1005Aggregate for Concrete

1005.1 Scope. This specification covers aggregate to be used for concrete construction.

1005.2 Coarse Aggregate.

1005.2.1 All coarse aggregate for concrete shall consist of sound, durable rock, free from objectionable coatings

and frozen and cemented lumps. The percentage of deleterious substances shall not exceed the following values, and the sum of percentages of all deleterious substances, exclusive of the material passing No. 200 sieve (Gradations D and E), and thin or elongated materials, shall not exceed 6.0 percent. For crushed stone, the percentage of wear shall not exceed 50 when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 96. Deleterious Material Percent by Weight Deleterious Rock 6.0 Shale 1.0 Chert in Limestone 4.0 Other Foreign Material 0.5 Material Passing No. 200 Sieve Gradations D & E 2.5a Thin or Elongated 5.0 a Value may be raised to 3.0 percent, providing the material passing the #200 sieve in the fine aggregate is less than or equal to 1.0 percent.

1005.2.1 1 The above requirements shall apply to each size or fraction of aggregate produced.

1005.2.1 2 Crushed stone shall be obtained from rock of uniform quality. Rock tested for initial approval, source

samples, and production samples shall meet the requirements below. The absorption and soundness test results may be waived provided a durability factor of 80 percent or higher is achieved. Concrete pavement aggregate approval will be based on maximum aggregate size produced that meets durability requirements. Test Methodc Concrete Masonry Aggregate Concrete Pavement Aggregate Los Angeles Abrasion, AASHTO T 96, percent loss, max.a 50 50 Absorption, AASHTO T 85, percent, max.a 3.5 2.0 Soundness, MoDOT Test Method TM 14, percent loss, max.a 18.0 16.0 Durability Factor, AASHTO T 161 Procedure B, percent, min. N/A 75 Micro Deval, AASHTO T327, percent loss, max.a N/A Value of the First Source Approval +5.0b Reactivity, MoDOT Test Method TM 93 passes passes a Evaluated every year. b When the Micro-Deval percent abrasion loss is 5.0 higher or more than the Micro-Deval abrasion loss of the first source approval, new T 161 B and TM-93 tests are required. c The engineer may require additional testing based on variable test results.

1005.2.1 3 All tests in 1005.2.1.2 shall be run for each source approval. The absorption, durability factor, and

TM-93 test results may be waived for concrete pavement approval by the State Construction and Materials Engineer provided sufficient evidence of field performance is submitted. The aggregate producer or contractor, shall provide the following to the State Construction and Materials Engineer prior to any consideration of waiver of test requirements:

1005.2.1 4 Gravel shall be washed and shall be in accordance with the criteria below for initial approval. Source

approval and production samples shall also meet the following criteria: Property Value Los Angeles Abrasion, AASHTO T 96, percent loss, max. 45 Absorption, AASHTO T 85, percent, max. 4.5 Soundness, MoDOT Test Method TM 14, percent loss, max. 18.0

1005.2.1 5 The engineer reserves the right to use additional test methods, such as ASTM C25,

ASTM C1105, ASTM C1260, or other appropriate tests, to measure the soundness and durability of aggregate for use in concrete when deemed necessary.

1005.2.2 Coarse aggregate for concrete pavement or base course shall be crushed stone or porphyry.

1005.2.3 Grade F Aggregate. Coarse aggregate for Portland cement concrete pavement, base and approach

slabs for bridges that is not produced from the Burlington, Keokuk, Cedar Valley (formerly Callaway) or Warsaw limestone formations, which is obtained from sources in the following areas shall have a maximum top size of ¾ inch:

1005.2.4 Grade F shall be obtained from rock of uniform quality. Rock tested for initial approval, source

samples, and production samples, shall meet the requirements below. The absorption, soundness, and bulk specific gravity test results may be waived provided a durability factor of 80 percent or higher is achieved. Property Value Los Angeles Abrasion, AASHTO T 96, percent loss, max. 50 Absorption, AASHTO T 85, percent, max. 1.5 Soundness, MoDOT TM 14, percent loss, max. 10.0 Bulk Specific Gravity, AASHTO T 85, min. 2.58 Durability Factor, AASHTO T 161 Procedure B, percent, min: 75a a Approval will be based on maximum aggregate size produced that meets durability requirements.

1005.2.5 Coarse aggregate for concrete for structures, except as specified in Sec 1005.2.6, may be gravel or

crushed stone. Coarse aggregate for Class B, B-1, B-2, MB-2 or Seal concrete shall be in accordance with either Gradation D or E. Coarse aggregate for Class A-1 concrete shall be in accordance with Gradation E. Gradation D Percent by Weight Passing 1-inch sieve 100 Passing 3/4-inch sieve 85-100 Passing 3/8-inch sieve 15-55 Passing No. 4 sieve 0-10 Gradation E Percent by Weight Passing 3/4-inch sieve 100 Passing 1/2-inch sieve 70-100 Passing 3/8-inch sieve 30-70 Passing No. 4 sieve 0-20 Passing No. 8 sieve 0-6

1005.2.6 Coarse aggregate for ornamental concrete shall be crushed stone in accordance with Sec 1005.2.5,

Gradation E. However, the use of coarse aggregate containing more than 2 percent chert will not be permitted.

1005.3 Fine Aggregate.

1005.3.1 Fine aggregate for concrete shall be a fine granular material naturally produced by the disintegration of

rock of a siliceous nature, or shall be manufactured from an approved limestone or dolomite source as defined in Sec 1005.2. By specific approval from the engineer, chat sand produced from flint chat in the Joplin area or fines manufactured from igneous rock or chert gravel may be used. Fine aggregate shall be free from cemented or conglomerated lumps and shall not have any coating of injurious material. The percentage of deleterious substances shall not exceed the following values: Deleterious Material Percent by Weight Clay Lumps and Shale 0.25 Coal and Lignite 0.50 Total Lightweight Particles, Including Coal and Lignite 0.50 Material Passing No. 200 Sieve

1005.3.2 The total lightweight particle requirement will not apply to angular chert sand or manufactured sand.

1005.3.3 Fine aggregate shall produce a mortar having a seven-day compressive strength of at least 90 percent

of a control mortar developed at the same proportions, using standard Ottawa sand. Tests shall be performed in accordance with AASHTO T 106. Cement used in the tests shall be Type I, in accordance with Sec 1019. AASHTO T 106 may be waived provided the fine aggregate produces a glass color standard lighter than Organic Platte No. 3, in accordance with AASHTO T 21.

1005.3.4 Fine aggregate for ornamental concrete shall be free from coal and lignite material when tested in

accordance with AASHTO T 113.

1005.3.5 All fine aggregate for PCCM shall meet the following gradation requirements:

Sieve Percent by Weight Passing 3/8-inch sieve 100 Passing No. 4 sieve 95-100 Passing No. 8 sieve 70-100 Passing No. 16 sieve 45-90 Passing No. 30 sieve 15-65 Passing No. 50 sieve 5-30 Passing No. 100 sieve 0-10

1005.4 Lightweight Aggregate.

1005.4.1 Lightweight aggregates shall be prepared by expanding, calcining, or sintering argillaceous material

such as clay, shales, and slates.

1005.4.2 Grading The grading shall be uniform and conform to the requirements given in Table I.

1005.4.3 Unit Weight. The unit weight of lightweight aggregates shall not exceed the following:

Dry, Loose Weight, Max. lb/cu ft Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate

1005.4.3 1 Uniformity of Weight. If the unit weight of any shipment of lightweight aggregate when tested in

accordance with AASHTO T 19 is found to vary by more than 10 percent from that of the sample submitted for source approval, the aggregate shipment may be rejected.

1005.4.4 Soundness. When tested in accordance with AASHTO T 104, the loss of lightweight fine or coarse

aggregate in 5 cycles of the accelerated soundness test shall not exceed 8 percent if sodium sulfate is used or 10 percent if magnesium sulfate is used.

1005.4.5 Drying Shrinkage. The drying shrinkage of concrete specimens prepared and tested in accordance

with AASHTO M 195, shall not exceed 0.07 percent.

1005.4.6 Sampling. Samples of fine and coarse aggregate shall be furnished by the contractor for source

approval. Other samples shall be taken from shipments at intervals specified by the engineer. Table I Grading Requirements for Lightweight Aggregate Percent Passing Sieve Sizes Grade Size 1 1/2" 1" 3/4" 1/2" 3/8" No. 4 No. 8No. 16No. 50No. 100 Fine Aggregate No. 4 to 0 --- --- --- --- 100 85-100 --- 40-80 10-35 5-20 Coarse Aggregate 1 1" to 1/2" 100 90-100 20-55 0-10 0-5 --- --- --- --- --- 2 1" to No. 4 100 95-100 --- 25-60 --- 0-10 0-5 --- --- --- 3 3/4" to No. 4 --- 100 90-100 --- 20-55 0-10 0-5 --- --- --- 4 1/2" to No. 4 --- --- 100 90-100 40-70 0-15 0-5 --- --- --- 5 3/8" to No. 8 --- --- --- 100 85-100 10-30 0-10 0-5 --- ---