568STRUCTURAL TIMBER

New Hampshire Department of Transportation Standard Specifications – 2016 Description

1.1This work shall consist of furnishing, fabricating, preparing, assembling, and erecting structural lumber and timber including

the specified paint, preservative, metal parts, and hardware required in conformity with the details shown on the plans or or dered, excluding only those metal parts designated for payment under, or subsidiary to, another item. Materials

2.1Structural lumber and timber shall consist of the species and grade shown on the plans or ordered, graded according to ASTM

D 245. 2.1.1 Round timber for framed bents and bearing piles shall conform to 510.2.1.1.

2.2Timber treatment. Preservative materials, type and method of treatment, and minimum net retention of preservatives shall

conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 133 or as shown on the plans. 2.2.1 Wood to be painted after treatment shall be treated with a water-borne preservative.

2.3Structural shapes, including rods and plates, shall be of structural steel conforming to AASHTO M 183(ASTM A 36).

2.4Castings shall be cast steel or gray iron, as specified.

2.4.1 Steel castings shall conform to AASHTO M 192. Unless otherwise specified, all steel castings shall be Class 485. 2.4.2 Gray iron castings shall conform to AASHTO M 105 (ASTM A 48). Unless otherwise specified, all gray iron castings shall be Class 30.

2.5Hardware.

2.5.1 Bolts and dowels shall be medium steel. Washers shall be ogee, gray or malleable iron castings, or shall be cut from medium steel. 2.5.2 Machine bolts shall have square heads and nuts unless otherwise specified. Nails shall be cut or round wire of standard form. Spikes shall be cut spikes, wire spikes, or boat spikes, as specified. 2.5.3 Unless otherwise specified, except for malleable iron connectors, all hardware, including nails, spikes, bolts, dowels, washers, and lag screws shall be galvanized in conformance with AASH TO M 232 (ASTM A 153) or cadmium plated in conformance with AASHTO M 299 (ASTM B 696).

2.6Paint when required shall be as specified and shall conform to Section 708.

Construction Requirements

3.1Treatment and Inspection.

3.1.1 Framing and boring of treated timbers shall be done before the treatment is applied, except for such timbers subject to variations due to field conditions, as indicated on the plans or directed. 3.1.2 The Contractor shall give ample notice to the Engineer of the beginning of the treatment at the plant so that inspection may be provided. The Contractor shall furnish all facilities for the inspection of material and its treatment. Inspection at the plant is intended as a means of facilitating the work and avoiding error, and it shall be understood that it will not relieve the Contractor of any responsibility in regard to any imperfect material or workmanship and the necessity for replacing the same. The acceptance of any material by the Engineer shall not be a bar to its subsequent rejection if found defective. Rejected materials shall be replaced promptly by the Contractor. 3.1.3 All work of erection shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer, who shall be given all facilities required for a thorough inspection of workmanship. Material and workmanship not previously inspected will be inspected after it is delivered at the site of the work.

3.2Handling and Storage.

3.2.1 Loading, transporting, unloading, and piling of timber or lumber shall be conducted so that it is kept clean and free from injury.

New Hampshire Department of Transportation Standard Specifications – 2016 3.2.2 Lumber and timber shall be stored in piles at the site of the work. Untreated material shall be open-stacked and placed on skids so that it is at least 12” above the ground surface and piled so as to shed water and prevent warping. It shall be protected from the weather by suitable covering when directed. Treated material shall be close- stacked to prevent warping. 3.2.3 All timber shall be carefully handled. Treated timber shall be so handled that there is no breaking of outer fibers or penetrating of the surfaces with tools. Treated timber shall be handled with rope slings without using cant hooks or similar appliances.

3.3Workmanship.

3.3.1 All framing shall be true and exact. Nails and spikes shall be driven to set the heads flush with the surface of the wood unless otherwise directed. Hammer marks in wood surfaces will not be permitted. The workmanship on metal parts shall be as specified in 550.3. 3.3.2 All lumber and timber shall be accurately cut and framed for a close fit with joints bearing evenly over the entire contact surfaces. Mortises shall be true size for their full depths with tenons fitted snugly. Shimming of joints will not be permitted and open joints will not be accepted.

3.4Piles.

3.4.1 Construction requirements for piles shall conform to the pertinent provisions of 510.3 and the following: 3.4.2 The piles in any bent shall be selected so that they are of uniform size. 3.4.3 When a pile is driven out of line, it shall be straightened or replaced before being cut off or braced. Injured piles will not be accepted. Shimming on tops of piles and undue distortion of bracing will not be permitted. 3.4.4 After cutting to receive the caps and before the caps are placed, pile heads shall be treated as follows: 3.4.4.1 The sawed surfaces of treated pile heads shall be covered with 3 applications of an approved preservative meeting the requirements of 2.2. 3.4.4.2 The sawed surfaces of untreated pile heads shall be thoroughly brush coated with 2 applications of an approved preservative meeting the requirements of 2.2. 3.4.5 After being treated as specified above, all pile heads shall be covered with sheet metal of the kind specified on the plans. The edges shall be bent down over the sides of the pile and neatly trimmed.

3.5Framed Bents.

3.5.1 Mud sills shall be firmly and evenly bedded to solid bearing and tamped into place. 3.5.2 Sills, posts, and caps shall have true and even bearings on their supports. 3.5.3 Superstructure stringers shall be sized at bearings and placed so that knots in their edges shall be in the top portions. The joints of stringers, two panels in length, shall be staggered unless otherwise permitted. 3.5.4 Cross-bridging between stringers shall be as shown or ordered. 3.5.5 Wheel guards and railings shall be constructed to true line and grade. They shall be placed in sections not less than 12 ft. in length unless otherwise shown or permitted. 3.5.6 Trusses shall show no irregularities of line when completed. Chords shall be straight and true from end to end in horizontal projection. They shall show a smooth curve through panel joints conforming to the r equired camber in vertical projection.

3.6Connections.

3.6.1 Connections shall be of the types shown or ordered.

3.7Painting.

3.7.1 Rails, rail posts, and other portions of the timber work shown or ordered to be painted shall be given three coats of approved paint. Metal parts, except hardware, shall be given one coat of approved shop paint before erection and two coats of approved field paint after erection.

New Hampshire Department of Transportation Standard Specifications – 2016

Method of Measurement

4.1Structural timber will not be measured, but shall be the thousand foot board measure (MBM) final pay quantity in accordance

with 109.11 for structural timber required as shown on the plans. Basis of Payment

5.1Structural timber is a final pay quantity item and will be paid for at the Contract unit price per MBM complete in place in

accordance with 109.11.

5.2When a quantity for metal parts other than hardware is included in the proposal, such metal parts will be paid for as provided

on the plans.

5.3Bearing piles will be paid for under Section 510.

Pay item and unit: 568. Structural Timber (F) MBM

New Hampshire Department of Transportation Standard Specifications – 2016

Description

This work shall consist of furnishing all materials and constructing masonry of approved stones, laid with or without cement

mortar, as shown on the plans or ordered. Materials

Stone shall be furnished in accordance with Table 570-1.

Table 570-l - Stone for Stone Masonry Finish

Stone

Source

Quality

Dress and Cut Top and Bottom Vertical Face Joints Ashlar approved quarry having the required quantity compact, hard and practically non-absorbent; texture and color as indicated on plans or ordered to exact dimensions fine fine Squared approved quarry having the required quantity compact, hard and practically non-absorbent; texture and color as indicated on plans or ordered roughly squared and to approximate dimensions rough for at least 12” depth rough for at least 9” depth Rubble field, quarry, or rock excavation approved, sound, clean, and free from structural defects unsquared, roughly dressed --- ---

2.1.1 Ashlar and Squared Stone. 2.1.1.1 Stones shall have their edges pitched to a true line with tops and bottoms parallel and cut to lie on their natural beds. The bottom beds shall be the full size of the stone, and hollow beds or overhanging tops will not be permitted. 2.1.1.2 When specified as random or broken-ranged, stone shall have vertical joints unless otherwise indicated on the plans. 2.1.1.3 Size of stone shall be as indicated on the plans. 2.1.1.4 Surface finish shall be as shown on the plans in accordance with the following schedule:

more than 1-1/4”

appearance

2.1.1.5 All stone shall be so finished that no holes or portions of holes will show on surfaces which will be exposed in the finished work.

Cement mortar shall conform to Section 707.

Stone masonry anchors shall be of the shapes and dimensions shown on the plans. The minimum ultimate tensile strength

shall be 42,000 psi. Anchors shall be zinc-coated (galvanized) in accordance with ASTM A 653, coating designation G 90. Construction Requirements

Classification.

3.1.1 Stone masonry shall be classified by pattern: ranged, broken ranged, or random.