82 SIGNS AND MARKERS
82-1 General
82-1.01 General
Section 82 -1 includes general specifications for fabricating and installing sign panels and markers and constructing roadside signs . Signs and markers must comply with the California MUTCD , California Sign Specifications , and the FHWA publication Standard Highway Signs and Markings . For the California Sign Specificati ons, go to the Department's Traffic Operations website.
82-1.02 Materials
Not Used
82-1.03 Construction
Not Used
82-1.04 Payment
Not Used
82-2 Sign Panels
82-2.01 General
82-2.01A Summary
Furnishing sign panels includes fabricating and installing sign panels.
82-2.01B Definitions
background: Dominant sign color. legend: Letters, numerals, tildes, bars, arrows, route shields, symbols, logos, borders, artwork, and miscellaneous characters that are intended to convey specific meanings on traffic signs.
82-2.01C Submittals
Submit a certificate of compliance for:
1.Aluminum sheeting
2.Retroreflective sheeting
3.Color i maging methods and film
4.Protective -overlay film Upon request, submit test samples of sign panels and materials at various stages of production. The samples must be at least 12 by 12 inches and include the background material and legend. At least 15 day s before starting sign fabrication, submit at least 3 copies of your QC plan for sign panels. The QC plan must include:
1.Contact information for the person responsible for sign QC
2.Acceptance criteria for incoming raw materials at the fabrication plant
3.Type, method, and frequency of QC testing at the fabrication plant
4.Types and brand names of retroreflective sheeting
5.List of the retroreflective sheeting manufacturer's approved process colors, protective overlay film, and black nonreflective fil m, including the manufacturer's name and product name for each item
6.Manufacturer's installation and splicing instructions for the retroreflective sheeting
7.Manufacturer's instructions for cleaning each product
8.Method of packaging, transporting, and storing signs SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS
82-2.01D Quality Assurance
The Department may inspect signs at the fabrication plant or the job site. The Department rejects formed panel signs with holes that are slanted or incorrectly spaced. The Engineer will reject da maged signs, defective signs, and signs with spelling errors before or after installation. The Department reject s a laminated panel if a 0.010 -inch-thick by 1/2 -inch-wide feeler gauge can be inserted to a depth of more than 1/2 inch between the extruded al uminum frame and the aluminum sheeting. If instrumental testing under ASTM D4956 is disputed, the Engineer's visual inspection will determine the color of the retroreflective sheeting, screened process colors, and film.
82-2.02 Materials
82-2.02A General
A sign panel must be produced at a fabrication plant. The sign must be imprinted with the following information:
1.Phrase Property of the State of California
2.Sign fabricator's name
3.Month and year of fabrication
4.Type of retroreflective sheeting
5.Sheeting manufacturer's identification and lot number for the retroreflective sheeting The sign information must:
1.Be imprinted in 1/4 -inch upper -case letters and numerals on the back, lower right of each sign panel such that it will not be blocked by a sign post or mounting frame
2.Be imprinted at the fabrication plant by die -stamping on aluminum panels or by an equivalent method for fiberglass -reinforced plastic signs, such as affixing a die -stamped aluminum tag
3.Not be painted, screened, inked, o r engraved
4.Be imprinted such that it does not damage the face of the sign For a sign composed of multiple panels, the legend must be placed across joints such that it does not affect the size, shape, spacing, and appearance of the legend on the assembl ed sign. For a formed panel sign, the retroreflective sheeting for the background and legend must be wrapped around the interior vertical edges of each panel. A sign with a protective -overlay film must be marked at the fabrication plant with a 3/8 -inch-diameter dot. The dot must be placed on the lower border of the sign before applying the protective -overlay film. The fabricator determines the application method and exact location of the dot except the dot must not be placed on the legend or near bolt holes . The dot must be black if placed on a white border and white if placed on a black border. The exposed portion of the mounting hardware on the sign face, including rivets used to attach sheeting to framing members, must have a factory -or field -applied fin ish that closely matches the color of the background and legend of the sign face. The face of a fabricated sign must be uniform, flat, smooth, and free from defects, scratches, chips, wrinkles, gel, hard spots, streaks, extrusion marks, and air bubbles. Th e front, back, and edges of sign panels must not have bends, router chatter marks, burns, sharp edges, loose rivets, delaminated skins, excessive adhesive over -spray, or aluminum marks. Protect, transport, and store sign panels fabricated with screened -process colors under the retroreflective sheeting manufacturer's instructions. Transport sign panels such that the faces of the panels are protected from damage and weather. Ship panels on pallets, in crates, or in tier racks. Ship panels vertical ly on edge, not stacked horizontally. Place padding and protective materials between the panels as necessary. Keep panels dry during transit. Do not store sign panels directly on the ground. Keep sign panels dry at all times and store the panels: SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS
1.In a d ry environment
2.On edge vertically whether indoors or outdoors
3.In enclosed, climate -controlled trailers or containers in areas of high heat and humidity
4.Indoors whenever the panels will be stored more than 30 days
82-2.02B Aluminum Sheeting
A sig n panel must be fabricated from aluminum sheeting of an alloy and temper complying with ASTM B209. The aluminum sheeting must be pretreated for corrosion resistance as specified in ASTM B449. The surface of the sheeting must be cleaned, deoxidized, and coa ted with a light, tightly -adherent chromate conversion coating free from powdery residue. The conversion coating must be Class 2 with a weight from 10 to 35 mg/sq ft and an average weight of 25 mg/sq ft. After the cleaning and coating process, the aluminum sheeting must be protected from exposure to grease, oils, dust, and contaminants. The aluminum sheeting must be free from buckles, warps, dents, cockles, burrs, and other defects resulting from fabrication. The base plate for standard route markers must b e die cut.
82-2.02C Retroreflective Sheeting
Retroreflective sheeting used for the background and legend must comply with ASTM D4956 -13 and must be on the Authorized Material List for signing and delineation materials. Retroreflective sheeting must be Typ e XI, except for white background signs, it must be Type VIII or IX. Warning sign plaques and panels must be retroreflective fluorescent orange or fluorescent yellow background. Type VIII, IX, and XI retroreflective sheeting must have Class 1, 3, or 4 adhe sive backing. Adhesive backing must be pressure sensitive and fungus resistant. Retroreflective sheeting must be applied to sign panels at the fabrication plant under the retroreflective sheeting manufacturer's instructions without appreciable stretching, tearing, or other damage. Orientation of the legend must comply with the retroreflective sheeting manufacturer's instructions. Retroreflective sheeting on a sign panel with a minor dimension of 48 inches or less must be a single, contiguous sheet without s plices except for the splices produced during the manufacture of the retroreflective sheeting. Sign panel with a minor dimension greater than 48 inches may have 1 horizontal splice in the retroreflective sheeting other than the splices produced during the manufacture of the retroreflective sheeting. Unless the retroreflective sheeting manufacturer's instructions require a different method, splices in the retroreflective sheeting must overlap by at least 1 inch. The retroreflective sheeting on either side of a splice must not exhibit a color difference under incident and reflected light.
82-2.02D Color Imaging Methods and Film
The material used for color imaging methods, film, and protective -overlay must be recommended by the retroreflective sheeting manufac turer. Colored retroreflective sheeting must be used for the background. Signs with green, red, blue, or brown backgrounds may use reverse -screened -process color on white retroreflective sheeting for the background color. The coefficient of retroreflection must be at least 70 percent of the coefficient of retroreflection specified in ASTM D4956 for the corresponding color of retroreflective sheeting. The sign must have outdoor weatherability characteristics equivalent to those specified for the correspondin g color of retroreflective sheeting in ASTM D4956.
82-2.02E Single -Sheet Aluminum Panels
The aluminum sheeting for framed and unframed panels must be aluminum alloy 6061 -T6 or 5052 -H38. SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS A single -sheet aluminum panel must not have a vertical splice in the aluminum sheeting. A panel with a depth greater than 48 inches may have 1 horizontal splice in the sheeting. For a framed panel, the framing members must be aluminum channel or rectangular aluminum tubing. The lengths of the framing members must be wit hin ±1/8 inch of the lengths shown . Aluminum channels or rectangular aluminum tubing must be welded together using the inert gas -shielded arc welding process and E4043 aluminum -electrode filler wires. The filler diameter must be equal to the wall thickness of the smallest welded channel or tubing. The aluminum sheeting must be attached to the frame with 3/16 -inch-diameter rivets. The rivets must be placed at least 1/2 inch from the web channel edges. The rivets must be made of aluminum alloy 5052 and be ano dized or treated with a conversion coating to prevent corrosion. A fabricated single -sheet, aluminum panel must be within ±1/8 inch of the dimensions shown. The panel must be flat to within ±1/32 in/ft of the panel dimensions as measured by a straightedge placed in any direction across the plane of the panel .
82-2.02F Fiberglass -Reinforced Plastic Panels
A fiberglass -reinforced plastic panel must:
1.Be on the Authorized Material List for signing and delineation materials
2.Comply with ASTM D3841
3.Be we ather -resistant, Grade II, thermoset polyester laminate The plastic must:
1.Be acrylic modified and UV stabilized for outdoor weatherability.
2.Contain additives designed to suppress fire ignition and flame propagation. When tested under ASTM D635, the extent of burning must not exceed 1 inch.
3.Be stabilized to prevent the release of solvents and monomers. The front and back surfaces of the laminate must be clean and free from contaminates and releasing agents that could interfere with the bonding of t he retroreflective sheeting. The color of the panel must be uniform gray, Munsell color notation N7.5 to N8.5 as specified in ASTM D1535. The panel must be cut from a single piece of laminate. Mounting bolt holes must be predrilled. Predrilled bolt holes, panel edges, and the front and back surfaces of the panel must be true and smooth. The panel surface must not have visible cracks, pinholes, foreign inclusions, warping, and wrinkles that might affect performance. The panel must be:
1.At least 0.135 inch thick
2.Flat to within ±1/32 in/ft of the panel dimensions as measured by a straightedge placed in any direction across the plane of the panel
3.Within ±1/8 inch of the dimensions shown
82-2.02G Laminated Panels
82-2.02G(1) General
A laminated panel must have a honeycomb core and extruded aluminum frame laminated between 2 sheets of aluminum to produce a flat, rigid panel. The face sheet must be a single contiguous sheet of 0.063 -inch-thick aluminum sheeting, alloy 6061 -T6 or 5052 -H32. The back sheet must be a single, contiguous sheet of 0.040 -inch-thick aluminum sheeting, alloy 3003 -H14. The core material must be 0.26 lb/sq ft phenolic -impregnated kraft paper that:
1.Is impregnated with 18 percent phenolic resin
2.Has 1/2-inch honeycomb cell size SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS
3.Is fungus resistant under MIL -STD-401B The adhesive used to laminate the face and back sheets to the honeycomb core and extruded aluminum frame must produce a bond that is strong, permanent, and resistant to oil and water. The pa nel must withstand a wind load of 33 lb/sq ft with a bending safety factor of 1.25 when tested for the simple span lengths shown in the following table: Panel type Nominal panel thickness Simple span length A 1 inch 9'-0" B 1 inch 9'-0" 2-1/2 inches 14'-6" H 2-1/2 inches 14'-6" The tensile strength of the panel must be at least 40 lb/sq in when tested under ASTM C297 and C481, Cycle B, after aging. Instead of spraying with hot water, the specimen must be immersed in water at 160 degree s F. An individual laminated panel must not exceed 24 feet in length and 5 feet in depth. An individual panel must be fabricated as a single unit without horizontal and vertical joints, splices, or seams. Use 2 panels for signs exceeding 5 feet in depth. Yo u may use 3 panels to avoid placing the legend over a horizontal joint if authorized. Welds are not required on the side of the framing members where the face and back sheets will be placed. After lamination , 3/16 -inch-diameter rivets must be placed at each corner of the perimeter frame through the face and back sheets. The rivets must be made of aluminum alloy 5052 and be anodized or treated with a conversion coating. Sealant must be placed at the corners of the perimeter frame to prevent water intrusio n. The face of a fabricated panel must be flat to within ±3/32 in/ft of the panel dimensions as measured by a straightedge placed in any direction across the plane of the panel. Wherever the panels adjoin, the gap between the adjoining edges must not devia te by more than 1/32 inch from a straightedge placed from corner to corner. Nonadjoining edges must not deviate by more than 1/8 inch from a straightedge placed from corner to corner. The face and back sheets must be flush with the perimeter frame. All pan el edges must be smooth . A panel must be from −1/2 to +1/8 inch of the dimensions shown. The difference in the length between adjoining panels of multiple -panel signs must not be greater than 1/2 inch.
82-2.02G(2) Roadside Laminated Panels
A laminated pan el for a roadside sign must be Type B or Type H. For a Type B panel :
1.Channel edges must be welded together to form the perimeter frame
2.Vertical tube spacers must be welded to the frame For a Type H panel :
1.Channel edges must be screwed to the tube channel edges with self -tapping hex head stainless steel screws to form the perimeter frame.
2.Centerline panel tube must be welded to the perimeter frame along the horizontal centerline of the panel. The centerline panel tube must be a single, contiguou s extrusion without joints.
3.Vertical tube spacers must be welded to the perimeter frame and to the centerline panel tube. SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS
82-2.02G(3) Overhead Laminated Panels
A laminated panel for an overhead sign must be Type A. An individual panel must not exceed 24 feet in length or 5 feet in depth. If a panel length is not shown for a sign exceeding 24 feet in length, the Engineer determines the length. The channel edges must be screwed to the modified H sections with self -tapping hex head stainless steel screws to form the perimeter frame. Aluminum mounting clamps for A -1 hardware must be cast aluminum alloy with a tensile strength of at least 25 kips/sq in. The installed bolt torque must not exceed 100 in -lb.
82-2.02H Formed Panels
A formed panel must be fabric ated from a single, contiguous sheet of 0.063 -inch-thick aluminum sheeting, alloy 5052 -H32. Aluminum sheeting must be attached to struts with 3/16 -inch-diameter anodized aluminum rivets. The rivets must be placed through the sign face at the spacing shown after applying the background material and legend. The f ormed edges must be square. The d rilled mounting holes must be straight and perpendicular to the front and back surfaces of the formed edges. A fabricated formed -panel sign must be within ±1/16 inch o f the dimensions shown and flat to within ±1/8 in/ft of the panel dimensions in any direction as measured by a straightedge placed in any direction across the plane of the panel .
82-2.03 Construction
82-2.03A General
Deliver sign panels to the job site with the background and legend permanently affixed to the panels. Do not chip or bend sign panels. Immediately replace sign panels exhibiting damage or flaws, including a significant color difference between daytime and nighttime. Obtain authorization before repairing sign panels at the job site. Use the following hardware to mount the type of sign panel shown:
1.Lag screws, nuts, bolts, and washers for roadside signs
2.Braces and wood block spacers for roadside signs
3.Type A -1 and Type A -2 mountin g hardware for overhead laminated -panel signs
4.Type A -3 mounting hardware for overhead formed -panel signs
82-2.03B Laminated Panels
For laminated multiple -panel signs, place an H -section closure extrusion in the top channel of the lower panel before mo unting the upper panel. When mounted, the bottom channel of the adjoining upper panel must fit together to enclose the H -section closure extrusion for the full length of the panel without gaps.
82-2.04 Payment
The payment quantity for furnishing any type of sign panel is the area determined from the dimensions shown.
82-3 Roadside Signs
82-3.01 General
82-3.01A Summary
Roadside signs include ground -mounted signs and Type N (CA), Type P (CA), and Type R (CA) marker panels .. SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS
82-3.01B Definitions
ground-mounted sign: Roadside sign or signs with a wide -flange metal post. roadside sign: Traffic sign with 1 or more sign panels attached to a supporting structure consisting of 1 or 2 posts, a signal standard, or a lighting standard.
82-3.01C Submittals
Reserved
82-3.01D Quality Assurance
When delivered to the job site, treated posts must :
1.Comply with the specified grading requirements
2.Be dry
3.Have no visual evidence of preservative on the surface
82-3.02 Materials
82-3.02A General
A roadside sign includes sign panels, fastening hardware, back braces, straps and saddle brackets, and frame assemblies for multiple sign panels.
82-3.02B Metal Posts
A mounting for a roadside sign to be installed on a barrier or railing must be fabricated from (1) welded or seamless steel pi pe complying with ASTM A53/A53M, Grade B, and (2) structural steel complying with ASTM A36/A36M. Bolted connections must comply with section 56 -2.02D. Concrete anchorage devices must comply with section 75 -3. After fabrication, all metal parts for mounting a roadside sign must be galvanized under section 75 -1.02B. Wide-flange metal post s must be fabricated from structural steel complying with ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts, bolts, and washers for the breakaway connections of a wide-flange steel post must comply with A STM A325. Perforated square steel tube posts and square steel anchor sleeves must :
1.Be fabricate d from galvanized hot rolled steel complying with ASTM 1011 Grade 50 and galvanized under ASTM 653 G -90
2.Have a minimum 60 ksi yield strength after cold for ming
3.Have z inc coat ed corner weld s. Corner welds must be scarfed and then a conversion coating and clear organic polymer topcoat must be applied Perforated square steel tube post must have 7/16 -inch diameter holes or punch -outs 1 -inch on center on all four sides. Gravel or stone for a steel tube post foundation must be natural rough surface gravel or broken stone. Concrete for a steel tube post foundation must be minor concrete that contains at least 470 pounds of cementitious material per cubic yar d.
82-3.02C Wood Posts
A wood post must be the allowable grade and species for the sizes shown in the following table: SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS Nominal post sizea Allowable grades and species Select heart redwood No. 1 heart structural redwood, 1050f 4 by 4 inches No. 2 heart structural redwood, 900f No. 1 structural light framing Douglas fir, free of heart center No. 1 structural light framing Hem -Fir, free of heart center No. 1 structural light framing Southern yellow pine, free of heart center Select heart grade redwood Select heart structural grade redwood, 1100f 4 by 6 inches No. 1 heart structural redwood, 950f No. 2 structural joists and planks, Douglas fir, free of heart center No. 1 structural joists and planks Hem -Fir, free of heart center No. 2 structural joists and planks Southern yellow pine Select heart redwood No. 1 heart structural redwood, 950f Greater than 4 by 6 inches No. 1 posts and timbers, also known as no. 1 structural, Douglas fir, free of heart center Select structural posts and timbers Hem -Fir, free of heart center; and no. 1 timbers Southern yellow pine, free of heart center aSizes shown are minimum dressed dry sizes . The p osts must be graded under section 57 -2.01B(2). The sweep must not exceed 0.08 foot in 10 feet. Posts must be treated under section 57-2.01B(3) an d under AWPA U1, Use Category UC4A, Commodity Specification A. Posts must be incised, and the minimum retention of preservative must comply with AWPA requirements.
82-3.02D Lam inated Wood Box Posts
The Department furnishes a laminated wood box post with an attached metal cap at the top of each post.
82-3.02E Sign Panel Fastening and Mounting Hardware
Frame assemblies for multiple sign installations must be fabricated from an al uminum alloy or structural steel complying with ASTM A36/A36M. Frames fabricated from structural steel must be hot -dip galvanized after fabrication. Back braces for a sign must be made of commercial -quality, mild steel and hot -dip galvanized after fabricat ion. Straps and saddle brackets for mounting sign panels on lighting standards, sign structure posts, and traffic signal standards must be stainless steel complying with ASTM A167, Type 302B. Theft -proof bolts must be stainless steel with a chromium conten t of at least 17 percent and a nickel content of at least 8 percent. Bolts, except theft -proof bolts, lag screws, metal washers, and nuts must be made of commercial -quality steel and hot -dip galvanized after fabrication. Fiber washers must be commercial qu ality. Galvanizing must comply with section 75 -1.02B. Sign panel drive rivets must be galvanized steel or aluminum. Square steel tube post d rive rivets must be galvanized steel.
82-3.03 Construction
82-3.03A General
You may cut the ends of wood posts at the job site. If cutting or boring is performed after treating posts with preservative, manually apply preservative to the cuts and holes under section 57 -2.01B(3). Treat wood block spacers inserted between the post and sign panel on single -post installati ons with wood preservative under section 57 -2.01B(3). SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS If you do not immediately use laminated wood box posts, neatly stack them on dunnage. Do not paint wood posts and block spacers unless described otherwise. Drill 2 holes in each wood post to provide the breakaway feature shown. Make breakaway saw cuts and holes for the saw cuts in laminated wood box posts after installation of the posts. Do not splice the posts. You may make 1 trim cut at the bottom of the post. The line between the center of the top of a post and the center of the post at ground level must not deviate from a plumb line by more than 0.02 foot in 10 feet. Backfill the space around wood posts with earth or sand that is free of rocks or other deleterious material. Backfill around laminated wood box posts with granular material. Place the backfill material in layers approximately 1/3 foot thick. Moisten and thoroughly compact each layer. Backfill the space around the w ide-flange metal posts with minor concrete that contains at least 470 pounds of cementitious material per cubic yard. Unless surplus excavated material is hazardous, uniformly spread it along the adjacent roadway where designated by the Engineer. Fasten square steel tube posts to square steel anchor sleeves with sq uare steel tube post drive rivets .
82-3.03B Sign Panel Installation
Install lag screws by turning the lag screw into pilot holes using a wrench. Bore the pilot holes with a bit diameter equal to the root diameter of the lag screw thread. Apply PVC tape, p olyethylene tape, or other authorized corrosion -resistant barrier to the areas on metal sign surfaces or hardware that will be in contact with treated wood. Before inserting bolts, fill the bolt holes with the hardware manufacturer's recommended corrosion -protection grease that will not melt or run at a temperature of 150 degrees F. The corrosion -resistant barrier and grease is not required if wood posts and blocks are treated with pentachlorophenol in hydrocarbon solvent. Attach sign panel to square steel tube post with sign panel drive rivets. Place a fiber washer between the rivet head and the sign face.
82-3.04 Payment
An installed roadside sign consisting of one or more sign panels attached to:
1.1 post is 1 measurement unit of roadside sign -one pos t
2.2 posts is 1 me asurement unit of roadside sign -two post
3.1 or 2 laminated wood box posts is 1 measurement unit of install roadside sign (laminated wood box post) The payment quantity for metal (rail mounted sign) and metal (barrier mounted sign) is determined by the scale weight of the pipe posts, base plates, anchorage assemblies, and other metal parts used to mount a roadside sign on a barrier or railing. The payment quantity for roadside signs installed by the strap and saddle bracket method on electroliers, sign structure posts, and traffic signal standards and by the mast arm hanger method on traffic signal mast arms is the quantity of the sign panels on these elements. Payment for furnishing sign panels is not included in the payment for road side signs.
82-4 Sign Overlays
82-4.01 General
82-4.02 Materials
Sign overlay materials must comply with section 82 -2.02. A self-plugging blind rivet for installing a sign overlay must have a 3/16 -by-5/8-inch shank. SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS
82-4.03 Construction
Drill the rivet holes with a no. 10 drill bit. If the overlay is not prepunched, the maximum rivet spacing is 16 inches. If the existing sign panel is porcelain -enameled steel, drill the rivet holes with a diamond bit. Cover the exposed metal around the hole with a thin coat of silicone adhesive.
82-4.04 Payment
Not Used
82-5 Markers
82-5.01 General
82-5.01A Summary
Section 82 -5 includes spe cifications for fabricating and installing markers, including milepost markers. .
82-5.01B Definitions
Reserved
82-5.01C Submittals
Submit a certificate of compliance for:
1.Metal target plates
2.Enamel coating
3.Retroreflective sheeting
82-5.01D Quality Assurance
When tested under California Test 671, the enamel coating on metal target plates must have satisfactory resistance to weathering, humidity, salt spray, and chemicals. The ena mel coating must have:
1.Satisfactory adherence and impact resistance
2.Pencil lead hardness of HB minimum
3.60-degree specular gloss of 80 percent minimum
4.Excitation purity of 3 percent maximum: 4.1. As received 4.2. After 1,000 hours in an artifici al weathering device as specified in ASTM G155, Table X3.1, Cycle 1
5.Daylight luminous directional reflectance, Y value, of 70 minimum The Department may sample metal target plates for testing at the production stages for the lot and sample sizes shown in the following table: Metal Target Plate Sampling Production stage Lot size Sample size Finished target plates Less than 5,000 5 target plates 5,000 –10,000 10 target plates Flat sheet stock 10,000 sq ft or lessa Five 12 -by-24-inch specimens Coil stock 5,000 lb or less Two 12 -by-12-inch specimens or one 12 -by-24- inch specimen aFlat sheet stock must be identifiable with parent coil stock. The Department rejects the entire lot if either of the following occurs:
1.Any sample does not comply with section 82
2.Zinc-coated steel sheets show any evidence of damage to or removal of the zinc coating If the Department chooses to resample, the sample size may be twice the number shown in the table titled "Metal Target Plate Sampling." SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS
82-5.02 Materials
82-5.02A General
A marker must be on the Authorized Material List for signing and delineation materials.
82-5.02B Wood Posts
A wood post must comply with section 82 -3.02C.
82-5.02C Metal Posts
Steel for a metal post must comply with ASTM A36/A36M. A metal post must be galvanized under section 75 -1.02B.
82-5.02D Flexible Posts
A flexible post must be white except where shown as yellow. The f lexible post must be free from burns, discoloration, contamination, and other objectionable marks or defects that affect appearance or serviceability.
82-5.02E Target Plates
A target plate for a Type K -1 (CA) or a Type K -2 (CA) object marker must be the same color and material as the flexible post. A target plate for milepost mark er or Type L -1 (CA) or Type L -2 (CA) object marker installed on a metal post must be manufactured from an aluminum sheet or zinc -coated steel sheet. Galvanize steel sheets under section 75 -1.02B. Zinc -coated steel sheets must comply with ASTM A653/A653M, C ommercial Steel, Types A, B, and C. The nominal thickness of a zinc -coated steel sheet must be at least 0.038 inch. Prepare zinc -coated surfaces to produce optimum adherence of the enamel coating without damagi ng or removing the zinc coating. An aluminum t arget plate must be aluminum alloy 3003 -H14. You may use other alloys having equivalent properties if authorized. The nominal thickness of an aluminum sheet must be at least 0.050 inch. Prepare the aluminum sheets for the enamel coating by a suitable clean ing method to remove contaminants and by uniformly applying an acid -chromate -fluoride, acid -chromate -fluoride phosphate, or equivalent chemical anticorrosion conversion coating. Cut the target plate to size and shape and punch the mounting bolt holes. The surface s and edges of the plate must be free from fabrication defects. Coat the pret reated metal target plate with an opaque white coating on both sides using a 1 -coat or 2 - coat system. When tested under California Test 671, the dry film for the:
1.1-coat system must be uniform and have an average thickness of at least 0.75 mil with no individual measurement less than 0.65 mil
2.2-coat system must consist of 0.10 -to 0.20 -mil-thick primer and have an average thickness of at least 0.75 mil, including prime r and top coat, with no individual measurement less than 0.65 mil If using a 1 -coat painting system, fabricate a zinc-coated steel target plate, including shearing, cutting, and punching, before starting the enameling process. The enamel coating on a metal target plate must be the product of a commercial manufacturer. Apply the enamel coating by spray, dip, roller, or continuous roller coating. You may use other methods if authorized. The coating must be smooth and substantially free from flow lines, paint washout, streaks, blisters, and other defects that might impair serviceability or detract from the general appearance. SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS A finished metal target plate must not have dents or defects. The maximum edge -to-edge surface deviation fro m a horizontal plane must not exceed 1/8 inch.
82-5.02F Reflectors
A reflector for a marker must be made of a Type III or higher grade retroreflective sign sheeting shown on the Authorized Material List for signing and delineation materials.
82-5.02G Har dware
Use (1) 1/4 -inch galvanized steel or aluminum nuts and bolts or (2) 3/16 -inch blind aluminum rivets and washers to attach a target plate to a post . Use 5/16-inch galvanized steel bolts, nuts, and washers to attach a marker panel to a post .
82-5.02H Milepost Markers
Letters and numerals on a milepost marker must be made with opaque black paint or film. The paint and film must have an equivalent outdoor weatherability as the retroreflective sheeting specified in ASTM D4956. Nonreflective, opaque, black film must be vinyl or acrylic material. Film for letters and numerals must be computer cut and have pressure -sensitive adhesive.
82-5.02I 82-5.02L Reserved
82-5.03 Construction
Drive posts in place where soil conditions allow the driving without damage to the posts. Drill pilot holes if the ground conditions are such that the posts cannot be driven without being damaged. Install target plates and marker panels after the posts are set in place. After setting the posts, fill the space around them with rock -free earth. During placement, thoroughly tamp and water the fill material such that the post is held securely in position. Unless surplus excavated material is hazardous, uniformly spread it along the adjacent roadway where designated by the Engineer. Use stencils to paint letters and numerals on milepost markers. Before Contract acceptance, spot paint all exposed areas where the paint is damaged and clean all exposed areas that are soiled.
82-5.04 Payment
Not Used
82-6 82-8 Reserved
82-9 Existing Roads Ide Signs and Markers
82-9.01 General
Section 82 -9 includes specifications for performing work on existing roadside signs and markers .
82-9.02 Materials
Not Used
82-9.03 Construction
82-9.03A General
Remove roadside signs only when replacement signs are insta lled or when the existing signs ar e no longer required for traffic. Reset or relocate each roadside sign the same day it is removed. Single sheet aluminum signs to be salvaged must be banded on a pallet with a total weight of not more than 500 lb/pallet. Reset or relocate roadside signs using existing posts. If an existing post is deteriorated or broken, notify the Engineer. If ordered, use a new post. SECTION 82 SIGNS AND MARKERS Any n ew post and its installation, ordered for reasons other than damage you cause is change order work.
82-9.03B Installation of Sign Panel s on Existing Frame s
Install sign panels on existing frames with fastening hardware under section 82 -2.03A.
82-9.03C Installation of Removable Sign Panel Frame s
Install sign panels on removable sign panel frames with fas tening hardware under section 82 -3.02E.
82-9.03D Relocate Markers
Reserved
82-9.03E Reset Markers
Reserved
82-9.03F Installation of Sign Panels on Existing Posts
Install roadside sign panels on existing posts with fastening hardware under section 82 -2.03A.
82-9.04 Payment
Payment for furnishing sign panels of any type is not included in the payment for install sign panel on existing frame and post. Payment for removing existing sign panel is included in the payment for install roadside sign panel on existing post. Remove sign panel and remove sign panel frame consisting of a single removable sign panel frame with attached sign panels is 1 measurement unit. Payment for furnishing sign panels is not included in the payment for furnish removable sign panel frame with sign panels attached and install removable sign panel frame. Each sign installation is 1 measurement unit, regardless of the number of posts or sign panels involved.
Source: California Standard Specifications, 2024 Edition. Pages 1131–1144 of 1,372.