Section 229 Section 229 locations shown on the plans in reasonably close conformity with the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer.
229.02 Materials. Erosion mats shall be UV stabilized mat constructed of plastics,
composites, polymers, rubber, precast concrete , or cast-in-place concrete. Erosion mats will be used as an erosion preventer for ditches, slopes, and other locations shown on the plans. Erosion mats shall be one from the Department’s APL. The mat shall be visually inspected and appr oved by the Engineer prior to use. Once approved by the Engineer, the mat may be incorporated into the work.
229.03 Construction Requirements. Erosion mats shall be installed in accordance
with the plans and manufacturer's guidelines including any underlayment. The anchor system shall be sufficient to anchor the mat to the ground surface. The installation area shall be graded to a level, smooth surface to avoid water concentration and to create an appropriate base for the erosio n mat. Seed and fertilizer shall be placed on the prepared surface prior to the installation of the erosion mat.
229.04 Measurement. Erosion Mat will be measured by the square yard.
If required, seed and fertilizer will be meas ured and paid under their appropriate pay items. 229.05--Basis of Payment. Erosion Mat, measured as pres cribed above, will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard, which price shall be full compensation for all labor, materials, tools, equipment, underlayment, anchor system, concrete, and all incidentals necessary to complete the work. Payment will be made under: 229-A: Erosion Mat - per square yard SECTION 230 - TREE AND SHRUB PLANTING
230.01 Description . Tree and shrub planting consists of furnishing, delivering, planting
and establishing trees and shrubs of the type s, species, and sizes indicated in accordance with these specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the locations shown on the plans or as directed.
230.02 Materials .
230.02.1 Quality of Plant Materials . Unless otherwise specified, all trees and shrubs
shall be nursery grown stock, strong, healthy, clean, well grown, and free from damage, insects, diseases, or rodents. They shall be root pruned and typical of the species. They shall possess a healthy, normal, and fibrous root system of sufficient size to ensure plant growth. The branch system shall be of normal development and reasonably free from broken terminal growth or other objectionable disfigurements. Trees shall have reasonably straight stems, shall be well branched and symmetri cal in accordance with their natural habits of growth, and shall be approved by a representative of the Department.
230.02.2 Plant Names . All scientific and common plant names shall conform to the
"Standardized Plant Names" of the American Committee on Horticulture sponsored by the American Association of Nurserymen (AAN), current at the time of bid. All plant materials used shall be true to names and legibly tagged with name and size of material. There shall be no substitution for the kinds or sizes specified except by prior approval in writing by the Engineer.
230.02.3 Grading Standards . Grading of plants shall co nform to the specifications for
horticulture standards as adopted by the AAN, and current at the time of bid.
230.02.4 Nursery Inspection and Plant Quarantine . All shipments of plants shall
comply with all nursery inspection and plant qu arantine regulations of the State of origin and destination, as well as with federal regulations governing the interstate movement of nursery stock. A valid copy of the certificate of inspection shall accompany each package, box, bale, or car load lot delivered.
230.02.5 Balled and Burlapped (B&B) Plants . Plants to be balled and burlapped shall
be dug so as to retain as many fibrous roots as possible, and shall come from soil that will form a firm ball. The soil in the ball shall be the original and undisturbed soil in which the plant has been grown. The plant shall be dug, wrapped, transported, and handled so that the soil in the ball will not be loosened sufficiently to cause stripping of the small and fine feeder roots or to cause the soil to drop away from cont act with the roots.
230.02.6 Container Grown (CG) Plants . Container grown plants shall be well-rooted
and established in the containers in which they are sold. An established container grown plant shall be a plant transplanted into a cont ainer and grown in that container sufficiently long for new fibrous roots to have developed so that the root mass will retain its shape and hold together when removed from the container. The container shall be sufficiently rigid to hold the ball shape protecting the root mass during shipping and handling.
230.02.7 Inspection . All plant materials are subject to inspection at any time during the
life of the contract by an authorized representative of the Department. Inspections before or during planting operations, however, shall not be construed as final acceptance of the plants involved.
230.02.8 Paint or Tree Wound Dressing . Paint required for cut surfaces shall be an
asphalt base paint prepared especially for tree surgery and shall be approved before being used. 230.02.9--Collected Stock . Whenever "collected" stock is specified in connection with a species or variety, the stock shall not be nursery grown, but shall have been grown under natural conditions at the location from which it is acquired. If approved, collected stock may be obtained from areas no longer under cultivation as nursery stock.
230.02.10 Wrapping Material . The wrapping material sh all be approved tree trunk
wrapping paper. The tying material to be used in wrapping trees shall be jute twine or other tying materials approved by the Engineer.
230.02.11 Water . The water applied as specified here in shall meet the requirements of
Subsection 714.01.5. 230.02.12--Topsoil . Topsoil used for backfilling shall meet the requirements of Subsection 715.01. 230.02.13--Fertilizers . Fertilizers shall meet the requirements of Subsection 715.08.
230.02.14 Mulch . Mulch shall meet the requirements of Subsection 715.07.
230.02.15 Bed Edging. Bed edging shall be steel edging, 3/16-inch by 4-inch in size,
green in color with steel stakes. The Contr actor shall submit a sample of the bed edging to the Engineer and receive approv al prior to delivery to the site.
230.03 Construction Requirements .
230.03.1 Collected Plants . The Contractor shall notify th e Engineer at least 24 hours in
advance of digging local plants. These plants shall meet the requirements of the contract.
230.03.2 Digging of Plants . All plants, nursery grown or collected, shall be dug with
care and skill immediately before shipping. Care shall be taken to avoid all possible injury to the plants or loss or damage to the roots. Particular care shall be given to the fibrous roots. After plants are dug, their roots shall not be permitted to dry out. If necessary to prevent drying out, they shall be puddled immediately upon digging. Dug plants shall not be exposed to artific ial heat or to fr eezing temperatures.
230.03.3 Care and Handling of Plants . Unless otherwise allowed by the Engineer, all
plants with bare roots that are not planted within four hours after delivery to the project shall be "heeled-in" in a moist soil. The roots of "B&B" plants and container grow n plants that are not planted within four hours upon delivery shall be adequately protected by a covering of soil, sand, sawdust, etc. and kept moist. All heeled-in plants shall be properly maintained by the Contractor until planted. When plants are delivered in boxes, wrapped bundles, or other forms of closed packages, the packages shall be opened immediately afte r delivery and the plants inspected and dampened if necessary. While plants with bare roots are being transported to and from heeling-in beds, or being distributed for planting, the roots shall be protected from drying out by means of wet canvas, burlap, straw or by other approved methods.
230.03.4 Seasonal Limitations . Trees and shrubs shall be planted during the period
specified in the plans. When soil and weathe r conditions are adverse to proper planting, the planting operations shall be suspended.
230.03.5 Excavation of Plant Holes . Plant hole excavation sha ll be roughly cylindrical
in shape with the sides approximately vertical. Plants shall be centered in the holes with the trunk locations as shown on the plans. The soil on the sides and in the bottom shall be loosened by scarifying or other approved methods. Holes for bare-root plants shall be at leas t six inches larger than the maximum root spread. Holes for B&B, and CG plants shall be large enough to allow at least six inches of backfill below and around the earth ball. When a tree spade is used, the plant hole and the earth ball shall be approximately equal in size.
230.03.6 Pruning . Before the plant is placed in the plant hole, bruised or broken parts
of minor roots shall be cut off in a satisfactory manner. The tops of all plants shall be properly pruned, either before or immediately after planting. Pruning shall consist of thinning out and/or heading back of stems and top branches as may be necessary according to generally accepted horticultural practices and according to the shape, size, an d condition of the individual plant. All cut surfaces one inch or more in diameter shall be painted with an approved asphalt base tree paint.
230.03.7 Planting, Backfilling and Watering . The plant shall be placed in the
prepared plant hole at the proper position in regard to depth, alignment, final grade of the surrounding ground, and vertical placement of the trunk, and this position shall be maintained during subsequent backfilling and water operations. Unless otherwise specified or directed, plants shall stand, at the time of completion of planting operations, at the same depth as they stood in the nursery, container or field. Plant pits are plant bed areas that are bound all around by bed edging and/or paving, or as noted on the drawings. Bed preparation shall be required within plant pits, which shall consist of stripping the proposed bed area of existing grass or plant material, unless designated to remain; removal and disposal of existing soil in order that finished grade of bed, not including surface mulc h, is no higher than surr ounding grades/pavement edges unless noted otherwise on the drawings; spreading a 4-inch layer of Tree Bark Mulch, Type III throughout the area, and tilling in the Tree Bark Mulch, Type III to a depth of six inches uniformly throughout the area; and excavating plant holes. The entire bed area shall receive Tree Bark Mulch, Type V, as a surface mulch. Within plant pits, additional Tree Bark Mu lch, Type III for each tree, shrub and groundcover plant hole is not necessary beyond the uniform layer of application tilled into the soil as noted on the vegetation sche dule. Within each tree and shrub plant hole within a plant pit, backfill with a 50/50 mix of existing soil amended with Type III mulch and topsoil. Groundcover plant holes do not require any other backfill material other than the amended existing soil with Type III mulch incorporated. Backfill for tree and shrub plant holes outside of plant pits shall be a 50/50 mix of existing soil and topsoil, after applying the 4- inch layer of Tree Bark Mulch, Type III.
230.03.7 1--Plants with Bare Roots . With the plant in its proper position, the plant hole
shall be carefully filled to within one-half to two-thirds its capacity with topsoil. The topsoil shall be carefully pl aced, worked around the roots, and firmed so as to avoid bruising or breaking the roots. When this partial backfilling and firming has been completed, the soil in the plant hole shall be saturated with water. The remainder of the topsoil backfill shall then be placed, firmed, and brought to an approved moisture content. The top few inches of soil may be allowed to remain loose. When deemed necessary, water rings shall be constructed of suitable firmed earth six inches high to encompass the plant hole for the purpose of retaining water.
230.03.7 2--Balled and Burlapped Plants . The plant shall be handled by the ball and
placed in the hole in such a manner that the soil will not be loosened from the roots. After the hole has been partially backfilled and the topsoil firmed under and around the ball, the burlap shall be cut away from the stem of the plant. The hole shall then be saturated with water to the elevation of the top of the topsoil. Backfilling and firming shall then be completed in a manner to avoid loosening the soil of the root ball. Water shall then be applied as for bare root plants, and water rings shall be constructed as deemed necessary.
230.03.7 3--Container Grown Plants . Immediately prior to placing the plant in the
hole, the container shall be removed so as not to disturb the ball of soil that contains the root system. The planting procedure shall be as specified above for balled and burlapped plants.
230.03.7 4--Tree Spade Plants . When specified or permitted, a tree spade may be used
in digging plant holes and planting. This me thod of planting shall be in accordance with good horticultural practices meeting the approval of the Engineer.
230.03.8 Fertilizer . Fertilizer shall be the types and shall be applied at the rates and in
the manner specified. The fertilizer shall be applied during backfilling operations in a manner that will ensure proper placement of the fertilizer and avoid injury to the roots.
230.03.9 Mulching . Mulch shall be the types and shall be applied at the rates specified
as a top layer on the backfilled plant hole. 230.03.10--Wrapping . The trunks of smooth-barked trees shall be wrapped with an approved material prepared es pecially for tree wrapping. Wrapping shall begin two inches below the ground line and continue upward to the lower-most branches, and shall be firmly placed and securely fastened in a manner that will not injure the trunk of the tree.
230.03.11 Staking and Guying . All trees shall be staked or guyed at the time of
planting. Trees larger than two-inch ca liper shall be guyed from at least three points with double strands of 12-gauge wire. Guy wires shall be anchored to 2-inch by 2-inch by 18-inch stakes driven to the extent that the top of th e stake is at approximat ely three inches above the finish ground. Tie wires shall be securely fastened to the tree by means of a collar of rubber hose or other approved material. Guy wires shall be tightened and kept tight by twisting. Trees, 2-inch and smaller caliper, may be guyed as specified above or staked with two stakes, 2-inch by 2-inch minimum, set 18 inch es in the ground. Th e tree shall be midway between the stakes and held firmly in pl ace by two strands of 12-gauge, soft wire enclosed in rubber hose or other approved covering. The wire shall then be nailed or stapled to the stakes to prevent slippage.
230.03.12 Surplus Excavation . Surplus excavated material from plant holes shall be
disposed of by scattering or as directed. All debris and other objectionable material shall be removed from the site and the area cl eaned up and left in neat condition.
230.03.13 Restoration of Plants . At the earliest possible time at the end the growing
season, the Contractor shall replace at no additional cost to the Department all dead, damaged, or missing plants.
230.03.14 Plant Establishment .
230.03.14 1--General . The Contractor shall use good ho rticultural practices to keep all
plants installed in a healthy condition until final inspection for release of maintenance.
230.03.14 2--Weed and Grass Control . The area around planted trees and shrubs shall
be maintained reasonably free of weeds and grass within a minimum radius of two feet from each plant trunk or the entire plant pit or bed. Wher e practicable to effectively accomplish this work without removal of the mulc h, removal will not be required. If it is necessary to remove the mulch to effe ctively accomplish this work, removal and replacement shall be performed at no additional cost to the Department. Weed and grass control shall be performed during the time intervals specified on the plans.
230.03.14 3--Watering . Water necessary to thoroughly wet the roots of all trees and
shrubs shall be applied in accordance with the provisions shown on the plans.
230.03.14 4--Fertilization . Each tree or shrub shall be fertilized with the types of
fertilizer, at the rates, and during the periods shown on the plans.
230.03.14 5--Mulching . Mulch material shall be repositioned, supplemented, or replaced
as required during the period shown on the plans.
230.03.14 6--Pruning. All trees and shrubs shall be properly pruned with approved pruning shears. Pruning shall consist of removing all dead or diseased wood and new
growth as necessary to maintain natural shape of the plants. Pruning shall be during the periods specified on the plans. The Contractor shall be fully responsible for protection, preservation, and maintenance of all plantings until final inspection for release of maintenance.
230.03.14 7--Inspection of Plants . Inspection of planted trees and shrubs will be made
by the Engineer at the end of the growing s eason. Determinations will be made by the Engineer of the survival of each size and type of plant. The Engineer will either require replacement of dead, defective, or missing pl ants, or not require replacement at certain locations.
230.03.14 8--Rep lacement of Plants . The Contractor may be directed by the Engineer
to replace certain dead, defective, or missing plants. Replacement plants shall be made at the earliest practicable time during the planting season and growing season. All replacement plantings shall be in accordance with the requirements a pplicable to initial planting.
230.03.14 9--Non-Replacement of Plants. Certain plants found to be dead, defective, or missing may be ordered removed and not replaced if non-re placement would not
adversely affect the planting design.
230.03.14 10--Plant Establishment Period . The plant establish pe riod (growing season)
shall begin upon the date that the Engineer determines plant material installation has been acceptably completed, includin g staking/guying and mulching , and continues through the time noted below. Date of Installation Completion Growing Season August 2nd to November 1st 240 Calendar Days November 2nd to January 1st 180 Calendar Days January 2nd to May 1st 120 Calendar Days May 2nd to August 1st 90 Calendar Days Where feasible in the opinion of the Engineer, the Contractor may install plant material well in advance of project completion, in order that the plant establishment period may run concurrent with the contract time. All d ead and unsatisfactory plant material shall be replaced after the growing seas on. No additional growing s eason will be required after the initial growing season. However, no matter what date the growing season concluded, the Contractor will be required to maintain healthy plants until final inspection of the entire project. No contract time or liquidated damages will be charged during the plant establishment period if, and only if, all items of work on the project have been completed.
230.04 Method of Measurement . Trees and shrubs, in pl ace, undamaged and healthy
at the time of final inspection, will be meas ured per each for each species, size, and type specified. Furnishing, installation, staking or guying, weed and grass control, pruning, removal of dead and defective trees and shrubs or missing trees and shrubs will not be measured for separate payment. Topsoil used for backfilling initial plantings only will be measured and paid for under Section 211. Fertilizer ordered and acceptably used will be measured and paid for under Section 232. Mulch ordered and placed in accordance with the requirements of these specifications will be measured and paid for under Section 233. Water ordered and acceptably used will be m easured and paid for under Section 219. Bed edging, complete in place and accepte d, will be measured per linear foot. Excavation, backfilling, and miscellaneous f ittings will not be measured for separate payment. Bed preparation within plant pits, complete in place and accepted, will be measured per square foot. Stripping of existing vegetation, excavation of existing soil, and weeding will not be measured for separate payment. Tree Bark Mulch will be measured and paid for in accordance with Subsection 233.04. Construction of water rings, haul and disposal of surplus or unsuitable excavation, and other plant establishment work required in the contract shall be considered incidental to tree or shrub planting and will not be measured for separate payment. Measurement for payment will be made in the following sequence: When plants have been planted and are in a healthy condition in accordance with the contract, seventy-five percent (75%) of the bid price for that species of plant material meeting the requirements of the contract will be allowed. When the inspection of plants at the end of the growing season has been conducted and the replacement of any dead or unsatisfactory plant material has been made, ninety percent (90%) of the bid price for that species of plant material meeting the requirements of the contract will be allowed. When the final inspection of the project has been conducted and the replacement of any dead or unsatisfactory plant material has been made and upon final release of maintenance, one-hundred percent (100%) of the bid price will be allowed for plant material meeting the requirements of the contract.
230.05 Basis of Payment . Accepted quantities of scrubs and trees of the specified
species, size, and type will be paid for at the contract unit price per each, which price shall be full compensation for completing the work. Accepted quantities for bed edging and bed prep aration will be paid for at the contract unit price per linear foot and square foot, respectively. Prices paid shall be full compensation for co mpleting the work. Payment will be made under: 230-A: Shrub Planting, Designation - per each 230-B: Tree Planting, Designation - per each 230-C: Bed Edging - per linear foot 230-D: Bed Preparation - per square foot SECTION 231 - TREE SEEDLING PLANTING
231.01 Description . Tree seedling consists of furnishing, delivering and planting tree
seedlings of the species, type and size indica ted, in accordance with these specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the locations shown on the plans or directed.