303 (2) Day and Nighttime Color and Luminance (Y%): According to ASTM D6628.
3.Durability: Material shall have a durability rating of at least 8 when determined in the wheel path area.
4.Skid Resistance: The initial skid resistance shall be at least 45 BPN when tested according to ASTM E303, if available.
5.Thickness: Not to exceed 15 mils.
b.Batch Testing Temporary pavement marking paint materials batch testing will be performed by the De - partment on samples obtained from the point of manufacture or from the field in accor - dance with the Materials Division’ s Manual of Instructions. The batch tests and results are the same batch test parameters described in the section above for waterborne paint. SECTION 247—REFLECTIVE SHEETING
247.01 Description
This specification covers reflective sheeting used on traffic control devices to provide a retroreflective surface or message. The color of the reflective sheeting shall be as specified in the Contract. Reflective sheeting shall be certified in accordance with Section 106.06.
247.02 Detail Requirements
Reflective sheeting shall be selected from the Department’ s Approved List 46. Except where outdoor test - ing is not required (as noted herein), the sheeting and any applied coatings including inks, overlay films, and all other coatings shall be tested by either NTPEP , the Department, or other Department-approved facilities, to ensure all the materials and the completed sign meet the outdoor weathering requirements in ASTM D4956 for both Retroreflectivity and Daytime Color (Chromaticity and Luminance Factor %). Reflective inks and overlay films shall be approved by the sheeting manufacturer. All orange and pink sheeting shall be fluorescent (except where noted).
a.ASTM D4956, Type IX and XI Reflective Sheeting shall be used for Overhead Permanent Signs as specified in Section 701. Retroreflectivity and Color requirements shall be maintained for the values listed in ASTM D4956 after 3 years on the outdoor weathering test rack.
b.ASTM D4956, Type IV , IX and XI Reflective Sheeting shall be used for Non-Overhead Permanent Signs as specified in Section 701. Retroreflectivity and Color requirements shall be maintained for the values listed in ASTM D4956 after 3 years on the outdoor weathering test rack.247.02 304(c) ASTM D4956 Type IX or XI Reflective sheeting shall be used on rigid devices that are not permanent signs or object markers, including but not limited to the following: • Temporary rigid (non-rollup) signs • Delineators (Standard ED-2, Standard ED-3, barrier, and guardrail) • Permanent impact attenuators (except permanent sand barrels) • Guardrail end terminals • Type 3 barricades (Orange sheeting does not have to be Fluorescent) • Group 2 channelizing device vertical panels • Directional indicator barricades • STOP/SLOW hand paddles • Rear panels of truck- and trailer-mounted attenuators • Barrier panels temporarily installed on traffic barrier service The yellow portions of such devices shall be fluorescent. Retroreflectivity and Color requirements for all colors (except fluorescent orange and fluorescent pink) shall be maintained for the values listed in ASTM D4956 after 3 years on the outdoor weath - ering test rack. The retroreflectivity of fluorescent orange and fluorescent pink sheeting after 1 year on the out - door weathering test rack shall be at least 50% of the retroreflectivity values specified for new (non-weathered) sheeting. Color requirements for fluorescent orange and fluorescent pink sheeting shall be maintained after 1 year on the outdoor weathering test rack.
d.ASTM D4956 Type IV reflective sheeting meeting the ASTM D4956 Supplementary Requirements (S2) shall be used on the following traffic control devices: • Tubular markers • Flexible post delineators • Drums (See Note 1 below) • Temporary sand barrels (See Note 1 below) • Permanent sand barrels • Cones Note 1 - Reflective sheeting on temporary sand barrels and drums shall also conform to the following table: Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection R A (RA =Candelas per foot-candle per square foot) Observation Angle ( °) Entrance Angle ( °) White Fluorescent Orange 0.2 -4 400 175 0.2 +30 200 100 0.2 +40 135 60 0.2 +45 120 40 0.5 -4 150 70 0.5 +30 50 30 0.5 +40 45 25 0.5 +45 40 20247.02 305The retroreflectivity of the sheeting after 1 year on the outdoor weathering test deck shall be at least 50 percent of the retroreflectivity values specified for new (non-weathered) sheeting, except that outdoor weathering testing is not required for reflective sheeting on cones. Color requirements shall be maintained after 1 year on the outdoor weathering test rack, except that outdoor weathering testing is not required for reflective sheeting on cones.
e.Grade DOT-C2 Conspicuity Tape shall conform to the retroreflectivity requirements of 49 CFR 571.108 and shall be used to delineate the back frame of trailer mounted traffic control devices (including, but not limited to, Portable Changeable Message Signs, Automatic Flagger Assistance Devices, electronic arrow boards, speed trailers, camera trailers, and portable lights) and traffic control devices equipped with gate arms. Daytime Color shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D4956 . Outdoor weathering testing is not required for Grade DOT -C2 conspicuity tape.
f.Reflective sheeting used on Retroreflective Rollup Signs shall conform to the following: Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection R A (RA =Candelas per foot-candle per square foot) Observation Entrance White Green Fluorescent Fluorescent Angle ( °) Angle ( °) Orange Pink 0.2 –4 500 60 200 200 0.2 +30 200 24 80 100 0.5 -4 225 - 90 100 0.5 +30 85 27 35 35 1.0 -4 20 10 10 10 1.0 +30 15 - 8 10 1.5 -4 5 - 3 2 1.5 +30 4 - 1.5 2 Outdoor weathering testing is not required for reflective sheeting used on rollup signs.
g.Reflective sheeting on hand signaling flags and gate-arm flags shall conform to the following: Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection R A Observation Angle ( °) Entrance Angle ( °) Orange/Red Sheeting (R A) 0.2 –4 50
247.03 Reflective Sheeting Warranty Requirements
The minimum values of retroreflectivity maintained during the warranty period shall be the same as those required for the maintained coefficient of retroreflection values as indicated in ASTM D4956 for Outdoor Weathering Photometric Requirements for All Climates. Loss of colorfastness is considered to have occurred if the color of the sheeting is not within the color specification limits in ASTM D4956 during the full duration of the warranty period. Warranty periods shall begin on the date of installation. Contractor shall label permanent signs with date of installation as per Section 701.247.03 306(a) Permanent Devices with ASTM D4956 Types IX or XI sheeting: 12-year warranty with 7 years being 100% full replacement covering all material and labor costs associated with fabrication and installation of the sign or device and the final 5 years being 100% sheeting material replacement cost.
b.Permanent Devices with ASTM D4957 Types IV sheeting: 10-year warranty with 7 years being 100% full replacement covering all material and labor costs associated with fabrication and instal - lation of the sign or device and the final 3 years being 100% sheeting material replacement cost.
c.Temporary rigid signs, rollup signs, and other temporary devices: 3-year full replacement covering all material and labor costs associated with fabrication of the sign or device. SECTION 248—STONE MATRIX ASPHALT CONCRETE
248.01 Description
These specifications cover the materials used to produce stone matrix asphalt (SMA) concrete pavement. SMA shall be in accordance with this specification and Section 211. SMA consists of a combination of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, mineral filler, fiber additives, and liquid asphalt binder mechanically mixed in a plant to produce a stable gap-graded asphalt concrete paving mixture.
248.02 Materials
a.Coarse Aggregate: Coarse aggregate shall conform to the following requirements when tested in accordance with the specified tests: Requirement Test Value Los Angeles Abrasion AASHTO T96 40% max. Flat and Elongated Particles: Measured on No. 4 retained, VTM-121 3 to 1 20% max. 5 to 1 5% max. Magnesium Sulfate Soundness Loss, 5 cycles AASHTO T104 15% max. Particles retained on No. 4 sieve shall have at least ASTM D5821 1 fractured face 100% min. 2 fractured faces 90% min. Absorption AASHTO T85 2% max. Except for the determination of flat and elongated particles {Section 248.02(a)}, the aggregate properties specified are for each stockpile of coarse aggregate material designated on the job mix form (Form TL-127). The material contained in each stockpile shall meet the minimum or maximum criteria specified. For flat and elongated particles, these values are based on the mathematical blend of the coarse aggregate material designated on the job mix form (TL-127). During production, these values are based on the SMA material sampled during the acceptance process (QC testing). SMA must contain two or more coarse aggregate sizes. At least two of the aggregate sizes must comprise a minimum of 10% of the total mix composition each. At least one cold feed bin shall be used for each aggregate size.247.03
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 331–333 of 1,065.