SECTION 827 EROSION CONTROL MATERIALS
827.01 DESCRIPTION. This section covers the requirements for various materials used
for erosion control.
827.02 AGRICULTURAL LIMESTONE. Conform to the requirements and provisions
of the Kentucky Department of Agriculture. The Department of Agriculture furnishes a test report and any required weight penalties to each agricultural limestone producer. Furnish the Engineer with a copy of the test report, curr ent within 9 months, as the basis of approval. The Engineer may sample any agricultural l imestone that appears to be of questionable quality upon visual inspection.
827.03 FERTILIZER. Provide commercial fertilizer that complies with the Kentucky
Fertilizer Law, and contains the plant nutrien ts of nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, and soluble potash as specified in the Contract. Ensure that bagged fertilizer displays the following information on the bag or on a sticker or tag attached to the bag:
1.Net Weight
2.Brand and Grade
3.Guaranteed Analysis
4.Name and Address of Manufacturer Ensure that the manufacturer includes a statement with the bulk fertilizer (dry or liquid) that contains the same information required for the bagged fertilizer. Provide either bagged or bulk (dry or liquid) fertilizer manufactured and sold under the jurisdiction of the Division of Regulatory Services of the University of Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. The Department must sample, test, and approve any other fertilizer prior to its use.
827.04 SEED. Conform to the requirements outlined in the . “Kentucky Seed Law and
Provisions for Seed Certification in Kentucky” and the “Regulations under the Kentucky Seed Law”, with following exceptions:
1.Obtain seed only through registered dealers that are permitted for labeling of seed.
2.Ensure all deliveries and shipments of premixed seed are accompanied with a master blend sheet.
3.Ensure all bags and containers have an acceptable seed tag attached.
4.The Department may sample the seed at the job site at any time. 827-1 Do not use seed (grasses, native grasses, and legumes) if the weed seed is over one percent, total germination (including hard seed) is less than 80 percent, if the seed test date is over 9 months old exclusive of the month tested, or if the limits of noxious weed seed is exceeded. Ensure that noxious weed seeds contained in any seed or seed mixture does not exceed the maximum permitted rate of occurrence per pound. REQUIREMENTS FOR SEEDS Purit y Germination Hard Seed (Min. %) (Min. %) (Max. %) Including Allowed Hard Seed and in Dormant Seed Germination Grasses Bent grass (Argrostic palustris ) 98 85 - Bermudagrass, common (Cynodon dactylon) 97 85 - Bluegrass, Kentucky (Poa pratensis) 98 85 - Brome, smooth (Bromus inermis) 95 80 - Canarygrass, reed (Phalaris arundinacea) 95 80 - Fescue, chewings (Festuca rubra var. commutata) 97 85 - Fescue, hard (Festuca trachyphlla) 97 85 - Fescue, meadow (Festuca elatior) 97 85 - Fescue, red (Festuca rubra) 97 85 - Fescue, tall (Festuca arundinacca) 97 85 - Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) 97 85 - Redtop (Agrostic alba) 95 80 - Ryegrass, annual, common or Italia n (Lotium multiflorum) 97 85 - Ryegrass, perennial (Lolium perenne) 97 85 - Lovegrass, Weeping (Eragrostic curvula) 96 80 - Oat (Avena Sativa) 98 85 - Rye (Secale cereale) 98 85 - Timothy (Phleum pratense) 98 85 - Wheat, common (Triticum aestivum) 98 85 - Legumes Alfalfa (Medica go sativa ) 98 85 25 Clover, alsike (Trifolium hybridum) 97 85 25 Clover, ladino (Trifolium repens) 98 85 25 Clover, white (Trifolium repens) 98 85 25 Crownvetch (Coronilla varia) 97 85 25 Lespedeza, Korean (Lespedeza stipulacea) 97 85 20 Lespedeza, Sericea (Lespedeza cuneata) 97 85 20 Sweetclover, white (Melilotus alba) 98 85 25 Sweetclover, yellow (Melilotus officinalis) 98 85 25 Partridge Pea (Cassia fasciculate) 97 85 20 Trefoil, birdsfoot (Lotus corniculatus) 97 85 25 Native Grasses Little Bluestem (Schizach yrium sco parium ) 85 80 - Big Blustem (Andropogon gerardii) 85 80 - Indian Grass (Sorghastrum nutans) 85 80 - Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) 85 80 - 827-2 Max. No. Seeds Kind of Noxious Weed (per pound)* Balloon Vine (Cardiospermum halicacabum) 0 Purple Moonflower (Ipomoea turbinata) 0 Canada Thistle (Cirsium Arvense) 0 Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense and Sorghum almum and perennial rhizomatous derivatives of these species) 0 Quackgrass (Elytrigia Repens) 0 Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) 120 Buckhorn Plantain (Plantago lanceolata) 120 Corncockle (Agrostemma githago) 18 Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) 18 Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberii) 18 Oxeye Daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum) 120 Sorrel (Rumex acetosella) 120 Wild Onion and Wild Garlic (Allium spp.) 18 * Seed or seed mixtures that contain in excess of 120 total noxious seeds per pound is prohibited Wildflower seed shall not be planted until approved by the Engineer.
827.05 MULCH MATERIALS. Use material for mulching that is baled wheat, oat,
barley, or rye straw, or excelsior wood fibers. Ensure that mulch material is reasonably free from weed seeds, stolons, foreign matter, or chaff, and does not contain any Johnson Grass, Canada Thistle, Quack Grass, or Nodding Thistle. Ensure that the mulch material is reasonably bright in color and not musty, moldy, or otherwise of low quality, and does not contain chemicals toxic to plant growth. Use excelsior wood fibers that consist of fi bers cut from sound green timber. Ensure that the cut is made in a manner to provide maximum strength of fiber, but is at a slight angle to the natural grain of the wood so as to cause splintering of the fiber when weathering occurs. Use fibers with the following approximate physical properties: width 0.02 to 0.04 inch, thickness 0.02 to 0.04 inch, and length 4 to 6 inches.
827.06 ASPHALT MATERIALS FOR MULCH. . Use either SS-1 or SS-1h
conforming to Section 806 except that the Department may waive retesting as provided by Subsection 806.04. The Engineer may reject aspha lt materials that fail to disperse properly or otherwise fail to provide satisfactory results.
827.07 EROSION CONTROL BLANKET. Use a blanket from the Department’s List
of Approved Materials. Use a machine constructed curled wood fiber mat with two-sided netting. Ensure the blanket is smolder resistant without the use of chemical additives.
A.Dimensions. Furnish in strips with a minimum width of 4 feet and length of 50 feet.
B.Weight. Ensure a minimum mass per unit area of 7.25 ounces per square yard according to ASTM D 6475.
C.Fill. Ensure the fill is evenly distributed throughout the blanket. Use curled wood fiber of consistent thickness with at least 80 percent of its fibers 6 inches or longer in length.
D.Netting. Use photodegradable extruded plastic mesh or netting, with a maximum spacing width of one inch square, on both sides of the blanket. Secure the netting by stitching or other method to ensure the blanket retains its integrity.
E.Staples. Use steel wire U-shaped staples with a minimum diameter of 0.09 inches (11 gauge), a minimum width of one inch, and a minimum length of 6 inches. Use 827-3 a heavier gauge when working in rocky or clay soils and longer lengths in sandy soils. Provide staples with colored tops when requested by the Engineer.
F.Performance.
1.C-Factor. Ensure the ratio of soil loss from protected slope to ratio of soil loss from unprotected is ≤ 0.15 for a slope of 3:1 when tested according to ASTM D 7101 (2-inch/hour for 30 minutes).
2.Shear Stress. Ensure the blanket can sustain a minimum shear stress of 1.75 pounds per square foot without physical damage or excess erosion (> 0.5 inches soil loss) when tested according to ASTM D 7207.
827.08 Temporary Silt Fence.
A.Posts. Use either hardwood or steel greater than 4 feet in height. For hardwood, provide a minimum 1 1/2-inch by 1 1/2-inch cross section that is straight enough to provide a fence without noticeable misalignment. For steel, provide a 1 1/4- inch by one-inch T-section with projections to fasten wire and fabric in position.
B.Woven or Welded Wire Fabric. Conform to Section 816 or 811. Provide fabric with a minimum height of 2 feet 8 inches. Require at least 6 horizontal wires spaced 6 1/4 inches or closer with the top and bottom wires 0.134 inch or larger and all other wires 0.1 inch or larger. Require 0.1 inch or larg er vertical wires spaced 12 inches or closer.
C.Geotextile Fabric. Conform to AASHTO M 288 for temporary silt fence. Provide fabric with a height of 3 feet.
D.Fasteners. Use No. 9, one inch long wire staples and/or fabric ties that conform to Subsection 816.06.
827.09 NETTING AND STAPLES. Conform to the Standard Drawings and the Plans.
The Engineer may accept netting and staples on the basis of visual inspection.
827.10 TOPSOIL. Topsoil is the portion of the soil profile defined technically as the
“A” horizon by the Soil Science Society of Ameri ca. Use loose, friable, topsoil that is free of stones 1 inch or greater in overall dimensions , admixture of subsoil, refuse, stumps, roots, brush, weeds, and other material that prevent the formation of a suitable seed bed. Before stripping the topsoil, inspect for existing vegetation. Do not use topsoil from sites having Johnson Grass, Canada Thistl e, Quack Grass, Nodding Thistle, or excessive amounts of other noxious weeds, or their rhizomes. The Department will sample the soil and determine the textural classification according to the US Department of Agriculture system, the particle size according to KM 64-519, the orga nic content according to KM 64-243, and the pH according to ASTM D 4972. Acceptable topsoil composition is: Clay 40% maximum Silt 70% maximum Sand 60% maximum Organic Material 2% minimum, 10% maximum pH 6.0 minimum, 7.0 maximum
827.11 SOD. Use sod that is either well-rooted Ke ntucky Bluegrass or Tall Fescue sod.
However, obtain the Engineer’s approval prior to using Tall Fescue sod in residential areas. Use sod that is completely free from noxious weeds and reasonably free from other objectionable grasses and weeds and stones or other foreign materials detrimental to the development and future maintenance of the sod. Obtain sod from sources that are covered with grass having a maximum height of 3 inches. Obtain approval of the selected source prior to cutting. 827-4 SECTION 828 MASONRY COATING MATERIALS
828.01 DESCRIPTION. This section covers requirements for materials to be used as
surface finishes for designated surfaces of cement concrete structures. The masonry coatings must hide form marks, patches, and other minor irregularities and prevent deterioration, spalling, and other damage to the concrete due to the action of the weather and deicing chemicals.
828.02 APPROVAL. Select masonry coatings from the Department’s List of Approved
Materials. Use a material that is readily rec ognizable by its name, trademark, container, or other feature. Conform to the Department’s testing criteria to be placed on or remain on the Department’s List of Approved Materials. For initial approval submit representative samples, color chip (see Subsection
828.02 05), and duplicate copies of certified test reports to the Division of Materials for
review and approval. An independent testing laboratory acceptable to the Department shall perform the tests described herein on representative samples of the material. Tests listed herein are the minimum testing requirements to be met. When requested in writing, the Engineer may accept materials based on conformance to the same type of test but differing on minor procedural points. Attach copies of test procedures which differ from those stated herein. In addition to the material, provide brochures or booklets containing detailed instructions and explanatory remarks about surface preparation, application procedures, and other pertinent operations. The Department will allow masonry coating, on those areas designated to receive masonry coating to serve as a curing membrane, provided water retention requirements of ASTM C309 are met, the product technical literature permits its use as a curing membrane, and the product is so identified on the List of Approved Materials. The Department will continue to include the masonry coatings on the list contingent upon receiving an annual certification containing the following information:
1.A statement that the masonry coating to be furnished during the particular calendar year is of the same composition as that previously approved for inclusion on the approved list.
2.A statement that the masonry coating conforms to the appropriate requirements of the Kentucky Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction.
3.A statement that notification will be made to the Division of Materials of any changes in composition for review and approval before furnishing the material to projects.
828.02.01 Freeze-Thaw Test. Cast and cure 3 concrete specimens no less than 4 by
4 by 6 inches. Moist cure specimens for 14 days and then dry in room air at 60 to 80 F for 24 hours before applying masonry coating. Ensure that there is no excessive oil on specimen forms. Coat sides of specimens (brush permi tted) according to the manufacturer’s directions at a rate of 50 10 square feet per gallon and cure at room temperature for 48 hours; after which:
1.Immerse in water at room temperature 60 to 80 F for 3 hours and remove.
2.Place in cold storage at -15 F for one hour and remove.
3.Thaw at room temperature 60 to 80 F for one hour.
4.Repeat steps 1), 2), and 3) to complete a to tal of 50 cycles. At the end of 50 cycles of the Freeze-Thaw Test, ensure that the coated specimens shows no visible defects.
828.02.02 Accelerated Weathering. Test according to ASTM D 822. Apply at an
application rate of 50 10 square feet per gallon. Test for 335 hours in an Atlas Type XW Sunshine Arc Weatherometer or for 500 hours in an Atlas Type DMC Enclosed Violet 828-1
Source: Kentucky Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 619–622 of 718.