313 ALASKA 2020 SECTION 615
615-1.01 DESCRIPTION . Furnish and install standard signs and delineators. Remove and
relocate or remove and dispose of existing signs and markers, as specified.
615-2.01 MATERIALS. Use materials that conform to the following Subsections:
Sheet Aluminum 730-2.01 High Density Overlaid Plywood 730-2.02 Retroreflective Sheeting 730-2.03 Sign Posts 730-2.04 Delineator Posts 730-2.05 Acrylic Prismatic Reflectors 730-2.06 Sign Support Fasteners 730-2.07
1.Shop Drawings . Submit shop drawings, for all signs that must meet the ASDS letter width and spacing charts, for approval before fabrication. Submit 4 sets of collated shop drawings prepared according to Subsection 105- 1.02. Show the following on each sign drawing:
a.Dimensions of al l horizontal and vertical characters and spaces
b.Overall dimensions
c.Sign material and sheeting material type
d.Panel thickness
e.Legend and letter series
f.Whether the sign will be framed
2.Sign Fabrication. Use ASTM D4956 Type IV retroreflective sheeting (for lett ering, symbols, borders, and background) on sheet aluminum panels for all signs except the following:
a.Orange Background Signs : Use ASTM D4956 Type VIII, IX, or XI fluorescent orange retroreflective sheeting. For temporary installations, place reflective sheeting on sheet aluminum, plastic, or plywood panels. For Roll -Up signs use 3M series RS 24, Reflexite Marathon Orange, or approved equal (based on durability and reflectivity, as determined by the Engineer). Use flexible signs with fluorescent retroref lective sheeting that is ASTM D4956 Type VI or better.
b.Railroad Crossbucks and Vertical Crossbuck Supports : Use white ASTM D4956 Type VIII, IX, or XI retroreflective sheeting for background of sign and all strips.
c.Non- Illuminated Overhead Signs with White Legends on Green Backgrounds : Use ASTM D4956 Type IX, or XI retroreflective sheeting for legends and background. Create the legend in one of the following ways:
1.Cut border and legend from white ASTM D4956 Type IX, or XI retroreflective sheeting and adhere them to a green ASTM D4956 Type IX background, or
2.Cut stencil of border and legend out of green transparent acrylic film and use transparent adhesive to overlay the film on a white ASTM D4956 Type IX, or XI retroreflective background. 314 ALASKA 2020 d. Fluorescent Yellow -Green School Area Signs : Use ASTM D4956 Type VIII, IX, or XI retroreflective sheeting for background. Use a manufacturer -recommended clear coat on all screened signs. Use sign layouts (including characters, symbols, corner radii, and borders) that conform to the ASDS. Frame all rectangular signs over 53 inches (measured along the horizontal axis) and all diamond shape signs 60 x 60 inches and larger. Construct the frames of aluminum as indicated on the Plans.
3.Sign Posts and Bases. Use sign posts and bases of the types specified. Do not splice sign posts. Use Class A concrete meeting the requirements of Section 501 for overhead sign support foundations. Use Class B concrete for steel -reinforced roadside sign foundations meeting the requirements of Section 550. Concrete for other sign foundations may be Class W.
4.Delineators. Use delineator assemblies that conform to the requirements shown on the Plans. Fabricate flexible delineators using ASTM D4956 Type III, IV, V, IX, or XI Retroreflective Sheeting.
5.Reflective Sheeting Warranty. Supply manufacturer’s warranty for reflective sheeting, including retention of fluorescent yellow -green (measured in accordance with ASTM E2301) for ten years according to the following criteria:
a.Minimum Fluorescent Luminance Factor YF: 20%
b.Minimum Total Luminance Factor YT: 35% The warranty shall stipulate that: If the sheeting fails to meet the minimum fluorescence values within the first 7 years from the date of fabrication of the sign, the manufacturer shall, at the manufacturer’s expense, restore the sign surface to its original effectiveness. If the reflective sheeting fails to meet the minimum fluorescence values within the 8th through 10th year from the date of fabrication, the manufacturer shall, at the manufacturer’s expense, provide enough new replacement sign sheeting to the Department to restore the sign surface to its original effectiveness.
615-3.01 Constructio N Requirements.
1.Place wooden posts in excavated holes to the depth shown on the Alaska Standard Plans .
2.Backfill the space around the posts in the holes to finish ground with selected earth or sand, free of rocks or deleterious material. Place backfill in layers approximately 6 to 12 inches thick and thoroughly compact it.
3.Dispose of surplus excavated material neatly along the adjacent roadway as directed.
4.Install flexible delineator posts according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
5.Attach sign panels to posts, electroliers, traffic signal standards, bridge rails, piers, and abutments using the types and sizes of fastening hardware shown on the Plans.
6.If using existing signs and mileposts that are removed and relocated, ensure they conform to the details shown on the Plans or as directed. 315 ALASKA 2020 7. Notify the Engineer 5 working days prior to beginning sign salvage activities. The Engineer will physically identify those signs to be salvaged. Protect all items from damage during salvaging and delivery. For each sign so designated, disconnect sign post from panel and group the panels together. Group posts together with their hardware. Deliver sign panels, posts and hardware to the State Maintenance Yard noted in the Special Provisions. Do not deliver salvaged materials until they have been inspected and approved by the Engineer. Replace any items damaged by you at no additional cost to the Department. Remove and dispose of project signs and/or parts designated for removal and not selected for salvage. Dispose of foundations from salvaged existing signs in a manner approved of by the Engineer (remove and dispose, abandoned in place, or otherwise). If they are abandoned in place, remove the tops of the foundations, reinforcing steel, anchor bolts, and conduits to a depth of not less than 12 inches below roadway subgrade or unimproved ground, whichever applies. All sig ns and posts at a single installation will be considered as one unit.
8.All materials and finished signs are subject to inspection and acceptance in place.
a.Surfaces exposed to weathering must be free of defects in the coating that impair serviceability or detract from general appearance or color match.
b.Finished signs must be clean and have no chatter marks, burrs, sharp edges, loose rivets, delaminated reflective sheeting, or aluminum marks. Do not make repairs to the face sheet.
9.Install the various breakaw ay assemblies according to the manufacturer’s written instructions. Meet MASH crashworthiness requirement for breakaway hardware, unless approved by the Engineer.
10.Secure the anchors in templates and install them according to the manufacturer’s written instructions.
11.Finish the foundation according to these tolerances:
a.Do not use more than two shims per coupling.
b.Do not use more than three shims to plumb each post.
12.Remove and replace all foundations requiring more than three shims to plumb a post without extra compensation.
13.Construct the top of any foundation located on a slope so that the finished slope passes through the top center of the foundation. Grade the area 24 inches up and down slope of the foundation edge so that no portion of the foundation projects above the surrounding slope and water will drain away from the foundation.
14.Attach a label to the back of all standard signs in the lower right corner. Make the label at least 15 square inches and show the year the sign was purchased from the manufactur er. Show the last two digits of the year in clear and bold numbers. Make the label from ASTM D4956 Type I or brighter retroreflective sheeting. Use background and legend colors meeting Table 615- 1. 316 ALASKA 2020 TABLE 615 -1 DECAL COLORS YEAR BACKGROUND COLOR LEGEND COL OR XXX1 Yellow Black XXX2 Red White XXX3 Blue White XXX4 Green White XXX5 Brown White XXX6 Orange Black XXX7 Black White XXX8 White Black XXX9 Purple White XXX0 Strong Yellow -Green Black Central values and tolerance limits for each color, as ref erenced in the MUTCD, are available from the Federal Highway Administration, (HHS -30), 400 7th St. SW, Washington, D.C. 20590
615-3.02 SIGN PLACEM ENT AND INSTALLATION . The location and type of installation will be
as shown on the Plans. Sign locations are approximate and subject to field adjustment by the Engineer. Do not allow the top of the embedded steel tube to extend more than 2 inches above the surrounding ground and concrete foundation. On all signs, install 2- inch diameter wind washers, colored to match the sign face, between the fastener head and the sign. Use rust -resistant washers fabricated from a material equal in strength to the sign blank. Mount signs on mast arms level. Bring existing signs that are to remain, into conformance with Alaska St andard Plan S -05. Keep existing signs in service until they are no longer needed.
615-4.01 Method of M Easurement.
Standard Signs and Object Markers . By the total area of legend- bearing sign panel erected in place. No deductions in quantity for corner rounding will be made. Nominal dimensions for sign sizes indicated on the Plans will be used to calculate sign pay quantities. Octagons and round signs will be measured as rectangles. Only one side of each double- faced sign will be measured for payment. Removal and Relocation. By each, complete in place. Delineators . By each, complete in place. A single delineator consists of one post equipped with two reflectors. Salvage Sign. By each complete sign delivered in acceptable condition.
615-5.01 BASIS OF PA YMENT. Sign posts, bases, and mounting hardware are subsidiary.
When Items 615.0002.____, 615.0003.____, or 615.0006.____ do not appear on the bid schedule, this work is subsidiary. 317 ALASKA 2020 Payment will be made under: PAY ITEM Item Number Item Description Unit 615.0001.____ Standard Sign SF 615.0002.____ Remove and Relocate Sign EACH 615.0003.____ Remove and Relocate Milepost EACH 615.0004.____ Delineator, Rigid EACH 615.0005.____ Delineator, Flexible EACH 615.0006.____ Salvage Sign EACH 615.0007.____ Salvage and Dispose Sign EACH 318 ALASKA 2020 SECTION 616 THAW PIPE AND THAW WIRES
616-1.01 DESCRIPTION . Furnish, fabricate, and install thaw pipes or electric thaw wire.
MATERIALS
616-2.01 THAW PIPE. Use materials that conform to the following:
Pipe ASTM A53, Galvanized Fittings ASTM A197, galvanized per AASHTO M 232 Pipe Hangers AASHTO M 218 Braces for Stand Pipe ASTM A36, galvanized per AASHTO M 111 Bolts and Nuts ASTM A307, galvanized per AASHTO M 232
616-2.02 THAW WIRE. Provide materials, devices, fittings, and hardware m eeting NEMA
standards and bearing the approval of a third party certification, meeting ANSI Z 34.1. All electrical devices, components, and materials that will be installed in and/or around classified (hazardous) areas shall be rated for the Class, Divisi on, Group Letter, and Temperature Code for the area in which they are installed. The electrical installation shall comply with the applicable Articles of NEC Chapter 5. Deliver all warranties and guarantees provided by the manufacturer to the Engineer bef ore acceptance of this work.
1.Conduit and Fittings.
a.Use conduit, couplings, elbows, and nipples that are rigid, hot -dip galvanized steel meeting ANSI C80.1. Install them as indicated on the applicable drawings. Use threaded type couplings, elbows, and nipp les.
b.Use fittings and miscellaneous conduit hardware that are vapor -proof, galvanized cast iron or steel meeting ANSI/NEMA FB -1 and are compatible with the rigid conduit furnished and installed. Use threaded type fittings.
2.Heat Cable.
a.Use heat cable that meets the following standards:
1.Parallel- circuit, 120, 208, or 240 VAC, 16 AWG minimum copper bus wire, with self - limiting conductive core
2.Modified polyolefin inner jacket, tinned copper or nickel -clad metallic braid, and fluoropolymer overjacket
3.Rated in c onduit at the W/ft output as specified on the drawings. If heat trace cable output is not specified, use 8 W/ft. at 50 °F
4.UL Listed or FM approved specifically as a culvert deicing system in conduit
b.All connection components shall be rated for the areas i n which they are installed. Use power connections and seals specifically designed for use with the particular type and size of heat cable.
3.Controls.
Source: Alaska Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2020 Edition. Pages 341–345 of 584.