403.02 Chip Seal
402.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.TRAFFIC BOUND SURFACE COURSE TYPE A Ton [Metric Ton]
B.TRAFFIC BOUND SURFACE COURSE TYPE B Ton [Metric Ton]
C.TRAFFIC BOUND SURFACE COURSE TYPE C Ton [Metric Ton]
D.TRAFFIC BOUND SURFACE COURSE TYPE D Ton [Metric Ton]
E.TRAFFIC BOUND SURFACE COURSE TYPE E Ton [Metric Ton]
F.TRAFFIC BOUND SURFACE COURSE TYPE F Ton [Metric Ton]
403.01 Description
This work consists of constructing a single or double surface treatment of aggregates and bituminous materials.
403.02 Materials
Provide materials in accordance with the following sections: Material: Section: Cover Aggregates 703.04 Bituminous Prime 708 Bituminous Binder 708.03 Use the following aggregates for surface treatments unless otherwise specified. For single bituminous surface treatments, use: Cover Aggregate No. 2, Cover Aggregate No. 3, Cover Aggregate No. 3C, Precoated Aggre gates, or Light Weight Cover Aggregates (LWCA). For double bituminous surface treatments, use: Cover Aggregate No. 1, and Cover Aggregate No. 2. CHIP SEAL 403.04
403.03 Equipment
Provide distributors, supply tanks, and compactors in accordance with Subsection 401.03, “Equipment.” Provide self -propelled mechanical spreaders mounted on pneumatic tired traction wheels capable of the following: Operating independently of supply trucks; Receiving the aggregate from the supply truck directly into the hopper and then into the spreader box; Controlling the spreading of aggregate to a rate of 10 lb/yd² to 45 lb/yd² [5 kg/m² to 25 kg/m²]; Spreading the aggregate from 3 ft to 12 ft [0.9 m to 3.6 m] wide; and Spreading the aggr egate up to 24 ft [7.2 m] wide, if required by the Contract.
403.04 Construction Methods
A.Weather and Seasonal Limitations Limit the construction of bituminous surface treatment to the following weather and seasonal limitations:
1.General Comply with w eather and seasonal conditions for constructing bituminous surface treatment in accordance with Subsection 105.15, “Opening Sections of Project to Traffic,” and Subsection 105.17, “P roject Completion and Acceptance,” for acceptance of the work.
2.Seasonal Limitations Apply bituminous surface treatment during the construction periods provided in Table 403:1, "Construction Seasonal Limitations," or on da tes requested in writing and approved by the Resident Engineer. Table 403:1 Construction Seasonal Limitations Asphalt Type Construction Period Cutback Asphalt April 1 through Nov. 15 Asphalt Cement May 1 through Sept. 30 Emulsified Asphalt May 15 through Sept. 15
3.Temperature and Weather Limitations Apply bituminous surface treatment in accordance with the temperature and weather limitations provided in Table 403:2, "Temperature and Weather Limitations. " Measure t he ambient temperatures in the shade, 4 ft [1.2 m] above the ground, and away from artificial heat.
403.04 Chip Seal
Ensure the temperature and weather conditions allow completion of the work. Before starting bituminous surface treatment, verify that the minimum temperatu res specified in Table 403:2 also occurred on the previous calendar day. Suspend work if the ambient temperature is forecast to fall below the specified minimum temperature within 72 hr. Suspend work during adverse weather conditions, such as wind chill, rain, fog, or abnormally high relative humidity, as determined by the Resident Engineer. Table 403:2 Temperature and Weather Limitations Asphalt Type Minimum Temperature, °F [°C] Base or Pavement Surface Condition Due to Weather Ambient Surface Aggregate Cutback Asphalt 50 [10] 60 [15] 40 [4] Dry Emulsified Asphalt 60 [15] 70 [20] 50 [10] No visible free moisture present Asphalt Cement 60 [15] 70 [20] 50 [10] Dry
4.Detours and Shoo -Flys The Resident Engineer may waive the minimum temperature requirements for construction of temporary bituminous surface treatment for detours, shoo -flys, or other incidental construction.
B.Traffic Provide traffic control that ensures the following: No vehicles travel on the surface treatment before the application and stabilization of cover material; Construction operations pose no risk to the health, safety, or property of the traveling public; and No unnecessary delay to the traveling public.
C.Preparation of Base Prepare the base as required by t he Contract before applying bituminous surface treatment. Clean the base of foreign material before placing the prime coat. If reconstructing a base previously sealed or patched with bituminous materials, remove areas with excess bituminous materials from the base course surface before applying the bituminous binder.
D.Protection of Structures Protect surfaces of structures from discoloration while applying bituminous surface treatments. CHIP SEAL 403.04
E.Heating Bituminous Material Heat bituminous material uniformly and consistently, using an effective and positive control method. Heat bituminous material in accordance with Subsection 708.03, “Asphalt Materials.” Ensure the fluidity of the heate d bituminous material and prevent damage due to overheating. Do not heat bituminous material with steam. Protect the bituminous material or its container from coming into contact with flames. The Department will reject overheated or damaged bituminous material.
F.Application of Prime Coat Apply a prime coat in accordance with Section 408, “Prime Coat, ” if required by the Contract.
G.Application of Tack Coat Apply a tack coat in accordance with Sectio n 407, “Fog Seal and Tack Coat,” if required by the Contract.
H.Application of Bituminous Binder and Cover Aggregate Before placing the first application of bituminous binder, allow the prime coat to penetrate and harden. Clean the primed base of dirt an d loose material. Ensure the aggregate is immediately available for spreading before starting the application of bituminous binder.
1.Bituminous Binder Uniformly apply the bituminous binder. Delineate one edge of the bituminous surfacing before the firs t application of bituminous binder. At transverse joints, to prevent double or no bituminous binder application created by operation starts and stops, spread building paper over the treated surface before the joint to ensure the specified distribution of bituminous binder at the nozzles when they reach the untreated surface. Remove and dispose of the paper after starting or restarting the bituminous material application. Apply bituminous material to the full width in one pass for each application if the r oadway is closed to traffic and the surface width does not exceed 24 ft [7.3 m]. If the roadway is not closed to traffic and traffic is maintained on one -half of the width, apply prime and bituminous material on the closed half of the roadway width. Durin g the bituminous material application on the second half of the roadway, ensure that the distributor nozzle nearest the center of the roadway overlaps the previous bituminous application from half to the full width of the nozzle spray.
2.Cover Aggregate Apply cover aggregates in accordance with Table 403:3, "Approximate Single Treatment Application Rates, " and Table 403:4, “Approximate Double Treatment Application Rates.” Immediately after appl ying the bituminous binder, uniformly spread the cover material at the specified rates. The Department will allow hand -spreading in areas inaccessible to mechanical spreaders.
403.04 Chip Seal
3.General Application Requirements Prevent overlaps, streaks, or gaps in the application of bituminous binder and cover aggregate. Correct overlaps, streaks, and gaps, as approved by the Resident Engineer, at no additional cost to the Department. Ensure the finished surface is free of the following: Bleeding, Loose chips, and Loss of imbedded aggregates. Apply the bituminous material and cover aggregate at the distribution and coverage rate shown on the Plans. Use Table 403:3, "Approximate Single Treatment Application Rates," and Table 403:4, “Approximate Double Treatment Application Rates, ” to estimate quantities of aggregate and bituminous binder. Rates are based on midpoint requirements of bituminous binder and aggregate. Table 403:3 Approximate Single Treatment Application Rates Material Aggregate Type LWCA No. 2 No. 3 No. 3C Aggregate 100 yd²/yd³ [110 m²/m³] 25 lb/yd² [14 kg/m²] 28 lb/yd² [15 kg/m²] 35 lb/yd² [19 kg/m²] Bituminous binder (residual asphalt) 0.3 gal/yd² [1.4 L/m²] 0.3 gal/yd² [1.4 L/m²] 0.3 gal/yd² [1.4 L/m²] 0.3 gal/yd² [1.4 L/m²] Table 403:4 Approximate Double Treatment Application Rates Material Aggregate Type and Increment No. 1 No. 2 First Second Aggregate 40 lb/yd² [22 kg/m²] 20 lb/yd² [11 kg/m²] 15 lb/yd² [8 kg/m²] Bituminous binder (residual asphalt) 0.4 gal/yd² [1.8 L/m²] 0.2 gal/yd² [0.9 L/m²] 0.15 gal/yd² [0.7 L/m²] Apply bituminous binder at temperatures in accordance with Section 708, “Plant Mix Bituminous Bases and Surfaces.” Apply bituminous binder and cover aggregate in the following sequences: CHIP SEAL 403.05
a.Single Treatment Apply bituminous binder, and spread No. 2, No. 3, No. 3C, Precoated Aggregates or LWCA cover aggregate at the rates shown on the Plans.
b.Double Treatment For the first application, apply bituminous binder and spread No. 1 cover aggregate over the surface at the rates shown on the Plans. For the second application , apply bituminous binder on the surface of the No. 1 cover material, and spread the first appli cation of No. 2 cover aggregate (first increment) over the surface at the rates shown on the Plans. For the t hird application, apply bituminous binder on the surface of the No. 2 cover material (first increment), and spread the second application of No. 2 cover aggregate (second increment) over the surface at the rates shown on the Plans.
I.Rolling Roll the entire surface after each application of cover aggregate and ensure it is firmly imbedded into the bituminous binder. Hand spread additional aggregate to fill irregularities and cover bare spots to prevent tracking bituminous binder during rolling. Perform final rolling of the surface with at least four passes over the entire surface with a pneumatic -type roller in accordance with Subsection 401.03.B, “Compactors.” Operate the roller at a speed of 7 mph [10 km/h] or less.
J.Maintenance Remove unsatisfactory material. Make repairs with bituminous binder and aggregate, to establish a uniformly dense treatment with m aximum retention of the cover aggregate. Maintain until project completion is accomplished in accordance with Subsection 105.17, “Project Completion and Acceptance. ” Correct irregularities with additional bituminous binder and aggregate at no additional cost to the Department. Apply blotting material free of clay, silt, loam, or other foreign matter for excessive bleeding as directed by the Resident Engineer.
403.05 Method of Measuremen T
The Resident Engineer will mea sure the finished surface area of the Chip Seal (Single Treatment) or Chip Seal (Double Treatment) complete -in-place. The Resident Engineer will measure the Preparation of Base to the nearest foot [meter] along the centerline when specified on the Plans.
404.03 Ultra -Thin Bonded Wearing Course
403.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.CHIP SEAL (SINGLE TREATMENT) Square Yard [Square Meter]
B.CHIP SEAL (DOUBLE TREATMENT) Square Yard [Square Meter]
C.PREPARATION OF BASE Linear Foot [Meter] Include the cost of bituminous binder, cover aggregate, and sand or other approved aggregate (for blotting) in the contract unit price for the appropriate chip seal pay item. Include the cost of applying every layer of a double treatment, as required by the Contract, to be included in the contract unit price for Chip Seal (Double Treatment) . The Department will pay for tack coat in accordance with Section 407, “Fog Seal and Tack Coat,” and prime coat in accordance with Section 408, “Prime Coat. ” SECTION 404 ULTRA -THIN BONDED WEARING COURSE
404.01 Description
Ultra -thin bonded wearing course (UTBWC) is a mixture of gap -graded aggregate, polymerized Performance Grade binder, that is mixed at an asphalt plant and delivered to the Project and laid over a rapid setting polymer modified emulsion membrane sprayed within seconds of the laying the mixture.
404.02 Materials
Provide materials in accordance with Section 707, “Thin Surface Courses.”
404.03 Equipment
A.General Provide mixing plants, scales, and material transfer vehicle in accordance with Section 411.03.
B.Pavers Provide a paver approved by the Resident Engineer. Ensure the paver has the following: A receiving hopper for hot mix asphalt; A feed conveyor; An asphalt emulsion storage tank; A system for measuring the Polymer Modified Asphalt Emulsion Membrane volume; A spray bar; and A heated, variable width, vibratory or combination vibratory -tamping bar screed.
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 226–231 of 935.