624Payment will be made under: ————————————————————————————————— Pay Item Pay Unit————————————————————————————————— Grinding Minor Defect Each Structural Steel Heat-Straightening Lump Sum Ultrasonic Impact Treatment Linear Foot Modify Steel Beam/Girder End Each Replace Bearing Each Reset Existing Rocker Expansion Bearing Each Modify Existing Rocker Expansion Bearing Each Modify Existing Fixed Bearing Each Field Welding – (Type and Size) Linear Foot Partial Beam/Girder Replacement Pounds Crack Repair (Type) Each or Linear Inch Jacking and Blocking Beam Each—————————————————————————————————— SECTION 427—SILICONE JOINT SEALANTS
427.01 Description
This work shall consist of sealing joints, with rapid curing silicone sealant in accordance with this section and in conformity with the lines shown on the plans or as established by the Engineer.
427.02 Materials
a.Silicone Joint Sealant: Self-leveling and other silicone joint sealants shall be a Class D silicone sealant conforming to Section 212 and shall be selected from the VDOT Materials Division’ s Approved Products List 27.
b.Backer Rod: Backer Rod shall conform to Section 212.
c.Primer: Primer shall be in accordance with the silicone joint manufacturer’ s recommendations.
427.03 Procedures
a.Manufacturer’s Representative: The Contractor shall have present at the beginning of the initial joint sealing operation for each structure a manufacturer’ s representative, knowledgeable in the methods of installation of the sealant, to certify that the Contractor’ s personnel installing the material are knowledgeable and can demonstrate an ability to install the material in accordance with the manufacturer’ s recommendations. The Contractor shall also arrange to have the manufacturer’ s representative present during testing of the joint material by the Department.
b.Forming New and Reconstructed Joints: The Contractor shall form new and reconstructed joints to provide the nominal opening at the specified temperature as shown on the plans. Sides of the joints shall be parallel to each other. Edges of the joint shall be rounded to a radius of ¼ inch. The Contractor may be required to saw or grind any new or reconstructed joint having an insufficient 426.04 625opening to the proper size at no additional cost to the Department. If a new or reconstructed joint is larger than specified, and is too large to accommodate the silicone sealant, the end of the slab shall be cut back at least 12 inches from the edge of the joint, to a depth of 1 inch below the top mat of reinforcing steel, and rebuilt with Class A4 concrete to obtain the specified joint opening. New concrete shall cure for a minimum of 14 days before joint sealing operations will be allowed to continue. Reconstructing new or reconstructed over width joints to the specified size shall be at no additional cost to the Department.
c.Preparing Joint: The Contractor shall abrasive blast clean joint surfaces in a sweeping motion to remove all non-adherent laitance, oil, grease or other foreign or deleterious matter before placement of sealant. Joints may require saw cutting to obtain the specified width and depth. The Contractor shall blow joint surfaces clean with dry, clean compressed air of sufficient pressure (min. 90 psi) so that the joint is dust free after abrasive blasting. If more than one hour lapses between the joint cleaning and silicone sealant installation, the joint shall be re-cleaned with compressed air to ensure a dust free surface. Existing joints shall be prepared or reconstructed according to Section 412. Preparing or reconstructing existing joints will be measured and paid for under the appropriate items in Section 412. Abrasive blast cleaning and dust removal shall be included in the contract unit price of silicone joint sealant.
d.Installing Material: The Contractor shall only install silicone sealant when the ambient air temperature is between 50°F and 80°F . The Contractor shall apply silicone sealant with pneumatic extrusion guns or industrial caulk guns in accordance with the sealant manufacturer’ s instructions or approval. The Contractor shall apply a primer recommended by the sealant manufacturer to the joint surfaces in accordance with the silicone manufacturer’ s recommendations and allow the primer to completely dry prior to installing the backer rod. The backer rod shall be oversized a minimum of 25% and shall be installed to a depth that will allow the finished sealant to be 1/2 inch below the top of the slab. The backer rod should be continuous, however, if this is not possible, the two ends must be butted together and taped with a bond breaking tape. The joint seals shall be installed along the entire width of the deck and shall extend at least 1 foot 6 inches up each side of the bridge barrier or parapet. Bridges with curbs rather than barriers shall have joint material installed in the entire width of the curb. Silicone sealant shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’ s instructions.
e.Testing: After the silicone sealant has properly cured and before the work has been accepted, the Contractor shall perform a field adhesion test on the in-place sealant. The Engineer shall designate all areas for field adhesion tests and all testing shall be performed in the presence of the Engineer and the manufacturer’ s representative. A minimum of one field adhesion test shall be performed per 20 linear feet of joint or fraction thereof. If joints are less than 20 linear feet in length, then one field adhesion test shall be performed per joint. The field adhesion test shall be performed as follows:
1.Make a knife cut perpendicular to the joint from one side of the joint to the other.
2.Make 2 parallel cuts approximately 2 inches long, along each side of the joint.427.03 626 3. Place a mark on the sealant 1 inch from the free end.
4.Grasp the end of the sealant firmly at the 1-inch mark and pull at a 90° angle to the slab. Hold a ruler alongside the sealant.
5.The test will be considered passing if the 1 inch mark on the sealant can be pulled 4-1/2 inches and held for a minimum of 60 seconds with no failure of sealant.
6.Sealant shall be repaired in the test areas, where good adhesion was obtained, by applying more sealant in accordance with this section. Care should be taken that the original sealant surfaces are clean so that good bond between the new and old sealant will be obtained. Repairing test areas shall be at no additional cost to the Department. If any sample area fails the adhesion test then the Contractor shall perform two (2) additional tests, one on each side of the failed area at approximately 2-foot spacing. Failure of either of the two addi - tional adhesion tests shall be cause for the rejection of that 20-foot section or fraction thereof of the joint that was tested. Failed Area Joint Repair: Failed portion of the joint sealant shall be removed and joint opening shall be prepared and the sealant installed in accordance with this section. New sealant in the repair areas shall be tested after curing. Repairing or replacing defective joint material shall be at no additional cost to the Department. After field adhesion testing, and prior to the work being accepted by the Department the Contractor shall perform a leak test on transverse joints in bridge decks and joints between decks and backwalls, unless otherwise directed on the plans. The leak test shall consist of flooding the deck surface with water and observing the underside of the joints for evidence of leaks. The detailed procedure for the leak test shall be developed by the Contractor, in conjunction with the manufacturer, and submitted to the Engineer for review and approval prior to performing the test. The leak test shall expose the observed portion of the joint to positive hydraulic pressure for a period of no less than 30 minutes. The Contractor shall repair leaking joints in accordance with the manufacturer’ s recommendations at no additional cost to the Department. Joints other than transverse joints in bridge decks or between decks and backwalls do not require leak testing.
f.Warranty: The Contractor shall warrant silicone joint sealing systems against adhesion loss and leakage for 12 months beginning on the project acceptance date or upon the completion of the joint seal - ing work, as determined by the Engineer. The Contractor shall replace any joint sealant system exhibiting adhesion loss or leakage during the first 12 months of service at no additional cost to the Department.
427.04 Measurement and Payment
Silicone joint sealant, when a pay item, will be measured in linear feet along the pavement surface from out to out of the deck slab, complete-in-place, and will be paid for at the contract unit price per linear foot for the width specified. This price shall include furnishing and installing the joint material in accordance with this specification and the manufacturer’ s instructions, all costs associated with the manufacturer’ s representative, testing, and warranting the joint sealant’ s performance. Payment will be made under: ———————————————————————Pay Item Pay Unit———————————————————————Silicone joint sealant (width) Linear foot———————————————————————427.03 627SECTION 428—CONCRETE SURFACE PENETRANT SEALER
428.01 Description
This work shall consist of furnishing and applying a water repellant concrete surface penetrant in accor - dance with this section and in conformity with the details and locations indicated on the plans. The color of the penetrant sealer shall be clear.
428.02 Materials
Penetrant sealer shall be from the VDOT Materials Division’ s Approved Products List 30.
428.03 Procedures
The Contractor shall apply penetrant sealer in accordance with the manufacturer’ s instructions, except as otherwise specified herein. The penetrant sealer shall not be applied until all adjacent or superim - posed concrete placements have been completed. The Contractor shall abrasive blast clean all surfaces to receive the penetrant sealer to provide a clean uniform texture, free of foreign substances such as oils, release agents, curing agents, or efflorescence. All abrasive blasting residue shall be completely removed and disposed of away from the area of application prior to application of the penetrant sealer. The Contractor shall thoroughly mix each container of penetrant sealer material according to the manu - facturer’ s recommendations. The penetrant sealer material shall be applied by experienced persons using spray, brush or roller and shall not be thinned or reduced, except as may be specifically required by the manufacturer. Application rates and number of coats shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’ s recommendations. All construction debris and abrasive blast residue shall be properly disposed of offsite in accordance with Section 106.04 once this work is completed.
428.04 Measurement and Payment
Concrete surface penetrant sealer will be measured in square yards and will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard. This price shall include preparing surface, and furnishing and applying the sealer. Payment will be made under: ———————————————————————————Pay Item Pay Unit———————————————————————————Concrete Surface Penetrant Sealer Square Y ard———————————————————————————428.04
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 652–654 of 1,065.