159TABLE II-12 Standard Deviation Sieve 1 Adjustment Point 2 Adjustment Points 3 Adjustment Points Size for Each Sieve Size for Each Sieve Size for Each Sieve Size 2 in 0.6-1.5 1.6-2.5 2.6-3.5 1 in 4.6-5.5 5.6-6.5 6.6-7.5 3/4 in 5.6-6.5 6.6-7.5 7.6-8.5 3/8 in 7.1-8.0 8.1-9.0 9.1-10.0 No. 10 5.6-6.5 6.6-7.5 7.5-8.5 No. 40 3.6-4.5 4.6-5.5 5.6-6.5 No. 200 3.1-4.0 4.1-5.0 5.1-6.0 The Engineer will require the Contractor to remove the failed material from the roadway if the total adjustment for the lot is more than 25 points. The Engineer will reduce the unit price of the material by 1 percent for each adjustment point if the total adjustment is 25 points or less and the Contractor does not elect to remove and replace the material. The Engineer will apply the adjustment to the tonnage represented by the sample(s). The Contractor shall minimize the variability of the Contractor’ s product in order to furnish a con - sistent, well-graded mixture. When the quantity of any one type of material furnished for a project exceeds 4,000 tons, the variability of the total quantity furnished will be determined on the basis of the standard deviation for each sieve size. The Engineer will adjust the Contract unit price for the material as indicated herein if the standard deviation is within the limits specified in Table II-12. The Engineer will not make standard deviation computations separately on more than two job mixtures for the same type of material. The Contract unit price will be reduced by 0.5 percent for each adjustment point applied for standard deviation. The Engineer will instruct the Contractor on the disposition of material having standard deviations larger than those specified in Table II-12. SECTION 209—OPEN-GRADED SHOULDER MATERIAL
209.01 Description
These specifications cover the requirements for open-graded material used on roadway shoulders where designated on the plans or other Contract documents.
209.02 Detail Requirements
Open-graded shoulder material shall be aggregate material No. 18 and shall consist of mixtures of natural or crushed gravel, crushed stone, or sand, without soil mortar.209.02 160(a) Grading: Grading shall conform to the following when tested to verify acceptance in accordance with VTM-25: % by Weight of Materials Passing Sieve 2 in 1 in 3/8 in No. 10 No. 40 No. 200 100 90 ± 10 55 ± 15 20 ± 10 8 ± 5 3 ± 3
b.Atterberg Limits: Material shall be nonplastic, and the liquid limit shall be not more that 25 when tested to verify acceptance in accordance with VTM-7.
c.Soundness: Soundness shall conform to the requirements of Table II-7 for subbase material when tested to verify acceptance in accordance with AASHTO T103 or T104.
d.Abrasion Loss: Abrasion loss shall be not more than 45 percent when tested to verify acceptance in accordance with AASHTO T96.
209.03 Mixing
Pugmill mixing will not be required for aggregate shoulder material No. 18. The Contractor shall provide a laboratory for Department use as specified in Section 106.07. SECTION 210—ASPHALT MATERIALS
210.01 Description
These specifications cover the manufacturing and material requirements for asphalt material consisting of asphalt, asphalt cement, asphalt cutback, or asphalt emulsion as defined in ASTM D8.
210.02 Materials
Asphalt material shall be homogeneous and shall conform to the following:
a.Rapid curing and medium curing liquid asphalts used as surface treatments shall contain a heat- stable additive conforming to Section 211.
b.Liquid asphalt material will be tested for coating ability in accordance with AASHTO T182, with the following modifications:
1.Material that can coat 95 percent of a shady dolomite will be classified Type I.
2.Material that can coat 95 percent of a siliceous gravel wetted with 2 percent water by weight will be classified Type II.
c.Rapid curing cutback asphalts shall conform to AASHTO M81.
d.Medium curing cutback asphalts shall conform to AASHTO M82.209.02
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 187–187 of 1,065.