SECTION 816 WOVEN-WIRE FENCING MATERIALS
816.01 DESCRIPTION. This section covers the materials for use in construction of
woven-wire fences.
816.02 GENERAL. Galvanize all ferrous materials used in a complete installation of
fence, except aluminum coated fabric, aluminum coated posts and braces, or aluminum coated barbed wire. Galvanize all iron and steel hardware according to AASHTO M 232. Galvanize other components as designated. Where it is not practical to secure a specimen of measurable area or uniform thickness for determining the weight of zinc coating, ensure that all such galvanizing withstands 4 dips of the Preece Test as set out in ASTM A 239. Ensure that post caps and socket type brace connections are galvanized malleable iron, or other approved type, and designed to exclude moisture from inside posts or rails.
816.03 WOVEN WIRE FABRIC. Ensure that the woven wire fabric is either zinc-
coated steel or aluminum-coated steel. Provide the size and style of fabric specified in the Contract. Use zinc-coated steel fabric that conforms to ASTM A 116 and that has a Class 3 coating. Use aluminum-coated steel fabric that conforms to ASTM A 116.
816.04 BARBED WIRE. Use either zinc-coated steel, aluminum-coated steel, or
aluminum alloy. Use barbs of 4-point pattern spaced at intervals of 5 inches. The wire for barbs may be either round or half-round.
816.04.01 Zinc-Coated Steel. Conform to ASTM A 121. Use size 0.099-inch
diameter or heavier with Class 3 coating. The Department will allow high tensile strength barbed wire provided it conforms to ASTM A 121, and the following exceptions: (1) nominal diameter of 0.067 inch for the coated line wires and 0.057 inch for the coated barbs; (2) minimum weight of zinc coating of 0.75 ounces per square foot for line wires and 0.70 ounces per square foot for barbs; and (3) minimum tensile strength of 475 pounds for each individual strand of the line wire.
816.04.02 Aluminum-Coated Steel. Use either Type I or Type II conforming to
ASTM A 121. Use size 0.099 inch diameter or heavier.
816.04.03 Aluminum Alloy. Use 2 strands of 0.110 inch nominal diameter or heavier
wire strands having minimum tensile strength of 42,000 psi, minimum yield strength of 35,000 psi and minimum elongation of 10 percent.
816.05 BRACE WIRE. Conform to ASTM A 824 except provide a minimum weight of
coating of 0.6 ounce per square foot. Use size 0.148-inch nominal diameter or larger.
816.06 FABRIC TIES. Use either a minimum 0.109-inch nominal diameter galvanized
steel conforming to ASTM F 626, except ensure that the minimum weight of coating is 0.6 ounces per square foot, or 0.148-inch nominal diameter aluminum alloy.
816.07 Fence Posts and Braces.
816.07.01 Steel Posts and Braces. Conform to ASTM F 1043, ASTM F 1083, and
the Standard Drawings. When the Contract specifies a thermoplastic acrylic coating, apply a chromate conversion coating at the manufacturer’s recommended rate. Ensure that the coating is designed for pretreatment of galvanized coatings. After pretreating, electrostatically apply the thermoplastic acrylic coating with a minimum dry film thickness of 0.3 mils. 816-1
816.07.02 Stud T Post . Conform to ASTM A 702.
816.07.03 Wood Posts and Braces. Treat wood fence posts and braces with
preservative and ensure that they are made of timber cut from live, sound, standing trees. Ensure that round or half-round posts and bra ces are preservative treated according to and are of the species covered by AWPA U1, Section B, Paragraph 4.1. Ensure that sawed posts and braces are preservative treated according to and are of the species covered by AWPA C 2 for “Soil or Fresh Water Exposure”. Use posts that are round, half-round, or square-sawed. Ensure that wood for fence posts is sound and free from decay, excessive knots, seasoning checks, and end splits that will affe ct serviceability. The Department will allow sound knots, provided the width of the knot does not exceed one-third the diameter of a round post at the point where it occurs, or one-third the width of any face of a sawed post, or a maximum of 2 1/2 inches. The Department will reject wood with season checks that penetrate more than one-third of the diameter of the piece or which have a width of more than 1/4 inch. Use round posts and half-round posts that are free of multiple crooks. The Department will allow crooks in one plane only, provided that a straight line between the centers of the butt and tip does not deviate more than 2 inches from the center of the post at any point. Ensure that crooks in square-sawed pos ts do not exceed one inch in 5 feet. Cleanly peel round posts and remove all bark. Strips of inner bark that are less than 1/2 inch wide and 3 inches long may remain on the peeled post. Trim all protruding knots flush with the sides and remove all spurs and splinters. In machine peeling operations, follow the natural taper of round posts. Manuf acture half-round posts by sawing in half the round posts complying with the above manufacturing methods. Square cut the ends of all posts unless the Engineer allows driving. When driving is specified or allowed, point the butt end befo re receiving preservative treatment. Do not allow the length of the point to exceed 1.5 times the diameter or width of face, as applicable.
A.Line Posts. Use line posts with a length of 7 feet and a minus one-inch tolerance. Use line posts that are either round, ha lf-round, or square-saw ed; however, furnish the same type section for all line posts throughout the project. Ensure that round posts have a minimum diameter of 4 inches. Ensure that half-round posts have a minimum face of 6 inches and a minimum radius of 2 3/4 inches. Cut square-sawed posts to 4-inch by 4-inch, ± 1/8 inch.
B.End, Corner, Gate, Brace, and Pull Posts. Do not use lengths less than 8 feet. Use either round or square-sawed posts; however, furnish the same type section for all of these types throughout the project. Ensure that round posts have a minimum diameter of 8 inches. Cut square-sawed posts to 8-inch by 8-inch, ± 1/8 inch.
C.Braces. Conform to all requirements for line posts, except use braces that are either round or square-sawed and furnish them in the lengths specified in the Plans.
816.07.04 Untreated Wood Posts. Furnish untreated wood posts of Osage-Orange,
Black Locust, Red Cedar, White Oak, or of other approved species, and ensure that posts conform to all applicable requirements of Subsection 816.07.03. Use untreated wood posts only when specified in the Contract.
816.08 GATES. Fabricate gate frames to the size and dimensions specified in the
Contract. Ensure that pipe used in frames conforms to Subsection 816.07.01. Weld or otherwise construct all joints to fo rm a rigid and water-tight frame. Furnish all gates complete with approved hinges, latches, and auxiliary braces as required. Fit gate frames with a fabric that conforms to the same requirements as the corresponding fence. The Department may approve the use of gates fabricated of other materials. 816-2 SECTION 817 CHAIN LINK FENCING MATERIALS
817.01 DESCRIPTION. This section covers materials for use in the construction of
fences of chain link fabric. The Department will allow 3 optional types of fabric; zinc- coated steel, aluminum-coated steel, or al uminum alloy (Type I, II, or III fabric, respectively). Use vinyl coated fabric (Type IV) only when specified in the Contract.
817.02 REQUIREMENTS. Conform to AASHTO M 181 for all materials except steel
posts and barbed wire.
817.02.01 Fabric. Use 0.148-inch nominal diameter wire woven in 2-inch mesh. Coat
Type I fabric to conform to Class D. Furnish fabric for fences 4 feet and 6 feet high that has the top selvages knuckled and bottom selvage knuckled or twisted and barbed. Furnish fabric for fences 8 feet high or higher with both top and bottom selvages twisted and barbed.
817.02.02 Barbed Wire. Conform to Subsection 816.04.
817.02.03 Post Caps and Socket Type Brace Connections. Use galvanized
malleable iron, or other approved type, design ed to exclude moisture from inside posts and rails.
817.02.04 Posts, Rails, Gate Frames and Expansion Sleeves. With zinc-coated steel
fabric or with aluminum-coated steel fabric, use either zinc-coated steel or zinc-acrylic coated steel. With aluminum alloy fabric, use aluminum alloy. Furnish steel posts that comply with Subsection 816.07.01.
817.02.05 Fabric Ties. Use either a minimum 0.148-inch nominal diameter aluminum
alloy or 0.120-inch nominal diameter galvanized steel.
817.02.06 Hog Rings and Tension Wire. With zinc-coated steel fabric or with
aluminum-coated steel fabric use zinc-coated steel wire or aluminum-coated steel wire. Ensure that steel ties and wire conform to ASTM F 626, except that the minimum weight of coating is 0.6 ounces per square foot. With aluminum alloy fabric, use aluminum alloy wire.
817.02.07 Miscellaneous Fittings and Hardware. With zinc-coated steel fabric or
with aluminum-coated steel fabric use zinc-coa ted steel. With aluminum alloy fabric, use aluminum alloy. 817-1
Source: Kentucky Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 602–603 of 718.