852Miscellaneous Steel Materials

852.1General Description

This section includes the requirements for miscellaneous materials, such as: • Steel bolts, nuts, and washers • Anchor bolts, nuts, and washers • High tensile strength bolts, nuts, and washers • Corrugated steel plank for bridges • Steel grid for bridge floors 852.1.01 Related References

ASTM A 123/A 123M A 153M/A 153M A 325/A 325M A 490/A 490M A 563/A 563M A 570/A 570M A 653/A 653M A 709/A 709M A 924/A 924M B 695 E 376 F 436 F 568M F 606 (F 606M) F 844 Recommended Practice E376 ANSI B 1.1M AASHTO M 314

852.2Materials

852.2.01 Steel Bolts, Nuts, and Washers

Bolts and Nuts

the metal.

1/4 in. (6 mm) beyond them. Washers Use washers that meet the requirements of ASTM F 844 unless otherwise specified. 1606 1606 1606

Galvanizing: When galvanized materials are specified, galvanize all bolts, nuts, and washers by either the hot-dip method in ASTM A 153/A 153M, Class C, or the mechanical deposit method in ASTM B 695, Class 50.

General Provisions 101 through 150.

General Provisions 101 through 150. 852.2.02 Anchor Bolts, Nuts, and Washers

Use anchor bolts, nuts, and washers for structural supports that meet the requirements of AASHTO M 314 Grade 55 (379) unless otherwise shown on the plans. Supports include those for highway signs, street lighting, traffic signals, bridge bearing plates, and other similar applications. Apply Supplementary Requirement S1 of AASHTO M 314 to these materials. Use the grade, shape, and dimensions designated on the plans. NOTE: The Department will not accept Grade 105 (724).

Galvanizing: Where galvanized materials are specified, galvanize all bolts, nuts, and washers by the hot-dip method in ASTM A 153/A 153M and according to the plans.

General Provisions 101 through 150.

General Provisions 101 through 150. 852.2.03 High Tensile Strength Bolts

Bolt Type Use high tensile strength bolts that meet the requirements of ASTM A325 (A 325M) or ASTM A 490 (A 490M), as specified on the Plans. Nut Type Apply these changes to ASTM A 325 (A 325M) and/or ASTM A 490 (A 490M):

Bolt Spec., Type and Finish Nut Spec., Grade and Finish A 325 (A 325M), 1 or 2, plain A 563—DH or DH 3, plain, A194, 2H, plain (A 563M—8S or 8S3, plain) A 325 (A 325M), 1or 2, zinc coated A 563—DH, zinc coated, A194, 2H, zinc coated (A 563M—8S, zinc coated) A 325 (A 325M), 3, plain A 563—DH 3 plain (A 563M—8S3, plain A 490 (A 490M), 1 or 2, plain A 563—DH or DH3, plain, A 194, 2 H, plain (A 563M—10S or 10S3, plain) A 490 (A 490M), 3, plain A 563—DH 3, plain (A 563M—10S3, plain) 1607 1607 1607

Washer Type Apply these changes to ASTM A 325 (A 325M) and/or ASTM A 490 (A 490M):

requirements of ASTM F 436.

Fastener Assemblies Provide the Office of Materials and Research at least three samples per lot of each material type furnished to project. Certification Test Reports Supply certifications on each item according to Subsection 106.05, Materials Certification. Include on all certifications the item specification number, type or grade, finish, and manufacturer’s product-marking symbol. Also, supply the required Mill Test Reports, Manufacturer Certified Test Reports, and Distributor Certified Test Reports with each shipment, as follows:

Indicate where the material was melted and manufactured.

of the bolts, nuts, or washers. Each MCTR shall: 1) Show relevant information required by ASTM A 325 (A 325M) or ASTM A 490 (A 490M), and this specification, including test results for any required coating. 2) Include the lot number and location where the bolts, nuts, or washers were manufactured. 3) If the manufacturer furnished the entire assembly (bolts, nuts, and washers), have the manufacturer perform the rotational capacity tests. 4) Furnish the results and when and where all testing was performed.

from different manufacturers, the distributor may run the rotational-capacity test in lieu of a manufacturer. In this case show test results, manufacturer’s component lot numbers, and assigned rotational capacity lot numbers for each combination on the DCTR.

Bolts

brittle in hydrogen and subsequently crack due to stress corrosion and delayed brittle failure.

1) Test ASTM A 325 (A 325M) galvanized bolts for embrittlement according to ASTM F 606/F 606M, Section 7. 2) Perform proof load tests (ASTM F 606/F 606 Method 1) for all ASTM A 325 (A 325M) and ASTM A 490 (A 490M) bolts. Nuts

color that contrasts with the zinc coating so that you can obviously see the coating at the job site.

606M Section 4.2.

and lubricated. 1608 1608 1608

Fastener Assemblies (Bolt, Nut, and Washer)

A 153/A 153M.

shown on Table 1 of ASTM A 153/A 153M, when taken according to ASTM Recommended Practice E 376.

Fastener Assemblies (Bolt, Nut, and Washer)

376.

shown on Table 1 of ASTM A 153/A 153M. Hardness Test Perform hardness tests on galvanized components after galvanizing the item and removing the coating. Rotational Capacity Test Rotational capacity tests are required on all black or galvanized (after galvanizing) assemblies prior to shipping. The following directions are for Department personnel:

Subsections 852.2.03.C.4.b.7 and 852.2.03.C.4.b.9. Rotational Capacity Test: Bolts Too Short to Fit in Tension Calibrator

• Calibrated manual torque wrench and a 1ft. (300 mm) long wrench. • Spacers and/or washers with holes that do not exceed the bolt diameter by 1/16 in. (2 mm) for bolts equal to or less than 1 inch (24 mm) in diameter. The hole size for larger bolts shall not exceed the bolt diameter by 1/8 in. (3 mm). • Steel section with holes to match bolt sizes. NOTE: Use a plate thick enough to accomplish Step 1 in the procedure without spacers. However, spacers are acceptable.

1) Mark off a vertical line and lines one-third of a turn, 120 degrees; half of a turn 180 degrees; and two- thirds of a turn, 240 degrees from vertical in a clockwise direction on the plate. 2) Measure the bolt length, the distance from the underside of the bolt head to the end of the bolt. 3) Install a nut on the bolt and measure the stick-out of the bolt when three to five full threads of the bolt are located between the bearing face of the nut and the bolt head. 4) Install the bolt in the appropriate size hole and, if necessary, install the required number of spacers to produce the thread stick-out measured in step 1 (always use at least one washer under the nut). 5) Snug the nut with the hand wrench. Snug should be the normal effort applied to a 12 in. (300 mm) long wrench. Do not exceed 20 percent of the torque determined in step 7. 6) Align the nut with the vertical (0 degree) stripe on the test frame plate. This is for reference after you rotate the nut during testing. 1609 1609 1609

7) Tighten the bolt by turning the nut with the torque wrench to the rotation in the table. Bolt Length (Step 1) 4 bolt dia. or less 4 to 8 bolt dia. More than 8 bolt dia. Required rotation 1/3 1/2 2/3 Use a second wrench to prevent the bolt from turning. 8) Measure and record the torque required to reach this rotation. Measure torque with the nut in motion. Ensure the torque in foot-pounds (newton-meters) does not exceed the values in the table. Reject any assemblies that exceed the listed torques. Torque, Foot-pounds (newton-meters) Nominal Bolt Dia., In. (mm) ASTM A 325(A 325M) ASTM A 490 (A 490M) 1/2 (M16) 150 (419) 180 (525) 5/8 (M20) 290 (817) 370 (1026) 3/4 (M22) 500 (1111) 625 (1395) 7/8 (M24) 820 (1415) 1020 (1773) 1 (M27) 1230 (2070) 1540 (2592) 1-1/8 (M30) 1500 (2813) 2160 (3520) 1-1/4 (M36) 2140 (4912) 3150 (6158) 1-3/8 2810 3980 1-1/2 3690 5310 9) Continue tightening the nut as follows: Bolt Length (Step 1) 4 bolt dia. or less 4 to 8 bolt dia. More than 8 bolt dia. Required Rotation 2/3 1 1-1/3 10) Measure the rotation from the initial marking in Step 6. 11) Loosen and remove the nut and examine the bolt and nut threads. Reject any assembly that shows evidence of thread shear, stripping, or torsional failure. NOTE: Reject any assemblies that fracture or are stripped before reaching the required rotation. Rotational Capacity Test: Long Bolts in Tension Calibrator

• Calibrated, measuring device to measure tension for the bolts. Mark off a vertical line and lines one- third of a turn, 120 degrees; and two-thirds of a turn, 240 degrees, from vertical in a clockwise direction on the face plate of the calibrator. • Calibrated manual torque wrench. • Spacers and/or washers meeting the requirements of Subsection 852.2.03.C.4.a, bullet 2. • Steel section to mount the bolt calibrator. 1610 1610 1610

1) Measure the bolt length, the distance from the underside of the bolt head to the end of the bolt.

2) Put the nut on the bolt and measure the stick-out of the bolt when three to five full threads of the bolt

show between the bearing face of the nut and the bolt head.

3) Install the bolt in the tension calibrator. If necessary, install the required number of spacers to

produce the thread stick-out measured in step 1 (always use at least one washer under the nut).

4) Tighten the bolt by turning the nut with a hand wrench to the snug tensions listed below [ –0 +2 kips

(– 0 +9 kN)].

Nominal Bolt Dia., in. (mm)

Tension, kips (kN)

ASTM A 325 (A 325M) ASTM A 490 (A 490M)

1/2 (M16) 1(9) 1 (11)

5/8 (M20) 2 (14) 2 (18)

3/4 (M22) 3 (18) 4 (22)

7/8 (M24) 4 (21) 5 (26)

1 (M27) 5 (27) 6 (33)

1-1/8 (M30) 6 (33) 8 (41)

1-1/4 (M36) 7 (47) 10 (60)

1-3/8 9 12

1-1/2 10 15

5) Align the nut to the vertical (0 degree) stripe on the face plate of the bolt calibrator.

6) Use the calibrated manual torque wrench to turn the nut to at least the tension in kips (kN) listed below.

Tension, kips (kN)

Nominal Bolt Dia., in. (mm) ASTM A 325 (A 325M) ASTM A 490 (A 490M)

1/2 (M16) 12 (91) 15 (114)

5/8 (M20) 19 (142) 24 (179)

3/4 (M22) 28 (176) 35 (221)

7/8 (M24) 39 (205) 49 (257)

1 (M27) 51 (267) 64 (334)

1-1/8 (M30) 56 (326) 80 (408)

1-1/4 (M36) 71 (475) 102 (595)

1-3/8 85 121

1-1/2 103 148 161116111611

7) Record both the torque required to reach the tension and the bolt tension value from the calibrator.

Measure torque with the nut in motion. The torque cannot be greater than 0.25 x the developed

tension in lbf (newtons) x the bolt diameter in feet (meters).

8) Reject assemblies with torque values that exceed the calculated value.

9) Further tighten the nut as follows.

Bolt Length (Step 1) 4 bolt dia. or less 4 to 8 bolt dia. More than 8 bolt dia.

Required Rotation 2/3 1 1-1/3

10) Measure the rotation from the initial marking in step 5.

11) Record the bolt tension. Reject assemblies that fail prior to this rotation either by stripping or fracture.

12) After the required rotation, the bolt tension in kips (kN) must equal or exceed the values shown in the

table. Reject assemblies that do not meet the tension.

Nominal Bolt Dia., in. (mm)

Tension, kips (kN)

ASTM A 325 (A 325M) ASTM A 490 (A 490M)

1/2 (M16) 14 (105) 17 (131)

5/8 (M20) 22 (163) 28 (205)

3/4 (M22) 32 (202) 40 (254)

7/8 (M24) 45 (236) 56 (295)

1 (M27) 59 (307) 74 (384)

1-1/8 (M30) 64(375) 92 (469)

1-1/4 (M36) 82 (546) 121 (684)

1-3/8 98 139

1-1/2 118 170

13) Loosen and remove nut and examine the bolt and nut threads. Reject any assembly with any

evidence of thread shear, stripping, or torsional failure.

Ship bolts, nuts, and washers from each rotational-capacity lot in the same container.

washers in the same container.

possible at any stage before installation.

Black bolts, nuts and washers must be “oily” to the touch when installed. Clean and re-lubricate weathered or

rusted bolts, nuts, and washers before installing them.

Improperly stored galvanized assemblies will develop white rust. Clean and re-lubricate as in

Subsection 852.2.03.B.2.a any bolts, nuts, and washers that show evidence of white rust. 161216121612

852.2.04 Corrugated Steel Plank for Bridges

Type

Use steel that meets ASTM A 570/A 570M Grade 33/230 or ASTM A 653/A 653M Grade 37/255 and ASTM A

924/A 924M.

Furnish copper steel when specified.

Submit a certification according to Subsection 106.05, Materials Certification.

Make corrugated steel bridge plank of shop-fabricated steel plate. Use the gauge shown on the plans.

Form the steel into plank at least 13 in. (325 mm) wide and between 2 to 4 in. (50 and 100 mm) deep, with at

least two complete corrugations.

Galvanizing

When galvanized plank is specified, galvanize the plank as in ASTM A 123/A 123M or ASTM A 653/A 653M

Class G210.

Acceptance is based on the certification.

General Provisions 101 through 150.

852.2.05 Steel Grid for Bridge Floors

Use steel that meets ASTM A 709/A 709M Grade 36/250 and has the specified copper content.

Submit a certification according to Subsection 106.05, Materials Certification.

General Provisions 101 through 150.

Acceptance is based on the certification.

General Provisions 101 through 150.. 1613 1613 1613