SCOPE
730.01.01 Materials Covered. This specification covers the quality requirements of traffic beads and reflective
elements for dropping or spraying on pavement markings. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND TESTS
730.02.01 Requirements. Furnish certifications which shall include or have attached specific results of tests
performed for roundness, refractive index, flow characteristics, and gradation. The certifications shall show the quantity and lot number.
a.Glass Beads for Epoxy Paint. The glass spheres shall be colorless, clean, transparent, free from milkiness or excessive air bubbles, and essentially clean from surface scarring or scratching. They shall be spherical in shape and at least 70% shall be true spheres when tested according to ASTM D1155, Procedure A or Microfiche Reader method. The moisture content of the beads shall not exceed 0.01% by mass when tested at 105 ° C (221 °F) for 3 hours. The refractive index of the spheres shall be a minimum of 1.50 as deter mined by the liquid immersion method at 25 °C (77 ° F). The silica content of the glass spheres shall not be less than 60%. The glass spheres shall have the following gradation when tested according to ASTM D1214: Type I Type II Sieve Size % Retained by Mass Sieve Size % Retained by Mass 2.00 mm (No. 10) ............................. 0 850 μm (No. 20) ............................ 0-5 1.70 mm (No. 12) ............................ 0-5 600 μm (No. 30) ............................ 5-20 1.40 mm (No. 14) ........................... 5-20 300 μm (No. 50) ........................... 30-75 1.18 mm (No. 16) .......................... 40-80 180 μm (No. 80) ............................ 9-32 1.00 mm (No. 18) .......................... 10-40 Pan ................................ ...... 0-10 850 μm (No. 20) ............................. 0-5 Pan ................................ ....... 0-2 Glass spheres shall be coated with a silane- type adherence coating to enhance its embedment in, and adherence to, the applied binder film. The coated beads shall emit a yellow -green fluorescence w hen tested by the Dansyl Chloride test procedure. Glass spheres shall be treated with a moisture- proof coating. Glass beads shall show no tendency to absorb moisture in storage and shall remain free of clusters and lumps. They shall flow freely from dispensing equipment at any time when surface and atmospheric conditions are satisfactory for marking operations. The moisture- resistance of the glass sphere shall be determined on the basis of the following test: Place 900 g (2 lb) of spheres in a washed cotton bag, having a thread count of 80 per 1,000 mm2 (50 per in.2) (warp and woof) and immerse the bag in a container of water for 30 seconds. Remove the bag and force excess water from the sample by squeezing the bag. Suspend and allow to drain for two hours at 21 to 22 ° C (70 to 72 ° F). Then mix the sample in the bag shaking thoroughly. Transfer a sample slowly to clean, dry glass funnel having a stem 100 mm (4 in.) in length, with a 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) inside diameter stem entrance opening and a minimum exit opening of 6 mm (1/4 in.). The entire sample shall flow freely through the funnel without stoppage. When first introduced into the funnel, if the sphere clogs, it is permissible to lightly tap the funnel to initiate the flow.
b.Glass Beads for Water borne Paint. The beads shall be transparent, clear colorless glass, smooth and spherically shaped, free of milkiness, pits , or excessive bubbles. The glass beads shall have a minimum of 80% rounds per screen for the two highest sieve quantities. The remaining sieve fractions shall be no less than 75% rounds. Beads shall be tested for roundness using ASTM D1155 or the Microfiche Reader method. 730 TRAFFIC BEADS The gl ass beads shall have no more than 3% angular particles per screen (determined visually). Angular particles are defined as particles with sharp edges. The glass beads shall also conform to Federal Specification TT -B-1325 —Beads (Glass Spheres) Retroreflecti ve. The moisture content of the beads shall not exceed 0.01% by mass when tested at 105 °C (221 ° F) for 3 hours. Apply an embedment coating material to the glass beads during the process of bead manufacture. The embedment coating material shall enhance t he beads embedment properties in waterborne traffic paint. The beads shall be tested for an embedment coating by any approved method using Dansyl Chloride. The glass beads shall have a refractive index of 1.50 minimum as determined by the liquid immersion method (Becke Line Method or equal) at 25 ± 5 ° C (77 ± 9 °F). When tested according to ASTM D1214, the beads delivered shall conform to the following gradation: Sieve Size % Retained by Mass 850 μm (No. 20) ................................ ........................................... 3-10 600 μm (No. 30) ................................ .......................................... 20-40 450 μm (No. 40) ................................ .......................................... 30-50 300 μm (No. 50) ................................ .......................................... 15-35 180 μm (No. 80) ................................ ........................................... 0-10
c.Glass Beads for Polyurea Paint. G lass spheres shall be colorless, clean, transparent, free from milkiness or excessive air bubbles, and essentially clean from surface scarring or scratching. They shall be spherical in shape and at least 70% shall be true spheres when tested according to ASTM D1155, Procedure A or Microfiche Reader method. The refractive index of the spheres shall be a minimum of 1.50 as determined by the liquid immersion method at 25 °C (77 ° F). The moisture content of the beads shall not exceed 0.01% by mass when tested at 105 ° C (221 ° F) for 3 hours. The silica content of the glass spher es shall not be less than 60%. The glass spheres shall have the following gradation when tested according to ASTM D1214: Type I Type II Type III Sieve Size % Retained by Mass Sieve Size % Retained by Mass Sieve Size % Retained by Mass 2.00 mm (No. 10) .............. 0 850 μm (No. 20) ............. 0-5 850 μm (No. 20) ............... 0 1.70 mm (No. 12) ............ 0-5 600 μm (No. 30) ............ 5-20 600 μm (No. 30) ............ 5-25 1.40 mm (No. 14) ........... 5-20 300 μm (No. 50) ........... 30-75 300 μm (No. 50) ........... 40-80 1.18 mm (No. 16) .......... 40-80 180 μm (No. 80) ............ 9-32 150 μm (No. 100) .......... 10-35 1.00 mm (No. 18) .......... 10-40 Pan ..................... 0-10 Pan ...................... 0-5 850 μm (No. 20) ............. 0-5 Pan ...................... 0-2 Glass spheres shall be coated with a silane- type adherence coating to enhance its embedment in, and adherence to, the applied binder film. The coated beads shall emit a yellow -green fluorescence when tested by the Dansyl Chloride test procedure. Glass spheres shall be treated with a moisture- proof coating. Glass beads shall show no tendency to absorb moisture in storage and shall remain free of clusters and lumps. They shall flow freely from dispensing equipment at any time when surface and atmospheric conditions are satisfactory for marking operations. The moisture- resistance of the glass spheres shall be determined on the basis of the following test: Place 900 g (2 lb) of spheres in a washed cotton bag, having a thread count of 80 per 1,000 mm (50 per in.2), warp and woof , and immerse the bag in a container of water for 30 seconds. Remove the bag and force excess water from the sample by squeezing the bag. Suspend and allow to drain for two hours at 21 to 22 ° C (70 to 72 ° F). Then mix the sample in the bag, shaking thoroughly. Slowly transfer a sample to a clean, dry glass funnel having a stem 100 mm (4 in.) in length, with a 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) inside diameter stem entrance opening and a minimum exit opening of 6 mm (1/4 in). The entire sample shall flow freely through the funnel without stoppage. When first introduced into the funnel, if the spheres clog, it is permissible to lightly tap the funnel to initiat e the flow. TRAFFIC BEADS 730
d.Reflective Elements for Polyurea Paint. The bonded core elements shall be composed of a durable core having clear and/or yellow microcrystalline ceramic beads bonded to the core with a durable polymer coating. Microcrystalline ceramic beads bonded to reflective elements shall have a minimum index of refraction of 1.8 when tested using the liquid oil immersion method. A sample of microcrystalline ceramic and glass beads supplied by the manufacturer shall show resistance to corrosion of th eir surface after exposure to a 1% solution, by weight, of sulfuric acid. The 1% acid solution shall be made by adding 5.7 mL of concentrated acid into 1000 mL of distilled water. Take caution to always add the concentrated acid into the water, not the rev erse. The resistance to corrosion of the glass spheres shall be determined on the basis of the following test: Place 10 g of the beads in a 100 mL beaker and cover with 30 to 40 mL of the 1% sulfuric acid solution. Cover the beaker to prevent evaporation and allow the sample to be exposed for 24 hours under these conditions. Then decant the acid solution, rinse the beads with fresh DI water and dry the sample in a 66 °C (150 °F) oven for approximately 15 minutes or until the sample is dry. Microscopic exa mination (20X) shall show no more than 15% of the beads having a formation of a very distinct opaque white (corroded) layer on their entire surface. SECTION 731 ENGINEERING FABRICS SCOPE
731.01.01 Materials Covered. Engineering fabrics shall include pavement reinforcing fabric, geotextile,
geogrid, geomembrane, and any additional fabric types that may be speci fied in the Special Provisions. Furnish engineering fabrics in protective opaque covers capable of protecting the fabric from ultravi olet rays, abrasion, and water. Store t he engineering fabrics in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. If stored outdoors, fabrics shall remain covered and off of the ground. During installation, the fabrics shall not be exposed to ultraviolet rays for more than 14 days. REQUIREMENTS
731.02.01 Certificates. Furnis h a Certificate of Compliance for each type of engineering fabric used on the
project according to Subsection 106.05. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND TESTS
731.03.01 Pavement Reinforcing Fabric. The pavement reinforcing fabric shall be constructed of a
fiberglass/polymer composite and shall conform to the following: PROPERTY TEST METHOD REQUIREMENT Tensile Strength , Each Direction ASTM D6637 100 kN /m (560 lb/in.) Minimum Elongation at Break ASTM D6637 < 5% Melting Point ASTM D276 > 218 °C (> 425 °F) Grid Size , Square — 20-25 mm ( 0.75-1.0 in. )
731.03.02 Geotextile (Class 1). The geotextile shall be nonwoven needle- punched polypropylene fabric and
shall conform to the following: PROPERTY TEST METHOD REQUIREMENT Survivability AASHTO M288 CLASS 1 Permittivity ASTM D4491 ≥ 0.5 sec-1 Apparent Opening Size (AOS) , U.S. Sieve No. ASTM D4751 100 ≤ AOS ≤ 60 Ultraviolet Stability @ 500 hr , Strength Retained ASTM D4355 ≥ 50 %
731.03.03 Geotextile (Class 2). The geotextile shall be n onwoven needle- punched polypropylene fabric and
shall conform to the following: PROPERTY TEST METHOD REQUIREMENT Survivability AASHTO M288 CLASS 2 Permittivity ASTM D4491 ≥ 0.5 sec-1 Apparent Opening Size (AOS) , U.S. Sieve No. ASTM D4751 100 ≤ AOS ≤ 60 Ultraviolet Stability @ 500 hr , Strength Retained ASTM D4355 ≥ 50 %
731.03.04 Geogrid. The geogrid shall be single layered, biaxial, and shall be made of high density polyethylene
or polypropylene . The geogrid shall be manufactured by being extruded, coextruded, or integrally formed and shall conform to the following: PROPERTY TEST METHOD REQUIREMENT Aperture Size Range I.D. Callipered 25-50 mm (1-2 in.) Rib Shape Visual Observation Rectangular or Square Tensile Strength @ 5% Strain, Cross Direction ASTM D6637 11.4 kN/m (780 lb/ft) Minimum Tensile Strength @ 5% Strain, Machine Direction ASTM D6637 19.0 kN/m (1300 lb/ft) Minimum
Source: Nevada Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2014 Edition. Pages 601–604 of 610.