446.01 257 Item Unit Description 443 Cubic Yard Stone matrix asphalt concrete, 12.5mm, (Cubic Meter) PG70 -22M, ( 446) 443 Cubic Yard Stone matrix asphalt concrete, 12.5mm, (Cubic Meter) PG76 -22M, (446) ITEM 446 ASPHALT CON CRETE CORE DENSITY A CCEPTANCE
446.01 Description
446.02 Monitoring
446.03 Reports
446.04 Density Acceptance
446.05 Joints
446.01 Description. This specification describes the acceptance criteria for
asphalt concrete surface and intermediate courses. The Department will base acceptance of the compacted mixture in place on the level of density attained as sampled by the Contractor and analyzed by the Department.
446.02 Monitoring. If there is poor comparison between the Department’s
comparison samples and the Contractor’s quality control tests, the Monitoring Team may at any time disallow acceptance to continue under 446. In this case, accept per 448 and 446. The Department will notify the Contractor in writing to stop production.
446.03 Reports. Submit the Quality Control Report according to 441.11 on the
workday following the production day of the material represented by the report.
446.04 Densit y Acceptance . The requirements of 401.13 do not apply.
However, rollers must fully and satisfactorily provide the required compaction, be mechanically sound, and meet Asphalt industry standards. The Department retains the right to reject the use of rollers which are not in good repair, or are not designed to do the work required. A three -wheel roller according to 401.17 is not required. Obtain ten, 4 -inch cores for the Department to test to determine the in -place density of the compacted mixture as a percen tage of the average QC Maximum Specific Gravity (MSG) for the production day the material was placed. If Department MSG VA tests show poor comparison to the average QC MSG according to 403.06 use Department determined MSG results in the density calculation for each production day. Compact shoulders using the same equipment and procedures as used on the mainline pavement. The requirements of 401.16, except for the last four paragraphs, are waived. Payment for compaction of the completed mainline pavement and ramps is by Lot, based upon the degree to which density is attained. Payment for shoulders depends on the degree to which the density is obtained on the adjacent mainline pavement lane or ramp. However, when a cold longitudinal joint is made between a mainline pavement lane and an adjoining shoulder, payment for the shoulder will be based on the degree to which the density is obtained on the shoulder. 446.04 258 A Lot consists of an area of pavement placed during a production day, including the shoulders. If less tha n 400 tons (400 metric tons) is produced in a production day, then that production day is combined with the next production day into a single Lot. If greater than 250 tons (250 metric tons) and less than 400 tons (400 metric tons) are produced on the last day of production for the project, then the day’s production is a separate Lot. If less than 250 tons (250 metric tons) is produced on the last production day for the project, it is part of the previous Lot for acceptance, provided the previous Lot was pla ced within 3 days; otherwise, it is a separate Lot. Within 48 hours after the pavement is placed, obtain ten cores for each Lot at random locations the Engineer determines. Only obtain core samples in the presence of the Engineer and immediately surrender each core sample to the Engineer for testing. The Engineer will divide a Lot into five equal sublots and calculate two random core locations in each sublot as described below using ODOT TE -217 procedure. Both mainline pavement and ramps will be included in Lot determinations. The Engineer will not give the Contractor random core locations early in the Lot placement. The Engineer will tell the Contractor the method used to determine random locations as noted below before project start and will use the same method for all Lots. Cores will be taken from each lot as follows. Three cores will be taken from cold longitudinal joints (joint cores) and seven cores will be taken from the mat (mat cores). If locations not according to this specification are given, imme diately inform the Engineer. Do not take joint cores from ramp joints. Take joint cores from the first, last and randomly from one of the three remaining sublots. Determine by random number the longitudinal location of the joint core, and which pavement ed ge to be cored when the mat placed has both confined and unconfined edges. Except where notched wedge joints are used, take joint cores such that the core's closest edge is 4 inches (100 mm) from the edge of the mat. Obtain the mat cores from at least twel ve inches away from the longitudinal joint. Locate cores obtained for Contractor quality control (QC sister core) longitudinally from and within four inches (100 mm) of the random core. In addition to the QC sister cores, three extra cores may be taken fro m the first lot of a JMF for testing to correlate density gauges. Do not take additional cores beyond what is noted above unless clearly identified in the Contractor’s QCP. Clearly label all cores with mat locations so that they may be readily identified. Any unlabeled cores may be destroyed by the Department. Notify the Laboratory if any questions arise. Do not store additional cores anywhere (project, in vehicles or at the plant) beyond those required to be taken for testing. Test all Contractor QC cores and maintain records of all tests (core tests and correlated gauge tests) per the QCP. Destroy all cores immediately after testing is complete. Notched Wedge Joints: When notched wedge joint construction is used do not take cores on the sloped face of the wedge before the adjoining lane (matching pass) is placed. Take cores such that the core's closest edge is six inches (150 mm) from the edge of the joint upper notch. When a nine inch or wider wedge joint is used take the core three inches from the upper w edge joint notch. The Department will determine the pay factor for each Lot cored by the pay schedule in Table 446.04 -1 for Lots with three cold longitudinal joint cores and 446.04 259 Table 446.04 -2 for Lots with less than three cold longitudinal joint cores. The Department will verify the MTD if the MSG determination has a deviation from the MTD of less than or equal to 0.020. If the MTD is not verified, establish a new MTD according to the procedures established in 441.09. If less than 10 cores are available for d etermining the mean, OMM will determine disposition of the Lot. Fill core holes by the next workday with asphalt concrete. Before filling, ensure the holes are dry and tack them with asphalt material conforming to 407.02. Properly compact the asphalt concr ete used for filling the hole and leave it flush with the pavement. TABLE 446.04 -1 FOR LOTS WITH 3 COLD JOINT CORES Mean of Cores [1] Pay Factor Surface Course Intermediate Course 98.0% or greater [2] [2] 97.0 to 97.9% 0.94 [2] 96.0 to 96.9% 1.00 0.94 93.4 to 95.9% 1.04 [4] 1.00 92.4 to 93.3% 1.00 1.00 91.4 to 92.3% 0.98 1.00 90.4 to 91.3% 0.90 0.94 89.4 to 90.3% 0.80 0.88 88.4 to 89.3% [3] [3] Less than 88.4% [2] [2] [1] Mean of cores as percent of average MSG for the production day. [2] For surface courses, remove and replace. For other courses, the District will determine whether the material may remain in place. If the District determines the course should be removed and replaced, the Contractor will remove and replace this course and all c ourses paved on this course. The pay factor for material allowed to remain in place is 0.60. [3] The District will determine whether the material may remain in place. If the District determines the course should be removed and replaced, the Contractor will remove and replace this course and all courses paved on this course. The pay factor for such material allowed to remain in place is 0.70. [4] No incentive will be paid if any single cold joint core is less than 91.0%. 446.05 260 TABLE 446.04 -2 FOR LOTS WITH LESS THAN 3 COLD JOINT CO RES Mean of Cores [1] Pay Factor Surface Course Intermediate Course 98.0% or greater [2] [2] 97.0 to 97.9% 0.94 [2] 96.0 to 96.9% 1.00 0.94 94.0 to 95.9% 1.04 [4] 1.00 93.0 to 93.9% 1.00 1.00 92.0 to 92.9% 0.98 1.00 91.0 to 91.9% 0.90 0.94 90.0 to 90.9% 0.80 0.88 89.0 to 89.9% [3] [3] Less than 89.0% [2] [2] [1] Mean of cores as percent of average MSG for the production day. [2] For surface courses, remove and replace. For other courses, the District will determine whether the material may remain in place. If the District determines the course should be removed and replaced, the Contractor will remove and replace this course and all courses paved on this course. The pay factor for material allowed to remain in place is 0.60. [3] The District will determine whether the material may remain in place. If the District determines the course should be removed and replaced, the Contractor will remove and replace this course and all courses paved on this course. The pay factor for such material allowed to remain in place is 0.70. [4] No incentive will be paid for lots where 3 joint cores are required to be taken but less than 3 cores are taken.
446.05 Joints. Construct joints according to 401.17. Make a hot longitudinal
joint between the mainline pavement lane and the adjoining shoulder and all ramps and the adjoining shoulders. If a hot longitudinal joint is specified between the mainline pavement lanes, the Contractor may construct a cold longitudinal joint between the mainl ine pavement lanes and the adjoining shoulders. Cold longitudinal joints in mainline pavement will be tested according to 446.04. ITEM 447 ASPHALT CONCRETE MAT AND JOINT CORE DENS ITY ACCEPTANCE
447.01 Description
447.02 Monitoring
447.03 Reports
447.04 Compaction and Core Procedures
447.05 Mat Density Acceptance
447.06 Joint Density Acceptance
447.07 Joint Construction
447.01 Description . This specification describes the acceptance criteria for
asphalt concrete surface courses. The Department will base acceptance of the 447.02 261 compacted mixture in place on the level of density attained as sampled by the Contractor and analyzed by the Department.
447.02 Monitoring . If there is poor comparison between the Department’s
comparison samples and the Contractor’s qua lity control tests, the Monitoring Team may at any time disallow production to continue under 447 acceptance. The Department will notify the Contractor in writing to stop production.
447.03 Reports . Submit the Quality Control Report according to 441.11 on the
workday following the production day of the material represented by the report.
447.04 Compaction and Core Procedures . The requirements of 401.13 do not
apply. However, rollers must fully and satisfactorily provide the required compaction, be mechan ically sound, and meet Hot Mix Asphalt industry standards. The Department retains the right to reject the use of rollers that are not in good repair or are not designed to do the work required. A three -wheel roller according to
401.17 is not required.
Obtain core samples only in the presence of the Engineer and immediately surrender each core sample to the Engineer for testing. Do not take additional cores beyond what is required in 447.05 and 447.06 unless clearly identified in the approved Contractor’s QCP. If taken, locate cores for the Contractor’s quality control (QC sister core) longitudinally from and within four inches (100 mm) of the random core. In addition to the QC sister cores, three extra cores may be taken from the first lot of a JMF for tes ting to correlate density gauges. Clearly label all cores with mat or joint locations, as applicable, so that they may be readily identified. Any unlabeled cores may be destroyed by the Department. Notify the Laboratory if any questions arise. Do not sto re additional cores anywhere (project, in vehicles, or at the plant) beyond what is required to be taken for testing. Test all Contractor QC cores and maintain records of all tests (core tests and correlated gauge tests) according to the QCP. Destroy all cores immediately after testing is complete. Fill core holes by the next workday with asphalt concrete. Before fill ing, ensure the holes are dry and tack them with asphalt material conforming to 407.02. Properly compact the asphalt concrete used for filling the hole and leave it flush with the pavement.
447.05 Mat Density Acceptance. Obtain ten, 4 inch (100 mm) core s for the
Department to test to determine the in -place density of the compacted mixture as a percentage of the average QC Maximum Specific Gravity (MSG) for the production day the material was placed. If Department MSG VA tests show poor comparison to the average QC MSG according to 403.06 use Department determined MSG results in the density calculation for each production day. Compact shoulders using the same equipment and procedures as used on the mainline pavement. The requirements of 401.16, except f or the last four paragraphs, are waived. Payment for compaction of the completed mainline pavement and ramps is by Lot, based upon the degree to which density is attained. Payment for shoulders depends on the degree to which the density is obtained on the adjacent mainline pavement lane or ramp. However, when a cold longitudinal joint is made between 447.05 262 a mainline pavement lane and an adjoining shoulder, payment for the shoulder will be based on the degree to which the density is obtained on the shoulder. A Mat Density Lot consists of an area of pavement placed during a production day, including the shoulders. If less than 400 tons (400 metric tons) is produced in a production day, then that production day is combined with the next production day into a sing le lot. If greater than 250 tons (250 metric tons) and less than 400 tons (400 metric tons) are produced on the last day of production for the project, then the day’s production is a separate lot. If less than 250 tons (250 metric tons) is produced on th e last production day for the project, it is part of the previous lot for acceptance, provided the previous lot was placed within 3 days; otherwise, it is a separate lot. Within 48 hours after the pavement is placed, obtain ten cores for each Mat Density L ot at random locations the Engineer determines. The Engineer will divide a Lot into five equal sublots and calculate two random core locations in each sublot using an acceptable random number selection method. Both mainline pavement and ramps will be inc luded in Lot determinations. The Engineer will not give the Contractor random core locations early in the Lot placement. The Engineer will tell the Contractor the method used to determine random locations before project start and will use the same method for all Lots. If locations not according to this specification are provided, immediately inform the Engineer. Take the ten random mat cores such that the core's closest edge is at least twelve inches (300 mm) from the cold longitudinal joint, wedge joint upper notch, or vertical face edge. The Department will determine the pay factor for each Mat Density Lot cored by the pay schedule in Table 447.05 -1. The Department will verify the MTD if the MSG determination has a deviation from the MTD of less than or equal to 0.020. If the MTD is not verified, establish a new MTD according to the procedures established in 441.09. If less than 10 cores are available for determining the mean, the Laboratory will determine disposition of the Lot. 447.06 263 TABLE 447.05 -1 MAT D ENSITY LOTS Mean of Cores [1] Pay Factor Surface Course 98.0% or greater [2] 97.0 to 97.9% 0.94 96.0 to 96.9% 1.00 94.0 to 95.9% 1.02 93.0 to 93.9% 1.00 92.0 to 92.9% 0.98 91.0 to 91.9% 0.90 90.0 to 90.9% 0.80 89.0 to 89.9% [3] Less than 89.0% [2] [1] Mean of cores as percent of average MSG for the production day. [2] Remove and replace. [3] The District will determine whether the material may remain in place. If the District determines the course should be removed and replaced, the Contractor will remove and replace this course. The pay factor for such material allowed to remain in place is 0.70.
447.06 Joint Density Acceptance . A Joint Density Lot will consist of the entire
length of eligible cold longitudinal joint on the project . Divide each lot into 2500 foot (760 m) sublots, if the remaining sublot is less than 500 feet (152 m) in length, include that length of longitudinal joint in the previous sublot.
A.Excluded Areas . Exclude the following areas from Joint Density Lots. Do not obtain samples from excluded areas to determine lot incentive/disincentive payment.
1.Joints where one side of the joint is formed by existing pavement not constructed on the project.
2.Areas within 15 feet longitudinally of an obstruction during construction of the wearing course (manholes, inlet grates, utilities, bridge structures, etc.)
3.Joints where plan material type or thickness varies from one side of the joint to the other.
4.Joints on ramps.
5.Small areas, such as intersections, gore areas or transitions, or anywhere the Engineer determines paving and phasing methods do not allow for consistent longitudinal joint construction. Prior to paving, submit requests in writing to the Engineer for consideration of any areas to be excluded on this basis. The Engineer will make the final determination.
B.Sampling . Obtain one 6 inch (150 mm) joint density core for each sublot, at the random longitudinal locations as determined by the Engineer. For vertical joints, center joint density cores on the line where the two adjacent mats abut at the surface. For notched wedge joints, center joint density cores one half the joint taper width, away from the joint line in the direction of the wedge. Obtain joint density cores 447.07 264 within 48 hours after the longitudinal joint for each sublot is closed. Clearly label all cores so that locations may be readily identified. Identify the samples by Joint Density Lot and Sublot number. Vertical Joint Notched Wedge Joint Figure not to scale Figure not to scal e
C.Percent Within Tolerance (PWT). The Department will average the verified daily MSG average for the mix on each side of the longitudinal joint at each joint density core location according to 447.05. The average of the two values will be used for the density calculation of each sublot sa mple according to S upplement 1036. Once all test results for the Joint Density Lot have been received, the Department will compute the PWT and average in place density for each lot according to Supplement 1044. The Department will determine the pay factor for each Joint Density Lot cored by the pay schedule in Table 447.06 -1. Lots with all joint cores having a density greater than or equal to 92.0 percent will receive the two percent maximum Joint Density Lot incentive regardless of PWT. TABLE 447.06 -1 JOIN T DENSITY LOTS LOT PWT Pay Factor Surface Course PWT ≥ 90 PWT = 61 to 89 1.00 PWT = 50 to 60 PWT ≤ 49 0.95
447.07 Joint Construction . Construct joints according to 401.17. Make a hot
longitudinal joint between the mainline pavement lane and the adjoining shoulder and all ramps and the adjoining shoulders. If a hot longitudinal joint is specified between the mainline pavement lanes, the Contractor may construct a cold longitudinal joint between the mainline pavement lanes and the adjoining shoulders. Cold longitudinal joints will be tested according to 447.06. 447.07 265 In addition to the requirements of 401.17, the Contractor may construct a notched wedge joint for course thicknesses of 1.25 inches (32 mm) or greater. Provide a 0.5 to 0.7 inch (12 to 18 mm) vertical face notch at the upper portion of the wedge after compaction. Allow a notch at the lower wedge toe of height equal to the nomi nal maximum aggregate size of the asphalt concrete mixture. Provide a sloped wedge with a width of no more than 6.0 inches (152 mm) and an angle of no more than 10 degrees from horizontal for surface courses up to 1.75 inches (45 mm) lift thickness. Provid e a sloped wedge with a width of no more than 10.0 inches (250 mm) and an angle of no more than 15 degrees from horizontal for courses over 1.75 inches (45 mm) lift thickness. The lane width is determined from the upper notch of the wedge. When constructin g the wedge joint maintain the asphalt material head the same as or greater than the head of asphalt material in front of the spreading equipment screed. Remove any loose asphalt material at the lower wedge toe or any material that is not part of the wedge slope face before overlaying. When the adjacent lane top portion of the wedge joint is placed over the bottom portion of the first lane wedge joint use the same equipment required for constructing wedge joints at 0 degrees wedge taper to achieve pre -compa ction of the top portion of the wedge joint. Do not place a wedge joint at ramps and other tight areas of slow production as designated by the Engineer. Provide a vertical face joint when not constructing a notched wedge joint. Attach the wedge joint devic e to the spreading equipment in all wedge joint operations. Ensure the wedge joint device pre -compacts, rather than strikes -off, the asphalt concrete by means of a longitudinal, uniformly decreasing material height of the asphalt concrete forced under the device as the spreading equipment moves forward. Ensure the angle of pre -compaction through the device is 25 to 35 degrees. Ensure the length of travel of material under the device is a minimum of 10 inches (250 mm). Provide additional compaction on the we dge and after the wedge joint device as desired but do not distort the wedge and notch configuration. Ensure the wedge joint device has a variable angle adjustment from 0 degrees (horizontal) to the taper angle necessary to complete the wedge height requir ed as well as creating the required notch. Ensure the wedge joint device is constructed to allow at least the same head of asphalt material in front of the device as is in front of the spreading equipment screed. Ensure the wedge joint device does not allo w any asphalt material to bypass wedge joint pre -compaction. Do not use wedge joint equipment unless it has been approved by the Laboratory and meets the above requirements. Seal all cold longitudinal construction joints by coating the entire face of the c old joint with a certified Supplemental Specification 875.02 Hot Applied Asphaltic Joint Adhesive to provide 100 percent coverage of the joint. Overlap the joint edges by at least 1/2 inch (13 mm).
Source: Ohio Construction and Material Specifications, 2019 Edition. Pages 0–0 of 928.