SECTION 320 - SHOULDERS
320.01 Description. This work consists of constructing the shoulder portion of courses
specified to be constructed; the shaping, compacting, finishing, and surfacing, if required, of the shoulder portion of the work in reasonably close conformity with the required lines, grades, and cross sections; and the construction and establishment of erosion control items specified for the shoulder portion of the work. All work shall conform to the sequence and timing indicated herein and to the other applicable requirements of the contract. This work shall also include preservation from injury or damage to and repair and reconstruction of, if necessary, underlying courses and other elements of the pavement structure. Except as otherwise specified, c onstruction of shoulders shall also include reshaping, finishing, and mowing of cut ditches, foreslopes, and upper embankment slopes adjacent to shoulders. Areas to receive this work shall include the areas between the finished shoulder line and the same elevati on at the back of the ditch in cut sections and the areas on fill slopes between the finished shoulder line and a line 12 feet horizontally outside the finished shoulder lin e. Similar areas in the median portion of divided highways shall also be reshaped and finished.
320.02 Materials. Materials used in constructing shoulders shall meet the applicable
requirements of Division 700.
320.03 Construction Requirements.
320.03.1 Preparation of Grade . Before beginning each course of shoulder
construction, the foundation shall be prepared in accordance with Section 321.
320.03.2 Construction Details. Except as otherwise specified, the construction of each
course of the shoulders shall be in accorda nce with controlling requirements for bases constructed of like material. Shoulder construction shall begin at the earliest practicable time and proceed in the proper sequence with contiguous base or pavement construction. Each designated course for shoulders shall be constructed to the es tablished lines, grades, and cross sections within tolerances allowable under Section 321 and shall be firm and stable; reference is made to Subsection 321.03. Determination of acceptance of compaction of shoulders for required density will be performed on a lot to lot basis. Each lot will consist of each day's operation per layer placed, with a maximum lot length of 10,000 linear feet. The lot will be divided into five approximately equal sublots with one density test taken at random in each sublot. The lot average and each single density test shall conform to the required density. The required density for the shoulder portion of any layer or course shall be the same as for the adjacent (internal) portion of the layer or course when constructed of the same material. The required density for the shoulder portion of any layer or course where the adjacent (internal) portion is of unlike material shall be as follows:
Shoulders in other states
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