575If the outside temperature is 35°F or less when plants are delivered, the plants

622.04 Collected Plants At least 24 h before starting to dig collected plants, notification shall be given of the time and place of digging so inspection of the work and of the plants can be made, 70

as desired. Collected plants shall be dug carefully in a satisfactory manner. All operations of digging, transporting, and replanting collected plants shall be in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations of the State.

622.05 Excavation for Plant Holes

Stakes will be set to locate plant holes for each tree, shrub, or vine. The outline of each seeding bed will be staked and the planting on the required centers shall be as directed. Stakes for the staking operation sha ll be furnished. The location stakes shall 80 be removed as directed. Excavation shall be su ch that the plant holes are cylindrical in shape with the sides approximately vertical . Material excavated from the holes may be used for backfill providing it is in acco rdance with 914.01. Otherwise, it shall be distributed uniformly within the constructi on area as directed. The excavated material shall not be stockpiled on turf or in ditches. Material unsuitable for the growth of vegetation, including rocks and boulders, shall be disposed of outside the right-of-way as directed and in accordance with 203.01 and 203.10. Plant holes shall be in accordance with the details and tables shown on the plans. If plants have not been planted within 10 days after excavation of the hole, the hole shall be refilled and re-excavated at the time of planting. No additional payment will be made for this 90 operation. 622.05 If, after staking or excavation of the plant holes at the locations shown on the plans, it becomes apparent that the location is unsuitable for planting due to accumulation of groundwater, possible floodi ng because of terrain conditions, or unsuitable soil conditions, plant holes shall be relocated as directed. Such relocation shall be done with no additional payment. 622.06 Planting Season The planting season shall be from September 1 through the following May 25, 100 with the exception that trees shall be planted from October 1 through the following April 15, provided that trees are dormant. Crown vetch plants and seedlings shall be planted only from April 15 through May 30, unless approved in writing. Bare rooted plants shall be planted only when the outside air temperature exceeds 35°F. Unless otherwise approved, deciduous plants, except those container grown, shall be dormant at the time they arrive at the work or storage site. Evergreens shall not have active terminal growth. At least 40% of the total number of balled and burlapped, and container grown plants, not including crown vetch plants, shall be planted from the beginning of the planting season through December 31. Bare root seedlings for wildlife habitat shall be planted from October 1 through the following April 30. 110 Container grown seedlings for wildlife habitat shall be planted at any time. The initial planting and spring replacemen ts, in accordance with 622.18, shall be completed satisfactorily within the planting season which expires prior to the completion date of the contract. The establis hment period for these plants shall be from the end of the specified planting period to the fall inspection. If the initial planting and spring replacements are not completed within the specified time, the completion date may be extended one year to provide an establishment period. If the completion date is extended, all requirements of 622.18 shall apply until final inspection and acceptance. 120

622.07 Pruning

Before the plant is placed in the plant hole, any bruised or broken parts of roots shall be cut off smoothly as approved unless otherwise specified or directed. All plants shall be pruned either before or after planting. Such pruning generally shall consist of thinning out or cutting back secondary branch ing to reduce the foliage by 1/3 to 1/2 in accordance with accepted horticu ltural practices. Pruning opera tions shall maintain the general crown outline and characteristic branching pattern for each species. Pruning or cutting back of terminal l eaders which are over 3/8 in. in diameter at the point of cut will not be allowed. Broken or dead branches, or any other objectionable parts of 130 the plant, shall be removed throughout the life of the contract. Pruning tools shall be kept sharp and shall be sterilized in denatu red alcohol after each hour of use. All cut surfaces 3/8 in. or more in diameter shall be painted with a tree wound dressing. Bare rooted shrubs shall be cut back to 1/2 their minimum specified height as shown on the plans. Pruning shall be performed after the shrubs have been sealed with Department seals and prior to the leaf buds breaking dormancy. At the time of the 622.06 577 spring and fall inspections, bare rooted shrubs will be accepted at their original specified height provided they are healthy, in good growin g condition, and are no less than 1/2 the minimum specified height. 140

622.08 Planting, Back filling, and Watering

The plant shall be placed in the plant hole at the proper position for depth, alignment, final grade of the surrounding ground level, and vertical position of the trunk. The planting procedure shall be performed in such a manner that the top of the ball of the plant is as shown on the plans at the time of planting. The planting procedure shall be in accordance with the details as shown on the plans. Backfill material in accordance with 914.01 shall be placed around all plants except seedlings. The quantities of backfill material required per plant shall be as shown on the plans. 150 In areas which are designated on the plans as beds for group planting, the soil shall be tilled to a minimum depth of 6 in. in such a manner that all sod and vegetation is destroyed. These areas shall be tilled at l east two times with an interval of 14 days between tilling operations. Plan ting may be done immediatel y after the second tilling. Additional tilling shall be performed if vegetation appears before mulch is applied. Sod and vegetation shall be removed in lieu of the tilling operation when the soil temperature or moisture conditions are such that the sod and vegetation would not be destroyed by tilling. At other times, sod and vegetation may be removed in lieu of tilling. If the excavation resulting from sod removal is greater than 1 in. deep, it shall be backfilled with topsoil to 1 in. above th e original ground. After sod and vegetation 160 removal and backfilling, the bed area shall be cultivated to a depth of 6 in. Large clods, rocks, and other debris encountered in the cultivation work and any excess soil shall be removed. The outline of beds for group plan tings shall be no closer than 3 ft to the center of any of the outer plants in the area. In addition to the water applied at the time of planting, unless excessive moisture prevails, a minimum of two supplemental waterings shall be applied between May 1 and June 15, and one every 14 days between June 15 and September 15. Sufficient water shall be applied to individual plants to saturate the backfill and the mulch area. Plants in beds shall receive water equivalent to the quantity used for individual plants. 170 Liquid fertilizer in accordance with 622.09 , may be applied with the supplemental watering and the method of app lication is subject to approv al. Lance watering will not be allowed. Container grown seedlings for wildlife habitat which have been planted from June 1 through August 31 shall be maintained after installation for 30 days. Maintenance shall include watering the seedlings at the time of planting and once every seven days.

622.09 Liquid Fertilizer Application All plants shall be fertilized with a water soluble 5-10-10 fertilizer, or an

equivalent amount of plant nutrients, at the rate of 0.75 lb/100 gal. of water. Fertilizer shall be applied to each installed plant until the mulched area over the plant hole is saturated. Three applications shall be made : one on or about July 1; one about August 1; and one about September 1. 622.10 Mulching Mulch, in accordance with 914.05(b), shall be placed as a top layer around each plant as soon as it has been installed. The mulch shall cover the entire area as described 220 in 622.08 and shall be placed around individual plants in accordance with the plans.

622.11 Guying and Staking

Guying and staking shall be in accordance with the details shown on the plans. Guy wire shall be placed through rubber hose material around each tree then twisted to secure the tree in a relatively stable position. Three wood stakes shall be spaced equally about each tree. The guy wire sh all be secured to each stake at an approximately right angle. Support of multi-stem trees of 4 to 6 ft in height shall consist of inner limb guying and bracing st akes. The securement point and placement 622.09 579 of guy wire shall avoid abrasion of tree limbs. The guys and stakes shall be maintained 230 for the duration of the contract. Prior to final inspection, all materials used to support trees shall be removed and disposed of, except as otherwise directed for trees requiring additional bracing time. However, supports for fall replacement shall remain in place. If approved, stakes may be left flush with the ground. 622.12 Plant Protection

622.13 Retaining Walls and Tree Wells Retaining walls around the roots of trees or shrubs, and tree wells around the 622.13

580 trunks of trees or shrubs shall be constructed at the locations and to the shape and dimensions shown on the plans or as otherwise designated. They shall be of mortar and masonry, or other type as specified. Mortar shall not be used in any portion of the tree well extending below the top of contiguous porous material used for tree root protection. The inside face of a tree well sh all be no less than 2 ft from the outside 280 edge of the trunk of the tree or shrub. No material shall be placed between th e tree trunk and the wall of the tree well.

622.14 Tree Root Protection Where tree root protection is specified, the entire area of the root spread shall be

protected. The limits of this area shall be as designated, but in general this area corresponds to the area of the ground surface lying beneath the limb spread of the tree. The area shall be cleaned of all vegetation and debris. Porous material, in accordance with 914.09(d), shall be placed uniformly over the area to a depth in proportion to the 290 height of fill, varying proportionally from 3 in. for fills of 1 ft or less to 12 in. for fills of 4 ft or more, or to such other depth as may be designated. A layer of No. 23 sand or other approved material shal l then be placed in sufficie nt quantity to choke the top layer of porous material and will be measured and paid for as porous material. Where the earth fill is less than 12 in. and tree root protection is specified without the construction of a tree well, the thickness of the porous material at the tree trunk shall be increased to the height of the fill and extend outward from the tree truck in collar form for a distance of 12 in., unless otherwise shown on the plans. 300 No fill shall be placed over the root spread of any tree or shrub that is to be protected in the above manner until the required depth of porous material has been placed. 622.15 Pipe Underdrains Pipe underdrains, when shown on the plan s or directed, shall be placed to drain tree wells or porous material for tree root protection. These shall be placed in accordance with applicable provisions of 718. 622.16 Damage to Plants 310 During all operations of tree protection, care shall be used to prevent unnecessary cutting of roots and to prevent scarring or damage to selected trees or shrubs. Motorized equipment shall not be operated within the drip line of trees unless specified. Where trimming of branches or cutting of roots is necessary, all cuts shall be made cleanly with proper sharp to ols in accordance with generally accepted horticultural practices. Scarred areas and cut su rfaces 3/8 in. or more in diameter shall be covered completely with a tree wound dressing.

622.17 Grass and Weed Control Weeding and mowing of grass in and around all group plantings, beds, and 320

individual trees and shrubs shall be performed until final acceptance. The grass and 622.14 581 weed control areas shall be the areas within 2 ft of the outer limits of all group plantings and shrub beds and within 2 ft of the outer limits of the mulch area of individual shrubs. For the care of individual trees, the area shall extend to a perimeter centered from the point itself to 2 ft beyond the stub stakes of the guy wires or 2 ft beyond the mulched area. In general, these areas sha ll be in accordance with the plans.

622.18 Care, Inspection, and Replacement

622.19 Crown Vetch Plants and Seedlings The requirements of 622.09 and 622.18 will not apply to these items. Seedlings

shall be fertilized as specified on the plans. Crown vetch plants and seedlings, including replacements, shall be watered as neces sary to keep them in a living, healthy, and good growing condition. On or about June 5, these items will be inspected. If it is estimated that 90% or more of the plan quantity of any individual item in a specific area is living, healthy, and in a good growing condition, replacements will not be required. If less than 90% are alive, healthy, and in a good growin g condition, all items not meeting these 380 requirements shall be replaced. Replacements shall be marked in the same manner as the original planti ng, except the markers shall be yellow. Replacement planting shall be accomplished prior to June 15. A final inspection will be made on or about the following September 15. If it is estimated that 90% of the contract quantity of any individual item is living, healthy, and in a good growing condition, payment w ill be made for the contract quantity. If less than 90% meet these requirements, the pay quantity for the item will be established. 390

622.20 “Do Not Mow or Spray” Signs and “Do Not Disturb” Signs

These signs shall be placed at the bounda ries of areas where seedlings for wildlife habitat have been placed. The locations and spacing of the signs shall be as shown on the plans or as directed. The sign shall ot herwise be in accordance with 621.06(h).

622.21 Method of Measurement

Furnishing and planting trees, shrubs, and vines will be measured by the number of units of each type and size specified, inst alled, and accepted. Seedlings for wildlife habitat, “Do Not Mow or Spray” signs, and “Do Not Disturb” signs will be measured 400 by the number installed and accepted. Retaining wall masonry, either mortared or not mortared as specified, will be measured by the cubic yard. Porous material for root protection will be measured by the ton.

622.22 Basis of Payment

The number of trees, shrubs, and vines of each variety planted, determined as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price per each for plant, of the type, form, and size shown in the Schedule of Pay Items. Seedlings for wildlife habitat, “Do Not Mow or Spray” signs, and “Do Not Disturb” signs will be paid for at the contract unit price per each. 410 622.19 583 Masonry wall and masonry tree well will be paid for at the contract unit price per cubic yard. Porous material for root protection will be paid for at the contract unit price per ton. Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit Symbol Masonry Tree Well .................................................................... CYS 420 Masonry Wall ............................................................................ CYS Plant, Annual ............................................................................. EACH Plant, Aquatic ............................................................................ EACH Plant, Biannual .......................................................................... EACH Plant, Broadleaf Evergreen, Cone, Broad Upright, _____ ........ EACH size Plant, Broadleaf Evergreen, Globe, Dwarf, _____ .................... EACH size Plant, Broadleaf Evergreen, Spr eading, Semispreading, _____ EACH size 430 Plant, Coniferous Evergreen, Cone, Broad Upright, _____ ...... EACH size Plant, Coniferous Evergreen, Globe, Dwarf, _____ .................. EACH size Plant, Coniferous Evergreen, Prostrate Broad Spreading, Semispreading, _____ ........................................................ EACH size Plant, Deciduous Shrub, _____ ................................................. EACH size Plant, Deciduous Tree, Multi-Stem, _____ ............................... EACH 440 size Plant, Deciduous Tree, Single Stem, _____ .............................. EACH size Plant, Ground Cover .................................................................. EACH Plant, Pere nnial .......................................................................... EACH Plant, Root Tuber, Corm, Bulb .................................................. EACH Plant, Rose Grade ...................................................................... EACH Porous Material for Root Protection .......................................... TON Seedling ..................................................................................... EACH Sign, “Do Not Disturb” ............................................................. EACH 450 Sign, “Do Not Mow or Spray” .................................................. EACH The cost of furnishing all materials, labor, and necessary incidentals shall be included in the cost of the pay items. Progress payment for planting trees, shrubs, or vines will be based on the premise that 75% of the work has been completed when such trees, shrubs, or vines have been 622.22 584 completely planted. The remaining portion of the payment will be for maintenance and plant replacement.