1116Aggregates for On Grade Concrete

– AGGREGATES FOR ON GRADE CONCRETE AGGREGATES FOR ON GRADE CONCRETE

1116.1DESCRIPTION

This specification is for coarse aggregates, intermed iate aggregates, fine aggregates, mixed aggregates (coarse, intermediate and fine material ) and miscellaneous aggregates for use in construction of concrete placed on grade. For Intermediate Aggregates and Mixed Aggregates, consider any ag gregate with 30% or more retained on the No. 8 sieve to be Coarse Aggregate.

1116.2REQUIREMENTS

less than 20% material retained on the 3/8” sieve from a source complying with these requirements prior to crushing. Fine Aggregates for Concrete have additional Quality Requirements stated in subsection 1116.2e.(2). Soundness by Freeze/Thaw (min.) (KTMR-21)* .......................................................... 0.90 Wear Grading B (max.)(AASHTO T 96)** .................................................................. 50% Additional Requirements:*** Modified Soundness by Freeze/Thaw (min.) (KTMR-21) ............................................ 0.90 Relative Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity, minimum (KTMR-22 @ 660 F/T cycles) ... 95 Expansion, maximum (KTMR-22 @ 660 F/T cycles) .................................................. 0.025% * Soundness (KTMR-21) requirements do not apply to aggregates having less than 10% material retained on the No. 4 sieve. ** Wear (AASHTO T 96) requirements do not apply to aggregates having less than 10% retained on the No. 8 sieve. ***The additional requirements do not apply for uncrushed sand-gravel aggregates having less than 5% material retained on the ½” sieve.

used with a Coarse Aggregate Sweetener, or will require Supplemental Ceme ntitious Materials (SCM) to prevent Alkali Silica Reactions (ASR). When an SCM is utilized, provide the results of mortar expansion tests of ASTM C 1567 using the project’s mix design concrete materials at their designated percentages. Provide a mix with a maximum expansion of 0.10% at 16 days after casting. Provide the results to the Engineer at least 15 days before placement of concrete on the project. Wetting & Drying Test of Siliceous Aggregate for Concrete (KTMR-23) Concrete Modulus of Rupture: • At 60 days, minimum ............................................................................... 550 psi • At 365 days, minimum ............................................................................. 550 psi Expansion: • At 180 days, maximum ............................................................................ 0.050% • At 365 days, maximum ............................................................................ 0.070% Aggregates produced from the following general areas are exempt from the Wetting and Drying Test: • Blue River Drainage Area. • The Arkansas River from Sterling, west to the Colorado state line. • The Neosho River from Emporia to the Oklahoma state line.

Aggregates are listed in TABLE 1116-1. – AGGREGATES FOR ON GRADE CONCRETE TABLE 1116-1: COARSE AGGREGATE SWEETENER Type of Coarse Aggregate Sweetener Proportion Required by Percent Weight Crushed Sandstone* 40 (minimum) Crushed Limestone or Dolomite* 40 (minimum) Siliceous Aggregates meeting subsection 1116.2a.(2) 40 (minimum) Siliceous Aggregates not meeting subsection 1116.2a.(2) ** 30 (maximum) *Waive the minimum portion of Coarse Aggregate Sweetener for all intermediate and fine aggregates that comply with the wetting and drying requirements for Siliceous Aggregates. In this case, combine the intermediate, fine and coarse aggregate sweetener in proportions required to comply with subsection 1116.2a.(2) **To be used only with intermediate and fine aggregates that comply with the wetting and drying requirements of Siliceous Aggregates unless a Supplemental Cementitious Material is utilized.

subsection 1116.2b.(2). Use a proven optimization method such as ACI 302.1 or other method approved by the Engineer. Aggregates may be from a single source or combination of sources.

demand while providing good workability. Adjust mixture proportions whenever individual aggregate grading varies during the course of the work. Use the gradations shown in TABLE 1116-2, or other gradation approved by the Engineer. Optimization is not required for concrete for patching pavements more than 10 years old, or Commercial Grade Concrete. The Engineer may waive the optimization requirements if the concrete meets all the requirements of DIVISION 400 and/or DIVISION 500. Follow these guidelines:

retained on either of these sieves and the adjacent outside sieve should be at least 13%. (for example, if both the No. 4 and No. 8 sieves have 6% retained on each, then: 1) the total retained on the 3/8 in. and No. 4 sieves should be at least 13%, and 2) the total retained on the No. 8 and No. 16 sieves should be at least 13%.) TABLE 1116-2: ALLOWABLE GRADING FOR MIXED AGGREGATES FOR CONCRETE Type Usage Percent Retained - Square Mesh Sieves 1 ½" 1" ¾" ½" ⅜" No. No. No. No. No. 50 No. 100 No. 200 MA-3 Optimized All Concrete 0 2-12 Note 1 Note1 Note1 Note1 Note2 Note2 Note 2 95-100 98-100 MA-4 Optimized All Concrete3 0 2-12 Note1 Note1 Note1 Note1 Note1 Note2 Note2 Note2 95-100 98-100 MA-5 Optimized All Concrete 0 2-12 8 min 22-34 55-65 75 min 95-100 98-100 MA-7 Contractor Design KDOT Approved Proposed Grading that does not correspond to other limits in this table but meet the requirements for concrete in DIVISION 400 and/or DIVISION 500. 98-100 1 Retain a maximum of 22% and a minimum of 6% of the material on each individual sieve. 2 Retain a maximum of 15% and a minimum of 6% of the material on each individual sieve. 3 Maximum top size of Limestone is ¾”.

 Actual Workability must be within ± 5 of Target Workability. Where: W A = Actual Workability – AGGREGATES FOR ON GRADE CONCRETE W T = Target Workability CF = Coarseness Factor

A) to the nearest whole number as the percent material passing the #8 sieve. WA = 100 – % retained on #8 sieve

For 517 lbs cement per cubic yard of concrete WT = 46.14 – (CF/6) For each additional 1 lb of cement per cubic yard, subtract 2.5/94 lbs from the Target Workability.

• Clay lumps and friable particles (KT-7) ........................................... 1.0% • Coal (AASHTO T 113) ..................................................................... 0.5% • Shale or Shale-like material (KT-8) .................................................. 0.5% • Sticks (wet) (KT-35) ......................................................................... 0.1% • Sum of all deleterious ........................................................................ 1.5%

aggregate according to the procedure listed in S ection 5.10.5-Fineness Modulus of Aggregates (Gradation Factor) of Part V befo re delivery, or from the first 10 samples tested and accepted. Provide aggregate that is within ±0.20 of the average fineness modulus. Provide a single point grading for the combined aggregates along with a plus/minus tolerance for each sieve. Use plus/minus tolerances to perform quality cont rol checks and by the Engineer to perform aggregate grading verification testing. The tests may be performed on the combined materials or on individual aggregates, and then theoretically combined to determine compliance. Maintain an Actual Workability within ± 5 of the Target Workability for combined aggregates.

stockpiling.

• Maintain separation between aggregates from different sources, with different gradings or with a significantly different specific gravity. • Transport aggregate in a manner that promotes uniform grading. • Do not use aggregates that have become mixed with earth or foreign material. • Stockpile or bin all washed aggregate produced or handled by hydraulic methods for 12 hours

provided the car bodies permit free drainage. • Provide additional stockpiling or binning in cases of high or non-uniform moisture. 100xRetained % Material 8 # Retained % Material 3/8”CF + += – AGGREGATES FOR ON GRADE CONCRETE

requirements of subsection 1116.2a. Consider limestone, calcite cemented sandstone, rhyolite, quartzite, basalt and granite as crushed stone. Mixtures utilizing siliceous aggregate not meeting subsection 1116.2a.(2) will require supplemental cementitious materials to prevent Alkali Silica Reactions. Provide the results of mortar expansion tests of ASTM C 1567 using the project’s mix design concrete materials at their designated percentages. Provide a mix with a maximum expansion of 0.10% at 16 days after casting. Provide the results to the Engineer at least 15 days before placement of concrete on the project.

Optimized Mixed Aggregates, or some other gradation approved by the Engineer that will provide a combined aggregate gradation meeting subsection 1116.2b.

occurring sand, or manufactured sand meeting the quality requirements of subsection 1116.2a.

meeting subsection 1116.2b.

disintegration of siliceous or calcareous rock, or manufactured sand produced by crushing predominately siliceous materials meeting the quality requirements of subsection 1116.2a. and subsection 1116.2e.(2).

unknown characteristics of new sources or changes in existing sources, provide fine aggregates that comply with the following: • Mortar Strength (KTMR-26). Compressive strength when combined with Type III (high early strength) cement: • At age 24 hours, minimum ............ ........................................................ 100%*  At age 72 hours, minimum ........................................................ 100%* *Compared to strengths of specimens of the same proportions, consiste ncy, cement and standard 20-30 Ottawa sand.  Organic Impurities (AASHTO T 21). The color of the supernatant liquid is equal to or lighter than the reference standard solution.

approved by the Engineer that will provid e a combined aggregate gradation meeting subsection 1116.2b. TABLE 1116-3: GRADING REQUIREMENTS FOR COARSE AGGREGATES Type Composition Percent Retained - Square Mesh Sieves 1 ½″ 1″ ¾ ″ ½ ″ 3/8 ″ No. 4 No. 8 No. 30 CPA-1 Crushed Gravel or Crushed Stone 0 0-10 14-35 - 50-75 - 95-100 - CPA-3 Crushed Gravel or Crushed Stone - - 0 0-35 30-70 75-100 95-100 - CPA-4 Crushed Gravel or Crushed Stone - 0 0-20 - - - 95-100 - – AGGREGATES FOR ON GRADE CONCRETE TABLE 1116-4: GRADING REQUIREMENTS FOR FINE AGGREGATES FOR CONCRETE Type Percent Retained-Square Mesh Sieves ⅜" No. 4 No. 8 No. 16 No. 30 No. 50 No. 100 No. 200 FA-A 0 0-10 0-27 15-55 40-77 70-93 90-100 98-100

 Type FA-A: Maximum allowed deleterious substances by weight are:  Coal (AASHTO T113)............................................................... 0.5%  Sticks (wet) (KT-35) ................................................................. 0.1%  Sum of all deleterious ................................................................ 0.5%

 Mortar strength and Organic Impurities. If the DME determines it is necessary, because of unknown characteristics of new sources or changes in existing sources, provide aggregates for mortar sand, Type FA-M that comply with the following:  Mortar Strength (KTMR-26). Compressive strength when combined with Type III (high early strength) cement:  At age 24 hours, minimum ................................................. 100%*  At age 72 hours, minimum ................................................. 100%* * Compared to strengths of specimens of the sa me proportions, consistency, cement and standard

20-30Ottawa sand

 Organic Impurities (AASHTO T 21). The color of the supernatant liquid is equal to or lighter than the reference standard solution.

 Size Requirements. Provide aggregates for mo rtar sand, Type FA-M that comply with TABLE 1116-5. TABLE 1116-5: GRADING REQUIREMENTS FOR MORTAR SAND Type Percent Retained - Square Mesh Sieves No. 4 No. 8 No. 16 No. 30 No. 50 No. 100 No. 200 Gradation Factor FA-M 0 0-2 0-30 20-50 50-75 90-100 98-100 1.70-2.50  Deleterious Substances. Maximum allowed deleterious substances by weight are:  Clay lumps and friable material (KT-7) ..................................... 1.0%  Coal (AASHTO T 113).............................................................. 0.5%  Sticks (wet) (KT-35) .................................................................. 0.1%  Sum of all deleterious ................................................................ 1.5%

raw material combined with FA-A that meets subsection 1102.2c. – AGGREGATES FOR ON GRADE CONCRETE

 Soundness, minimum (KTMR-21) ................................................... 0.90  Loss on Ignition ................................................................................ 5%

 Size Requirements. Provide modified light weight aggregates that comply with TABLE 1116-6. TABLE 1116-6: GRADING REQUIREMENTS FOR MODIFIED LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATES Type Percent Retained - Square Mesh Sieves ¾" ½" ⅜" No. 4 No. 8 No. 16 Grade 1 0 0-10 30-60 85-100 95-100 Grade 2 0-2 0-30 20-50 50-75 90-100  Deleterious Substances.  Organic Impurities (AASHTO T 21). The color of the supernatant liquid is equal to or lighter than the reference standard solution.  Unit Weight (dry, loose weight) (max.) ............................................ 1890 lbs/cu yd

lightweight aggregate and FA-A proportioned as shown in the Contract Documents can not exceed 0.07%.

to procedure listed in Part V, Section 5.10.5-Fin eness Modulus of Aggregates (Gradation Factor) before delivery, or from the first 10 samples tested and accepted. Provide aggregate that is within 0.20 of the average fineness modulus.

aggregate to Construction and Materials for approval prior to use.

 Stockpile accepted aggregates in layers 3 to 5 feet thick. Berm each laye r so that aggregates do not "cone" down into lower layers.  Keep aggregates from different sources, with different gradings or with a significantly different specific gravity separated.  Transport aggregate in a manner that promotes uniform gradation.  Do not use aggregates that have become mixed with earth or foreign material.  Stockpile or bin all washed aggregate produced or handled by hydraulic methods for 12 hours

provided the car bodies permit free drainage.  Provide additional stockpiling or binning in cases of high or non-uniform moisture.

1116.3TEST METHODS

Test aggregates according to the applicable provisions of SECTION 1115.

1116.4PREQUALIFICATION

Aggregates for concrete must be prequalified according to subsection 1101.4.

1116.5BASIS OF ACCEPTANCE

The Engineer will accept ag gregates for concrete based on the prequalification required by this specification and subsection 1101.5.