Wisconsin WisDOT Standard Specifications (within FDM) — Section 420

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 163 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 420 Diamond Grinding

420.1Description

(1)This section describes continuous diamond grinding and intermi ttent diamond grinding for surface

restoration of existing or re paired pavement and profile correction for new pavement. 420.2 (Vacant)

420.3Construction 420.3.1 General

(1)Diamond grind the existing con crete pavement to provide a uniform surface that is reasonably plane,

free of excessively large scarif ication marks, and has the grad e and cross slope the plans show or the engineer specifies. Do not damag e the remaining pavement. Do no t grind deeper than 3/4 inch from the top of the original surface.

(2)Complete full-depth and partia l-depth concrete repairs, slabs tabilization, dowel bar retrofit, and other

pavement repair operations befor e grinding. Begin and end grinding at lines perpendicular to the roadway centerline at the projec t limits. Do not overlap adjace nt grinding passes by more than 1-inch. Do not leave un-ground surface area between passes.

(3)Grind joint or crack faults so there is no more than a 1/16-in ch differential between the adjacent sides

of the joints and cracks. Grind warped and curled slabs as requ ired to provide an acceptable ride. Provide smooth transitions from the edge of the mainline to sho ulders, adjacent lanes, and ramps leaving no more than a 3/16-inch ridge at transitions. Grind adjacent pavement and paved shoulders as necessary to feather in a smoot h transition and maintain drainage. Do not grind approach slabs unless necessary to provi de a smooth transition.

(4)Provide lateral drainage by maintaining a constant cross slope between grinding extremities in each

lane including feathered areas of t he shoulder. Ensure that the finished cross slope conforms to the plans and has no depressions or slope misalignment greater than 1/4-inch in 12 feet when measured perpendicular to the centerline with a 12-foot straightedge.

(5)Do not diamond grind over valves, manholes, or other fixtures. Provide a smooth taper from the

diamond ground surface to the top of the fixture. 420.3.2 Equipment 420.3.2.1 General

(1)Use self-propelled grinding ma chines with depth, grade, and slope controls designed for grinding and

texturing concrete. Equip grinding machines with diamond blades and a vacuuming system capable of removing liquid and solid residue from the ground surface. Shro ud the machine to prevent discharging loosened material into adjacent work areas or live traffic lanes.

(2)Do not use equipment that causes raveling, aggregate fractures , joint deflection, or other damage to

material remaining in place.

(3)Maintain equipment in proper working order. Ensure that the ma tch and depth control wheels are

round. Stop grinding and immedi ately replace out-of-round wheels. 420.3.2.2 Continuous Grinding

(1)Under the Continuous Diamond Grinding Concrete Pavement bid it em, ensure that the grinding

machine, including the grinding head, weighs 35,000 pounds or m ore, will grind a strip at least 4 feet wide, and has an effective wheel base of 25 feet or more. 420.3.2.3 Intermittent Grinding

(1)For intermittent grinding required for ride correction under 740, ensure that the grinding machine will

grind a strip at least 3 feet wi de and has an effective wheel b ase of 12 feet or more. The engineer may require continuous grinding equipment if intermittent grinding equipment does not produce acceptable results. 420.3.3 Final Surface Finish

(1)Produce a surface that is true in grade and uniform in appeara nce. Provide a longitudinal line-type

texture with corrugations parallel to the outside pavement edge .

(2)Select the number of diamond blades per foot that will provide the proper surface finish for the

aggregate type. Determine the seq uence of operations and number of passes required to meet the specifications.

(3)Ensure that ridges are 1/16 to 3/16 inches higher than the bot tom of the grooves and uniformly spaced

as follows: For limestone: 0.09 to 0.11 inches between grooves.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 164 2019 Standard Spec ifications For gravel: 0.06 to 0.09 inches between grooves.

(4)Ensure that a minimum of 95 percent of any 4-foot by 100-foot section is textured. Remove unbroken

fins as the engineer directs. 420.3.4 Residue Disposal

(1)Remove solid and liquid grindi ng residues from the roadway by vacuuming. Leave the roadway in a

clean, damp condition immediately behind the grinding machine. Remove residue immediately in areas of cross traffic. Do not a llow residue and water to flow or blow across lanes used by public traffic or to enter any storms ewer, stream, lake, r eservoir, marsh, or wetland. Dispose of residue and water at an acceptable material disposal site located off the project limits and as shown in the ECIP. 420.3.5 Smoothness Requirements

(1)Measure IRI for surfaces the contract designates for continuous grinding both before and after

grinding. Conform to 740 except as follows: - Submit smoothness assurance reports to the engineer before an d after grinding for IRI and before and after correcting areas of longitudinal surface deviation. - Straight edging is required to identify depressions or slope misalignment as specified in 420.3.1(4) . - No quality control plan is req uired. The contractor need only provide the name and certifications for the profiler operator and identify segment locations of each profil e run. - The profiler and operator need only be on site when before-gr inding and after-grinding profiles are run; and when conducting correctiv e grinding operations.

(2)The department will adjust pay for smoothness based on the final ride measured after initial grinding

and corrective grinding done under 740.3.4.4 is completed.

420.4Measurement

(1)The department will measure Cont inuous Diamond Grinding Concrete Pavement by the square yard

acceptably completed, measured as the final textured surface ar ea regardless of the number of passes required to achieve acceptable results. The department w ill include minor areas of un-ground surface within the ground area.

(2)If conditions require a feather pass into the shoulder, adjace nt lanes, or ramps , the department will

also measure an area 2 feet wi de times the length of the feathe r pass or an additional 20 square yards whichever is greater. 420.5 Payment

(1)The department will pay for the measured quantity at the contr act unit price under the following bid

item: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT

420.1000 Continuous Diamond Grinding Concrete Pavement SY

(2)Payment for Continuous Diamond Gr inding Concrete Pavement is f ull compensation for grinding to

improve ride including measuring IRI before and after grinding; for feathering in adjacent surfaces; for removing unbroken fins; and for hauling and off-site disposal o f grinding residue. The department will adjust pay for smoothness as specified in 740.5 .

(3)Corrective grinding for ne w pavement required under 740 is incidental to the contract.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 165 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 450 General Requirements for Asphaltic Pavements

450.1Description

(1)This section describes requirem ents common to plant mixed asph altic bases and pavements.

Exceptions and additional requirements are specified in 455 thr ough 475.

450.2Materials

450.2.1 Acronyms and Definitions

(1)Interpret materials related ac ronyms used in sections 450 through 499 as follows:

FRAP Fractioned reclaimed asphaltic pavement HMA Hot mix asphalt JMF Job mix formula PG Performance graded RAP Reclaimed asphaltic pavement RAS Recycled asphalt shingles SMA Stone matrix asphalt VMA Voids in mineral aggregate WMA Warm mix asphalt

(2)Interpret materials related def initions used in sections 450 t hrough 499 as follows:

Additive A material blended with asphalt ic binder or aggregate to enhance the characteristics of the final HMA blend, but that does not a lter the binder performance grade. Asphaltic binder The predominant asphalt cement in HMA. Filler Mineral fillers, used primar ily to fill voids between aggregat e particles to meet gradation requirements. Fractionated reclaimed asphaltic pavement Reclaimed asphalt pavement processed by screening and separating by maximum and minimu m particle size, asphalt content, asphalt performance grade, and aggregate characteristics. Leveling layer A thin HMA layer placed to eliminate irregularities in the pro file or thickness of underlying pavement layers. Lower layer An asphaltic pavement layer bel ow the upper layer in the compl eted pavement structure. There may be multiple lower layers. Modifier A material blended with the asphaltic binder to enhance its characteristics by modifying th e performance grade of the binde r. Reclaimed asphaltic pavement Material resulting from cold m illing or crushing existing asph altic pavement. Recycled asphalt shingles Waste material from a shingle manufacturing facility, either n ew or used material salvaged from resid ential roofing operations, or any combination of these materials ground to ensure that 100 percen t will pass a 3/8 sieve and processed to rem ove deleterious mater ial. Upper layer The top asphaltic pavement layer in direct contact with traffi c in the completed pavements tructure. There is only one upper layer. Warm mix asphalt Asphaltic mixture containing a w arm mix additive or using a warm mix process that reduces the mi xing and compaction temperatures typically required for that application. Wedging A tapered layer of asphaltic pavement used to build up an exis ting surface. Wedging layers may be th icker or thinner than standard pavement layers. 450.2.2 Aggregate Sampling and Testing

(1)The department and the contractor will sample and test accordi ng to the following methods, except as

revised with the engineer's approval: Sampling a ggregates .......................................................................................................... .............. AASHTO T2 Material finer than No. 200 sieve ............................. ............................................................... ........ AASHTO T11 Sieve analysis o f aggregates .................................. ............................................................... ......... AASHTO T27 Mechanical analysis o f extracted aggregate .................... ............................................................... AASHTO T30 Sieve analysis o f mineral filler .............................. ............................................................... ........... AASHTO T37 Los Angeles abrasion of coarse aggregate ...................... .............................................................. AASHTO T96 Freeze-thaw soundness of coarse a ggregate ..................... .......................................................... AASH TO T103

Source: Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Highway and Structure Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 172–173 of 601.

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