707.01 Thin Surface Courses
670 SECTION 707
707.01 Materials
A.Approval of Materials Prepare the mix design at the Contractor designated lab and as required by the Contract. Prepare the mix design in general accor dance with ASTM D 6372, the latest version of the ISSA A -143 and the ISSA technical bulletins, and these specifications. Establish a job mix formula (JMF) which includes target gradations and specifies a percentage of residual asphalt for the mixture. Su bmit the mix design to the Department’s Materials Division, with applicable worksheets and data, for approval at least two weeks before construction begins. The Department will allow the use of previous mix designs reviewed and approved in the current cal endar year. The mix design will include as a minimum: Aggregate analysis with JMF and limits shown in table 707:2 for the type used. 0.45 aggregate gradation power chart. Asphalt residue content. Component chart in accordance with Table 707:1A. Mix Evaluation Tests in accordance with Table 707:1B. Produce and test trial mixtures before placement using the proposed project materials and equipment to substantiate the design. The Resident Engineer may waive trial mixtures if the design was previously proven to conform to these specifications. Establish a new mix design before using the new material if changing material sources. The Resident Engineer may request a new mix design if unsatisfactory results or other conditions make it necessary. The Resident Engineer will conditionally approve the following: Aggregate stockpiled at the plant, Asphalt at the source, and The mixture after mixing, pending the results of final acceptance tests. Table 707:1A Component Chart Component Percentage, on Dry Aggregate Basis Mineral Filler Type and Source Additive(s) Type and Source (if used) Total Water (no salt) Emulsion Type and Source Aggregate(s) Type and Source and Percentage THIN SURFACE COURSES 707.01 671 Table 707:1B Mix Evaluation Tests Test ISSA TB No. Specification Mix Time @ 77°F [25°C] TB 113 Controllable to 120 Seconds Min. Wet Cohesion @ 20 Minutes Min. (set) @ 60 Minutes Min. (traffic) TB 139 12 kg -cm Min. 20 kg -cm or Near Spin Min. Wet Stripping TB 114 Pass (90% Min.) Wet -Track Abrasion Loss One-hour Soak Six-day Soak TB 100 50 g/ft2 [538 g/m2] Max. 75 g/ft2 [807 g/m2] Max. Lateral Displacement Specific Gravity after 1,000 Cycles of 125 lb [56.71 kg] TB 147 5% Max. 2.10 Max. Excess Asphalt by LWT Sand Adhesion TB 109 50 g/ft2 [538 g/m2) Max. Classification Compatibility TB 144 11 Grade Points Min. (AAA, BAA)
B.Mineral Aggregate Provide mineral aggregate that is 100 percent crushed, clean, durable, and composed of rhyolite, granite, sandstone, or other approved aggregates in accordance with Table 707:1. Table 707:1 Physical Properties of Aggregates Property Micro Surfacing Limit UTBWC Limit Los Angeles Abrasion a, % wear ≤ 40 ≤ 35 Micro -deval, % loss — 18 Sand equivalent, % ≥ 65 ≥ 45 Un-compacted void content, % — ≥40 Mechanically fractured faces a,e, % ≥ 100/100 ≥ 100/85 Aggregate durability index ≥ 40 — Insoluble residue, % ≥ 65 ≥ 65 Flat and elongated pieces b, % ≤ 15 c ≤ 22 d Natural sand and gravel, % 0 0 Clay balls and friable particles b, % 0 0 Soft particles, % ≤ 5.0 ≤ 5.0 Sticks or roots, % 0 0 a Applies to each source.
707.02 Thin Surface Courses
672 Table 707:1 Physical Properties of Aggregates Property Micro Surfacing Limit UTBWC Limit b Applies to combined aggregate. c For micro surfacing, a flat and elongated piece is longer than five times the thickness. d For UTBWC, flat, elongated pieces are longer than three times the thickness. e In the mechanically fractured faces requirement format “xx/yy ,” “xx” is the minimum percentage of coarse aggregate requiring one fractured face, and “yy” is the minimum percentage requiring two fractured faces.
C.Emulsified Asphalt Provide a polymer modified PMCSS -1h (cationic) emulsified asphalt for micro surfacing in accordance with Table 708:3, “ Requirements for Polymer Modified Cationic Emulsified Asphalt .” Alternative products may be approved by the Materials Engineer. Provide asp halt used in UTBWC for the Polymer Modified Emulsion Membrane in accordance with PMCRS -1s in Table 708:3, “ Requirements for Polymer Modified Cationic Emulsified Asphalt .”
D.Performance Graded Binder Provide performance grade d binder in accordance with Section 708, “Plant Mix Bituminous Bases and Surfaces,” for PG 70-28 OK or PG 76 -28 OK, as shown on the Plans.
E.Mineral Filler Provide mineral filler for micro surfacing that is a recognized brand of portland cement free of lumps in accordance with AASHTO M 85. The Resident Engineer may visually inspect and approve mineral filler. Use acceptable mineral fillers such as rock dust, hydrated lime, fly ash, and Type 1 portland cement for UTBWC if needed to meet the gradation requirements. Ensure the mineral fillers for UTBWC have 100 percent passing the No. 30 [600 µm] sieve and at least 75 percent passing the No. 200 [75 µm] sieve.
F.Water Provide potable water free of harmful soluble salts. The Cont ractor may add water in accordance with the emulsion manufacturer recommendations.
G.Other Additives Optionally, use additives supplied and approved by the emulsion manufacturer in the emulsion mix to control the material in the field.
707.02 Composition of Mixtures
Formulate the micro surfacing mixture to ensure the placed mat will cure sufficiently within 1 hr of mixing under the job site conditions (including time for transporting, placement, rolling, and finishing) in order to allow traffic on the mat without causing damage. The Resident Engineer will determine if THIN SURFACE COURSES 707.02 673 additional curing is necessary at driveways, intersections, or other areas where sharp turns, accelerations, or decelerations occur. Areas receiving Micro Surfacing will be allowed to cure from one to three hours or until the treated pavement will not be damaged by traffic. The Contractor will protect the area with suitable barricades or markers for the full curing period. Areas which are damaged within 24 hours of application of Micro Surfa cing, or prior to moving to new work locations, shall be repaired by the Contractor at his expense. Refer to Table 707:2 for the composition of micro surfacing and Table 707:3 for the composition of UTBWC. Table 707:2 Micro Surfacing Aggregate Gradations and Composition Requirements Sieve Size Percent Passing per Type Type I Type II Type III ⅜ in [9.5 mm] 100 99 – 100 98 – 100 No. 4 [4.75 mm] 98 – 100 80 – 94 70 – 90 No. 8 [2.36 mm] 71 – 88 45 – 65 45 – 70 No. 16 [1.18 mm] 44 – 63 25 – 45 28 – 50 No. 30 [600 µm] 27 – 46 15 – 34 19 – 34 No. 50 [300 µm] 15 – 33 9.0 – 25 12 – 25 No. 100 [150 µm] 8.0 – 23 7.0 – 19 7.0 – 18 No. 200 [75 µm] 5.0 – 15 5.0 – 15 5.0 – 15 Composition Requirements: Value Residual asphalt, % by dry weight [mass] of aggregate 6.0 – 9.0 Mineral filler, % by dry weight [mass] of aggregate 1.0 – 3.0 Water as required to provide the specified properties. Additives as required to provide the specified properties. Table 707:3 UTBWC Aggregate Gradations and Composition Requirements Sieve Size Percent Passing per Type No. 4 - Type A ⅜ in - Type B ½ in - Type C ¾ in [19.0 mm] — — 100 ½ in [12.5 mm] — 100 75 – 100 ⅜ in [9.5 mm] 100 75 – 100 50 – 80 No. 4 [4.75 mm] 40 – 55 25 – 38 25 – 38 No. 8 [2.36 mm] 22 – 32 19 – 27 19 – 27
707.03 Thin Surface Courses
674 Table 707:3 UTBWC Aggregate Gradations and Composition Requirements Sieve Size Percent Passing per Type No. 4 - Type A ⅜ in - Type B ½ in - Type C No. 16 [1.18 mm] 15 – 25 15 – 23 15 – 23 No. 30 [600 µm] 10 – 18 10 – 18 10 – 18 No. 50 [300 µm] 8.0 – 13 8.0 – 13 8.0 – 13 No. 100 [150 µm] 6.0 – 10 6.0 – 10 6.0 – 10 No. 200 [75 µm] 4.0 – 5.5 4.0 – 5.5 4.0 – 5.5 Composition Requirement: Asphalt content, % 5.0 – 5.8 4.8 – 5.6 4.6 – 5.6 Note: For mix design purposes, mix at 325°F [163°C]. compact at 300°F [149°C]. Design at 12.5% air voids using Ndes50 SGC gyrations with the intent of achieving lab compacted field mixture air voids of 9 -15%. Determine the percent drain down in accordance with AASHTO T 305. Test the drain down at the optimum AC content plus 0.5 percent at a temperature of 352°F [178°C]. Allow a maximum of 0.10 percent . Determine stripping susceptibility in accordance with AASHTO T 283. Ensure the tensile strength ratio is at least 0.80. The Department will not allow reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) or reclaimed asphalt shingles in UTBWC.
707.03 Tolerances
Provide micro -surfacing material in accordance with Subsection 707.02, “Composition of Mixtures,” except the Department will not allow the mixture residual asphalt content to vary by no more than 0.5 percent from the job -mix fo rmula when measured by the tank -strap method. 707.03 Additional tolerances for UTBWC specified in Table 707:4 to modify the ranges specified in Table 707:3, “UTBWC Aggregate Gradations and Composition Requirements ,” will be allowed. These tolerances may extend outside the broad range in Table 707:3. Table 707:4 Additional UTBWC Tolerances Sieve Size Percent Passing per Type No. 4 – Type A ⅛ in – Type B ½ in – Type C ¾ in [19.0 mm] — — — ½ in [12.5 mm] — — ±5.0 ⅜ in [9.5 mm] — ±5.0 — No. 4 [4.75 mm] ±5.0 ±4.0 ±4.0 THIN SURFACE COURSES 707.04 675 Table 707:4 Additional UTBWC Tolerances Sieve Size Percent Passing per Type No. 4 – Type A ⅛ in – Type B ½ in – Type C No. 8 [2.36 mm] ±4.0 ±4.0 ±4.0 No. 16 [1.18 mm] ±4.0 — — No. 30 [600 µm] — — — No. 50 [300 µm] — — — No. 100 [150 µm] — — — No. 200 [75 µm] ±1.0 ±1.0 ±1.0 Composition Requirement: Asphalt content, % ±0.3 ±0.3 ±0.3
707.04 Sampling and Testing
Sample and test in accordance with Table 707:5. Table 707:5 Sampling and Testing Property Test Method Sampling and testing aggregates: Sampling AASHTO T 2 Material passing No. 200 [75 µm] sieve AASHTO T 11 Sieve analysis AASHTO T 27 Los Angeles Abrasion AASHTO T 96 Sand equivalent AASHTO T 176 Aggregate durability index AASHTO T 210 Un-compacted void content of fine aggregate AASHTO T 304, Method A Aggregate degradation by micro -deval AASHTO T 327 Flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregate ASTM D 4791 Mud, clay balls, sand clusters, sticks, and roots retained on No. 4 [4.75 mm] sieve OHD L-9 Fractured faces OHD L-18 Insoluble residue OHD L-25 Soft particles OHD L-38 Testing asphalt materials: Solubility of bituminous materials AASHTO T 44 Penetration of bituminous materials AASHTO T 49
708.02 Plant Mix Bituminous Bases and Surfaces
676 Table 707:5 Sampling and Testing Property Test Method Ductility of bituminous materials AASHTO T 51 Softening point of bitumen (ring -and-ball apparatus) AASHTO T 53 Standard test methods for emulsified asphalts AASHTO T 59 Saybolt viscosity AASHTO T 72 Distillation of cutback asphaltic (bituminous) products AASHTO T 78 Viscosity of asphalts by vacuum capillary viscometer AASHTO T 202 Specific gravity of semi -solid bituminous materials AASHTO T 228 Specific gravity by hydrometer ASTM D 3142 Elastic recovery test by means of ductilometer a ASTM D 6084 Elastic recovery test by means of ductilometer b OHD L-42 a Use ASTM D6084 for PG binders only. b Use OHD L-42 for polymer modified emulsions only. SECTION 708 PLANT MIX BITUMINOUS BASES AND SURFACES
708.01 Approval of Material S
Submit aggregate sources and blend percentages to Department's Materials Engineer for approval before use on a project. Stockpile the aggregate in accordance with Subsection 106.08. The Resident Engineer may accept aggregates in stockpiles and plant mixed materials after blending and mixing at the plant. Obtain asphalt from an approved source in accordance with Subsection 708.06.B.
708.02 Mineral Aggregate
Provide mineral aggregate composed of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate , and mineral filler in accordance with these specifications. If crushing natural gravel for mixes, the Resident Engineer may require a washing operation to separate fines from the gravel. The Department will not allow blending different materials in the same storage or feeder. Provide aggregates in accordance with Table 708:1 . Ensure a crusher run or similarly graded aggregate is not the only source of crushed coarse aggregate in asphalt concrete.
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 684–689 of 935.