160(a) Grading: Grading shall conform to the following when tested to verify acceptance in accordance with VTM-25: % by Weight of Materials Passing Sieve 2 in 1 in 3/8 in No. 10 No. 40 No. 200 100 90 ± 10 55 ± 15 20 ± 10 8 ± 5 3 ± 3
b.Atterberg Limits: Material shall be nonplastic, and the liquid limit shall be not more that 25 when tested to verify acceptance in accordance with VTM-7.
c.Soundness: Soundness shall conform to the requirements of Table II-7 for subbase material when tested to verify acceptance in accordance with AASHTO T103 or T104.
d.Abrasion Loss: Abrasion loss shall be not more than 45 percent when tested to verify acceptance in accordance with AASHTO T96.
209.03 Mixing
Pugmill mixing will not be required for aggregate shoulder material No. 18. The Contractor shall provide a laboratory for Department use as specified in Section 106.07. SECTION 210—ASPHALT MATERIALS
210.01 Description
These specifications cover the manufacturing and material requirements for asphalt material consisting of asphalt, asphalt cement, asphalt cutback, or asphalt emulsion as defined in ASTM D8.
210.02 Materials
Asphalt material shall be homogeneous and shall conform to the following:
a.Rapid curing and medium curing liquid asphalts used as surface treatments shall contain a heat- stable additive conforming to Section 211.
b.Liquid asphalt material will be tested for coating ability in accordance with AASHTO T182, with the following modifications:
1.Material that can coat 95 percent of a shady dolomite will be classified Type I.
2.Material that can coat 95 percent of a siliceous gravel wetted with 2 percent water by weight will be classified Type II.
c.Rapid curing cutback asphalts shall conform to AASHTO M81.
d.Medium curing cutback asphalts shall conform to AASHTO M82.209.02 161(e) Asphalt Binders shall conform to AASHTO M332, Table 1. High polymer Binder shall consist of mixes incorporating a neat asphalt material with a high polymer modification (approximately 7.5%) complying with AASHTO M332 for PG 76E-28(HP) with the exception that the Multi - ple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) shall have a Jnr3.2 maximum value of 0.1 kPa-1 when tested according to AASHTO T350. The minimum MSCR percent recovery at 3.2 kPa shall be 90%. The MSCR test for Jnr and percent recovery shall be run at 76°C. The viscosity shall be less than or equal to 3.0 Pa-s, however the Engineer may increase the viscosity limit to 5.0 Pa-s if the binder supplier and Contractor agree that the binder is suitably workable. The Contractor shall use an approved asphalt binder shown on the Department’ s Approved list 50.
f.Cationic Emulsified Asphalt shall conform to AASHTO M208, except that the penetration for CRS-1h shall be 40 to 110. The Contractor shall use an approved emulsion shown on the Department’ s Approved List 50.1.
g.Polymer Modified Cationic Emulsified Asphalt shall conform to AASHTO M316. CRS-2L shall have the same requirements as CRS-2P . Penetration requirement at 77 ºF shall be a minimum 70 and maximum 140. The Contractor shall use an approved polymer-modified cationic emulsions shown on the Department’ s Approved List 50.1.
h.Non-tracking tack will be tested in accordance with Section 210.04. The Contractor shall use an approved non-tracking tack shown on the Department’ s Approved List 50.1A.
210.03 Sampling & Testing
Samples shall be taken in the presence of VDOT personnel or a VDOT representative in accordance with AASHTO R-66, with the exception that asphalt emulsion samples shall be a minimum of 0.5 gallons (2 liters). The Contractor shall ensure the quality control tests on asphaltic materials, as detailed in Section 210.04, are conducted by the Manufacturer.
210.04 Tests
a.PG Asphalt Binders:
1.Certified Test Reports for PG Asphalt Binders shall be based upon the results of tests performed in accordance with AASHTO M332, Table 1. The manufacturer is not required to perform the Direct Tension Test, AASHTO T314.
2.For asphalt binders tested in accordance with AASHTO T350, indication of elastic response shall be determined using the Figure 1 from AASHTO R 92. When the plotted point falls on or above the line shown in Figure 1 in AASHTO R 92, this indicates that the asphalt binder is modified with an acceptable elastomeric polymer. When the plotted point falls below the line on Figure 1 in AASHTO R 92, this indicates that the asphalt binder is not modified with an elastomeric polymer and the sample fails. The percent recovery requirement will not apply to non-polymer binders (PG 64S and PG 64H).
b.Cutback Asphalts:
1.Certified Test Reports for Cutback Asphalts shall be based upon the results of tests performed in accordance with AASHTO M81 and M82. 210.04 162 2. When used in surface treatments, the Coating Ability test shall be conducted subject to the specifications listed in Section 210.02.
c.Emulsified Asphalts:
1.Certified Test Reports for Emulsified Asphalts shall be based upon the results of tests performed in accordance with AASHTO M208 or AASHTO M316, as specified below. Emulsions will be sampled and tested in accordance with AASHTO T59 except that viscosity will be tested in accordance with VTM-64.
a.Cationic Emulsions - Table 1 (from AASHTO M208 or M316, as applicable), specifically
1.Tests on Emulsions: • Saybolt Furol Viscosity • Sieve Test (if necessary) • Demulsibility or Classification test • Particle Charge Test • Residue by Distillation
2.Tests on residue from distillation: • Penetration • Ductility
b.CSS-1h (Quick Set) shall be tested the same as Cationic Emulsions, with the addition of “Quick set Emulsified Asphalt Setting Time (VTM-89).”
c.Latex Modified Cationic Emulsions
1.CQS-1h Latex Modified (CQS-1hLM)
a.Tests on Emulsions • Saybolt Furol Viscosity • Sieve Test (if necessary) • Particle Charge Test • Residue by Evaporation (VTM-78)
b.Tests on residue • Penetration • Ring and Ball Softening Point
2.CRS-2 Polymer Modified (CRS-2L and CRS-2P)
a.Tests on Emulsions • Sayb olt Furol Viscosity210.04 163 • Sieve Test (if necessary) • Particle Charge Test • Residue by Evaporation
b.Tests on residue by Evaporation • Penetration • Ring and Ball Softening Point • Elastic Recovery at 10ºC
2.The manufacturer is not required to perform the Flash Point, Ductility, or Ash Content tests unless the Engineer directs the Contractor to require it. If the manufacturer elects to conduct these tests to better control production, the results shall be included on the certified test report.
d.Non-Tracking Tack: Non-Tracking Tack shall meet the requirements based upon the results of tests performed, as specified below:
1.Requirements for Non-Tracking Emulsified Tack Property Test Method Min Max Residue by Evaporation, % AASHTO T59 50 Viscosity, 77° F AASHTO T59 150 Sieve (plant) AASHTO T59 0.1% Sieve (field) AASHTO T59 0.3% Penetration AASHTO T49 50 Softening Point AASHTO T 53 57°C
2.Requirements for Non-Tracking Hot-Applied Tack Test Test Method Min Max Penetration, 25°C, 100g, 5s (dmm) AASTHO T49 35 Softening Point (°C) ASTM D36 70 Rotational Viscosity, 149°C, (Pa-s) AASHTO T316 3.0 Ductility, 25°C, (cm) ASTM D113-17 20
210.05 Storing and Shipping
a.Shipping:
1.Shipments of asphalt material shall be made in transporting media that are free from contami- nation. Tank trucks or trailers shall be equipped with an Engineer approved sampling device. The device shall have an inside diameter of 1/2 to 1 inch and a gate valve or petcock. The 210.05 164device shall be built into the tank or the recirculating or discharge line so that a sample can be drawn during circulation or discharge.
2.All shipping documents shall contain sufficient information such that at any point, the material may be traceable back to the original test results. If the material is mixed with other approved material for storage, the record system will be such as to assure the traceability of all the material which is being mixed.
3.All shipping documents shall be accompanied by a statement similar to “We certify that all material being shipped on this invoice/bill of lading has been tested and approved under the Virginia Asphalt Acceptance Program and that the material has been loaded under the supervi - sion of our representative into carriers that are suitable for shipment of this material.”
4.All shipping documents shall be kept by the recipient of the material and are available for verification by VDOT personnel.
5.Only material tested and certified in accordance with the V AAP and on VDOT approved product lists shall be mixed and shipped to VDOT projects.
b.Storing: Asphalt material shall be placed in storage tanks that are free from contamination. Emul- sified asphalts stored longer than 30 days from the shipping date on the Bill of Lading shall be retested in accordance with Section 210.04 to verify the material still meets product specifications.
210.06 Payment Adjustment System
If the asphalt material represented by any one sample does not conform to the requirements herein and the material is a pay item, the Engineer will reduce the Contract unit price for the item by 4 percent for each property that does not conform to the Specifications for the quantity represented by the sample that was used on the project. The Engineer will reject any unused material represented by the failing sample. The Engineer will consider any failed sampled asphalt material that is not a pay item unacceptable and subject to the provisions of Section 105.18 and Section 106.10. SECTION 211—ASPHALT CONCRETE
211.01 Description
Asphalt concrete shall consist of a combination of mineral aggregate and asphalt material mixed mechan - ically in a plant specifically designed for such purpose. An equivalent single-axle load (ESAL) will be established by the Engineer, and SUPERPA VE mix types may be specified as one of the types listed as follows:210.05
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 188–191 of 1,065.