Wisconsin WisDOT Standard Specifications (within FDM) — Section 455

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 172 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 455 Asphaltic Materials

455.1Description

(1)This section describes asphalti c materials including asphaltic binders, cements, cut-back asphalts, emulsified asphalts, and similar products. This section also de scribes applying tack coat.

455.2Materials

455.2.1 General (1)Furnish asphaltic material that meets the minimum PG binder gr ade the contract specifies. Furnish binder with an S designation unless the contract specifies othe rwise. Ensure that the material furnished conforms to the department’s Combined State Binder Gr oup Method of Acceptance for Asphalt Binders available at: https://wisconsindot.gov/Documents/doing-bus/eng-consultants/cnslt-rsrces/tools/qmp/csbg-policy.pdf 455.2.2 Sampling 455.2.2.1 PG Asphalts (1)Sample according to the department’s Combined State Binder Gro up Method of Acceptance for Asphalt Binders available at: https://wisconsindot.gov/Documents/doing-bus/eng-consultants/cnslt-rsrces/tools/qmp/csbg-policy.pdf 455.2.2.2 MC, SC, and Emulsified Asphalts (1)Sample asphaltic material at t he job site either before or during unloading. Obtain the engineer's approval of sampling methods and have the engineer observe the sampling. If sampling outside established job working hours , arrange for a department represe ntative to be present. (2)Obtain representativ e samples at the frequen cy specified in CMM 8-50 exhibit 1 and according to AASHTO R66 excep t as follows: - If bleeding through a drain-cock in the tr ansfer line, allow at least 5 minutes between samples. - If sampling from a valve ins talled in the si de or end of the delivery vehicle tank, the valve must be between the quarter points of the tank’s v ertical diameter. Draw off an d discard enough material to clear the intake line of material from previ ous loads before sampling. (3)Use only clean, dry sample cont ainers free from cleaning oil o r other contamination. Do not contaminate samples. Tightlys eal, mark for identification, and submit to the engineer immediately after filling. The department’s laboratory will test the material. 455.2.3 Testing455.2.3.1 PG Asphalts (1)Test according to the department’s Combined State Binder Group Method of Acceptance for Asphalt Binders available at: https://wisconsindot.gov/Documents/doing-bus/eng-consultants/cnslt-rsrces/tools/qmp/csbg-policy.pdf 455.2.3.2 MC, SC, and Emulsified Asphalts (1)Test MC and SC materials according to the following: TEST AASHTO ASTM Flash point, open tag T 79 ___ Flash point, Cle veland cup T 48 ASTM D92 Kinematic viscosity T 201 ASTM D2170 Distillation T 78 AST M D402 Penetration T 49 ASTM D5 Ductility T 51 ___ S olubility in trichloroethylene T 44 ASTM D2042 Water T 55 ASTM D95 (2)Test emulsified asphalts according to AASHTO T59. 455.2.4 Physical Properties 455.2.4.1 PG Asphalts (1)Furnish material conforming to the department's Combined State Binder Group Method of Acceptance for Asphalt Binders available at: https://wisconsindot.gov/Documents/doing-bus/eng-consultants/cnslt-rsrces/tools/qmp/csbg-policy.pdf 455.2.4.2 MC and SC Asphalts (1)Furnish material conforming to the following:

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 173 2019 Standard Spec ifications Type MC asp halts .............................................. ............................................................... ............. AASHTO M82 Type SC asp halts .............................................. ............................................................... ........... AASHTO M141

(2)If sampling at the job site, also conform to kinematic viscosi ty requirements as follows:

VISCOSITY (in cent istokes at 60 C) TYPE GRADE MINIMUM MAXIMUM MC 30 25 70 MC and SC 70 60 160 MC and SC 250 230 540 MC and SC 800 700 1800 MC and SC 3000 2600 7000 455.2.4.3 Emulsified Asphalts

(1)Furnish material conforming, before dilution, to the following :

Anionic emulsified asphalts ................................... ............................................................... ....... AASHTO M140 Cationic emulsif ied asph alts .................................. ............................................................... ....... AASHTO M208 Polymer-modified cationic e mulsified asphalts ................. ........................................................... AAS HTO M316

(2)If diluting emulsified asphalt, mix thoroughly with an equal q uantity of potable water. If undiluted

samples are not available, test the diluted material and modify AASHTO M140, M208, or M316 to reflect properties resulting from dilution of the asphalt. 455.2.5 Tack Coat Revise 455.2.5(1) to add more options for tack coat material.

(1)Under the Tack Coat bid item, furnish type MS-2, SS-1, SS-1h, CSS-1, CSS-1h, QS-1, QS-1h, CQS-1,

CQS-1h , or modified emulsified asphalt, unless the contract specifies otherwise.

455.3Construction 455.3.1 General

(1)Heat asphaltic materials so that the temperature when entering the mixer or at application is within the

limits the supplier specifies. 455.3.2 Tack Coat 455.3.2.1 General

(1)Apply tack coat only when the ai r temperature is 32 F or more unless the engineer approves otherwise

in writing. Before applying tack coat ensure that the surface i s reasonably free of loose dirt, dust, or other foreign matter. Do not apply to surfaces with standing water. Do not apply if weather or surface conditions are unfavorable or before impending rains.

(2)Use tack material of the type and grade the contract specifies . The contractor may, with the engineer's

approval, dilute tack material as allowed under 455.2.4. Provide calculations using the asphalt content as-received from the supplier and subsequent contractor dilutions to show that as-placed material has 50 percent or more res idual asphalt content. Apply at 0.050 to 0.070 gallons per square yard, after dilution, unless the contract designates otherwise. The enginee r may adjust the application rate based on surface conditions. Limit app lication each day to the area t he contractor expects to pave during that day.

(3)Unless the contract specifies otherwise, keep the road open to all traffic during the work. Plan and

prosecute tacking operations to adequately provide for traffic without damaging the work. 455.3.2.2 Equipment 455.3.2.2.1 General

(1)Have all necessary equipment available on the job before begin ning tack coat operations.

455.3.2.2.2 Tank Car Heating Equipment

(1)Heat the tack material by circulating steam through the coils of the tank or use another engineer-

approved system. Use equipment designed to heat without burning or overheating any portion of the material. Provide effective and po sitive control of the heat at all times.

(2)The department will reject tack ma terial from tank cars withou t heating coils, or with defective heating

coils, unless the contractor use s engineer-approved alternate m ethods to heat the material without introducing moisture. Do not agi tate or heat the tack coat mate rial by directly introducing live steam.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 174 2019 Standard Spec ifications 455.3.2.2.3 Tack Distributors

(1)Provide a tachometer, pressure gauges, and accurate volume mea suring devices or a calibrated tank.

Also provide a thermometer for me asuring the temperature of the tank contents.

(2)Equip distributors with a pump power unit and full circulation spray bars adjustable laterally and

vertically. Provide a heating system that circulates material t hrough the spray bar during the entire heating process. Also provide a hose and spray nozzle to apply tack to areas inaccessible to the spray bar. 455.3.2.3 Preparing the Existing Surface

(1)Prepare the base or existing surface as specified for preparin g the foundation for asphalt surfacing in

211. Immediately before applying tack material, sweep existing surfaces to remove dust, dirt, or other objectionable material. 455.3.2.4 Heating and Applying Asphaltic Materials

(1)The department will reject overhea ted or otherwise damaged tac k material.

(2)Place tack in a single application unless the contract or engi neer specifies other wise. Determine the

appropriate width for the applic ation based on traffic handling and sequencing of subsequent surface course construction. Distribute uniformly over the surface to be treated.

(3)Determine an application rate for the surface condition required to effectively bond the overlying

material. Obtain the engineer's approval for the application ra te. Correct for under application by applying additional material. If t he contractor cannot maintain the application rate within tolerances, discontinue operations and make t he necessary corrections to pe rsonnel or equipment required to remedy the problem.

(4)Turn outside edges nozzles to s pray parallel to the road cente rline. Do not operate with any clogged

nozzles.

(5)Protect structures, as the engi neer approves, to prevent spatter or marring by tacking operations.

Include surfaces of railings, curbs, gutters, and other appurte nances of existing structures. Also protect adjacent concrete pavement that will not be resurfaced with asphaltic pavement or surfacing. 455.3.2.5 Maintaining Tack Coat

(1)Protect and repair the existing surface and the tack coat. Cor rect areas with exce ss or deficient tack

material and any breaks, raveled spots, or other areas where bo nd might be affected.

455.4Measurement

455.4.1 General

(1)The department will measure the Asphaltic Material Seal Coat a nd Tack Coat bid items by the ton or

gallon acceptably completed, based on either shipment net weigh t, or corrected volume. The department will not measure nonconf orming materials unless the engineer allows those materials to remain in place. The department will deduct for material wasted or not actually incorporated in the work. 455.4.2 Corrected Volume

(1)The department will measure asphal tic material for seal coats, tack coats, and similar products in

calibrated tank cars, tank trucks , or storage tanks. Calibrate storage tanks and pr ovide the engineer with charts indicating the depth versus liquid volume relations hip.

(2)The department will corr ect the measured volume to a temperature of 60 F for PG, MC, and SC

asphalts as follows: - If the specific gravity at 60 F is greater than 0.966: V = V1(1.021 - 0.00035T) - If the specific gravity at 60 F is from 0.850 to 0.966 inclusive: V = V1(1.0246 - 0.00041T) Where: V = Volume in gallons at 60 F. V1 = Volume in gallons at observed temperature, F. T = Observed temperature, F.

(3)Calculate the volume correction for emulsified asphalts as fol lows:

V = V1 / (0.985 + 0.00025T) Where: V = Volume in gallons at 60 F.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 175 2019 Standard Spec ifications V1 = Volume in gallons at observed temperature, F. T = Observed temperature, F.

455.5Payment

455.5.1 General

(1)The department will pay for measured quantities at the contrac t unit price under the following bid

items: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT

455.0500 Asphaltic Material Seal Coat TON

05 Asphaltic Material Seal Coat GAL

455.0600 Tack Coat TON

05 Tack Coat GAL

455.5.2 Asphaltic Material Seal Coat

(1)Payment for Asphaltic Material Seal Coat is full compensation for furnishing asphalti c material used in

seal coats provided under 475. The department will pay for nonconforming seal coat material the engineer allows to remain in place at 75 percent of the contrac t unit price. 455.5.3 Tack Coat

(1)Payment for Tack Coat is full compensation for providing tack coat; for preparing t he surface; and for

maintaining the completed work. Revise 455.5.3(2) to allow penalties greater than 25% fo r nonconforming tack coat. This change was implemented in ASP 6 effective with the December 2017 letting.

(2)The department will adjust pay fo r Tack Coat, under the Nonconforming Tack Coat administrative

item, for nonconforming material the engineer allows to remain in place at a maximum of 75 percent of the contract unit price.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 176 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 460 Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement

460.1Description

(1)This section describes HMA mix ture design, providing and maintaining a quality management program

for HMA mixtures, and constructing HMA pavem ent. Unless specifi cally indicated otherwise, references within 460 to H MA also apply to WMA.

460.2Materials

460.2.1 General

(1)Furnish a homogeneous mixture of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, mineral filler if required, SMA

stabilizer if required, recycled material if used, warm mix asp halt additive or process if used, and asphaltic material. Design mixtures conforming to table 460-1 and table 460-2 to 4.0 percent air voids to establish the aggregate structure.

(2)Determine the target JMF asphalt binder content for production from the mix design data

corresponding to 3.0 percent air v oids (97 percent Gmm) target at the design the number of gyrations (Ndes). Add liquid asphalt to achieve the required air voids at Ndes.

(3)For SMA, determine the target J MF asphalt binder content for p roduction from the mix design data

corresponding to 4.0 percent air v oids (96 percent Gmm) target at Ndes. 460.2.2 Aggregates 460.2.2.1 General

(1)Provide coarse aggregates from a department-approved source as specified under 106.3.4.2 . Obtain

the engineer's approval of the aggregates before producing HMA mixtures.

(2)Furnish an aggregate blend cons isting of hard durable particles containing no more than a combined

total of one percent, by weight, of lumps of clay, loam, shale, soft particles, organ ic matter, adherent coatings, and other deleterious m aterial. Ensure that the aggre gate blend conforms to the percent fractured faces and flat & elongated requirements of table 460-2 . If the aggregate blend contains materials from different deposits or sources, ensure that mater ial from each deposit or source has an LA wear percent loss meeting the requirements of table 460-2 . 460.2.2.2 Freeze-Thaw Soundness

(1)If the aggregate blend contains m aterials from different depos its or sources, ensure that material from

each deposit or source has a freez e-thaw loss percentage meetin g the requirements of table 460-2 and 106.3.4.2.2.2. 460.2.2.3 Aggregate Gradation Master Range

(1)Ensure that the aggregate blend, including recycled material a nd mineral filler, conforms to the

gradation requirements in table 460-1. The values listed are de sign limits; production values may exceed those limits. TABLE 460-1 AGGREGATE GRADATION MASTER RANGE AND VMA REQUIREME NTS

SIEVE PERCENT PASSING DESIGNATED SIEVES NOMINAL SIZE No. 1 (37.5 mm) No. 2 (25.0 mm) No.3 (19.0 mm) No. 4 (12.5 mm) No. 5 (9.5 mm) SMA No. 4 (12.5 mm) SMA No. 5 (9.5 mm) 50.0-mm 1 00 37.5-mm 9 0 –100 1 00 25.0-mm 9 0 max 9 0 -100 1 00 19.0-mm ___ 90 max 90 -100 100 100 12.5-mm ___ ___ 90 max 90 -100 100 90 - 97 100 9.5-mm ___ ___ ___ 90 max 90 -100 58 - 72 90 - 100 4.75-mm ___ ___ ___ ___ 90 max 25 - 35 35 - 45 2.36-mm 15 - 41 19 - 45 23 - 49 28 - 58 32 - 67 15 - 25 18 - 28 75-µm 0 - 6.0 1.0 - 7.0 2.0 - 8.0 2.0 - 10. 0 2.0 - 10.0 8.0 - 1 2.0 10.0 - 14.0 % MINIMUM VMA 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0[1] 15.0[2] 16.0 17.0 [1] 14.5 for LT and MT mixes. [2] 15.5 for LT and MT mixes.

Source: Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Highway and Structure Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 181–184 of 601.

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450 General Requirements for Asphaltic Pavements

460 Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement