871.01 Chain Link Fence.
870.02 Adhesives For Pavement Markers.
a.Permanent Marker Adhesive . Adhesives furnished for use to affix permanent pavement markers to the pavement shall be l isted on List V -2, PERMANENT PAVEMENT MARKERS, MARKER ADHESIVE, DELINEATORS AND HAZARD MARKERS, of the Department's "Materials, Sources, and Devices With Special Acceptance Requirements" Manual. Refer to Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT -355 concerning this l ist.
b.Temporary Marker Adhesive . Adhesives furnished to affix temporary markers to the pavement shall be any suitable type of adhesive for the intended purpose, except that in those locations where the markers will be required to be removed, the adhesiv e shall be a type that will allow for the complete removal of the marker without scarring or disfiguring the pavement.
870.03 Epoxy Adhesives for Bonding Concrete to Concrete and Concrete to Other
Materials. Epoxy adhesive furnished for use in bonding concrete and other materials (except pavement markers) shall meet the appropriate requirements of AASHTO M 235 for the type of work for which the adhesive is to be used. The "Volatile Content, Cured System" requirement of AASHTO M 235 sh all be waived. The Type, Grade, and Class of the epoxy adhesive to be used in the work will be shown by plan details, by these specifications, or as ordered by the Engineer. Adhesives furnished for use shall be listed on List II -7, EPOXIES FOR USE WITH PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE, of the Department's "Materials, Sources, and Devices With Special Acceptance Requirements" Manual. Refer to Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT -355 concerning this list.
870.04 Adhesives for Concrete Anchoring Systems.
Adhesives furnished for use to anchor tie bars in concrete or other concrete anchoring systems shall be listed on List II -15, CONCRETE ANCHORING SYSTEMS, of the Department's "Materials, Sources, and Devices With Special Acceptance Requirements" Ma nual. Refer to Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT -355 concerning this list. FENCING MATERIALS
871.01 Chain Link Fence.
Materials for chain link fence unless specified otherwise on the plans shall conform to the following:
a.Fabric . Fence fabric shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 181 using 2 inch uniform square mesh made from 0.148 inch (9 gage) {3.75 mm} wire with either a Type I, Class D (zinc coated steel); or Type II (Aluminum coated steel) finish. Whe n a polyvinyl chloride coating is specified either a Class A or a Class B coating will be acceptable.
b.Supports . Supports shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 181 and be either metallic coated steel Grade 1 or Grade 2, or Aluminum. Minimum sizes and weights of posts, rails and framing for all steel elements shall be as follows:
871.01 Chain Link Fence.
Steel Fence Supports & Framing Line Post 3-6 ft. {1 - 2 m} high fence 1.90" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 2.72 #/ft. {48 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 4.05 kg/m} 1.90" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 2.28#/ft. {48 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 3.39 kg/m} 1.875" x 1.625" x .105" "C" Section @ 1.85 #/ft. {47 mm x 41 mm x 2.5 mm "C" Section @ 2.75 kg/m} Line Post 7-12 ft. {2.1 - 4 m} high fence 2.375" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 3.65 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 5.43 kg/m} 2.375" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 3.12 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 4.64 kg/m} 2.25" x 1.70" x .121" "C" Section @ 2.64 #/ft. {57 mm x 43 mm x 3 mm "C" Section @ 3.93 kg/m} 2.25" x 1.70" x .143" "H" Section @ 3.26 #/ft. {57 mm x 43 mm x 3.5 mm "H" Section @ 4.85 kg/m} Corner & Pull Posts 3-6 ft. {1 - 2 m} high fence 2.375" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 3.65 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 5.43 kg/m} 2.375" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 3.12 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 4.64 kg/m} 2.5" x 2.5" Sq. Tubing @ 5.70 #/ft. {63 mm x 63 mm Sq. Tubing @ 8.48 kg/m} Corner & Pull Posts 7-12 ft. {2.1 - 4 m} high fence 2.875" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 5.79 #/ft. 73 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 8.62 kg/m 2.875" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 4.64 #/ft. {73 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 6.90 kg/m} 3" x 3" Sq. Tubing @ 9.10 #/ft. {75 mm x 75 mm Sq. Tubing @ 13.54 kg/m} Gate Post for Gate Leaf Width 6 ft. {2 m} and less 2.875" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 5.79 #/ft. {73 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 8.62 kg/m} 2.875" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 4.64 #/ft. {73 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 6.90 kg/m} 2.5" x 2.5" Sq. Tubing @ 5.70 #/ft. {63 mm x 63 mm Sq. Tubing @ 8.48 kg/m} Gate Post for Gate Leaf Width Over 6 ft. to 13 ft. {2 m to 4 m} 4.0" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 9.11 #/ft. {102 mm O.D. Grade 1 P ipe @ 13.56 kg/m} 4.0" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 6.56 #/ft. {102 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 9.76 kg/m} Gate Post for Gate Leaf Width Over 13 ft. to 18 ft. {4 m to 6 m} 6.625" O.D. Pipe @ 18.97 #/ft. {168 mm O.D. Pipe @ 28.3 kg/m} Gate Top & Middle Rail 1.660" O.D. Grade 1Pipe @ 2.27 #/ft. {42 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 3.38 kg/m} 1.660" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 1.84 #/ft. {42 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 2.74 kg/m} Gate Frames 1.660" O.D. Pipe @ 2.27 #/ft, {42 mm O.D. Pipe @ 3.38 kg/m} 1.660" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 1.84 3/ft. {42 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 2.74 kg/m} 2" x 2" Sq. Tubing @ 3.85 #/ft. {50 mm x 50 mm Sq. Tubing @ 5.73 kg/m}
871.02 Woven Wire Fence.
Tolerances for Steel Tubing and Shapes Shape and Size Dimension Weight {Mass} Tubular, to and incl. 1 1/2" {38 mm} + 1/64", - 1/32" {+ 0.5 mm, - 1 mm} + 5% Tubular, larger than 1 1/2" {38 mm} + 1% + 5% "C" Section, to and incl. 2.25"x 1.70" {57 mm x 43 mm} + 0.0625 { + 1.5 mm} + 5% "H" Section, 2.25"x 1.70" {57 mm x 43 mm} & larger + 0.0937 { + 2.5 mm} + 5% Minimum sizes and weights {masses} of posts, rails and framing for all aluminum elements shall be as follows: Aluminum Fence Supports & Framing Line Post 3-6 ft. {1 - 2 m} high fence 2.375" O.D. Pipe @ 1.25 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Pipe @ 1.86 kg/m} 2.25" x 1.95" "H" Section @ 1.25 #/ft. {57 mm x 49 mm "H" Section @ 1.86 kg/m} Line Post 7-12 ft. {2.1 - 4 m} high fence 2.875" O.D. Pipe @ 2.00 #/ft. {73 mm O.D. Pipe @ 2.98 kg/m} 2.5" x 2.5" Sq. Tubing @ 1.25 #/ft. {63 mm x 63 mm Sq. Tubing @ 1.86 kg/m} Corner & Pull Posts 3-6 ft. {1 - 2 m} high fence 3.0" O.D. Pipe @ 2.62 #/ft. {75 mm O.D. Pipe @ 3.90 kg/m} Corner & Pull Posts 7-12 ft. {2.1 - 4 m} high fence 3.0" O.D. Pipe @ 3.00 #/ft. {75 mm O.D. Pipe @ 4.46 kg/m} Gate Post for Gate Leaf Width 6 ft. {2 m} and less 3.0" O.D. Pipe @ 2.62 #/ft. {75 mm O.D. Pipe @ 3.90 kg/m} 3.0" x 3.0" Sq. Tubing @ 2.0 #/ft. {75 mm x 75 mm Sq. Tubing @ 2.98 kg/m} Gate Post for Gate Leaf Width Over 6 ft. to 13 ft. {2 m to 4 m} 4.0" O.D. Pipe @ 3.0 #/ft. {100 mm O.D. Pipe @ 4.46 kg/m} Gate Post for Gate Leaf Width Over 13 ft. to 18 ft. {4 m to 6 m} 6.625" O.D. Pipe @ 7.0 #/ft. {168 mm O.D. Pipe @ 10.42 kg/m} Gate Top & Middle Rail 1.660" O.D. Pipe @ 0.786 #/ft. {42 mm O.D. Pipe @ 1.17 kg/m} Gate Frames 1.660" O.D. Pipe @ 0.786 #/ft. 42 mm O.D. Pipe @ 1.17 kg/m 1.5" x 1.5" Sq. Tubing @ 0.684 #/ft. {38 mm x 38 mm Sq. Tubing @ 1.02 kg/m}
c.Hardware and Fittings . Hardware and fittings shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 181 and be either metallic coated steel or a luminum.
d.Miscellaneous Wire . Tension wire shall be metallic coated steel or aluminum as per AASHTO M 181. Wire used for tying shall be either No. 11 gage {3 mm} metallic coated steel or aluminum.
871.02 Woven Wire Fence.
Materials for woven wire fence unless specified otherwise on the plans shall conform to the following:
a.Fabric . Fence fabric shall meet the requirements of ASTM A 116, Zinc Coate d Steel Woven Wire Fabric, 1047- 6-9, Grade 60, Class 3, or ASTM A 584, Aluminum Coated Steel Woven Wire Fabric, 1047- 6-9.
871.02 Woven Wire Fence.
When so designated on the plans for replacement of farm fencing, or fencing placed as a right-of-way consideration, etc., the Contract or may at his option use fabric as listed above or zinc coated steel wire, ASTM A 116, 1047- 6-12 ½, Class 1 coating unless otherwise noted on the plans.
b.Supports and Framing . Supports for woven wire fence shall be either wood or steel as noted on plan details and if not specified either may be used. Support requirements are as follows:
1.Steel . Steel supports shall meet the requirements of either AASHTO M 181, metallic coated steel posts, rails, or gate frames, Grade 1 or Grade 2, or posts meeting AASH TO M 281, 8 feet {2.4 m} long, galvanized to AASHTO M 111, with anchor plates. When so designated on the plans for replacement of farm fencing, or fencing placed as a right-of-way consideration, etc., the Contractor may at his option use posts as listed ab ove or painted steel posts meeting AASHTO M 281, unless otherwise noted on the plans. Minimum sizes and weights of posts, braces and framing for all steel elements shall be as follows: Steel Fence Supports & Framing Line Post 1.90" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 2.72 #/ft. {48 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 4.05 kg/m} 1.90" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 2.28 #/ft. {48 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 3.39 kg/m} 1.875" x 1.625" x .105" "C" Section @ 1.85 #/ft. {47 mm x 41 mm x 2 mm "C" Section @ 2.75 kg/m} Studded “T” Post with Spade Plate @ 11.3 #/post {Studded “T” Post with Spade Plate @ 5.1 kg/post} Corner, End & Pull Posts 2.375" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 3.65 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 5.43 kg/m} 2.375" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 3.12 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 4.64 kg/m} Brace Posts 1.660" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 2.27 #/ft. {42 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 3.38 kg/m} 1.660" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 1.84 #/ft. {42 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 2.74 kg/m} Gate Post, Hinge Side 4.0" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 9.11 #/ft. {102 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 13.56 kg/m} 4.0" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 6.56 #/ft. {102 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 9.76 kg/m} Gate Post, Latch Side 2.375" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 3.65 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 5.43 kg/m} 2.375" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 3.12 #/ft. {60 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 4.64 kg/m} Gate Frames 1.90" O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 2.72 #/ft. {48 mm O.D. Grade 1 Pipe @ 4.05 kg/m} 1.90" O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 2.28 #/ft. {48 mm O.D. Grade 2 Pipe @ 3.39 kg/m} Tolerances in dimensions and weight shall be the same as specified in Subarticle 871.01(b). Weight tolerance for "T" posts shall be + 5%.
2.Wood . Wood supports shall meet the requirements noted herein except as modified by details shown on the plans. Post s shall be sound and free from decay, other defects, or loose knots. Posts may be round or square sawed meeting the applicable requirements of Section 833. The slope of the grain in sawed posts shall not exceed one in ten. All posts shall be reasonably str aight. Round posts shall be free of multiple crooks and in no case will posts, where the geometric center lies more than 1 inch {25 mm} outside of a straight line drawn from the center of the post at the butt end, less the burying depth to the center of th e tip end, be acceptable. Square sawn posts shall not have crooks in excess of 1 inch
871.05 Concrete For Setting Posts.
in 5 feet {25 mm in 1.5 m}. The length and sizes of wood posts shall be as detailed on the plans within the following tolerances. When so designated on the plans for repl acement of farm fencing, the Contractor may at his option use posts as listed above or wood posts purchased from local dealers, unless otherwise noted on the plans.
a.Round Posts. The furnished posts may include posts from the minimum diameter specified u p to, but not to include, those 1 inch {25 mm} or larger than the minimum diameter designated. When tapered posts are furnished, the diameter at the butt end should not be more than one and one- half inches larger than the diameter measured at the tip end.
b.Sawed Posts. The furnished posts shall be of the dimensions shown on the plans, plus 1/2 inch { 12 mm} or minus 1/4 inch {6 mm}.
c.Lengths. The furnished posts shall not measure over one inch less than specified on the plans. Lengths greater than those shown on plans may be acceptable at the discretion of the Engineer, if not detrimental to the appearance of the fence. All posts shall be pressure treated in accordance with the provisions of Section 833. All job cuts shall be painted with three coats of hot preservative composed of 60 percent Creosote Oil and 40 percent roofing pitch. The Contractor shall have the choice of selecting one of the types of treated timber posts shown on the plans. Once a choice is made and erection begun, the Contractor will not be permitted to change to another type without the written permission of the Engineer.
c.Fasteners . Fasteners for attaching fencing fabric and wire to wooden posts shall be staples formed from 0.148 inch (9 gage) {3.75 mm} diameter galvanized wire, a pproximately 1.5 inches {38 mm} long. Fasteners for attaching wire to steel posts shall be as designated in Subarticle 871.01(d).
871.03 Barbed Wire Fence.
Materials for Barbed Wire Fence shall be as follows, except as modified by plan details:
a.Barbed Wire. Barbed wire shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 280 with a Class 3 galvanized coating, or Aluminum coated steel barbed wire, Type I (Standard), ASTM A 585. When so designated on the plans for replacement of farm fencing, or fencing placed as a right-of-way consideration, etc., the Contractor may at his option use wire as listed above or substitute wire meeting AASHTO M 280, with a Class 1 coating unless otherwise noted on the plans.
b.Supports and Framing . Supports and framing shall meet the requirements of Item 871.02(b)2.
c.Fasteners . Fasteners shall meet the requirements of Subarticle 871.02(c).
871.04 Gates.
Gates, where required, shall be swing -gates as detailed or specified on the plans. The gate frames shall be the height of the top o f the posts and covered with the same wire and fabric used on the fence. The frames shall be formed from tubular shapes meeting the requirements noted in Subarticle 871.01(b) complying with plan details, with all joints welded, or otherwise constructed, to form a rigid unit. Gates for woven wire fencing of another acceptable design may be permitted provided that the gates are so constructed that they will not sag and the design has been approved in writing. All gates shall be furnished complete with approved (tamper -proof) hinges, latches, auxiliary braces, and all other necessary fittings, including a heavy padlock with two keys and one master key for each gate furnished.
871.05 Concrete For Setting Posts.
Concrete for setting posts, etc., shall be Class A concrete complying with applicable portions of Section 501, with the following modifications. The concrete may be dry batched at a central mixing plant and delivered to the project. Before the concrete is placed water shall be added. This may be done in s mall amounts as needed and mixed on a
880.01 Sign Panels.
mixing board or mortar box. After water is added, the mix shall be used within sixty (60) minutes. Posts, braces and brace struts shall be held in proper position until the concrete hardens. The concrete for all corner, brace and line posts shall have cured for 72 hours before any strain is placed on them. SECTION 880 SIGN MATERIALS
880.01 Sign Panels.
a.Aluminum Sign Materials .
1.General . Aluminum sign materials shall conform to the details and thickness's shown on the plans and the following: The materials used, unless otherwise noted by plan details, shall meet the requirements noted below and, in addition, the material used shall be free from corrosion, white rust, water stains, dirt, and grease with the panels processed as noted in Item 2 below. ALUMINUM SIGN MATERIALS USE ALLOY & TEMPER DESIGNATION Sign Panels ASTM B 209 Alloy 5052- H38 or 6061- T6 Extruded Shapes (sign panels), Bars or Rods ASTM B 221 Alloy 6063 – T6 Angles, Structural Shapes (including Stiffeners ) ASTM B 308 Alloy 6061- T6 *Bolts ASTM B 211 Alloy 2024- T4 Tamper Proof Nuts ≤ ¼" ASTM B 211 Alloy 2024 – T4 *Spring Lock Washers ASTM B 211 Alloy 7075- T6 Washers ASTM B 209 Alloy Alclad 2024 – T4 Rivets ASTM B 316 Alloy 6053 – T6 Shims ASTM B 209 Alloy 1100- 0 Flange Splicing Material ASTM B 209 Alloy 6061 – T6 Weld Filler Wire ASTM B 285 Alloy ER 5356 or ER 5556 *Hex. Nuts (Plain) ASTM B 211 Alloy 6262- T9 *Hex. Lock Nuts ASTM B 211 Alloy 2017- T4 * Unless otherwise specified Aluminum bolts, nuts, and washers shall have an anodic coating of at least 0.0002 inch {0.0051 mm} in thickness and shall be chromate sealed. Galvanized bolts, nuts, and washers as specified under Galvanized Signs, or stainless steel hardware meeting the requirements of ASTM F 593, will be acceptable in lieu of the above.
2.Special Treatment of Aluminum Sign Material . Each panel shall receive a chemical conversion treatment that will produce an acceptable etched surface suitable for either porcelainizing or attachment of reflectorized or non -reflectorized sheeting.
3.Tests and Samples. The Contractor shall furnish certified test reports confirming compliance with the requirements noted and, in a ddition, shall furnish samples of all materials used in the signs in accordance with current Departmental policy for evaluation and verification tests.
Source: Alabama Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2022 Edition. Pages 802–806 of 934.