394 Page 262394 RUBBLIZE PCC PAVEMENT
394.1DESCRIPTION
This work consists of rubblizing the existing concrete pavement in preparation for an overlay.
394.2MATERIALS (Not Specified)
394.3CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
A.General: Rubblization of the concrete pavement will be accomplished across the width and full depth of the pavement. The rubblization will be done in partial widths when necessary to maintain traffic. The breaker will be operated to avoid damaging the base and underlying structures including, but not limited to; pipe, box culverts, edge drains, and utilities. If damage occurs to the base or underlying structures, the Contractor will repair any damage at no additional expense to the Department. The Contractor will minimize the dispersion of dust from the rubblizing operation, until the rubblized surface is overlaid, by the application of water or other approved method . Work will be performed during daylight hours. B.Equipment: 1.Requirements for all breakers: Rubblize the existing PCC pavement using either a self- contained, self-propelled multi-head paveme nt breaker; or a self-contained, self-propelled resonant frequency pavement breaker. Whip hammers, pile-driving hammers, crane and wrecking ball operations, and other equipment using up guided free-falling weights are not acceptable . The equipment used will deliver such energy as necessary to provide a crack, which is distinguishable to the naked eye from a standing position without the use of water or other materials. The breaker will be equipped with a screen to ensure debris will not enter the adjacent lane during the fracturing process, if traffic is maintained. 2.Multi Head Breaker: Breaking of the concrete pavement will be accomplished with a self- contained, self-propelled, unit with hammers mounted laterally in pairs with half the hammers in a forward row and the remainder diagonally offset in a rear row so that there is continuous breakage from side to side. The multi-head breaker must be capable of rubblizing a full lane width in a single pass to the degree specified in Section 394.3 C. 3.Resonant Breaker: Breaking the concrete pavement will be accomplished with a self-contained, self-propelled, resonant frequency-breaking unit capable of producing low amplitude 2000 pound force blows at a nominal frequency of not less than 44 cycles per second. The rubblizing operation will proceed in a longitudinal direction, beginning at a shoulder or previously broken edge and progress toward the opposite shoulder or longitudinal centerline of the roadway. The resonant breaker must be capable of rubblizing the full width of the pavement in multiple passes to the degree specified in Section 394.3 C. 394 Page 2634.Rollers: A steel vibratory roller fitted with a “Z” pattern grid on the drum face having a gross weight (mass) of at least 10 tons, operated in vibratory mode. A smooth drum steel vibratory roller having a gross weight (mass) of at least 10 tons, operated in vibratory mode. A pneumatic roller having a gross weight (mass) of at least 10 tons. C.Rubblization: Prior to rubblization, a joint will be cut full depth at an existing joint on ramps or mainline where rubblization abuts concrete pavement which is to remain in place. In areas where the roadway must be covered one lane at a time, initial rubblization will extend a minimum of 6 inches beyond the width of the pavement to be covered. The Contractor will break the concrete pavement uniformly across the pavement width into particles that have a maximum dimension less than or equal to 12 inches. In addition, 75% of the particles, as the Engineer determines visually, must have a maximum dimension less than or equal to the following: In the bottom half of the slab; 9 inches In the top half of the slab; 3 inches At the surface of the slab; 2 inches The Engineer may direct or allow larger maximum particle dimensions. Prior to the acceptance of the rubblizing procedure to be used, the Contractor will rubblize and roll a 300 foot test strip, in one lane, for evaluation as designated by the Engineer. Break the test strip using sufficient energy and an operating speed such that the existing pavement is rubblized, full depth, to the degree specified above. A 4 foot by 4 foot test hole will be excavated from the edge to the middle of the lane at a location selected by the Engineer to determine if the breaker is producing pieces of the specified sizes. The material from the test hole will be removed from the project and the hole will be filled using base course or base course, salvage. For the remainder of the project, the Contractor will excavate the equivalent of one test hole per lane mile, unless waived by the Engineer. If necessary to achieve the above rubblization size requirements, in areas where the concrete pavement is notable to deflect, the Engineer and Contractor may mutually agree to pre-crack the concrete pavement with a device meeting the requirements of Section 393.3 B.1. Reinforcement in the rubblized pavement, if any, will be left in place. However, if any reinforcement is exposed at the surface from rubblizing or compaction, it will be cut off 2 inches below the surface and removed. Any loose joint filler, expansion material, or other similar items will be removed. D.Seating: Seat the rubblized pavement using vibratory steel wheel and pneumatic tired rollers. The two types of breakers are listed below with the corresponding sequence required for each . 394 Page 2641.Multi Head Breaker: 2 coverages with a steel vibratory roller fitted with a “Z” pattern grid on the roller face. 1 coverage with a pneumatic roller. 1 coverage with a steel vibratory roller immediately prior to the overlay. 2.Resonant Breaker: 2 coverages with a steel drum vibratory roller. 1 coverage with a pneumatic roller. 1 coverage with a steel vibratory roller immediately prior to the overlay. A roller coverage is defined as forward and back over the entire surface area of the rubblized pavement. The roller will operate at a speed not to exceed 4 miles per hour. Additional coverages may be required by the Engineer to satisfactorily seat the rubblized pavement.
394.4METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
Rubblize PCC Pavement: Rubblize PCC pavement will be measured to the nearest 0.1 square yard.
394.5BASIS OF PAYMENT
Rubblize PCC Pavement: Rubblize PCC pavement will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard and will include the cost of furnishing all labor, equipment, materials, and incidentals necessary for rubblizing the PCC pavement, pre-cracking the pavement, if required, all rolling and seating, dust control, breaking and excavation of test holes, fill material and compaction of test holes, and any subsequent test holes required by the Engineer to demonstrate specification compliance, sawing at retained pavement and appurtenances, removing exposed reinforcing steel, and removal and satisfactory off-site disposal of waste materials . 410 Page 265PART E STRUCTURES 410 STEEL STRUCTURES
410.1DESCRIPTION
This work consists of furnishing, fabricating, and erecting structural steel and miscellaneous steel required for structures.
410.2MATERIALS
Materials will conform to the following sections: A.Steel: Steel will conform to Section 970. B.Bolts: Bolts will conform to Section 972. C.Paint: Paint will conform to Section 411. D.Stud Shear Connectors: Stud and shear connectors will conform to Section 970.
410.3CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
Structural steel fabricating plants will be an AISC Certified Bridge Fabricator with Simple (SBR), Intermediate (IBR), or Advanced (ABR) certifications. An SBR certification will be required to fabricate unspliced rolled sections. An IBR certification will be required to fabricate spliced rolled beam sections, built up I-shaped plate girders, and trusses up to 200’. An ABR certification will be required to fabricate tub or trapezoidal box girders, large trusses, arches, bascule bridges, cable supported bridges, moveable bridges, and bridges with complicated geometry like a tight curve radius. A Fracture Critical Endorsement (FCE) will be required to fabricate fracture critical members. A Certified Highway Component Manufacturer (CPT) certification will be required to fabricate bearings, highway sign structures, parts for bridges such as bridge traffic rail, cross frame diaphragms and expansion joints. Structural steel will be fabricated, erected, welded, and painted in accordance with these specifications. A.Shop Plans: Shop plans will be required for all structural steel and miscellaneous metal parts for structures. Shop plans for steel structures and structural steel components will give full detailed dimensions and sizes of component parts of the structures and details of all miscellaneous parts such as pins, nuts, bolts, drains, etc. Where specific orientation of plates is required, the direction of rolling of plates will be shown. Shop plans will identify the material type and grade for each piece of structural steel. Each drawing will be completely titled according to the contract plans, including structure number, project number, PCN, and county. Each drawing will pertain to only one structure. The Contractor is responsible for the shop drawings satisfying contract requirements, regardless of any review by the Engineer. Unless otherwise specified in the plans, the Contractor will submit shop plans in accordance with the following: