Crumb Rubber Modifiers

The CRM to be used must be on the Authorized Materials List for crumb rubber modifier. The CRM must be ground or granulated at ambient temperature. Scrap tire crumb rubber and high natural scrap tire crumb rubber must be delivered to the asphalt rubber binder production site in separate bags. Steel and fiber must be separated. If s teel and fiber are cryogenically separated, it must occur before grinding and granulating. Cryogenically -produced CRM particles must be large enough to be ground or granulated. The CRM must be dry, free -flowing particles that do not stick together. A maxim um of 3 percent calcium carbonate or talc by weight of CRM may be added. The CRM must not cause foaming when combined with the asphalt binder and asphalt modifier. The CRM must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: Crumb Rubber Modifie r for Asphalt Rubber Binder Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Wire in CRM (max, %) California Test 385 0.01 Fabric in CRM (max, %) California Test 385 0.05 CRM particle length (max, in) -- 3/16 CRM specific gravity California Test 208 1.1–1.2 The CRM must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: Crumb Rubber Modifier Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Scrap tire crumb rubber High natural scrap tire crumb rubber Acetone extract (%) 6.0–16.0 4.0–16.0 Rubber hydrocarbon (min, %) 42.0–65.0 50.0 Natural rubber content (%) ASTM D297 22.0–39.0 40.0–48.0 Carbon black content (%) 28.0–38.0 -- Ash content (max, %) 8.0 -- Scrap tire crumb rubber gradation must comply with the gradation requirements shown in the following table: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Scrap Tire Crumb Rubber Gradation Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Gradation limit Operating range Contract compliance Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: No. 8 100 100 100 No. 10 98–100 95–100 90–100 No. 16 California 45–75 35–85 32–88 No. 30 Test 385 2–20 2–25 1–30 No. 50 0–6 0–10 0–15 No. 100 0–2 0–5 0–10 No. 200 0 0–2 0–5 High natural scrap tire crumb rubber gradation must comply with the gradation requirements shown in the following table: High Natural Scrap Tire Crumb Rubber Gradation Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Gradation limit Operating range Contract compliance Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: No. 10 100 100 100 No. 16 95–100 92–100 85–100 No. 30 California 35–85 25–95 20–98 No. 50 Test 385 10–30 6–35 2–40 No. 100 0–4 0–7 0–10 No. 200 0–1 0–3 0–5

37-2.04B(5) Asphalt Rubber Binders

An asphalt rubber binder must be a combination of:

37-2.04B(6) Precoated Aggregate

Before precoating with asphalt binder, aggregate for an asphalt rubber binder chip seal must comply with the gradation requirements shown in the following table: Asphalt Rubber Binder Chip Seal Aggregate Gradation Quality characteristic Test method Requirement 1/2" 3/8" Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/4" 100 100 1/2" California Test 85–90 95–100 3/8" 202 0–30 70–85 No. 4 0–5 0–15 No. 8 -- 0–5 No. 200 0–1 0–1

37-2.04C Construction

37-2.04C(1) General

Reserved

37-2.04C(2) Equipment

Distributor trucks must be equipped with:

37-2.04C(3) Asphalt Rubber Binder Application

Apply the asphalt rubber binder when the ambient temperature is from 60 to 105 degrees F and the pavement surface temperature is at least 55 degrees F. Do not apply the asphalt rubber binder unless enoug h aggregate is available at the job site to cover the asphalt rubber binder within 2 minutes. Intersections, turn lanes, gore points, and irregular areas must be covered within 15 minutes. Do not apply asphalt rubber binder when pavement is damp or during high wind conditions. If authorized, you may adjust the distributor bar height and distribution speed and use shielding equipment during high wind conditions. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS When applied, the temperature of the asphalt rubber binder must be from 385 to 415 degrees F. Apply the asphalt rubber binder at a rate from 0.55 to 0.65 gal/sq yd. You may reduce the application rate by 0.050 gal/sq yd in the wheel paths.

37-2.04C(4) Precoated Aggregate Spreading

Spread aggregate at a rate from 28 to 40 lb/sq yd. Do not spread ag gregate more than 200 feet ahead of the completed initial rolling.

37-2.04C(5) Rolling and Sweeping

Perform initial rolling within 90 seconds of spreading aggregate. If authorized for final rolling, you may use a steel -wheeled roller weighing from 8 to 10 tons in static mode only. Perform a final sweeping before Contract acceptance. The final sweeping must not dislodge aggregate.

37-2.04D Payment

Asphalt rubber binder is measured as specified for asphalt binder.

37-2.05 Stress Absorbing Membrane Interlay Ers

37-2.05A General

Section 37 -2.05 includes specifications for placing stress absorbing membrane interlayers (SAMI) . Comply with section 37 -2.04 except a flush coat is not required. Traffic must not be allowed on a SAMI.

37-2.05B Materials

For a SAMI, aggregate must comply with the 3/8 -inch gradation.

37-2.05C Construction

If a SAMI is overlaid in the same work shift, section 37 -2.01C(4)(e) does not app ly. Final sweeping is not required for a SAMI.

37-2.05D Payment

Not Used

37-2.06 Modified Asphalt Binder Chip Seals

Reserved

37-2.07 Scrub Seals

Reserved

37-3 Slurry Seals and Micro -Surfacings

37-3.01 General

37-3.01A General

37-3.01A(1) Summary

Section 37 -3.01 includes general specifications for applying slurry seals and micro -surfacings.

37-3.01A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-3.01A(3) Submittals

At least 15 days before starting placement of a slurry seal or micro -surfacing, submit:

37-3.01A(4) Quality Assurance

37-3.01A(4)(a) General

Your authorized laboratory must be able to perform International Slurry Surfacing Association tests and mix design.

37-3.01A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-3.01A(4)(b)(i) General

For mix designs, quality control laboratories must be AASHTO re :source accredited for pavement preservation.

37-3.01A(4)(b)(ii) Aggregate

For aggregate, the authorized laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specifie d frequency and location for the following quality characteristics: Aggregate Quality Control Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Location of sampling Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) At 500 rev California Test 211 1st day of production See California Test 125 Percent of crushed particles (min, %) AASHTO T 335 1st day of production See California Test 125 Sand equivalent (min) California Test 217 1 per working stockpile per day See California Test 125 Durability (min) California Test 229 1st day of production See California Test 125 Gradation (% passing by weight) California Test 202 1 per working stockpile per day See California Test 125 Moisture content, from field stockpile (%) AASHTO T 255a 1 per working stockpile per day See California Test 125 aTest aggregate moisture at field stockpile every 2 hours if you are unable to maintain the moisture content to within a maximum daily variation of ±0.5 percent.

37-3.01A(4)(b)(iii) Slurry Seals and Micro -surfacings

Reserved

37-3.01A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Slurry Seal and micro -surfacing acceptance is based on:

37-3.01B Materials

37-3.01B(1) General

Additional water must not c ause separation of the asphaltic emulsion, polymer modified asphaltic emulsion, or micro -surfacing emulsion from the aggregate before placement. You may use an additive that does not adversely affect the slurry seal or micro -surfacing.

37-3.01B(2) Aggrega te

Aggregate must be rock dust. Aggregate must be free from vegetable matter, deleterious substances, caked or clay lumps, and oversized particles. Aggregate for a slurry seal and micro -surfacing must comply with the gradations shown in the following table : Aggregate Gradation Quality characteristic Test method Requirements Type I Type II Type III Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/8" -- 100 100 No. 4 100 94–100 70–90 No. 8 California 90–100 65–90 45–70 No. 16 Test 202 60–90 40–70 28–50 No. 30 40–65 25–50 19–34 No. 200 10–20 5–15 5–15

37-3.01C Construction

37-3.01C(1) General

Before applying slurry seals or micro -surfacings, cover manholes, valve and monument covers, grates, and other exposed facilities located within the area of application using plastic or oil resistant construction paper secured by tape or adhesive to the facility being covered. Reference the covered facilities with enough control points to relocate the facilities after application of the slur ry seals or micro -surfacings.

37-3.01C(2) Proportioning

Proportion slurry seal and micro -surfacing ingredients in compliance with the authorized mix design. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-3.01C(3) Mixing and Spreading Equipment

37-3.01C(3)(a) General

Mixing and spreading equipment for slurry seals and micro -surfacings must proportion the asphaltic emulsions, water, aggregate, and any additives by volume and mix them in continuous pug mill mixers. Introduce emulsions into the mixer with a positive displacement pump. If you use a var iable -rate pump, the adjusting unit must be sealed in its calibrated position. Introduce water into the mixer through a meter that measures gallons. Choose a truck mounted mixer -spreader or continuous self -loading mixer spreader.

37-3.01C(3)(b) Truck Moun ted Mixer Spreaders

Truck mounted mixer spreaders must comply with:

37-3.01C(3)(c) Continuous Self -Loading Mixer Spreaders

Continuous self -loading mixer spreaders must be automatically sequenced and self -propelled. The mixing machine must deliver each material to a double shafted mixer and discharge the mixed material on a continuous flow basis. The mixing machines must have sufficient storage capacity to maintain a continuous supply of material to the proportioning controls. The mixing machine operators must have full control of forward and reverse speeds during placement.

37-3.01C(3)(d) Spreader Boxes

The spreader boxes used to spread slurry seals and micro -surfacings must be:

37-3.01C(3)(e) Shoulder Equipment

Spread the slurry seal or micro -surfacing on shoulders with a device such as an edge box that forms clean and straight joints and edges.

37-3.01C(3)(f) Equipment Calibration

Equipment calibration must comply with the MPQP . Notify the Engineer at least 5 business days before calibrating. If the Department authorizes a truck or continuous mixer spreader, its calibration is valid for 6 months provided you:

37-3.01C(4) Surface Preparation

Immediately before applying slurry seals or micro -surfacings, clean the surfa ce to receive slurry seals or micro -surfacings by removing any extraneous material affecting adhesion of the slurry seal or micro - surfacing with the existing surface. Use self -propelled power brooms or other methods such as flushing to clean the existing p avement.

37-3.01C(5) Placement

37-3.01C(5)(a) General

If truck -mounted mixer -spreaders are used, keep at least 2 operational spreaders at the job site during placement. Spread slurry seals and micro -surfacings uniformly and do not spot, rehandle, or shif t the mixture. However, in areas inaccessible to spreading equipment, spread the slurry seal or micro -surfacing mixtures with hand tools or other authorized methods. If placing with hand tools, lightly dampen the area first. You may fog the roadway surface with water ahead of the spreader box. The fog spray must be adjusted for pavement:

37-3.01C(5)(b) Weather Conditions

Only place slurry seals or micro -surfacings if both the pavement and air temperatures are at least 50 degrees F and rising. The expected high temperature must be at least 65 degrees F within 24 hours after placement. Do not place slurry seals or micro -surfacings if rain is imminent or the air temperature is expected to be below 36 degrees F within 24 hours after placement.

37-3.01C(5)(c) Joints

Transverse and longitudinal joints must be:

37-3.01C(5)(d) Finished Surfaces

Finished slurry seals or micro -surfacings must be smooth and free of irregularities such as scratch or tear marks. You may leave up to 4 marks that are up to 1 inch wide and 6 inches long per 75 linear feet of slurry seal or micro -surfacing placed. Do not leave any marks that are over 1 inch wide or 6 inches long.

37-3.01C(5)(e) Maintenance Sweeping

Sweep the slurry seals or micro -surfacings 24 hours after plac ement without damaging the slurry seals or micro -surfacings. For 4 days afterwards, sweep the slurry seals or micro -surfacings daily unless determined otherwise by the Engineer.

37-3.01C(5)(f) Repair of Early Distress

The slurry seals or micro -surfacings must not show bleeding, raveling, separation, or other distresses for 15 days after placing. If bleeding, raveling, delaminating, rutting, or wash -boarding occurs after placing the slurry seals or micro -surfacings, make repairs using an authorized method.

37-3.01D Payment

Not Used

37-3.02 Slurry Seals

37-3.02A General

37-3.02A(1) Summary

Applying a slurry seal consists of spreading a mixture of asphaltic emulsion or polymer modified asphaltic emulsion, aggregate, additives, and water on a surface or pavement.

37-3.02A(2) Definitions

Reserved SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-3.02A(3) Submittals

Immediately after sampling, submit two 1 -quart samples of asphaltic emulsion or polymer modified asphaltic emulsion taken in the presence of the Engineer.

37-3.02A(4) Quality Assurance

37-3.02A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-3.02A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-3.02A(4)(b)(i) General

Take two 1 -quart samples of asphaltic emulsion and poly mer modified asphaltic emulsion for Department acceptance testing.

37-3.02A(4)(b)(ii) Asphaltic Emulsion

For asphaltic emulsions, the quality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the quality char acteristics shown in the following table : Quick-Setting Asphaltic Emulsion Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Saybolt Furol Viscosity, at 25 °C (Saybolt Furol seconds) AASHTO T 59 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Delivery truck Sieve test (%) Storage stability, 1 day (%) Residue by distillation (%) Particle chargea Tests on Residue from Distillation Test: Penetration, 25 °C AASHTO T 49 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Delivery truck Ductility AASHTO T 51 Solubility in tricloroethylene AASHTO T 44 aIf the result of the particle charge is inconclusive, the asphaltic emulsion must be tested for pH under ASTM E70. Grade QS -1h asphaltic emulsion must have a minimum pH of 7.3. Grade CQS -1h asphaltic emulsion must have a maximum pH of 6.7.

37-3.02A(4)(b)(iii) Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion

For polymer modified asphaltic emulsions, the quality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the quality characteristics shown in the following table : SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Quick-Setting Polymer Modified Cationic Asphaltic Emulsion Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Tests on emulsion: AASHTO T 59 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Delivery truck Saybolt Furol Viscosity at 25 °C (Saybolt Furol seconds) Sieve test (%) AASHTO T 59 Storage stability after 1 day (%) AASHTO T 59 Residue by evaporation (min, %) AASHTO T 59a Particle charge AASHTO T 59 Tests on residue by evaporation: Penetration at 25 °C AASHTO T 49 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Delivery truck Ductility at 25 °C (min, mm) AASHTO T 51 Torsional recovery (min, %) or Elastic recovery, 25 °C (min, %) California Test 332 AASHTO T 301 aFollow the temperature guidelines under section 94 -1.02F .

37-3.02A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

For a slurry seal asphaltic emulsion and polymer modified asphaltic emulsion, acceptance is based on the Department's sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements for the quality characteristics specified. Aggregate acceptance is based on the Department's sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown i n the following table: Aggregate Acceptance Criteria Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) : At 500 rev California Test 211a 35 Percent of crushed particles (min, %) California Test 205 95 Durability (min) California Test 229 55 Sand equivalent (min) : Type I Type II Type III California Test 217 45 aCalifornia Test 211 must be performed on the source aggregate before crushing. A sand equivalent test represents 300 tons or 1 day's production, whichever is less. If test results for sand equivalent do not comply with the specifications, you may remove the slurry seal represented by the test results or request it remain in place with a payment deduction. If your request is authorized, the Department deducts $1.75 per ton of slurry seal for each noncompliant sand equivalent test.

37-3.02B Materials

37-3.02B(1) General

Reserved

37-3.02B(2) Asphaltic Emulsions

The asphaltic emulsion must be Grade CQS -1h.

37-3.02B(3) Polymer Modified Asphaltic Emulsion s

A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion must be grade PMCQS -1h. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion mus t consist of a n elastomeric polymer mixed with a n asphaltic material uniformly emulsified with water and an emulsi fying or stabilization agent . A polymer modified asphaltic emulsion must u se either neoprene polymer or butadiene and styrene copolymer. The polymer must be homogeneous and milled into the asphaltic emulsion at the colloid mill.

37-3.02B(4) Aggregate

Aggr egate must comply with the quality characteristic requirements shown in the following table: Aggregate Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) : At 500 rev California Test 211a 35 Percent of crushed particles (min, %) California Test 205 95 Durability (min) California Test 229 55 Sand equivalent (min) : Type I Type II Type III California Test 217 45 aCalifornia Test 211 must be performed on the source aggregate before crushing. The aggregate supplier must certify that the crushed aggregate being used on the project is manufactured from the source aggregate complying with the LA Rattler requirements.

37-3.02B(5) Slurry Seal Mix Design

The slurry seal mix design, using project source aggregate, an asphaltic emulsion, and set -control agents if any, must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: Slurry Seal Mix Design Requirements Quality characteristic Test methoda Requirement Consistency (max, mm) Technical Bulletin 106 30 Wet stripping Technical Bulletin 114 Pass Compatibility Technical Bulletin 115 Passb Cohesion test, within 1 hour (min, kg -mm) Technical Bulletin 139 200 Wet track abrasion (max, g/m2) Technical Bulletin 100 810 aTest methods are by the International Slurry Surfacing Association. bMixing test must pass at the maximum expected air temperature at the job site during placement. The mix design must have the percent of asphaltic residue, based on percentage by weight of the dry aggregate, within the ranges shown in the following table: Slurry seal type Residue range Type I 10–16 Type II 7.5–13.5 Type III 6.5–12.0 Determine the exact percentage based on the design asphalt binder content and the asphalt residual content of the asphaltic emulsion furnished.

37-3.02C Construction

37-3.02C(1) General

Reserved

37-3.02C(2) Proportioning

After proportioning, slurry seal mixtures must be workable.

37-3.02C(3) Mixing and Spreading Equipment

Reserved SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-3.02C(4) Placement

The slurry seal spread rates must be within the ranges shown in the following table: Slurry Seal Spread Rates Slurry seal type Application range (lb of dry aggregate/sq yd) Type I 8–12 Type II 10–18 Type III 20–25 Within 4 hours after placement, slurry seals must be set enough to allow traffic without pilot cars. Protect slurry seals from damage until it has set and will not adhere or be picked up by vehicle tires. Slurry seals must not exhibit distress from traffic such as bleedi ng, raveling, separation or other distresses.

37-3.02D Payment

The payment quantity for slurry seal is the weight determined by combining the weights of the aggregate and asphaltic emulsion or polymeric asphaltic emulsion. The payment quantity for slurry seal does not include the weights of the added water and set -control additives.

37-3.03 Micro -Surfacings

37-3.03A General

37-3.03A(1) Summary

Section 37 -3.03 includes specifications for applying micro -surfacings . Applying a micro -surfacing consists of spreading a mixture of a micro -surfacing emulsion, water, additives, mineral filler, and aggregate on the pavement.

37-3.03A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-3.03A(3) Submittals

Immediately after sampling, submit two 1 -quart samples of micro -surfacing emulsion taken in the presence of the Engineer.

37-3.03A(4) Quality Assurance

37-3.03A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-3.03A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-3.03A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-3.03A(4)(b)(ii) Micro -surfacing Emulsions

Take two 1 -quart samples of micro -surfacing emulsion for Department acceptance testing. For a micro -surfacing emulsion, the quality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the qualit y characteristics shown in the following table: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Micro-Surfacing Emulsion Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Tests on emulsion: Saybolt Furol Viscosity, at 25°C (Saybolt Furol seconds) AASHTO T 59 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Delivery truck Storage stability, 1 day (max, %) Sieve test (max, %) Residue by distillation or evaporation (min, %) AASHTO T 59 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Delivery truck Tests on residue: Penetration at 25 °C AASHTO T 49 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Delivery truck Softening point (min, °C) AASHTO T 53 Torsional recovery (min, %) or Elastic recovery, 25 °C (min, %) California Test 332 AASHTO T 301

37-3.03A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

For micro -surfacing emulsions, acceptance is based on the Department's sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: Micro-surfacing Emulsion Acceptance Criteria Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Tests on emulsion: Saybolt Furol Viscosity at 25 °C (Saybolt Furol seconds) AASHTO T 59 15–90 Sieve test (%) AASHTO T 59 0.30 Storage stability, 1 day (max, %) AASHTO T 59 0–1 Settlementa, 5 days (max, %) ASTM D244 5 Residue by evaporation (min, %) California Test 331 62 Tests on residue by evaporation: Penetration at 25 °C AASHTO T 49 40–90 Softening point (min, °C) AASHTO T 53 57 aSettlement test on emulsion is not required if used within 48 hours of shipment. Acceptance of aggregate , except mineral filler, is based on the Department's sampling and testing for compliance with the requirements shown in the following table: Aggregate Acceptance Criteria Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) : At 500 rev California Test 211a Percent of crushed particles (min, %) California Test 205 95 Durability (min) California Test 229 65 Sand equivalent (min) : Type II Type III California Test 217 65 aCalifornia Test 211 must be performed on the aggregate before crushing. The aggregate supplier must certify that the crushed aggregate being used on the project is manufactured from the source aggregate complying with the LA Rattler requirements. An aggregate sand equivalent test represents 300 tons or 1 day's production, whichever is less. If the test results for aggregate sand equivalent do not comply with the specifications, you may remove the micro -surfacing repre sented by the test results or request it remain in place with a payment deduction. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS If your request is authorized, the Department deducts $2.00 per ton of micro -surfacing for each noncompliant aggregate sand equivalent test.

37-3.03B Materials

37-3.03B(1) General

Reserved

37-3.03B(2) Micro-surfacing Emulsion s

A micro -surfacing emulsion must be grade MSE. A micro-surfacing emulsion must be a homogeneous mixture of asphalt, an elastomeric polymer , and an emulsifier solution. Add an elastomeric p olymer modifier to asphalt or emulsifier solution before emulsification.

37-3.03B(3) Aggregate

Aggregate must comply with the quality characteristic requirements shown in the following table: Aggregate Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requ irement Los Angeles Rattler loss (max, %) : At 500 rev California Test 211a 35 Percent of crushed particles (min, %) California Test 205 95 Durability (min) California Test 229 65 Sand equivalent (min) : Type II Type III California Test 217 65 aCalifornia Test 211 must be performed on the source aggregate before crushing. The aggregate supplier must certify that the crushed aggregate being used on the project is manufactured from the source aggregate complying with the LA Rattler requirements.

37-3.03B(4) Mineral Fillers

If a mineral filler is used, it must be type I or type II portland cement. A mineral filler used during mix design must be used during production.

37-3.03B(5) Micro -Surfacing Mix Designs

The micro -surfacing mix design must have the material proportion limits shown in the following table: Micro-surfacing Mix Design Proportion Limits Material Proportion limits Micro -surfacing emulsion asphalt residual content (% of dry weight of aggregate) 5.5–10.5 Water and additives As Required Mineral filler (% of dry weight of aggregate) 0–3 The micro -surfacing mix design must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Micro-surfacing Mix Design Requirements Quality characteristics Test methoda Requirement Wet cohesion : At 30 minutes (set) (min, kg -cm) At 60 minutes (traffic) (min, kg -cm) Technical Bulletin 139 12 Excess asphalt (max, g/m2) Technical Bulletin 109 540 Wet stripping (min, %) Technical Bulletin 114 90 Wet track abrasion loss 6-day soak (max, g/m2) Technical Bulletin 100 810 Displacement : Lateral (max, %) Specific gravity after 1,000 cycles of 57 kg (max) Technical Bulletin 147A 5 2.10 Classification compatibility (min, grade points) Technical Bulletin 144 (AAA, BAA) 11 Mix time at 25 °C (min) Technical Bulletin 113 Controllable to 120 seconds aTest methods are by the International Slurry Surfacing Association.

37-3.03B(6) Tack Coats

If there is a bid item for tack coat, you must coat the pavement surface with an asphaltic emulsion mixed with additional water before applying a micro -surfacing. The maximum ratio of water to asphaltic emulsion must be 2 to 1. Apply the tack coat at a rate from 0.08 to 0.15 gal/sq yd. The exact rate must be authorized. You determine the grade of slow -setting or quick setting asphaltic emulsion to be used.

37-3.03C Construction

37-3.03C(1) General

Reserved

37-3.03C(2) Proportioning

Field conditions may require adjustments to the proportions within the authorized mix design during construction.

37-3.03C(3) Mixing and Spreading Equipment

37-3.03C(3)(a) General

Reserved

37-3.03C(3)(b) Scratch Course Boxes

Spread the scratch courses with the same type of spreader box used to spread micro -surfacings excep t use an adjustable steel strike -off device instead of a final strike -off device.

37-3.03C(3)(c) Wheel Path Depression Boxes

Each wheel path depression box must have adjustable strike -off device between 5 and 6 feet wide to regulate depth. The wheel path depression box must also have devices such as hydraulic augers capable of:

37-3.03C(4) Test Strips

If micro -surfacing placement will require more than 1 day, you must construct a test strip. The test strip must be:

37-3.03C(5) Placement

37-3.03C(5)(a) General

Reserved

37-3.03C(5)(b) Repair Wheel Path Depressions

If repairing wheel path depressions is shown in plans, fill wheel path depressions and irregularities with micro -surfacing material before spreading micro -surfacing. If the depressions are less than 0.04 foot deep, fill with a scratch course. If the depressions are 0.04 foot deep or more, fill the depressions using a wheel path depression box. Spread scratch courses by adjusting the steel str ike-off of a scratch course box until it is directly in contact with the pavement surface. Spread micro -surfacings with a wheel path depression box leaving a slight crown at the surface. Use multiple applications to fill depressions more than 0.12 foot dee p. Do not apply more than 0.12 foot in a single application. Allow traffic to compact each filled wheel path depression for a minimum of 12 hours before placing additional micro -surfacings.

37-3.03C(5)(c) Micro -surfacing Pavement Surfaces

The micro -surfac ing spread rates must be within the ranges shown in the following table: Micro -surfacing type Application range (lb of dry aggregate/sq yd) Type II 10–20 Type IIIa 20–32 Type IIIb 30–32 aOver asphalt concrete pavement. bOver concrete pavement and concrete bridge decks. Within 2 hours after placement, micro -surfacings must be set enough to allow traffic without pilot cars. Protect the micro -surfacings from damage until it has set and will not adhere or be picked up by vehicle tires. Micro -surfacings must not exhibit distress from traffic such as bleeding, raveling, separation or other distresses.

37-3.03D Payment

The payment quantity for micro -surfacing is the weight determined by combining the weights of the aggregate and micro -surfacing emulsion. The payment quantity for micro -surfacing does not include the weights of added water, mineral filler, and additives.

37-3.04 Rubberized and Modified Slurry Seals

Reserved

37-4 Fog Seals and Flush Coats

37-4.01 General

37-4.01A General

37-4.01A(1) Summary

Section 37 -4.01 includes general specifications for applying fog seals and flush coats. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-4.01A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-4.01A(3) Submittals

At least 15 days before use, submit:

37-4.01A(4) Quality Assurance

Reserved

37-4.01B Materials

Not Used

37-4.01C Con struction

37-4.01C(1) General

With each load of fog seal emulsion, submit:

37-4.01C(2) Weather Conditions

Only place a fog seal or flush coat if both the pavement and ambient temperatures are at least 60 degrees F and rising. Make sure the road surface is dry. Do not place a fog seal or flu sh coat within 24 hours of rain or within 24 hours of forecast rain or freezing temperatures. Apply fog seal during daylight hours. Nighttime application must be authorized by the Engineer. Apply fog seal when sustained winds are less than 15 mph. To mitig ate overspray in windy conditions , you may lower the bar h eight with larger nozz les or use skirting to prevent the overspray as long as a uniform ap plication is achieved. Cease fog seal activity if wind blows debris onto the traveled way or causes spreadin g issues of the binder.

37-4.01D Payment

Not Used

37-4.02 Fog Seals

37-4.02A General

37-4.02A(1) Summary

Applying a fog seal includes applying a diluted slow -setting or quick setting asphaltic emulsion.

37-4.02A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-4.02A(3) Submittals

Immediately after sampling, submit two 1 -quart samples of asphaltic emulsion taken in the presence of the Engineer. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-4.02A(4) Quality Assurance

37-4.02A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-4.02A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-4.02A(4)(b)(i) General

Reserved

37-4.02A(4)(b)(ii) Asphaltic Emulsions

Take two 1 -quart samples for Department acceptance testing. For asphaltic emulsions, the quality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the quality characteristics shown in the following table : Quick-Setting Asphaltic Emulsion Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Saybolt Furol Viscosity, at 25 °C (Saybolt Fur ol seconds) AASHTO T 59 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Sieve test (%) Storage stability, 1 day (%) Residue by distillation (%) Particle chargea Tests on Residue from Distillation Test: Penetration, 25 °C AASHTO T 49 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Ductility AASHTO T 51 Solubility in tricloroethylene AASHTO T 44 aIf the result of the particle charge is inconclusive, the asphaltic emulsion must be tested for pH under ASTM E70. Grade QS -1h asphaltic emulsion must have a minimum pH of 7.3. Grade CQS -1h asphaltic emulsion must have a maximum pH of 6.7.

37-4.02A(4)(b)(iii) Asphaltic Emulsion Spread Rates

For fog seals, perform sampling and testing in the presence of the Engineer at the specified frequency and location for the quality characteristic shown in the following table : Fog Seal Quality Control Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Minim um sampling and testing frequency Location of sampling Asphaltic emulsion spread rate (gal/sq yd) ASTM D2995 First day of production Pavement surface

37-4.02A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Fog seal acceptance is based on:

37-4.02B Materials

You determine the grade of slow -setting or quick setting asphaltic emulsion to be used. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-4.02C Construction

Immediately before applying fog seal, clean surface to receive fog seal by removing any extraneous material affecting adhesion of the fog seal with the existing surface. Use self -propelled brooms to clean the existing pavement. Dilute emulsion no more than 24 hours before use , unless authorized by the Engineer . When authorized by the Engineer and i f longer than 24 hours is required , the emulsion must be circulated for a minimum of 30 minutes prior to use. Do not store d iluted emulsion more tha n 96 hours. The d ilution and application rates are dependent on the surface conditions. You determine the dilution rate, but make s ure it is not more than 50 percent water or 1:1 ratio . Apply the diluted emulsion with a residual asphalt rate from 0.02 to 0.06 gal/sq yd. The final application rate will be determined by the Engineer. Sprinkle water if the fog seal becomes tacky due to h ot pavement surface temperatures. Apply sand as needed due to weather changes, excess oil, uncured areas, and other localized irregularities. If fog seals and chip seals are on the same project, make sure the joint between the seal coats is neat and unifor m.

37-4.02D Payment

The Department does not adjust the unit price for an increase or decrease in the asphaltic emulsion quantity.

37-4.03 Flush Coats

37-4.03A General

37-4.03A(1) Summary

A flush coat includes applying a fog seal coat followed by sand.

37-4.03A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-4.03A(3) Submittals

At least 15 days before use, submit:

37-4.03A(4) Quality Assurance

37-4.03A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-4.03A(4)(b) Quality Control

For sand, the authorized laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the following quality characteristics: Sand Sampling Locations and Testing Frequencies Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Location of sampling Gradation (% passing by weight) California Test 202 1 per day See California Test 125 SECTION 37 SEAL COATS

37-4.03A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Flush coat acceptance is based on fog seal acceptance and the following:

37-4.03B Materials

37-4.03B(1) General

Reserved

37-4.03B(2) Sand

Sand must be dry and free from deleterious coatings, clay balls, roots, bark, sticks, rags, and other extraneous material. Sand for a flush coat must comply with the gradations shown in the following table: Sand Gradation Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: 3/8" 100 No. 4 93–100 No. 8 61–99 No. 16 California Test 202 X ± 13a No. 30 X ± 12a No. 50 X ± 9a No.100 1–15 No. 200 0–10 a"X" is the gradation that you propose to furnish for the specific sieve size. Fine aggregate size must be distributed such that the difference between the total percentage passing the no. 16 and no. 30 sieves is from 10 to 40, and the difference between the percentage passing the no. 30 and no. 50 sieves is from 10 to 40.

37-4.03C Construction

37-4.03C(1) General

During flush coat activities, close adjacent lane s to traffic. Do not track asphaltic emulsion on existing pavement surfaces. Apply sand immediately after applying asphaltic emulsion. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Spread sand aggregate with a mechanical device that spreads sand at a uniform rate over the full width of a traffic lane in a single application. Spread sand at a rate from 2 to 6 lb per sq yd. You determine the application rates for sand and the Engineer authorizes the application rate.

37-4.03C(2) Sweeping

Sweep loose sand material remaining on the surface 24 hours after application.

37-4.03D Payment

The Department does not adjust the unit price for an increase or decrease in the sand cover (seal) quant ity.

37-4.04 Fog Seals for Existing Pavement

37-4.04A General

37-4.04A(1) Summary

Section 37 -4.04 includes specifications for applying fog seals on existing pavement. JIT training is required only for traveled way fog seal projects. JIT training is not intended for minor paving operations such as rumble strips or striping operations.

37-4.04A(2) Definitions

Reserved

37-4.04A(3) Submittals

At least 15 days before fog seal activities , provide:

37-4.04A(4) Quality Assurance

37-4.04A(4)(a) General

Reserved

37-4.04A(4)(b) Quality Control

37-4.04A(4)(b)(i) General

Prior to starting fog seal activities, review JIT training and contingency plan with the Engineer.

37-4.04A(4)(b)(ii) Fog Seal Preconstruction Meeting

At least 15 days before starting fog seal activities, meet with the Engineer for a fog seal preconstruction meeting at a mutually agreed time and place. Discuss the QC plan and the methods of performing fog seal production and placement. This meeting may be combined with JIT training provide d by you to the Department personnel working on the project. The following personnel must attend the preconstruction meeting:

37-4.04A(4)(b)(i ii) Fog Seal Just-In-Time Training

Provide JIT tr aining on-site or near the job site for your personnel and the Department project personnel. Provide an enclosed facility with electric ity for visual presentations. Schedule the JIT training with the SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Engineer at a mutually agreed time and place. The JIT tr aining instructor must have experienced in fog seal applications and must have completed two successful fog seal projects in the last five years or be accepted by the Engineer. Fog seal JIT training must include the following topics:

37-4.04A(4)(b)(i v) Asphaltic Emulsions

Take two 1 -quart samples for Department acceptance testing. For asphaltic emulsions, the quality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the quality characteri stics shown in the following table : Asphaltic Emulsion Sampling Locations and Testing Frequencies (Diluted Samples) Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Sieve test (%) AASHTO T 59 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Particle chargea Tests on residue from distillation test: Penetration AASHTO T 49 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Ductility AASHTO T 51 Solubility in trichloroethylene AASHTO T 44 aIf the result of the particle charge is inconclusive; the asphaltic emulsion must be tested for pH under ASTM E70. Anionic asphaltic emulsion must have a minimum pH of 7.3. Cationic asphaltic emulsion must have a maximum pH of 6.7.

37-4.04A(4)(b)( v) Asphaltic Emulsion Spread Rates

For fog seals, perform sampling and testing in the presence of the Engineer at the specified frequency and location for the quality characteristic shown in the following table : Fog Seal Sampling Locations and Testing Frequencies Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Location of sampling Asphaltic emulsion spread rate (gal/sq yd) ASTM D2995 1 on the f irst day of production Pavement surface

37-4.04A(4)(c) Department Acceptance

Fog seal acceptance is based on:

37-4.04B Materials

You determine the grade of slow -setting or quick setting asphaltic emulsion to be used.

37-4.04C Construction

Immediately before applying fog seal, clean surface to receive fog seal by removing any extraneous material affecting adhesion of the fog seal with the existing surface. Use self -propelled brooms to clean the existing pavement. Test strips must be at least 500 feet each for different fog seal application rates . The emulsion is not diluted mor e than 24 hours before its intended use. Each load of emulsion must have a certified weight ticket to include weights of emulsion and dilution of water. The d ilution and application rates are dependent on the surface conditions. You determine the dilution rate, but make sure it is not more than 50 percent water or 1:1 ratio . Apply the diluted emulsion with a residual asphalt rate from 0.02 to 0.06 gal/sq yd. The final application rate will be determined by the Engineer. Sprinkle water if the fog seal become s tacky due to hot pavement surface temperatures. Apply sand as needed due to weather changes, excess oil, uncured areas, and other localized irregularities. If fog seals and chip seals are on the same project, make sure the joint between the seal coats is neat and uniform.

37-4.04D Payment

The Department does not adjust the unit price for an increase or decrease in the asphaltic emulsion quantity.

37-5 Parking Area Seals

37-5.01 General

37-5.01A Summary

Section 37 -5 includes specifications for applying parking area seals . Sealing a parking area consists of spreading a mixture of asphaltic emulsion, aggregate, polymer, and water.

37-5.01B Definitions

Reserved

37-5.01C Submittals

At least 15 d ays before starting placement, submit a 20 -lb sample of the aggregate to be used. At least 10 days before starting placement, submit:

37-5.01D Quality Assurance

37-5.01D(1) General

Reserved

37-5.01D(2) Quality Control

37-5.01D(2)(a) General

Reserved

37-5.01D(2)(b) Asphaltic Emulsions

For an asphaltic emulsion, the quality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the quality c haracteristics shown in the following table : Asphaltic Emulsion Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Sampling location Saybolt Furol Viscosity, at 25 °C (Saybolt Furol seconds) AASHTO T 59 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Sieve test (%) Storage stability, 1 day (%) Residue by distillation (%) Particle chargea Tests on Residue from Distillation Test : Penetration, 25 °C AASHTO T 49 Minimum 1 per day per delivery truck Distributor truck Ductility AASHTO T 51 Solubility in trichloroethylene AASHTO T 44 aIf the result of the particle char ge is inconclusive, the asphaltic emulsion must be tested for pH under ASTM E70. Grade QS -1h asphaltic emulsion must have a minimum pH of 7.3. Grade CQS -1h asphaltic emulsion must have a maximum pH of 6.7.

37-5.01D(2)(c) Sand

For sand, the authorized laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency and location for the following quality characteristics: Sand Quality Control Quality characteristic Test method Minimum sampling and testing frequency Location of sampling Gradation (% passing by weight) California Test 202 One per project See California Test 125

37-5.01D(2)(d) Parking Area Seals

For a parking area seal, the quality control laboratory must perform sampling and testing at the specified frequency for the quality characteristics shown in the following table : SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Parking Area Seal Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Frequency Mass per liter (kg) ASTM D244 One per project Cone penetration (mm) California Test 413 Nonvolatile (%) ASTM D2042a Nonvolatile soluble in trichloroethylene (%) Wet track abrasion (g/m2) ASTM D3910 Dried film color -- Viscosity (KU)b ASTM D562 aWeigh 10 g of homogenous material into a previously tarred, small can. Place in a constant temperature oven at 165 ± 5 °C for 90 ± 3 minutes. Cool, reweigh, and calculate nonvolatile components as a percent of the original weight. bKrebs units .

37-5.01D(3) Department Acceptance

Parking area seal acceptance is based on:

37-5.02 Materials

37-5.02A General

Aggregate must be clean, hard, durable, uncoated, and free from organic and deleterious substances. One hundred percent of the aggregate must pass the no. 16 sieve. Asphaltic emulsion must be either Grade SS-1h or CSS -1h, except the values for penetration at 25 degrees C for tests on residue from distillation must be from 20 to 60. Polymer must be either neoprene, ethylene vinyl acetate, or a blend of butadiene and styrene. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Oil seal primer must be a quick -drying emulsion with admixtures. Oil seal primer must be manufactured to isolate the parking area seal from pavement with residual oils, petroleum grease, and spilled gasoline. Crack sealant must comply with section 37 -6. Water must be potable and not separ ate from the emulsion before the material is placed.

37-5.02B Mix Design

The proposed mix design for a parking area seal must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: Parking Area Seal Mix Design Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Mass per liter (min, kg) ASTM D244 1.1 Cone penetration (mm) California Test 413 340–700 Nonvolatile (min, %) 50 Nonvolatile soluble in trichloroethylene (%) ASTM D2042a 10–35 Wet track abrasion (max, g/m2) ASTM D3910 380 Dried film color -- Black Viscosity (min, KU)b ASTM D562 75 aWeigh 10 g of homogenous material into a previously tarred, small ointment can. Place in a constant temperature oven at 165 ± 5 °C for 90 ± 3 minutes. Cool, reweigh, and calculate nonvolatile components as a percent of the original weight. bKrebs units. A parking area seal must contain a minimum of 2 percent polymer by volume of undiluted asphaltic emulsion.

37-5.02C Proportioning

Parking area seal ingredients must be mixed at a central plant. The plant must include mechanical or electronic controls that consistently proportion the ingredients. Mix an asphaltic emulsion with the other ingredients mechanically. Store the parking area seal in a tank eq uipped with mixing or agitation devices. Keep stored materials thoroughly mixed. Protect stored materials from freezing conditions.

37-5.03 Construction

37-5.03A General

Request that the Engineer shut off the irrigation control system at least 5 business days before placing the seal. Do not water plants adjacent to the seal at least 24 hours before and after the seal coat placement.

37-5.03B Surface Preparations

If cracks in the existing pavement are from 1/4 to 1 inch wide, treat the cracks under sectio n 37-6. Do not place the parking area seals until the Engineer determines that the crack treatments are cured. If cracks in the existing pavement are greater than 1 inch wide, the Engineer orders the repair. This work is change order work. After any crack treatment and before placing parking area seals, clean the pavement surface, including removal of oil and grease spots. Do not use solvents. If cleaning the pavement with detergents, thoroughly rinse with water. Allow all water to dry before placing parkin g area seals. You must seal oil and grease spots that remain after cleaning. Use an oil seal primer and comply with the manufacturer's instructions. If the existing pavement has oil and grease spots that do not come clean and sealing is insufficient, the Engineer orders the repair of the pavement. This work is change order work. SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Before placing the parking area seals, dampen the pavement surface using a distributor truck. Place the seal on the damp pavement but do not place it with standing water on the pave ment.

37-5.03C Placement

If adding water at the job site based on the manufacturer's instructions for consistency and spreadability, do not exceed 15 percent by volume of undiluted asphaltic emulsion. Place the parking area seals in 1 or more application. The seals must be uniform and smooth, free of ridges or uncoated areas. If placing in multiple applications, allow the last application to thoroughly dry before the subsequent application. Do not allow traffic on the parking area seals for at least 24 hours after placement. Do not stripe over the parking area seals until it is dry.

37-5.04 Payment

The payment quantity for parking area seal is the weight determined by combining the weights of the aggregate and asphaltic emulsion. The payment qu antity for parking area seal does not include the added water and set -control additive.

37-6 Crack Treatments

37-6.01 General

37-6.01A Summary

Section 37 -6 includes specifications for treating cracks in asphalt concrete pavement.

37-6.01B Definitions

Reserved

37-6.01C Submittals

If your selected crack treatment material is on the Authorized Material List for flexible pavement crack treatment material, submit a certificate of compliance including:

37-6.01D Quality Assurance

37-6.01D(1) General

Hot-applied cra ck treatment material must be sampled at least once per project in the Engineer's presence. Collect two 3 -pounds -minimum samples of crack treatment material from the dispensing wand into silicone release boxes. Cold-applied crack treatment material must be sampled at least once per project in the Engineer's presence. Collect 2 samples of crack treatment material from the dispensing wand into 1 -quart containers.

37-6.01D(2) Quality Control

Reserved

37-6.01D(3) Department Acceptance

Crack treatment acceptan ce is based on:

37-6.02 Materials

37-6.02A General

Reserved

37-6.02B Crack Treatment Material

A crack treatment material must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: SECTION 37 SEAL COATS Crack Treatment Material Quality characteristica Test methodb Requirement Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Softening point (min, °C) ASTM D36 102 96 90 84 84 Cone penetration at 77 °F (max) ASTM D5329 35 40 50 70 90 Resilience at 77 °F, unaged (%) ASTM D5329 20–60 25–65 30–70 35–75 40–80 Flexibility (°C)c ASTM D3111 0 0 0 -11 -28 Tensile adhesion (min, %) ASTM D5329 300 400 400 500 500 Specific gravity (max) ASTM D70 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 Asphalt compatibility ASTM D5329 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Sieve test (% passing) See note d 100 100 100 100 100 aCold-applied crack treatment material residue collected under ASTM D6943, Method B and sampled under ASTM D140 must comply with the grade specifications. bExcept for viscosity, cure each specimen at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 10 percent for 24 ± 2 hours before testing. cFor the flexibility test, the specimen size must be 6.4 ± 0.2 mm thick by 25 ± 0.2 mm wide by 150 ± 0.5 mm long. The te st mandrel diameter must be 6.4 ± 0.2 mm. The bend arc must be 180 degrees. The bend rate must be 2 ± 1 seconds. At least 4 of 5 test specimens must pass at the specified test temperature without fracture, crazing, or cracking. dFor hot -applied crack treat ment, dilute with toluene and sieve through a no. 8 sieve. For cold - applied crack treatment, sieve the material as -received through a no. 8 sieve. If the manufacturer provides a statement that added components passed the no. 16 sieve before blending, this requirement is void. A crack treatment material must be delivered to the job site with the information listed below. If crack treatment material is delivered to the job site in containers, each container must be marked with the following information.

37-6.02C Sand

Sand applied to tacky crack treatment material must be clean, free of clay, and comply with the gradation shown in the following table: Sand Gradation Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Gradation (% passing by weight) sieve size: No. 4 California 100 No. 50 Test 202 0–30 No. 200 0–5

37-6.03 Construction

Treat cracks from 1/4 to 1 inch in width for the entire length of the crack. Fill or repair cracks wider than 1 inch as ordered. Filling cracks wider than 1 inch is change order work.