80 FENCES
80-1 General
80-1.01 General
80-1.02 Materials
A temporary fence must comply with the plan details and specifications for a permanent fence of the same type except:
1.Used materials may be incorporated in the fence if the materials are good, sound, and suitable for the intended purpose
2.Materials may be commercial quality if the dimensions and sizes of the materials are equal to or greater than the dimensions and s izes shown or specified in section 80
3.Post must be either metal or wood
4.The Department does not require: 4.1. Galvanizing or painting of steel elements 4.2. Treating wood with a wood preservative 4.3. Concrete footings for metal posts For concrete f or a metal post or brace footing or for a deadma n, use:
1.Commercial -quality aggregates and cementitious material
2.At least 470 pounds of cementitious material per cubic yard A reinforcing bar must comply with ASTM A706/A706M.
80-1.03 Construction
Rem ove earth, trees, brush, and other obstructions that interfere with fence construction. Connect new fences to existing fences. Measure post spacing parallel to the ground slope. Place each post in a vertical position except where the Engineer orders you to set the post perpendicular to the ground surface. Place a corner post with a brace for each direction of strain at each junction with an existing fence. Fasten the wire in the new and existing fences to each post. If ordered at a structure, connect the ne w fence to the structure such that stock can pass freely through or under the structure; otherwise, install an end post and connect the fence to it. Crown each concrete footing to shed water. After constructing a fence, uniformly spread the surplus excavat ed material along the adjacent roadway where designated by the Engineer.
80-1.04 Payment
The payment quantity for fence is the length measured:
1.Parallel to the ground slope
2.Along the fence The payment quantity does not include the width of openings.
80-2 Barbed Wire and Wire Mesh Fences
80-2.01 General
80-2.01A Summary
Section 80 -2 includes specifications for constructing barbed wire and wire mesh fences .
80-2.01B Definitions
alignment angle: Change in a line where the angle of deflection is less than: SECTION 80 FENCES
1.5 degrees for a steel post barbed wire or wire mesh fence
2.15 degrees for a wood post barbed wire or wire mesh fence corner: Change in a line where the angle of deflection exceeds:
1.5 degrees for a steel post barbed wire or wire mesh fence
2.15 degrees for a wood post barbed wire or wire mesh fence fence, Type BW: Barbed wire fence consisting of 5 lines of barbed wire. fence, Type WM: Wire mesh fence consisting of wire mesh fabric and 3 lines of barbed wire.
80-2.01C Submittals
Reserved
80-2.01D Quality Assurance
Reserved
80-2.02 Materials
80-2.02A General
Reserved
80-2.02B Metal Posts and Braces
Line posts must comply with ASTM A702 except packaging of posts is not required. You ma y omit the anchor plate if the post is set in a concrete footing with a minimum cross -sectional dimension of 6 inches and a depth equal to the full penetration of the post. Each end, latch, pull, and corner post must have:
1.Minimum resisting section modulus of 0.32 cubic inch in any direction
2.Length of at least 7 feet
3.Weight of at least 3.1 lb/ft Each brace and brace post must have:
1.Length of at least 7 feet
2.Weight of at least 1.93 lb/ft
80-2.02C Wood Posts and Braces
80-2.02C(1) General
Each wood post and brace must be treated except where untreated wood is specified. Each wood line post to be driven must be machine pointed at the small end. Sweep must not exceed 0.08 foot in 6 feet.
80-2.02C(2) Untreated
Each untreated wood p ost and brace must be:
1.Redwood, cedar, Douglas fir, or Southern yellow pine
2.Straight and free from loose or unsound knots, shakes over 1/3 the post thickness, or other defects that would make it unfit structurally for the intended purpose Post knots must be sound, tight, well spaced, and not over 2 inches on any face. Each untreated wood line post and brace may be split material and must have:
1.Length of at least 7 feet
2.Perimeter of at least 16 inches
3.Each cross -sectional dimension of at leas t 4 inches SECTION 80 FENCES Each untreated wood end, corner, and brace post must be sawed or hewed and have:
1.Length of at least 8 feet
2.Nominal size of at least 6 by 6 inches
80-2.02C(3) Treated
Each treated wood post and brace must be:
1.Douglas fir, Hem -Fir, Southern yellow pine
2.Round or sawed rectangular
3.Free of heart center Each Douglas fir, Hem -Fir, and Southern yellow pine post and brace must be graded under section 57. Each sawed post and brace must be of the minimum grade and species show n in the following table: Grades and Species Nominal size Minimum grade Species Construction light framing Douglas fir 4 by 4 inch No. 1 structural light framing Hem -Fir No. 2 structural light framing Southern yellow pine Select structural posts and timbers no. 1 Douglas fir 6 by 6 inch Select structural posts and timbers Hem -Fir No. 1 timbers Southern yellow pine Each round post and brace must be free from:
1.Decay
2.Shakes over 1/3 the post diameter
3.Splits longer than the thickness or diameter of the post
4.Loose or unsound knots
5.Multiple crooks
6.Other defects that would weaken the post or brace or otherwise make it structurally unsuitable for the intended purpose Pressure treat each post and brace under section 57 and AWPA U1, Use Category UC4A, Commodity Specification A or B. Treat posts after pointing. Instead of the imprint specified in section 57, the treating plant may hammer stamp either end of a treated post and brace with the symbol or name of the company performing the treatment. For each round post and brace:
1.Peel to remove the outer bark and inner cambium bark except minimal strips of inner bark may remain if not over 1/2 inch wide or over 3 inches long
2.Trim knots flush with sides
3.Remove spurs and splinters
4.Cut ends square Each line post and brace must be 7 feet long. Any other post must be 8 feet long. Each length may be at most 1 inch shorter and 2 inches longer. The small end of each round line post and brace must have a cross -sectional dimension between 3 -1/2 and 5 inches. The small end of any other round post must have a cross -sectional dimension between 5 - 1/2 and 7 inches. The taper from end to end of each round post and brace must not exceed 1 -1/2 inches. SECTION 80 FENCES Each sawed rectangular l ine post must have a nominal size of at least 4 by 4 inches. Any other sawed rectangular post must have a nominal size of at least 6 by 6 inches.
80-2.02D Barbed Wire
Barbed wire must:
1.Comply with ASTM A121
2.Have 2 point barbs
3.Be one of the follow ing: 3.1. 12-1/2 gauge, Class 3 3.2. 13-1/2 gauge, Class 3 3.3. 14 gauge, Class 3 3.4. 15-1/2 gauge, Class 3 Vertical stays must:
1.Comply with ASTM A641
2.Be 12 -1/2 gauge
3.Have a Class 3 zinc coating
80-2.02E Wire Mesh
Wire mesh must:
1.Comply wit h ASTM A116, Type Z, Grade 60, Class 1
2.Be 32 inches wide
3.Have 8 horizontal wires with vertical stays spaced 6 inches apart The top and bottom wires must be 10 gauge. The intermediate wires and vertical stays must be 12 -1/2 gauge.
80-2.02F Tension Wires, Hardware, and Grounding Materials
Tension wire must be 8 -gauge galvanized wire complying with ASTM A641. Galvanized bolts and nuts for attaching braces and straps to metal posts and galvanized devices for holding barbed wire and wire mesh in position must be commercial quality. Each staple used to fasten barbed wire and wire mesh fabric to wood posts must:
1.Comply with ASTM F1667
2.Be at least 1 -3/4 inches long
3.Be manufactured from 9 -gauge galvanized wire Wire ties used to fasten barbe d wire and wire mesh to metal posts must be at least 11 -gauge galvanized wire complying with ASTM F626. Clips and hog rings used for metal posts must be at least 9 -gauge galvanized wire complying with ASTM F626. Wire used to tie the lower line of barbed wi re to the top wire of wire mesh must be 12 -gauge galvanized wire. Each ground rod must:
1.Be galvanized or copper -coated steel
2.Be 8 feet long
3.Have a diameter of at least 1/2 inch Conductor must be no. 6 solid copper or equal.
80-2.02G Gateways
Fence materials and end post bracing must comply with the specifications and plans for the fence type in which the gateway is constructed. SECTION 80 FENCES Except for the length, end bars must comply with the line post specifications and plans. Vertical stays for gateways mus t be:
1.Pretwisted
2.9.5-gauge galvanized wire
3.Evenly spaced between end bars at 66 -inch maximum intervals Wire loops must be 6 -gauge galvanized wire. The chain for the latching device must be commercial -quality short -link steel coil chain. The latching bar for the latching device must be commercial -quality steel pipe. Bolts and nuts for attaching the chain to the end posts and latching bar must be commercial quality and galvanized.
80-2.03 Construction
Excavate high points that interfere with p lacing the fence fabric to the clearance shown. Brace adjacent line posts at alignment angles with diagonal tension wires unless impractical. If impractical, brace as specified for bracing corner posts. Set each metal diagonal brace and metal corner, end, latch, gate, and pull post in a concrete footing. You may drive metal line posts. Set solid each wood line post one of the following ways:
1.Drive it into place.
2.Install it firmly in a drilled hole of the same dimension as the post.
3.Install it in a drilled or dug hole larger than the dimension of the post, backfill around the post, and compact the backfill. Install each wood post that is not a line post in a drilled or dug hole larger than the dimension of the post, backfill around the post, and com pact the backfill. Install each round post in a drilled hole butt end down. Attach the wire mesh and barbed wire to each post. Securely fasten tension wires to wood posts. Make a single or double loop around each post at each attachment point and staple th e wire to the post. Use wire ties, hog rings, or wire clips to fasten the wires to the metal posts. Connect each wood brace to its adjacent post with a 3/8 -by-4-inch steel dowel. Twist the tension wires until the installation is rigid. Stretch barbed wire and wire mesh fabric and fasten to each wood or steel end, corner, or gate post. Apply tension according to the manufacturer 's instructions using a mechanical stretcher or other device designed for such use. If no tension is specified by the manufacturer, use 250 lb for the required tension. Evenly distribute the pull over the longitudinal wires in the wire mesh such that no more than 50 percent of the original depth of the tension curves is removed. Do not use a motorized vehicle, truck, or tractor to stretch the wire. Attach barbed wire and wire mesh fabric to the private -property side of posts. On curved alignments, place the wire mesh and barbed wire on the face of the post against which the normal pull of the wire mesh and wire will be exerted. Terminat e the wire mesh and barbed wire at each end, corner, pull, and gate post in the new fence line. Attach wire mesh and barbed wire to each wood or steel end, corner, pull, or gate post by wrapping each horizontal strand around the post and tying it back on i tself with at least 4 tightly -wound wraps. At line posts, fasten the wire mesh to the post at the top and bottom and at intermediate points not exceeding 10 inches apart. Fasten each line of barbed wire to each line post. Use wire ties or clips to fasten t he wires to metal posts under the post manufacturer 's instructions. Drive staples crosswise with the grain of the wood and pointed slightly downward. Drive staples just short of actual contact with the SECTION 80 FENCES wires to allow free longitudinal movement of those wir es and to prevent damage to the wire 's protective coating. Secure all wires to posts to maintain horizontal alignment. Two splices per 50 feet of fence in barbed wire and wire mesh are allowed . Use commercially -available galvanized mechanical wire splices or a wire splice created by tying off wire. Install mechanical wire splices with a tool designed for that purpose under the manufacturer's instructions. Tie off the wire as follows:
1.Carry the ends of each wire 3 inches past the tied -off knot location an d wrap them around the wire for at least 6 turns in opposite directions.
2.Remove the splice tool and close the space by pulling the end of the wires together.
3.Cut the unused ends of the wire close and neat. Fence fabric and fence wires of fences usin g wood line posts must be grounded. Ground by substituting a metal fence post for a wood post at intervals of at most 500 feet with at least 1 metal post in any length of fence over 200 feet between openings. With wire, tightly fasten each line of barbed w ire and alternate longitudinal wires of the fence to the metal post. Where an electric transmission, distribution, or secondary line crosses a wood -post fence, ground the fence with a ground rod installed directly below the crossing point. Drive the rod ve rtically until the top is 6 inches below the ground surface. Connect the ground rod to the fence with a conductor. The connections must be either brazed or fastened with authorized noncorrosive clamps. Where a power line runs parallel or nearly parallel to and within 100 feet of the wood post fence, ground the fence with a ground rod at each end post or at intervals of at most 1,500 feet. If you cannot reach the specified vertical ground rod penetration, install an authorized equivalent grounding system. After you attach fencing to untreated wood posts, cut off any long post that makes the fence look nonuniform.
80-2.04 Payment
Not Used
80-3 Chain Link Fences
80-3.01 General
80-3.01A Summary
Section 80 -3 includes specifications for constructing chain link fences .
80-3.01B Definitions
corner: Change in a line where the angle of deflection exceeds 30 degrees. diamond count: Number of mesh openings in each height of chain li nk fence. fence, Type CL: Chain link fence. Type CL is followed by a number representing the width in feet of the fence fabric. The number is shown in the bid item description. fence, Type CL, slatted: Chain link fence with wood or plastic slats inserted v ertically in the chain link fabric. posts and braces: Framework that supports the metal fabric for chain link fence. Posts and braces include round and roll -formed cross sections used as line, end, latch, or corner posts and braces.
80-3.01C Submittals
If you use the protective coating system specified in section 80 -3.02B, submit a certificate of compliance for the system. Submit a certificate of compliance for posts and braces that includes the information specified in ASTM F1043, section 9 , "Quality Cont rol Provisions ." SECTION 80 FENCES
80-3.01D Quality Assurance
Reserved
80-3.02 Materials
80-3.02A General
Galvanize or coat ferrous materials. Do not use materials imperfectly galvanized or coated or with serious abrasions. For barbed wire on a chain link fence, comply with section 80-2.02D.
80-3.02B Posts and Braces
The base metal for posts and braces must be commercial -quality, weldable steel complying with AASHTO M 181, Type 1, except for the protective coating requiremen ts. Posts and braces must comply with the strength requirements in ASTM F1043 for one of the following:
1.Group IA, regular grade, for round pipes
2.Group IC, 50,000 psi yield, for round pipes
3.Group II -L for roll -formed posts and braces Group IC, 50,000 psi yield, for round steel pipes may be used instead of group IA, regular grade steel round pipes of the same diameter. Galvanize posts and braces under section 75 -1.02B except, instead of galvanizing, tubular posts and braces may have a protective coating system complying with the following:
1.Exterior surfaces of tubular posts and braces must have a combination coating consisting of hot -dip galvanized primer followed by a chromate conversion coating and then a finish coat of clear, cross - linked or ganic coating. For this combination coating: 1.1. Thickness of the zinc coating must be at least 0.9 mil as determined from the average results of at least 2 samples and at least 0.8 mil on an individual sample 1.2. Chromate conversion coating must be at l east 15 μg/sq in 1.3. Total thickness of the combination co ating must be at least 1.7 mils 1.4. Exterior clear -coated surface of the pipe must have demonstrated the ability to resist 1,000 hours of exposure to salt fog with a maximum of 5 percent red r ust when tested under ASTM B117 1.5. Clear finish coat must not have any film cracking after 500 hours of exposure in an artificial weathering device under one of the following: 1.5.1. ASTM G152, cycles 1, or 3 Carbon A rc artificial weathering device 1.5.2. ASTM G155, cycles 1, or 2 Xenon A rc artificial weathering device 1.6. Clear finish coat must not have blistering or cracking after 500 hours of exposure to 100 percent rel ative humidity under ASTM D2247
2.Interior surfaces must have a zinc coating or a cros s-linked organic coating containing a corrosion inhibitor. For these coatings: 2.1. Coating thi ckness must be at least 0.3 mil 2.2. Interior coated surface must have demonstrated the ability to resist 300 hours of exposure to salt fog with a maximum of 5 p ercent red r ust when tested under ASTM B117 Obtain authorization of the protective coating system before you use it. Any change to the protective coating system is a new system that requires authorization. Each post length must be at least the depth of th e concrete footing plus the height of the fabric less 4 inches. The length does not include any top fixture or other top tension wire support integral with the post. Each post must have provisions to securely hold the top tension wire in position and allow for post removal and replacement without damaging the wire. Fit each tubular post with a rainproof top. Post tops, extension arms, stretcher bars, and other fittings and hardware must be:
1.Steel or malleable or wrought iron
2.Galvanized after fabricati on under section 75 -1.02B SECTION 80 FENCES
80-3.02C Fabric
Chain link fabric must comply with AASHTO M181 for Type I fabric with a Class C coating or ASTM F1345, Class 2, unless vinyl -clad fabric is described in the fence bid item; in which case, the fabric must comply with AASHTO M181 for Type IV fabric with a medium or dark green Class A coating. The wire for the fabric must be:
1.11 gauge for a fence 84 inches or less in height
2.9 gauge for a fence over 84 inches in height and for a slatted chain link fence Chain link fabric for nonslatted fence must have the diamond count corresponding to the fabric height shown in the following table: Diamond Counts Fabric height (in ch) 36 42 48 60 72 84 96 Diamond count 10-1/2 12-1/2 13-1/2 17-1/2 20-1/2 24-1/2 27-1/2 Chain link fabric f or slatted fence must have 3 -1/2-inch-vertical and 5 -inch-horizontal mesh. Knuckle finish fabric on the top and bottom edges.
80-3.02D Tension Wires, Hog Rings, Turnbuckles, Truss Tighteners, Truss Rods, and Stretcher
Bars and Bar Bands Tension wire must be commercial -quality 7 -gauge coil spring steel. Tie wires and hog rings must be at least 9 -gauge steel. Post clips must be at least 6 -gauge steel. Galvanize tension and tie wires, hog rings, and post clips under ASTM A116, coating Class 3. Turnbuckles and truss tighteners must be:
1.Commercial -quality steel, malleable iron, or wrought iron
2.Galvanized under section 75-1.02B
3.Equal in tensile strength to the truss rod Truss tighteners must have a strap thickness of at l east 1/4 inch. Each truss rod must be steel and have a diameter of at least 3/8 inch. Each stretcher bar must be at least 1/4 by 3/4 inch. Each stretcher bar band must be at least 1/8 by 3/4 inch.
80-3.02E Slats
Slats must be wood or plastic. Wood slats m ust be one of the following:
1.Clear redwood
2.Medium -weight wood produced from the species Shorea (Meranti) Each wood slat must have:
1.Thickness of at least 1/4 inch
2.Width about 2 -5/8 inch
3.Length enough to fill the vertical openings of the fabr ic Each plastic slat must:
1.Be a HDPE with UV inhibitors SECTION 80 FENCES
2.Have a flat tubular cross section with: 2.1. Wall thickness of about 0.03 inch 2.2. Depth of about 0.325 inch 2.3. Width of about 2.38 inches 2.4. Length equal to the fence height The plastic slat material must comply with the requirements shown in the following table: Plastic Slat Material Requirements Quality characteristic Test method Requirement Melt index ASTM D1238 0.24 Density ASTM D1505 0.951 Low temperature brittleness (°F) ASTM D746 -76 Tensile strength (psi) ASTM D638 3,700
80-3.03 Construction
Brace each end, latch, and corner post to the nearest line post with either of the following:
1.Diagonal brace used as a compression member
2.Horizontal brace used as a compression member and truss rods used as tension members Brace each gate post to the nearest line post with a horizontal brace used as a compression member and truss rods used as tension members. Equip each steel truss rod with a turnbuckle or truss tightener. Brace line posts horizontally and truss in both directions at intervals of at most 1,000 feet unless the fabric is installed by stretching with equipment. Fasten chain link fabric on the side of the posts designated by the Engineer. Stretch and securely fasten the fabric to the posts. Fasten the top and bottom edges of the fabric to the tension wires. Stretch the tension wires tight. Install the bottom tension wire on a straight grade between posts by excavating high points of the ground. Do not fill in low points. Fasten the fabric to end, latch, corner, and gate posts with stretcher bars and stretcher bar bands at 1 - foot intervals except the fabric may be fastened to end and corner posts by threading through loops formed o n the posts. Fasten the fabric to line posts with tie wires or post clips and to tension wires with tie wires or hog rings. Space the fasteners at about 14 inches on line posts and about 18 inches on tension wires. Give wire ties at least 1 complete turn. Close each hog ring with the ends overlapping. Wrap tension wires around terminal posts. The top of the fabric to the top tension wire must be at most 2 inches. If supporting arms for barbed wire ar e shown, extend each arm upward from the top of the fence at an angle of about 45 degrees. Fit it with clips or other means for attaching 3 lines of barbed wire. Attach the top outside wire to the supporting arm at a point about 12 inches above the top of the chain link fabric and 12 inches out from the fence lin e. Attach the other wires to the arm spaced evenly between the top of the fence and the top outside wire. For a chain link fence with slats, install slats vertically in the mesh openings such that the slats fit snugly. Fasten them in a way that prevents ea sy removal or displacement.
80-3.04 Payment
Not Used 4 SECTION 80 FENCES
80-4 Wildlife Exclusion Fences
80-4.01 General
80-4.01A General
Section 80 -4.01 includes general specifications for constructing wildlife exclusion fences . Constructing a wildlife exclusion fence includes the installation of any signs specified in the special provisions.
80-4.01B Materials
Each T post must :
1.Comply with ASTM A702
2.Be metal and have an anchor plate
3.Be painted black or galvanized
80-4.01C Construction
Not Used
80-4.01D Payment
Not Used
80-4.02 Desert Tortoise Fences
80-4.02A General
Section 80 -4.02 includes specifications for constructing desert tortoise fences .
80-4.02B Materials
80-4.02B(1) General
Reserved
80-4.02B(2) Permanent Desert Tortoise Fences
80-4.02B(2)(a) General
Each wire tie and hog ring for a permanent desert tortoise fence must comply with section 80-2.02F. Each hold down pin must:
1.Be U -shaped, with 2 minimum 6 -inch-long legs
2.Have pointed ends
3.Be at least 11 -gauge wire Be galvanized
5.Be commercial quality
80-4.02B(2)(b) Hardware Cloth
The h ardware cloth must:
1.Comply with ASTM A1064 and have a Class 1 zinc coating complying with ASTM A641
2.Be welded or woven galvanized steel wire fabric
3.Be made of at least 16-gauge wire
4.Be 36 inches wide
80-4.02B(2)(c) Barbless Wire
The b arbless wire must:
1.Comply with ASTM A641 /A641M
2.Be at least 14 -gauge wire
3.Have a Class 1 zinc coating
80-4.02B(2)(d) Posts
Each post must: SECTION 80 FENCES
1.Comply with ASTM F1083
2.Be stan dard weight, schedule 40 steel pipe with a nominal pipe size of 1 inch
3.Be galvanized steel fence post conforming to ASTM A702
80-4.02B(3) Temporary Desert Tortoise Fences
The materials for a temporary desert tortoise fence must comply with section 80 -4.02B( 2).
80-4.02C Construction
80-4.02C(1) General
Extend the hardware cloth a minimum of 24 inches above the ground. Plumb t he posts and pull the hardware cloth taut . Correct any alignment issues.
80-4.02C(2) Permanent Desert Tortoise Fences
Excavate the ground to form a trench before installing the posts and hardware cloth. Embed the posts at maximum 10 -foot intervals into the ground . If T posts are used, use 5 -foot lengths and embed the posts to match the above -ground height shown for the posts. Securely f asten the hardware cloth to the posts with wire ties and to barbless wire with hog rings as shown . Pass the wire ties through the hardware cloth. Encircle the posts and barbless wire with the ties and tie them by twis ting a minimum of 3 complete turns. Bend the twisted ends of the ties down to prevent possible snagging. Close hog rings with their ends overlapping. Bury the hardware cloth a minimum of 12 inches into the ground. Install the cloth in 1 continuous piece. You may cut the cloth into shorter segments if authorized. Overlap the h ardware cloth segment s at posts, with a minimum overlap of 6 inches centered at a post . Wire tie the overlapped cloth to posts as shown. Prevent fraying by threading barbless wire along the vertical edges of the hardware cloth on either side of the post or use 3 e qually spaced hog rings (6 hog rings per location) along each wire cloth edge. Where bedrock or caliche substrate is encountered, use the bent hardware cloth detail if authorized. Transitions from buried -to-bent or bent -to-buried configuration must occur at a post location with a minimum 6 -inch overlap of the hardware cloth as shown . The m aximum spacing for hold down pins is 24 inches on ce nter. Anchor in place with hold down pins the beginning and end corners of the hardware cloth placed on the ground. Backfill the removed earth material into the trench created to install the hardware cloth and posts. Use an 8 lb or heavier hand tamper to compact the backfill a round the posts and hardware cloth. Install a post at each corner of the cloth segments . If a gate must be installed, attach the hardware cloth to the gate frame such that there is contact along the entire length of the gate between the finished ground sur face and the lower edge of the cloth . Install the gate under section 80 -10.
80-4.02C(3) Temporary Desert Tortoise Fences
Fold the horizontal edge of the hardware cloth at a 90 degree angle toward the tortoise habitat area . Ensure the clearance to the ground at the bend is from 0 to 2 inches. Where the hardware cloth overlaps, secure the bend piece with one of the following :
1.Barbless wir e threaded along the width of the cloth
2.Minimum of 4 hog ring s equally spaced along the edge Fasten the bent pi ece to the ground with hold down pins pushed completely into the ground. When the temporary fence is no longer needed, compact soil into post holes with an 8 lb or heavier hand tamper. SECTION 80 FENCES
80-4.02D Payment
Not Used
80-4.03 80-4.09 Reserved
80-5 80-9 Reserve D
80-10 Gates
80-10.01 General
80-10.01A Summary
Section 80 -10 includes specifications for constructing gates in fences . Constructing a gate in an existing fence includes removal of the fence.
80-10.01B Definitions
gate unit for a barbed wire or wire mesh fence: 1 gate with fittings, hardware, and gate posts with braces. gate unit for a chain link fence: 1 gate with fittings, hardware, and gate and latch posts with braces.
80-10.01C Submittals
Reserved
80-10.01D Quality Assurance
Reserved
80-10.02 Materials
Each drive gate for a cha in link fence must be the width shown in the bid item description. Each drive gate for a barbed wire or wire mesh fence must be at least 48 inches and at most 58 inches high. Each walk gate mu st be 4 feet wide. A gate greater than 8 feet in width must have vertical stays such that n o panel exceeds 8 feet in width . A gate frame must be made with pipe at least 1 -1/2 inch in diameter. Interior vertical stays must be made with pipe at least 1 inch in diameter. Pipe must comply with the specifications for posts and braces in section 80 -3.02B. Each gate frame panel must be cross trussed with adjustable truss rods at least 3/8 inch in diameter. Fasten and reinforce each corner of a gate frame with a ma lleable iron or pressed steel fitting or by welding. Each pressed steel fitting must:
1.Have a nominal thickness before galvanizing of at least 0.135 inch
2.Be fastened to develop the strength of connected members Welds must be smooth and develop the st rength of the connected member. Galvanize fittings, latches, rods, and other gate hardware under section 75 -1.02B. Fabric for gates in a barbed wire or wire mesh fence must comply with the specifications for nonslatted chain link fence in section 80 -3. Fabric for gates in chain link fences must comply with the specifications for the fabric for the fence in which the gate is installed. Attach chain link fence fabric to the gate frame using stretcher bars and tie wires as specified for fence construction. Spa ce tension connectors at 1 -foot intervals. SECTION 80 FENCES For a chain link walk gate installed in an existing fence, the gate mounting hardware must not contain open -end slots for the fastening bolts. Each gate must have a combination steel or malleable iron catch and lo cking attachment that does not rotate around the latch post.
80-10.03 Construction
Hang each gate with at least 2 steel or malleable iron hinges at least 3 inches in width such that the gate is securely clamped to the gate post and permits the gate to be swung back against the fence. The bottom hinge must have a socket to take the ball end of the gate frame. Construct a center rest with a catch and stops to hold gates open. For a walk gate constructed in an existing fence, remove a line post and install th e gate such that the gate is centered on the hole of the removed post. When not working on the walk gate, close the opening made in the existing fence with existing fence fabric or 6 -foot chain link fabric.
80-10.04 Payment
The gate payment quantity is the quantity of gate units.
80-11 80-14 Reserved
80-15 Existing Fences
80-15.01 General
80-15.01A General
Section 80-15.01 includes general specifications for performing work on existing fences .
80-15.01B Materials
Not Used
80-15.01C Construction
Not Used
80-15.01D Payment
The bid items for work performed on existing fences and gates are measured as specified for the construction of new fences and gates.
80-15.02 Reconstruct Fences
80-15.02A General
80-15.02B Materials
Not Used
80-15.02C Construction
Prevent livestock from escaping during fence reconstruction. At the junction of the reconstructed fence and cross fence, place corner posts with braces and join the fences. Install gates to be reused at the locations designated by the Engineer. If the amount of fence to be disassembled exceeds the amount needed for reconstruction, dispose of the excess fencing.
80-15.02D Payment
Not Used
80-15.03 Salvage Fences
80-15.03A General
SECTION 80 FENCES
80-15.03B Materials
Not Used
80-15.03C Construction
Package salvaged chain link fabric in 50 -feet segments per pallet. Group salvaged end and corner posts in 1 assembly per bundle.
80-15.03D Payment
Not Used
80-15.04 80-15.08 Reserved
80-16 80-20 Reserved
Source: California Standard Specifications, 2024 Edition. Pages 1111–1124 of 1,372.