358 Division of Materials and Te sts for adjudication as a failed material in accordance with 105.03. All mixtures that become loose and broken, mixed with dirt, or are in any way defective shall be removed and replaced in accordance with 105.03.
410.11 Preparation of Surfaces to be Overlaid
Milling of an existing pavement surface shall be in accordance with 306. Surfaces 240 on which a mixture is placed shall be free fr om objectionable or foreign materials at the time of placement. Milled asphalt surfaces and asphalt surfaces shall be tacked in accordance with 406. Contact surfaces of curbing, gutters, manholes, and other structures shall be tacked in accordan ce with 406.
410.12 Process Control
The Engineer and Contractor will jointly review the operations to ensure compliance with the QCP. Continuous violations of compliance with the QCP will 250 result in suspension of paving operations. 410.13 Weather Limitations SMA courses shall be placed when the ambient temperature and the temperature of the surface on which it is to be placed is 45°F or above.
410.14 Spreading and Finishing The mixture shall be placed upon an approved surface by means of a paver or other mechanical devices in accordance with 409.03. Mixtures in areas inaccessible to
mechanical devices may be placed by other methods. The temperature of mixture at 260 the time of spreading shall be no more than 315°F whenever PG 70-22 binder is used or no more than 325°F whenever PG 76-22 binder is used. The temperature of each mixture shall not be less than 245°F at the time of spreading when placed with paving equipment in accordance with 409.03(c)2 or 409.03(c)3. No mixture shall be placed on a previously paved course that has not cooled to less than 175°F. Prior to paving, both the planned quantity and lay rate shall be adjusted by multiplying by the MAF. When mixture is produced from more than one DMF or JMF for a given pay item, the MAF will be applied to the applicable portion of the mixture for each. 270 Planned SMA courses greater than 220 lb /sq yd placed under traffic, shall be brought up even with each adjacent lane at the end of each work day. Planned SMA courses less than or equal to 220 lb/sq yd shall be brought forward concurrently, within practical limits, limiting the work in one lane to not more than one work day of production before moving back to bring forward the adjacent lane. Hydraulic extensions on the paver will not be allowed for continuous paving operations. Fixed extensions or extendable screeds shall be used on courses greater 410.11 359 than the nominal width of the paver except in areas where the paving widths vary. 280 Hydraulic extensions may be used in tapers and added lanes less than 250 ft in length. Automatic slope and grade controls will be required and shall be outlined in the QCP. SMA mainline and SMA shoulders which are 8 ft or more in width shall be placed with automatic paving equipment. The rollers shall be operated to avoid shoving of the SMA and at speeds not to exceed 3 mph. Rollers shall be in accord ance with 409.03(d)1, 409.03(d)2, or 290 409.03(d)7. Vibratory rollers meeting the requirements of 409.03(d)4 may be used but shall not be operated in vibratory mode, except the vibratory mode may be used on the first pass to the paver. Oscillatory ro llers in accordance with 409.03(d)5 will be allowed for use but the vertical impact force capability shall not be used, except the vertical impact force capability may be used on the first pass to the paver. The finished thickness of any course shall be at least two times but not more than five times the maximum particle size as shown on the DMF. A safety edge shall be constructed at locations where the surface mixture is 300 constructed adjacent to an aggregate or earth shoulder.
410.15 Joints
Longitudinal joints in the surface shall be at the lane lines of the pavement. Hot poured joint adhesive in accordance with 906 shall be applied to longitudinal joints constructed between two adjacent HMA courses in the top course of dense graded intermediate mixtures and all 9.5 mm and 12.5 mm SMA mixture courses. This includes joints within the traveled way as well as between any of the following: 310
a.traveled way and an auxiliary lane,
b.traveled way and a paved shoulder, and
c.auxiliary lane and a paved shoulder. The material shall be heated in a jacketed, double boiler melting kettle. The kettle shall have an attached pressure feed wand system with applicator shoe. The joint adhesive shall be applied to the face of the previously constructed edge at the joint using a wand applicator. Prior to application of the joint adhesive, the joint face shall be dry and free of loose material and foreign objects. The adhesive shall be 320 applied on the joint face 1/8 in. thick at the temperature recommended by the manufacturer. Excess joint adhesive shall not be allowed to pool on the top of the previously constructed pavement course or the pavement to be overlaid. The application of the adhesive shall be made within the same day, but at least 30 minutes prior to construction of the longitudinal joint. 410.15 360 Transverse joints shall be constructed by exposing a near vertical full depth face of the previous course. For areas inaccessible to rollers, other mechanical devices shall be used to achieve the required density. If constructed under traffic, temporary transverse joints shall be feathered to provide a smooth transition to the driving surface. 410.16 Density Acceptance will be based on lots a nd sublots in accordance with 410.07. The Engineer’s acceptance test results for each sublot will be available after the sublot and testing are complete. Sublot and lot density values will be reported to the nearest 0.1%. Rounding will 340 be in accordance with 109.01(a). Density acceptance for all SMA mixtures shall be based on cores cut from the compacted pavement and analysis of pave ment samples obtained in accordance with ITM 580. Acceptance will be based on lots and sublots in accordance with 410.07. The Engineer will randomly select two locat ions in accordance w ith ITM 802, within each sublot for coring. The transverse core lo cation will be located so that the edge of the core will be no closer than 3 in. from a confined edge or 6 in. from a non-confined edge of the course being placed. The maximum specific gravity will be determined from the sample obtained in 410.09. 350 The Contractor shall obtain cores in the presence of the Engineer with a device that shall produce a uniform 6.00 ±0.25 in. diameter pavement sample. Surface courses shall be cored within one work day of pl acement. Damaged core shall be discarded and replaced with a core from a location se lected by adding 1 ft to the longitudinal location of the damaged core using the same transverse offset. The Contractor and the Engineer shall mark the core to define the course to be tested. If the core indicates a course thic kness of less than two times the maximum particle size, the core will be discarded an d a core from a new random location will be 360 selected for testing. Cores shall not be obtained from areas placed with paving equipment in accordance with 409.03(c)2 or 409.03(c)3. If a random location falls within this area, the Engineer will randomly select another loca tion within the sublot for coring. If an entire sublot falls within this area, test results from the previous sublot will be used for acceptance. If the previous sublot is not available, the subsequent sublot will be used for acceptance. The Engineer will take immediate possession of the cores. If the Engineer’s cores 370 are subsequently damaged, additional coring within a specific sublot or sublots will be the responsibility of the Department. Subsequent core locations will be determined by 410.16 361 subtracting 1 ft from the random location using the same transverse offset. The density of the mixture will be expressed as: Density, % = BSG MSG x 100 where: BSG = average bulk specific gravity MSG = maximum specific gravity 380 Samples for the bulk specific gravity and maximum specific gravity will be dried in accordance with ITM 572. The Engineer will determine the bulk specific gravity of the cores in accordance w ith AASHTO T 166, Method A or AASHTO T 331, if required. The maximum specific gravity will be mass determined in water in accordance with AASHTO T 209. The target value for density of SMA mixtures of each sublot shall be 93.0%. The densities of the sublots will be averaged to determine the density of the lot. 390 Within one work day of coring operations, the Contractor shall clean, dry, and refill the core holes with either SMA of similar or smaller size particles or bridge deck repair material from the QPL of Rapid Setting Patch Materials. The rapid setting patch material shall be mixed in a separate cont ainer and placed in the hole in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, consolidated by rodding, and struck-off flush with the adjacent pavement. The Contractor’s plan for refilling core holes shall be outlined in the QCP.
410.17 Pavement Corrugations Pavement corrugations shall be in accordance with 606. 400
410.18 Pavement Smoothness
The pavement smoothness will be eval uated and determined in accordance with
401.18 410.19 Adjusted Points
When test results for mixture properties or density exceed the allowable tolerances, adjustment points will be assessed. The adjustment points will be used to calculate a quality assurance adjustment quantity, q, for the lot. Quality assurance adjustment points for smoothness w ill be in accordance with 401.19(c). 410 The adjustment for mixture properties and density are calculated as follows: q = 1.00 x (L x U x P/100)/MAF where: q = quality assurance adjustment quantity L = lot quantity 410.19 362 U = unit price for the material, $/ton P = total adjustment points The total quality assurance adjustments is to be calculated as follows: Q = Q s T m + q d) where: 420 Q = total quality assurance adjustment quantity Qs = quality assurance adjustment for smoothness as calculated in 401.19(c) qm = lot adjustments for mixtures qd = lot adjustments for density If the total adjustment points for a lot are greater than 15, the pavement will be evaluated by the Division of Materials and Tests. If the Contractor is not required to remove the mixture, quality assurance adjustments of the lot will be assessed or other corrective actions as determined by th e Division of Materials and Tests.
a.Mixture When test results for the mixture furnished exceeded the allowable tolerances, adjustment points will be assessed as follows: ADJUSTMENT POINTS FOR GRADATION Adjustment Points Sieve Size 25.0 mm 19.0 mm 12.5 mm 9.5 mm 4.75 mm 2.36 mm 600 μm 75 μm For each 0.1% up to 1.0% out of tolerance 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 For each 0.1% above 1.0% out of tolerance 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 Gradation adjustment points for the lot shall be the sum of points calculated for up to 1% out of tolerance and the points calculated for greater than 1% out of tolerance in accordance with 410.09. Binder content adjustment points for the lot shall be two points for each 0.1% above the tolerance or four points for each 0.1% below the tolerance in accordance with 410.09. 440 When test results for the mixture fu rnished exceed the allowable range in accordance with 410.09, adjustment points will be assessed as follows: 410.19 363 ADJUSTMENT POINTS FOR RANGE Sieve Size and Binder Content Adjustment Points (For each 0.1% out of range) No. 8 (2.36 mm) 0.1 No. 30 (600 μm) 0.1 No. 200 (75 μm) 0.1 % Binder 1.0 For mixtures produced during a certified HMA plant’s adjustment period, adjustment points will not be assessed if the mixture produced is in accordance with the following: 1. The gradation complies with 410.05 with the allowable tolerance limits shown in 410.09. 450
2.The range for the binder content and gradation do not exceed the limits shown in 410.09.
3.The binder content is within the tolerance requirements of 410.09. If the mixture is not in accordance with these requirements, adjustment points will be assessed in accordance with 410.09 for variations exceeding the requirements shown above. 460
b.Density When the density of the lot is outside the allowable tolerances, adjustment points will be assessed as follows: DENSITY Percentages are based on %MSG Pay Adjustments, % > 97.0 Submitted to the Division of Materials and Tests* 93.0 – 97.0 0.00 92.0 – 92.9 0.20 points for each 0.10% below 93.0 91.0 – 91.9 2.00 + 0.40 points for each 0.10% below 92.0 89.0 – 90.9 6.00 + 1.00 points for each 0.10% below 91.0 Submitted to the Division of Materials and Tests* * Test results will be considered and adjudicated as a failed material in accordance with normal De partment practice as listed in 105.03.
410.20 Appeals If the QC test results do not agree with the acceptance test results, a request, along
with the QC test results, may be made in writing for additional testing. Additional 410.20 364 testing may be requested for one or more of the following tests: binder content, 470 gradation, or MSG of the mixture samples, and bulk specific gravity of the density cores. The request for the appeal for MSG, BSG of the density cores or binder content and gradation shall be submitted within seven calendar days of receipt of the Department’s written results for that sublot. The sublot and specific tests shall be specified at the time of the appeal request. Only one appeal request per sublot is allowed. Once the appeal request has been granted, the Engineer will perform additional testing. The appeal results will replace all previo us test results for acceptance of mixture in accordance with 410.09 and density in acco rdance with 410.16. The results will be 480 furnished to the Contractor. The backup mixture samples or density cores will be tested in accordance with the following:
a.MSG The backup MSG will be dried in accordance with ITM 572 and mass determined in water in accordance with AASHTO T 209. (b) Binder Content and Gradation The backup binder content and gradation sample will be prepared and tested in accordance with the test methods that were used for acceptance. 490
c.BSG of the Density Core Cores shall be taken within seven calendar days unless otherwise directed. Additional core lo cations will be determined by adding 1 ft longitudinally of the cores tested using the same transverse offset. The cores will be dried in accordance with ITM 572 and tested in accordance with AASHTO T 166, Method A or AASHTO T 331, if required. The Contractor shall clean, dry, and refill the core holes with SMA or HMA surface materials within one wo rk day of the coring operations.
410.21 Method of Measurement 500
SMA mixtures will be measured by the ton of the type specified, in accordance with 109.01(b). The measured quantity will be divided by the MAF to determine the pay quantity. Joint adhesive will be measured by the linear foot in accordance with 109.01(a).
410.22 Basis of Payment
The accepted quantities for this work will be paid for at the contract unit price per ton for QC/QA – HMA, of the type specified, – SMA, complete in place. 510 Payment for furnishing, calibrating, operating the inertial profiler, and furnishing IRI profile information will be made in accordance with 401.18. Furnishing and operating the 16 ft straight edge shall be included in the cost of other pay items within this section. 410.21 365 Joint adhesive will be paid for by the linear foot, complete in place. Adjustments to the contract payment with respect to mixture, density, and smoothness for mixture produced will be included in a quality assurance adjustment 520 pay item. The unit price for this pay item will be $1.00 and the quantity will be in units of dollars. The quantity is th e total calculated in accord ance with 410.19. A change order will be prepared to reflect contract adjustments in accordance with 109.05. Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit Symbol Joint Adhesive, ____________ ................................................. LFT course type 530 QC/QA - HMA, _____, _____, _____, ______ mm, - SMA .... TON (ESAL (1))(PG(2))(Course(3))(Mix(4)) Quality Assurance Adjustment .................................................. DOL
1.ESAL Category as defined in 410.04
2.Number represents the high temperature binder grade. Low temperature grades are - 22
3.Surface or Intermediate
4.Mixture Designation Preparation of surfaces to be overlaid sh all be included in the cost of other pay 540 items within this section. Coring and refilling of the pavement holes shall be included in the cost of other pay items within this section. No payment will be made for additional anti-stripping additives, appeal coring or related traffic control expenditures for coring operations. Corrections for pavement smoothness sha ll be included in the cost of other pay items within this section. 550 The price for inertial profiler, HMA will be full compensation regardless of how often the inertial profiler is used or how often the IRI is determined.
Source: Indiana Standard Specifications, 2024 Edition. Pages 362–370 of 1,248.