SECTION 511 – BULKHEAD, FENDER, AND DOLPHIN SYSTEMS
511.01 Description
Section describes the requirements for constructing bulkhead, fender, and dolphin systems using concrete, steel, timber, or polymer structural members.
511.02 Materials
511.02.01 Materials
Provide materials as specified: Concrete ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 903.03 Structural Precast Concrete ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 904.03 Prestressed Concrete ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 904.04 Structural Steel ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 906.01 Steel Piles ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 906.02 Bolts and Bolting Material ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 908 Coal Tar Epoxy Paint ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 912.01.03 Zinc Coating on Steel ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 912.02.01 Sawn Timber Posts ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 915.01 Timber Bearing Piles................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 915.02 Timber Sheet Piles ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 915.03 Timber for Structures ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 915.04 Timber Treatment ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 915.05 Polymer Structural Members ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 916.01 Provide tie rods, plate washers, turnbuckles, nuts, bolts, washers, and all other hardware in bulkheads made of steel with a dual coating system consisting of zinc coating (galvanizing) and coal tar epoxy paint.
511.02.02 Equipment
Provide equipment as specified: Impact Hammers ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 1004.01 Vibratory Hammers................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 1004.02 Leads and Followers ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 1004.03
511.03 Construction
511.03.01 Sheet Piling and Polymer Structural Members
A.Working Drawings. At least 30 days before beginning work, submit working drawings for approval for steel or concrete sheet piling, composite piles, and polymer structural members.
1.Concrete and Steel Sheet Piling. Include design calculations, member size, member location, and penetration depth.
2.Polymer Structural Members. When using polymer structural members, include the following:
a.Product name and manufacturer as listed in the QPL.
b.Test results demonstrating that materials used in the manufacturing of the polymer structural members are in accordance with AASHTO MP 22. Except thermoplastic used in thermoplastic rectangular and circular structural members reinforced with sold glass fiber -reinforced polymer bars are exempt from the requirements of Sections 4.4.1 and 4.5.1 of AASHTO MP 22-13.
c.The location of any embedded or attached lifting devices and use of pick-up or support points.
d.The location of the roughened surface where skin friction is needed between the pile and the soil.
e.The location of detailing of any splices, shoes, and top of pile connections required.
f.Catalog cuts, manufacturer’s recommendations, schedules, diagrams, performance charts, physical appearance, and other characteristics.
g.Pile driving recommendations, including recommended driving energies.
B.Shipping, Storing, and Handling. Ship, store, and handle components, including fiberglass tubes, protective coatings, and concrete to avoid damage. When pile tips are required, attach to the pile before shipping. Store piles on a minimum of 6 inch wide timber cribbing arranged to support and to maintain straightness within the specified tolerance. Store components so that they may be easily inspected. When storing components, protect from exposure to extreme heat or impact. Only use fabric slings to move composite, timber, and concrete materials.
C.Coating Steel. Apply coal tar epoxy paint immediately after the installation of all connections, except for tie rods that do not have threaded ends. Paint unthread ed tie rods at least 72 hours before installation. Clean galvanized surfaces receiving coal tar epoxy paint according to SSPC-SP 6. Ensure that galvanizing is not damaged during the cleaning process. Blast clean surfaces of sheeting, plates, and wales ac cording to SSPC-SP 6. Coat the surfaces with coal tar epoxy paint as follows:
1.Immediately after blast cleaning, apply 2 coats of coal tar epoxy paint at a maximum coverage rate of 125 square feet per gallon. Ensure that the total dry film thickness of the 2 coats is not less than 16 mils at any point. Apply the coating by brush, roller, or spray. The Contractor may thin the first coat with a maximum of 10 percent of solvent according to the coating manufacturer; however, the Contractor may not thin the second coat. Allow the first coat to thoroughly dry before applying the second coat. Allow the second coat to dry and harden before handling the steel.
2.Clean damaged or rejected areas of coating of foreign or loose material and promptly recoat the area. Remove the loose or damaged coating in the surrounding area, and brush the adjacent surface of the remaining sound film with methyl isobutyl ketone to provide a good bonding surface for the new coats.
3.Allow the top coat to cure for at least 72 hours before driving.
D.Constructing Bulkhead, Fender, and Dolphin Systems. When constructing with timber, drive nails flush with the surface of the wood. Ensure that driving does not cause hammer marks in wood surfaces. Drift sharpen the lower ends of timber sheet piling to wedge against the adjacent timbers. If the tops are battered in driving, leave slightly high and then cut off at the required elevation. After cutting, coat the ends of sheeting members and wales with 2 applications of coal tar epoxy paint. Drive piles as specified in 502.03.03.B. The Contractor may use lighter driving equipment or vibratory pile drivers. Ensure that the completed piling is vertical, in line, driven to the prescribed depth, cut off to a straight line at the shown elevation, and watertight at the joints. Ensure that the polymer structural members are assembled according to manufacturer’s recommendations. All hardware located in whalers must be recessed. Set material accurately to the required levels and lines, with members
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Source: Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2019 (rev. 2022-12-21) Edition. Pages 292–293 of 651. View official source ↗