10-59 Facility Plant ID Number r eplaces the xx. Numbering scheme must be approved by the
Materials and Tests Unit.
D.RFID inlay The inlay shall be Alien Higgs 3 or comparable UHF passive inlay with a f requency range of 860-960 MHz .
E.Read Range The RFID t ag/label shall have a minimum read range of 18 feet with a reader at 30 dBm. 1032 -1 CORRUGATED METAL CULVERT PIPE Use corrugated metal culvert pipe that is NCDOT approved , found on the Department ’s producer/supplier list that participate in the Department’ s Brand Registration program for metal culvert pipe. The producer/supplier must be current with the applicable AASHTO Product Evaluation & Audit Solutions workplan to remain on the NCDOT producer/supplier list. The Department will remove a manufacturer of metal culvert pipe from this program if the monitoring efforts indicated that non -specification material is being provided or test procedures are not bei ng followed. The following types of steel and aluminum alloy pipe and all associated accessories may be accepted under this program.
A.Coated corrugated metal culvert pipe and pipe arches ,
B.Coated corrugated metal end sections, coupling band and other accesso ries,
C.Corrugated aluminum alloy structural plate pipe and pipe arches ,
D.Corrugated aluminum alloy end sections, coupling band and other accessories , and Field joints for each type of corrugated steel pipe or corrugated aluminum pipe shall maintain pipe alig nment during construction and prevent infiltration of fill material during the life of the installation. Coupling bands may be of the following types: bands with annular corrugations; bands with helical corrugations; bands with projections (dimples); channel bands for upturned flanges, with or without annular corrugations; flat bands; and smooth sleeve -type couplers. Coupling bands shall be installed in accordance with details in plans and/or in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations. Corrugated metal pipe , pipe arches and coupling bands shall conform to AASHTO M 196 for Corrugated Aluminum Pipe, AASHTO M 36 for Galvanized Corrugated Steel Pipe, AASHTO M 36 for Aluminized Coated Corrugated Steel Pipe. Aluminum and aluminized pipe shall have a barrier coat applied to the faying surfaces and edges of those components coming into contact with concrete. Surface preparation and barrier coat paint systems are found in the Thermal Spray Coatings (Metallization) Program . 1032 -2 CORRUGATED ALUMINUM ALLOY CULVERT PIPE
A.Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Culvert Pipe and Pipe Arch Corrugated aluminum alloy culvert pipe and corrugated aluminum alloy pipe arch culvert shall meet AASHTO M 196 , except that Type IA and Type IIA pipe will not be permitted. When elongated pipe is called for by the contract, use pipe that is shop formed to provide for a 5% vertical elongation.
1.Coupling Bands
a.Use corrugated coupling bands except as otherwise provided below.
10-60 (b) A hugger type corrugated band having one annular corrugation at each outside
edge of the band will be acceptable.
c.Coupling bands with projections (dimples) may be used where it is necessary to join new pipe to existing pipe having helical corrugations at the joint locations. The bands shall be formed with projections in annular rows with one projection for each corrugation of helical pipe. Use an approved sealer with this type of coupling band. Coupling bands with proj ections (dimples) may be used for circumferential pipe, heliacal pipe, or a combination of both.
d.Fasten coupling bands on the ends with at least two 1/2 inch bolts.
e.Annular corrugated bands shall have a minimum width of 10 1/2 inches where 2 2/3 inches x 1/2 inch corrugations are used.
B.Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Pipe Tees and Elbows Corrugated aluminum alloy pipe and corrugated aluminum alloy pipe arch tees and elbows shall meet all applicable requirements of AASHTO M 196.
C.Acceptance Acceptance by the Engine er of corrugated aluminum alloy culvert pipe and corrugated aluminum alloy pipe arch culvert and its accessories will be based on, but not limited to, visual inspections, classification requirements and check samples taken from material delivered to the pr oject and conformance to the annual Brand Registration. 1032 -3 CORRUGATED STEEL CULVERT PIPE
A.Corrugated Steel Culvert Pipe and Pipe Arch Corrugated steel culvert pipe and pipe arch shall meet AASHTO M 36 with the following exceptions:
1.Coupling Bands
a.Use corrugated coupling bands except as otherwise provided below.
b.A hugger type corrugated band having one annular corrugation at each outside edge of the band will be acceptable.
c.Coupling bands with projections (dimples) may be used where it is necessary to join new pipe to existing pipe having helical corrugations at the joint locations. The bands shall be formed with projections in annular rows with one projection for each corru gation of helical pipe. Use an approved sealer with this type of coupling band. Coupling bands with projections may be used for circumferential pipe, heliacal pipe, or a combination of both.
d.Fasten coupling bands on the ends with at least two 1/2 inch bolts.
e.Annular corrugated bands shall have a minimum width of 10 1/2 inches where 2 2/3 inches x 1/2 inch corrugations are used.
2.Corrugations Where 1/4 inch deep corrugations are permitted by AASHTO M 36, the maximum pitch of the corrugations shall be 1 7/8 inches . Where 3 inches x 1 inch corrugations are required, the Contractor will be permitted to use 5 inches x 1 inch corrugations. Pipe with helical corru gations shall have rerolled ends with at least 2 annual corrugations at each end.
10-61 (3) Elongated Pipe
When elongated pipe is called for by the contract, use pipe that is shop formed to provide for a 5% vertical elongation.
4.Lifting Straps The pipe may be furnished either with or without lifting straps for handling. Attach the lifting straps by bolting or by welding. Bolt holes for attaching the straps shall be a smooth hole that is either punched or drilled. No burning of holes will be permitted. Design the l ifting straps so the holes can be plugged to prevent infiltration of backfill material. Design the placement of lifting straps to ensure the pipe is equally supported along its axis.
5.Coating Repair Repair shall be in accordance with Section 1076 -7.
6.Type IA and Type IIA Pipe Type IA and Type IIA pipe will not be permitted.
7.Aluminized Pipe Aluminized pipe shall meet all requirements herein except that the pipe and coupling bands shall be fabricated from aluminum coated steel sheet meeting AASHTO M 274.
8.Marking Requirements Pipe sections and special attachments for pipe 60 inches or larger diameter pipe shall be alphanumerically match -marked at the plant site before shipping. There may be additional markings as required by the Department ’s Brand Certific ation Program.
B.Prefabricated Corrugated Steel Pipe End Sections Corrugated steel end sections shall be in accordance with the details shown in the plan s and Subarticle 1032 -3(A). Repair end sections on which the spelter coating has been bruised or broken either in the shop or in shipping in accordance with AASHTO M 36.
C.Corrugated Steel Pipe Tees and Elbows Corrugated steel tees and elbows shall be in accordance with Subarticle 1032- 3(A).
D.Corrugated Steel Eccentric Reducers Corrugated steel eccentric reducers shall be in accordance with Subarticle 1032- 3(A) and the additional requirements shown below. Construct the eccentric reducer so the invert or flow line from the large pipe through the reducer and into the small pipe is a continuous straight line. Make the reducer from the same thickness corrugated metals as the large diameter pipe. The reducing section may be riveted or welded.
E.Acceptance Acceptance by the Engineer of corrugated steel culvert pipe and its accessories will be based on, but not limited to, visual inspections, classification requirements and check samples taken from material delivered to the project and conformance to the annual Brand Registration. The reducing section shall reduce in diameter no more than 3 inches in 24 inches of length. Rivet or weld a 24 inches long constant diameter stub to each end of the reducing section 42 to form the complete reducer.
10-62 Have the completed reducer show careful, finished workmanship in all particulars. Repair
reducers on which the spelter coatin g has been bruised or broken either in the shop or in shipping in accordance with AASHTO M 36. Reducers that show defective workmanship will be rejected by the Engineer . The following defects are evidence of poor workmanship, and the presence of any of t hem in any individual reducer will constitute sufficient cause for rejection:
1.Not meeting required dimensions ,
2.Not of the specified shape ,
3.Uneven laps ,
4.Ragged or diagonal sheared edges ,
5.Loose, unevenly lined or spaced rivets ,
6.Poorly formed rivet heads ,
7.Lack of rigidity ,
8.Dents or bends in the metal itself ,
9.Uneven welds , or
10.Gaps in welds. 1032 -4 POLYPROPYLENE CULVERT PIPE
A.General Use polypropylene pipe that is NCDOT approved as found on the Departments producer/supplier list and participating in the Department’s Polypropylene Pipe QA/QC Program . The producer/supplier must be current with the applicable Product Evaluation & Audit Solutions workplan to remain on the NCDOT produce r/supplier list. The Department will remove a manufacturer of polypropylene pipe from this program if the monitoring efforts indicated that non- specification material is being provided or test procedures are not being followed. Use polypropylene culvert pi pe that meets AASHTO M 330 for Type S or Type D, or ASTM F2881 or ASTM F2764 Double or Triple wall; and has been evaluated by AASHTO Product Evaluation & Audit Solutions . Bell and s pigot joint seals shall meet ASTM F477.
B.End Treatments, Pipe Tees , Elbows, and Couplers End treatments, pipe tees and elbows shall meet AASHTO M 330, Section 7.7, ASTM F2881, Section 7.11, or ASTM F2764, Section 6.6. Couplers , where indicated on the plans , shall meet AASHTO M 330, Section 7.7, ASTM F2881, Section 7.11, or ASTM F2764, Section 6.6.
C.Marking Clearly mark each section of pipe, end section, tee and elbow and other accessories according to the Department’s Polypropylene Pipe QC/QA Program :
1.AASHTO or ASTM Designation
2.The date of manufacture
3.Name or trademark of the manufacturer Clearly apply a Department approved self -adhesive RFID tag/label tagged in accordance with Section 1030 applied in accordance with Subarticle 1030- 2(F). When polypropylene pipe, end sections, tees , elbows and couplers have been inspected the Department will update the RFID tag/label item record as found in the Field Inspection Report (FIR) or NCDOT alternate ID. 1032 -5 WELDED STEEL PIPE FOR DRAINAGE Welded st eel pipe shall meet ASTM A139 for the grade of pipe called for in the plan s.
10-63 Acceptance of welded steel culvert pipe and its accessories will be based on, but not limited to,
visual inspections, classification requirements and check samples taken from material delivered to the project and conformance to the Department ’s welded steel pipe program. 1032 -6 CONCRETE CULVERT PIPE
A.General Use concrete pip e from sources participating in the Department ’s Concrete Pipe QC/QA Program . A list of participating sources is available on the Department’s producer/supplier approved list . The producer/supplier must be current with American Concrete Pipe Association (ACPA ) or National Precast Concrete Association ( NPCA ) audit program to remain on the NCDOT producer/supplier list. The Department will remove a manufacturer of concrete pipe from this program if the monitoring efforts indicated that non- specification material is being provided or testing procedures are not being followed.
B.Reinforced Concrete Culvert Pipe Reinforced concrete culvert pipe shall meet AASHTO M 170 for the class of pipe called for in the plans except as follows:
1.The permissible wall thickness outside of the joint configuration shall not be more than that shown in the design by more than 5% or 3/16 inch, whic hever is greater.
2.The maximum weighted average loss for both fine and coarse aggregates shall be 15% when subjected to 5 cycles of the soundness test.
3.The maximum percentage of wear for coarse aggregates is 55%. The design wall thickness shall be either th e wall thickness shown in AASHTO M 170 for the applicable class and wall or the wall thickness shown in a modified design that has been approved by the Engineer. A wall thickness greater than permitted by the above tolerance will be cause for rejection of the pipe. The circumferential steel in single cage pipe shall not be more than 3 inches from either end of the pipe section excluding the tongue and groove. On double cage pipe, extend one cage into the tongue or groove. Place the other cage so a circu mferential wire shall be not less than 2 inches from the other end of the barrel of the pipe.
C.Precast Concrete Pipe End Sections Precast concrete pipe end sections shall meet AASHTO M 170 and Section 1077 except those requirements pertaining to design. Design concrete pipe end sections in accordance with the plans or with plans prepared by the manufacturer which have been approved by the Engineer. Reinforce all concrete pipe end sections. Use air entrained concrete in pipe end sections with a strength of 3,500 psi when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 22.
D.Concrete Pipe Tees and Elbows Concrete pipe tees and elbows shall meet AASHTO M 170 for the class of pipe tee or elbow called for in the plan s.
E.Marking
1.Clearly etchmark the following information on the outside of each section of pipe, pipe end section, tee and elbow:
a.Pipe class and type of wall if reinforced,
b.The date of manufacture, and
c.Name or trademark of the manufacturer .
10-64 Clearly apply a Department approved self -adhesive RFID t ag/label tagged in accordance
with Section 1030 applied in accordance with Subarticle 1030- 2(F). When concrete pipe and pipe end sections have been inspected the Department will update the RFID tag/label item record as found in the Field Inspection Report (FIR) or NCDOT alternate ID . Failure of as much as 20% of any lot of pipe due to cracks, fractures, variation in alignment or other manufacturing defects will be cause for the rejection of the entire lot. The lots shall be as designated by the manu facturer before inspection. Individual lengths of pipe within the lot which were not specifically rejected but which are considered acceptable by the manufacturer may be removed from the rejected lot and resubmitted for inspection as a separate lot.
F.Joint Materials For connections to precast structures using grout, c ement shall meet Article 1024 -1, sand shall meet Article 1014 -1 for fine aggregate or Article 1040 -7 for mortar sand. Hydrated lime shall meet Article 1040 -6. Flexible plastic joint material s hall meet ASTM C990 for flexible plastic gaskets, except as follows:
1.The flash point, Cleveland Open Cup (C.O.C.) shall be at least 325°F.
2.The fire point, C.O.C. shall be at least 350°F . 1032 -7 CORRUGATED POLYETHYLENE (HDPE) CULVERT PIPE
A.General Use corrugated polyethylene pipe that is NCDOT approved as found on the Department’s producer/supplier list and participating in the Department ’s HDPE Pipe QC/QA Program . The producer/supplier must be current with the applicable AASHTO Product Evaluation & Audit Solutions workplan to re main on the NCDOT producer/supplier list. A list of participating sources is available from the Materials and Tests Unit. The Department will remove a manufacturer of polyethylene pipe from this program if the monitoring efforts indicated that non -specif ication material is being provided or test procedures are not being followed. Use corrugated polyethylene culvert pipe that meets AASHTO M 294 for Type S or Type D and has been evaluated by AASHTO Product Evaluation & Audit Solutions . Bell and spigot joint seals shall meet ASTM F477 .
B.End Treatments, Pipe Tees , Elbows and Couplers End treatments, pipe tees and elbows shall meet AASHTO M 294, Section 7.8. Couplers, where indicated on the plans, shall meet AASHTO M 294, Section 7.8.
C.Marking Clearly mark each section of pipe, end section, tee and elbow and other accessories according to the Department ’s HDPE Pipe QC/QA Program:
1.AASHTO Designation
2.The date of manufacture
3.Name or trademark of the manufacturer Clearly apply a self-adhesive Department approved RFID tag/label tagged in accordance with Section 1030 applied in accordance with Subarticle 1030- 2(F). After p olyethylene pipe, end sections, tees , elbows and couplers have been inspected the Department will update the RFID tag/label item record as found in the Field Inspection Report (FIR) or NCDOT alternate ID .
Source: North Carolina Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures, 2024 Edition. Pages 475–480 of 857.