163.1General Description
This work includes constructing and removing: •Silt control gates •Temporary erosion control slope drains shown on the Plans or as directed •Temporary sediment basins •Sediment barriers and check dams •Rock filter dams •Stone filter berms •Stone filter rings •Temporary sediment traps •Other temporary erosion control structures shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer This work also includes applying mulch (e.g., straw, hay, erosion control compost), and temporary grass. 163.1.01 Related References A.Standard Specifications
S ection 890— Seed and Sod
141 141 141 141 141 141 141 141 141 141
B.Referenced Documents AASHTO M252 AASHTO M294 163.1.02 Submittals Provide written documentation to the Engineer as to the average weight of the bales of mulch.
163.2Materials
Provide materials shown on the Plans, such as pipe, spillways, wood baffles, and other accessories including an anti-seep collar, when necessary. The materials shall remain the Contractor’s property after removal, unless otherwise shown on the p lans. Materials may be new or used; however, the Engineer shall approve previously used materials before use. Materials shall meet the requirements of the following specifications: Material Section Mulch 893.2.02 Temporary Silt Fence 171 Concrete Aprons and Footings shall be Class A 500 Rip Rap 603 Temporary Grass 700 Triangular Silt Barrier 720 Coarse Aggregate 800 Lumber and Timber 860.2.01 Preservative Treatment of Timber Products 863.1 Corrugated Polyethylene Temporary Slope Drain Pipe 845 63.2.01 Delivery, Storage, and Handling General Provisions 101 through 150.
163.3Construction Requirements
163.3.01 Personnel General Provisions 101 through 150. 163.3.02 Equipment General Provisions 101 through 150. 163.3.03 Preparation General Provisions 101 through 150. 163.3.04 Fabrication General Provisions 101 through 150. 142 142 142 142 142 142 142 142 142 142
163.3.05 Construction A.Silt Control Gates If silt control gates are required or are directed by the Engineer, follow these guidelines to construct them: 1.Clear and grade only that portion of the roadway within the affected drainage area where the drainag e s tructure will be constructed. 2.Construct or install the drainage structure and backfill as required for stabilit y. 3.I nstall the silt control gate at the inlet of the structure. Use the type indicated on the plans. 4.V ary the height of the gate as required or as shown on the plans. 5.F inish grading the roadway in the affected drainage area. Grass and mulch slopes and ditches that will not b e p aved. Construct the ditch paving required in the affected area. 6.Keep the gate in place until the work in the affected drainage area is complete and the erodible ar ea i s stabilized . 7.R emove the Type 1 silt gate assembly by sawing off the wood posts flush with the concrete apron. Leav e the concrete apron between the gate and the structure inlet in place. The gate shall remain the property o f the Contractor. B.Temporary Slope Drains If temporary slope drains are required, conduct the roadway grading operation according to Section 161 and follow these guidelines:1.Place temporary pipe slope drains with inlets and velocity dissipaters (straw bales, silt fence, or aprons) according to the p lans. 2.Securely anchor the inlet into the slope to provide a watertight connection to the earth berm. Ensure that all connections in the pipe are leak proof. 3.Place temporary slope drains at a spacing of 350 ft. (105 m) maximum on a 0% to 2% grade and at a spacingof 200 ft. (60 m) maximum on steeper grades, or more frequently as directed by the Engineer. Keep the slop e d rains in place until the permanent grass has grown enough to control erosion. 4.Remove the slope drains and grass the disturbed area with permanent grass. However, the temporary slop e d rains may remain in place to help establish permanent grass if approved by the Engineer. C.Temporary Sediment Basins Construct temporary sediment basins according to the Plans at the required locations, or as modified bythe Engineer. 1.Construct the unit complete as shown, including: •Grading •Drainage •Riprap •Spillways •Anti-seep collar •Temporary mulching and grassing on internal and external slopes •Accessories to complete the basin 2.When the sediment basin is no longer needed, remove and dispose of the remaining sediment. 3.Remove the sediment basin. Grade to drain and restore the area to blend with the adjacent landscape. 4.Mulch and permanently grass the disturbed areas according to Section 700. 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143
D.Sediment Barriers Construct sediment barriers according to the Plan details. The following items may be used for sediment barriers1.Type A Silt Fence. 2.Type C Silt Fence. 3.Rectangular, mechanically produced and standard -sized baled wheat straw. 4.Triangular Silt Barrier. 5.Synthetic Fiber: Use synthetic fiber bales of circular cross section at least 18 in. (450 mm) in diameter. Use synthetic bales of 3 ft. or 6 ft . (0.9 m or 1.8 m) in length that are capable of being linked together to form a co ntinuous roll of the desired total length. Use bales that are enclosed in a geotextile fabric and that contain a pre-mad e stake hole for anchoring. 6.Coir: Use coir fiber bales of circular cross section at least 16” (400mm) in diameter. Use coir bales of 10 ft., 15 ft., or 20 ft. (3 m, 4.5 m, or 6 m) in length. Use coir baled with coir twine netting with 2 in. X 2 in . (50 mm X 50 mm) openings. Use coir bales with a dry density of at least 7 lb/ft.3 (112 kg/m3). Anchor in place with 2 in. X in. (50 mm X 100 mm) wooden wedges with a 6 in. (150 mm) nail at the top. Place wedges no more than in. (900 mm) apart. 7.Excelsior: Use curled aspen excelsior fiber with barbed edges in circular bales of at least 18 in. (450 mm) i n d iameter and nominally 10 ft. (3 m) in length. Use excel sior baled with polyester netting with 1 in. X 1 in . ( 25 mm by 25 mm) triangular openings. Use excelsior bales with a dry density of at least 1.4 lb/ft.3 (22 kg/m3). Anchor in place with 1 in. (25 mm) diameter wooden stakes driven through the netting at intervals of no mor e than 2 ft. (600 mm). 8.Compost Filter Sock: Use general use compost (see Subsection 893.2.02.A.5.b) in circular bales at leas t in. (450 mm) diameter. Use compost baled with photo -degradable plastic mesh 5 mils thick with a maximum 0.38 in X 0.38 in (10 mm X 10 mm) openings. Anchor in place with 1 in. (25 mm) diameter wood en s takes driven through the netting at intervals of no more than 2 ft. (600 mm) in concentrated flow applications and no more than 5 ft. (1500 mm) in sheet flow applications. The sock shall be dispersed on site when nolonger required, as determined by the Engineer. Do not use Compost Filter Socks in areas where the use o f f ertilizer is restricted. 9.Compost Filter Berm: Use erosion control compost (see Subsection 893.2.02) to construct an non- compacted 1.5 ft. to 2 ft . (450 mm to 600 mm) high trapezoidal berm which is approximately 2 ft. to 3 ft . ( 600 mm to 1 m) wide at the top and minimum 4 ft. (1.2 m) wide at the base. Do not use Compost Filter Berms in areas where the use of fertilizer is restricted. The construction of the compost filter berm includes the following: a.Keeping the berm in a functional condition. b.Installing additional berm material when necessary. c.Removing the berm when no longer required, as determined by the Engineer. At the Engineer’s discretion, berm material may be left to decompose naturally, or distributed over the adjacent area. E.Other Temporary Structures When special conditions occur during the design stage, the p lans may show other temporary structures for erosion control with required materials and construction methods. 144 144 144 144 144 144 144 144 144 144
F.Temporary Grass Use a quick -growing species of temporary grass such as rye grass, millet, or a cereal grass suitable to the ar ea and season. Use temporary grass in the following situations: •When required by the Specifications or directed by the Engineer to control erosion where permanent grassing cannot be planted. •To protect an area for longer than mulch is expected to last (60 calendar days), p lant temporary grass as follows: 1.Use seeds that conform to Subsection 890.2.01, Seed. Perform seeding according to Section 700; excep t us e the minimum ground preparation necessary to provide a seed bed if further grading is required. 2.Prepare areas that require no further grading according to Subsection 700.3.05.A, Ground Preparation. Omit the lime unless the area will be planted with permanent grass without further grading. In this case,apply the lime according to Section 700. 3.Apply mixed grade fertilizer at 400 lbs ./acre (450 kg/ha). Omit the nitrogen. Mulch (with straw or hay) temporary grass according to Section 700. (Erosion control compost Mulch will not be allowe d w ith grassing .) 4.Before planting permanent grass, thoroughly plow and prepare areas where temporary grass has b een p lanted according to Subsection 700.3.05.A, Ground Preparation . 5.A pply Polyacrylamide (PAM) to all areas that receive temporary grassing. 6.Apply P AM (powder) before grassing or PAM (emulsion) to the hydroseeding operation. 7.Apply PAM according to manufacturer specifications. 8.Use only anionic PAM. For projects that consist of shoulder reconstruction and/or shoulder widening, refer to Section 161.3.05H for Wood Fiber Blanket requirements. G.Mulch When staged construction or other conditions prevent completing a roadway section continuously, apply mul ch ( straw or hay or erosion control compost) to control erosion. Mulch may be used without temporary grassing for 60 calendar days or less. Areas stabilized with only mulch (straw/hay) shall be planted with temporary grass afte r 60 calendar days. Apply mulch as follows: 9.Mulch (Hay or Straw) - Without Grass Seed a.Uniformly spread the mulch over the designated areas from 2 in. to 4 in . (50 mm to 100 mm) thick. b.A fter spreading the mulch, walk in the mulch by using a tracked vehicle (preferred method), empty sheep foot roller, light disking, or other means that preserves the finished cross section of the prepared areas. The Engineer will approve of the method. c.Place temporary mulch on slopes as steep as 2:1 by using a tracked vehicle to imbed the mulch into the slope. d.When grassing operations begin, leave the mulch in place and plow the mulch into the soil during seedbed preparation. The mulch will become beneficial plant food for the newly planted grass . 10.E rosion control compost - Without Grass Seed a.Uniformly spread the mulch (erosion control compost) over the designated areas 2 in. (50 mm) thick. b.When rolling is necessary, or directed by the Engineer, use a light corrugated drum roller. c.When grassing operations begin, leave the mulch in place and plow the mulch into the soil during seedbed preparation. The mulch will become beneficial plant food for the newly planted grass. d.Plant temporary grass on area stabilized with mulch (erosion control compost) after 60 calendar days. e.Do not use Erosion Control Compost in areas where the use of fertilizer is restricted. 145 145 145 145 145 145 145 145 145 145
H.Miscellaneous Erosion Control Items Not Shown on the Plans When conditions develop during construction that were unforeseen in the design stage, the Engineer may dir ect the Contractor to construct temporary devices such as but not limited to: •Bulkheads •Sump holes •Half round pipe for use as ditch liners •U-V resistant plastic sheets to cover critical cut slopes The Engineer and the Contractor will determine the placement to ensure erosion control in the affected area. I.Diversion Channels When constructing a culvert or other drainage structure in a live stream that requires diverting a stream, constr uct a diversion channel. J.Check Dams Check dams are constructed of the following materials; •Stone plain riprap according to Section 603 (Place woven plastic filter fabric on ditch section befor e p lacing riprap.) •Sand bags as in Section 603 without Portland cement •Baled wheat straw •Compost filter socks •Fabric (Type C silt fence) Check dams shall be constructed according to plan details and shall remain in place until the permanent ditch protection is in place or being installed and the removal is approved by the Engineer. K.Construction Exits Locate construction exits at any point where vehicles will be leaving the project onto a public roadway. Installconstruction exits and tire wash area at the locations shown in the plans and in accordance with plan details. Construction exit tire cleaning station shall be installed when conditions dictate additional tire cleaning measures are necessary to assist in protecting public roadways. Tire cleaning station shall consist of two pressure washers,water source and necessary labor and materials to clean tires of exiting vehicles. When conditions warrant the us e of the tire cleaning station or as directed by the Engineer, the Department will pay $750 dollars per day for t he us
review and approval by the Engineer. L.Retrofits Add the retrofit device to the permanent outlet structure as shown on the plan details. When all land disturbing activities that would contribute sediment- laden runoff to the basin are complete, cl ean the basin of sediment and stabilize the basin area with vegetation. When the basin is stabilized, remove the retrofit device from the permanent outlet structure of the detention pond. M.Inlet Sediment Traps Inlet sediment traps consist of a temporary device placed around a storm drain inlet to trap sediment. A n excavated area adjacent to the sediment trap will provide additional sediment storage. Inlet sediment traps may be constructed of Type C silt fence, plastic frame and filter, hay bales, baffle box, orother filtering materials approved by the Engineer. Construct inlet sediment traps according to the appropriate s pecification for the material selected for the trap. Place inlet sediment traps as shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer. 146 146 146 146 146 146 146 146 146 146
N.Rock Filter Dams Construct rock filter dams of the material selected as shown in the approved erosion and sediment control plan. Construct and place this item in accordance with the approved erosion control construction detail(s) and StandardSpecification Section 603. Rock filter dams shall remain in place until the permanent ditch protection is in place or is being installed and theirremoval is approved by the Engineer. O.Stone Filter Berms Construct stone filter berms of the material selected as shown in the approved erosion and sediment control plan.Construct and place this item in accordance with the approved erosion control construction detail(s) and StandardSpecification Section 603. Stone filter berms shall remain in place until the permanent slope protection is in place or is being installed andtheir removal is approved by the Engineer. P.Stone Filter Rings Construct stone filter rings of the material selected as shown in the approved erosion and sediment control plan.Construct and place this item in accordance with the approved erosion control construction detail(s) and StandardSpecification Section 603. A stone filter ring shall remain in place until final stabilization of the area which drains toward it is achieved and itsremoval is approved by the Engineer. Q.Temporary Sediment Traps Construct temporary sediment traps of the material selected as shown in the approved erosion and sediment co ntrol plan. Construct and place this item in accordance with the approved erosion control construction detail(s) and Standard Specification Section 603. A temporary sediment trap shall remain in place until final stabilization of the area which drains toward it i s achi eved and its removal is approved by the Engineer. 163.3.06 Quality Acceptance General Provisions 101 through 150. 163.3.07 Contractor Warranty and Maintenance General Provisions 101 through 150.
163.4Measurement
A.Silt Control Gates Silt control gates are measured for payment by the entire structure constructed at each location complete in pl ace and accepted. Silt control gates constructed at the inlet of multiple lines of drainage structures are measured for payment as a single unit. B.Temporary Slope Drains Temporary slope drains are measured for payment by the linear foot (meter) of pipe placed. When required, the i nlet spillway and outlet apron and/or other dissipation devices are incidental and not measured separately. 147 147 147 147 147 147 147 147 147 147
C.Temporary Sediment Basins Temporary sediment basins are measured for payment by the entire structure complete, including construction, maintenance, and removal. Temporary grassing for sediment basins is measured separately for payment. Measurement also includes: •Earthwork •Drainage •Spillways •Baffles •Riprap •Final cleaning to remove the basin D.Sediment Barriers Sediment barriers are measured by the linear foot (meter). E.Other Temporary Structures Other temporary structures are not measured for payment. Costs for the entire structure complete, including materials, construction (including earthwork), and removal is included in the price bid for the drainage structure or for other Contract items. F.Temporary Grass Temporary grass is measured for payment by the acre (hectare). Lime, when required, is measured by the to n ( megagram). Mulch and fertilizer are measured separately for payment. G.Mulch Mulch (straw or hay, or erosion control compost) is measured for payment by the ton (megagram). H.Miscellaneous Erosion Control Items Not Shown on the Plans These items are not measured for payment. The cost for construction, materials, and removal is included in the p rice bid for other contract items. I.Diversion Channels Diversion channels are not measured for payment. The cost for the entire structure complete, including materials, construction (including earthwork), and removal is included in the price bid for the drainage structure or for other contract items. J.Check Dams Stone, sand bags, baled wheat straw , and compost filter sock check dams are measured per each, whi ch i ncludes all work necessary to construct the check dam including woven plastic filter fabric placed beneath sto ne check dams. Fabric check dams are measured per linear foot. K.Construction Exits Construction exits are measured per each which will include all work necessary to construct the exit including the r equired geotextile fabric placed beneath the aggregate. Construction exit tire cleaning station are measured per day when added to an existing construction exit.Measurement includes all work necessary to construct the construction exit tire cleaning station includingequipment, material, water source, and removal. L.Retrofits Retrofit will be measured for payment per each. The construction of the detention pond and permanent outl et s tructure will be measured separately under the appropriate items. M.Inlet Sedim ent Traps Inlet sediment traps, regardless of the material selected, are measured per each which includes all work necessaryto construct the trap including any incidentals and providing the excavated area for sediment storage. 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148
N.Rock Filter Dams Rock fil ter dams are measured for payment per each required. This includes the entire structure at each locatio n and all the work necessary for construction. O.Stone Filter Berms Stone filter berms are measured for payment per linear foot (meter) required. This includes the entire structure a t each location and all the work necessary for construction. P.Stone Filter Rings Stone filter rings are measured for payment per each required. This includes the entire structure at each locatio n and all the work necessary for construction. Q.Temporary Sediment Traps Temporary sediment traps are measured for payment per each required. This includes the entire structure at ea ch l ocation and all the work necessary for construction. 163.4.01 Limits General Provisions 101 through 150.
163.5Payment
A.Silt Control Gates The specified silt control gates are paid for at the Contract Unit Price per each. Payment is full compensation for: •Furnishing the material and labor •Constructing the concrete apron as shown on the Plans •Excavating and backfilling to place the apron •Removing the gate B.Temporary Slope Drains Temporary slope drains are paid for by the linear foot (meter). Payment is full compensation for materials, construction, removal (if required), inlet spillways, velocity dissipaters, and outlet aprons. When temporary drain inlets and pipe slope drains are removed, they remain the Contractor’s property and may be reused or removed from the Project as the Contractor desires. Reused pipe or inlets are paid for the same asnew pipe or inlets. C.Temporary Sediment Basins Temporary sediment basins, measured according to Subsection 163.4,C Measurement, are paid for by the unit, per each, for the type specified on the plans. Price and payment are full compensation for work and supervision to construct, and remove the sediment basin, including final clean- up. D.Sediment Barriers Sediment barriers are paid by the linear foot (meter). Price and payment are full compensation for work and supervision to construct, and remove the sediment barrier, including final clean- up. E.Other Temporary Structures Other temporary structures are not measured for payment. Costs for the entire structure complete, including materials, construction (including earthwork), and removal is included in the price bid for the drainage structure orfor other Contract items. F.Temporary Grass Temporary grass is paid for by the acre (hectare). Payment is full compensation for all equipment, labor, groundpreparation, materials, wood fiber mulch, polyacrylamide, and other incidentals. Lime (when required) is paid forby the ton (megagram). Mulch and fertilizer are paid for separately. 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149
G.Mulch Mulch is paid for by the ton. Payment is full compensation for all materials, labor, maintenance, equipment and other incidentals. The weight for payment of straw or hay mulch will be the product of the number of bales used and the averag e w eight per bale as determined on certified scales provided by the Contractor or state certified scales. Provid e wr itten documentation to the Engineer stating the average weight of the bales. The weight of erosion control compost mulch will be determined by weighing each loaded vehicle on the required motor truck scale as the material is hauled to the roadway, or by using recorded weights if a digital recordingdevice is used. The Contractor may propose other methods of providing the weight of the mulch to Enginee r f or approval. H.Miscellaneous Erosion Control Items Not Shown on the Plans These items are not paid for separately. They are included in the price bid for other contract items. I.Diversion Channel Diversion channels are not paid for separately. T hey are included in the price bid for other c ontract items. J.Check Dams Payment is full compensation for all materials, construction, and removal. Stone plain riprap, sand bag, baled wheat straw, or compost filter socks check dams are paid for per each. The required woven filter fabric require d under each stone check dams is included in the bid price. Fabric check dams are paid for per linear foot. K.Construction Exits Construction exits are paid for per each. Payment is full compensation for all labor and materials including the r equired geotextile, construction, and removal. Construction exit tire cleaning stations are paid for per day when added to an existing construction exit. Payme nt i s full compensation for all labor, equipment, materials, water source, and removal .
This item is paid for at the Contract Unit Price per each. Payment is full compensation for all work, supervision,materials (including the stone filter), labor and equipment necessary to construct and remove the retrofit device f rom an existing or proposed detention pond outlet structure. M.Inlet Sediment Traps Inlet sediment traps are paid for per each. Payment is full compensation for all materials, construction, and removal. N.Rock Filter Dams Rock filter dams are paid for per each. Payment is full compensation for all materials, construction, and removalfor each. Clean reused stone Type 3 riprap and #57 stone are paid for on the same basis as new items. Plasti c wo ven filter fabric is required under rock filter dams and is included in the price bid for each. O.Stone Filter Berms Stone filter berms are paid for per linear foot (meter). Payment is full compensation for all materials, construction,and removal for each. Clean reused stone Type 3 riprap and #57 stone are paid for on the same basis as new i tems. Plastic woven filter fabric is required under rock filter berms and is included in the price bid for linear foot (meter).
Stone filter rings are paid for per each. Payment is full compensation for all materials, construction, and removalfor each. Clean reused stone Type 3 riprap and #57 stone are paid for on the same basis as new items. Plasti c w oven filter fabric is required under stone filter rings and is included in the price bid for each. 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
Q.Temporary Sediment Traps Temporary sediment traps are paid for payment per each required. This includes the entire structure at each l ocation and all the work necessary for construction. The items in this section (except temporary grass and mulch) are made as partial payments as follows: •When the item is installed and put into operation the Contractor will be paid 75 percent of the Contract price. •When the Engineer instructs the Contractor that the item is no longer required and is to remain in place or is removed, whichever applies, the remaining 25 percent will be paid. Temporary devices may be left in place at the Engineer’s discretion at no change in cost. Payment for temporary grass will be made based on the number of acres (hectares) grassed. Mulch will be based on the number of tons (megagrams) used. Payment is made under: Item No. 163 Construct and remove silt control gates Per each Item No. 163 Construct and remove temporary pipe slope drains Per linear foot (meter) Item No. 163 Construct and remove temporary sediment barriers Per linear foot (meter) Item No. 163 Construct and remove sediment basins Per each Item No. 163 Construct and remove check dams except fabric dams Per each Item No. 163 Construct and remove fabric check dams Per linear foot (meter) Item No. 163 Construct and remove construction exits Per each Item No. 163 Construction exit tire cleaning station Per day Item No. 163 Construct and remove retrofits Per each Item No. 163 Construct and remove rock filter dams Per each Item No. 163 Construct and remove stone filter berms Per linear foot (meter) Item No. 163 Construct and remove stone filter rings Per each Item No. 163 Construct and remove inlet sediment traps Per each Item No. 163 Construct and remove temporary sediment traps Per each Item No. 163 Temporary grass Per acre (hectare) Item No. 163 Mulch Per ton (megagram) 163.5.01 Adjustments General Provisions 101 through 150. 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151 151