953 Material Type White Yellow Quality Adjustment* Retained White Retained Yellow Paint 1.00 n/a n/a Required Minimum 150 to 249 125 to 174 0.70 Thermoplastic 1.00 see
808.09 see
808.09 Required Minimum 250 to 299 150 to 199 0.70 Multi-Component 1.00 see
808.09 see
808.09 Required Minimum 250 to 299 150 to 199 0.70 Preformed Plastic 650 450 1.00 see
808.09 see
808.09 Required Minimum 550 to 649 350 to 449 0.70 * Quality Adjustments do not apply to the retained retro-reflectivity values.
a.Traffic Paint
1.Application 250 Traffic paint shall be applied only when the ambient air and pavement temperature is 40ºF or higher and will remain 40ºF or higher for 2 h after application. The markings shall be protected from traffic until dry to eliminate tracking. The wet film thickness of the traffic paint shall be a minimum of 15 mils. Painted lines and markings shall be immediately reflectorized by applying beads at a uniform minimum rate of 6 lb/gal. of traffic paint. Only standard or modified standard beads shall be used for paint markings. 2 . E q u i p m e n t Traffic paint shall be applied with a spray type machine capable of applying the traffic paint under pressure through a nozzle directly onto the pavement. The truck-mounted machine shall be equipped with the following:
a.air blast device for cleaning the pavement ahead of the application,
b.guide pointer to keep the machine on an accurate line,
c.spray guns which can be operated individually or simultaneously,
d.agitator or recirculation system as appropriate,
e.control device to maintain uniform flow and application, 808.07 954 f. capability of heating the material to application temperatures,
g.automatic device which will provide a line of the required pattern,
h.automatic bead dispenser which is synchronized with the marking application. A hand-propelled machine may be used to apply markings. A brush may be used if approved to apply some markings. 3. Performance Requirements 290 The color and durability requirements shall be met for a minimum of 90 days after application. Pavement marking segments which are found to have an average retro-reflectivity reading below the minimum required shall be re-striped with no additional payment. Pavement markings segments which have more than four of 16 individual readings below the minimum required shall be re-striped with no additional payment. The re- striping shall begin within 14 calendar days of the completion of the retro-reflectivity measurement. Line segments may be re-striped with no additional payment. Following each re-striping, additional retro-reflectiv ity measurements shall be made with no 300 additional payment. Quality adjustments will be based on the final retro-reflectivity measurements. The alignment of all re-striped pavement markings shall be placed within ±1/4 in. in width an d ±2 in. in length of the or iginal placed markings. Re- striping will not be allowed more than two times, after which removal and replacement of the markings will be required. (b) Durable Pavement Marking Material Durable pavement marking material consists of thermoplastic, preformed plastic, or multi-component markings. Durable pavement marking materials used fo r center lines, lane lines, or edge lines shall be installed within a groove in the pavement unless otherwise shown on the plans. Durable pavement marking materials used for barrier lines, pavement message, and transverse markings shall be surface applied unless otherwise indicated on the plans. 1. Grooving for Durable Pavement Markings
a.Application 320 The pavement shall be grooved prior to the placement of longitudinal durable pavement markings, excluding bridge decks and approach slabs. The groove or recess shall be installed in a single pass using dr y cut equipment that utilizes diamond cutting 808.07 955 blades and that is approved by the pavement marking manufacturer. If there are no markings on the pavement, a guide line sha ll be placed using pain t without glass beads as a template for the grooving operation. The groove shall be at least 1 in. and no more than 2 in. wider than the pavement marking to be placed. The Contractor may leave a gap in the grooving for longitudinal lines that delineate the radii of lane usage transitions , driveways, intersec tions, or adjacent to 330 curb that does not have a curb offset to the marking of at least 12 in. The depth of the groove shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and shall be at minimum 5 mils greater than the thickness of the marking material including exposed glass beads, up to maximum allowable depth of 150 mils. A continuous groove shall not be allowed for broken or dotted lane lines. The groove may extend up to 3 in. at either end of a lane line. Grooves shall be no closer than 2 in. to the edge of a longitudinal joint.
b.Groove Finish and Cleaning 340 The grooved surface shall be cleaned with vacuuming equipment immediately following the grooving operation. The surface sh all be clean and dry prior to pavement marking installation. The finished groove surface shall have a fine corduroy-like appearance with a maximum variation in depth of 10 mils.
2.Thermoplastic a. Application Thermoplastic marking shall be applied in molten form by conventional extrusion, by ribbon type extrusion, or spray when the pavement and ambient air temperatures 350 are 50°F and rising. Heat bonded preformed thermoplastic may be used for transverse or message markings. The average final thickness of the thermoplastic marking shall be no less than 90 mils and no more than 125 mils. Immediately following the application of the thermoplastic markings, retro-reflectorization shall be provided by applying paveme nt marking beads to the surface of the molten material. A first drop of supplemental elements shall be applie d in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and a second drop of standard, modified standard, or supplemental beads in accordance with th e manufacturer’s recommendations. Individual passes of markings shall not overlap or be separated by gaps greater than 1/4 in. longitudinally.
b.Equipment The equipment used for the application of thermoplastic markings shall consist of a kettle for melting the material and an applicator for applying the markings. All of the equipment required for melting and applying the material shall maintain a uniform material temperature within the manufacturer specified limits, without scorching, discoloring or overheating any portion of the material. A truck-mounted machine shall be equipped with the following: an air blast device for cleaning the pavement ahead of the marking operation; a guide pointer to 808.07 956 keep the machine on an accurate line; at l east two spray guns which can be operated 370 individually or simultaneously; agitators; a control device to maintain uniform flow and application; an automatic device which will provide a broken line of the required length; and an automatic bead dispenser which is synchronized with the marking application. A hand-propelled machine may be used to apply markings. The equipment for applying heat bonded preformed plastic shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. An open flame shall not come into direct contact with the pavement. 380
c.Performance Requirements When the initial average retro-reflectivity measurement is below the required minimum the segment of line shall be removed and replaced with no additional payment. Pavement markings segments whic h have more than four of 16 individual readings below the minimum required shall be removed and replaced with no additional payment. 3. Preformed Plastic
a.Application The markings shall be applied by tech nicians certified by the manufacturer. The markings shall be applied when the air temperature is a minimum of 40°F and rising. A primer is required if the ambient air temperature is below 50°F. The pavement surface shall be primed with a binder materi al in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. b. Performance Requirements When the initial average retro-reflectivity measurement is below the required minimum the segment of line shall be removed and replaced with no additional 400 payment. Pavement markings segments whic h have more than four of 16 individual readings below the minimum required shall be removed and replaced with no additional payment. 4 . M u l t i - C o m p o n e n t
a.Application This material shall be applied only when the pavement and ambient air temperatures are 40°F and rising. The wet f ilm thickness of the marking material shall be a minimum of 25 mils. Immediately following the application of the markings, 410 retro-reflectorization shall be provided by applying pavement marking beads to the surface of the wet marking. A first drop of supplemental elements shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and a second drop of standard, modified standard, or supplemental beads in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. 808.07
b.Equipment The machine used to ap ply the marking material shall precisely meter each component, and produce and maintain the n ecessary mixing head temperature within the required tolerances. The machine shall be equipped in accordance with 808.07(a)2. 420
c.Performance Requirements Pavement marking segments which are found to have an average retro-reflectivity reading below the required minimum shall be re-striped with no additional payment. Pavement markings segments which have more than four of 16 individual readings below the minimum required shall be re-striped with no additional payment. The re- striping shall begin within 14 calendar days of the completion of the retro-reflectivity measurement. Line segments may be re-striped with no additional payment. Following each re-striping, additional retro-reflectiv ity measurements shall be made with no additional payment. 430 Quality adjustments will be based on the final retro-reflectivity measurements. The alignment of all re-striped markings shall be placed w ithin ±1/4 in. in width and ±2.0 in. in length of the original placed markings. Re-striping will not be allowed more than two times, after which removal and replacement of the markings will be required.
808.08 Marking Protection and Maintenance of Traffic Protection of the traveling public, of the pavement marking crews, and of the
pavement markings shall be provided during the marking operation through the use of proper equipment, traffic control devices, safety devices, and proper procedures. 440 Traffic control devices shall be placed in a ccordance with 107.12. Flaggers shall be provided for traffic control as directed. (a) Vehicle Signs Each vehicle in the marking operation shall display the slow moving vehicle emblem when operating at speeds of 25 mp h or less. The slow moving emblems shall be removed when the vehicles are operating at speeds greater than 25 mph. The paint crew signs shall be 24 in. high by 96 in. wide, with 12 in. series C black letters on an orange encapsulated lens reflective bac kground. Type A and Type C flashing arrow signs shall be in accordance with 923.04. 450
b.Vehicle Warning Lights All amber flashing warning lights and amber strobe lights mounted on vehicles used in the marking operation shall be in accordance with 801.14(d). All vehicles used in the marking operation shall have a minimum of one flashing amber warning light or amber strobe light which is visible in all directions.
c.Cones Cones shall be used to protect marking material which requires more than 60 s drying time. Cones shall remain in place until the marking material is dry or firm 460 enough not to track or deform under traffic. Cones shall be removed as soon as possible 808.08 958 and shall never be left in place overnight. Edge lines shall not require protection with cones. The maximum spacing of cones shall be as follows: 40 mph or less over 40 mph Broken Lines every line segment every fifth line segment Solid Lines 20 ft to 30 ft
d.Front Escort Vehicles A front escort vehicle shall be used if the marking vehicle extends across the center line while operating. This front escort vehicle shall be equipped with a forward 470 facing paint crew sign, a rear facing slow moving vehicle emblem, and a red flag mounted at least 10 ft above the pavement. (e) Marking Application Vehicles Marking application vehicles such as edgeliner or centerliner trucks shall have a rear facing Type A or Type C flashing arrow sign, an amber flashing warning light mounted near the center of the truck bed, and an amber strobe light mounted on each rear corner of the truck bed. The amber flashing warning light and the amber strobe lights shall be mounted on retractable supports and shall be operated at a height of 12 ft above the pavement unless otherwise directed. 480
f.Rear Escort Vehicles If cones are not required, a rear escort vehicle shall follow a marking application vehicle at a distance of 100 to 500 ft. If an additional rear escort vehicle is required due to drying time or heavy traffic volume, it shall follow the first rear escort vehicle at a maximum distance of 1,000 ft, and may operate in the travel lane or on the paved shoulder. If cones are required, the cone setting truck shall follow the marking application vehicle and shall be followed by a rear escort vehicle. The cone pickup truck shall be 490 followed by another rear escort vehicle. All rear escort vehicles shall be equippe d with a rear facing Type C flashing arrow sign mounted above a rear facing paint crew sign. On two-lane two-way roads, this Type C flashing arrow sign shall be operated with the arrowhead turned off. The supply truck may be used as a rear escort vehicle providing it is empty and is equipped with the required traffic control devices.
808.09 Warranty for Durable Pavement Marking Material
Durable pavement marking material shall be warranted against failure resulting 500 from material defects or method of application, or the result of snowplowing and deicing activities. The material shall be warranted to retain its color, adherence to the pavement, and shall be free of other obvious defects or failures. Grooved durable 808.09 959 pavement markings shall also be warranted to retain retroreflectivity as specified below. All pavement traffic markings which have failed to meet the warranted conditions shall be replaced with no additional payment. For the terms of the warranty a unit shall be defined as a 1,000 ft section of line 510 of specified width in any combination or pattern.
a.Surface Applied Durable Pavement Marking Warranty The warranty period for surface applie d durable markings shall be 180 days beginning with the substantial completion date for the contract as defined in 101.64, but not prior to November 1 of the calendar year in which the last pavement markings were installed. If more than 3% of a unit or 3% of the total of any one intersection or set of transverse markings fails, the faile d portion shall be replaced. All pavement markings required to be replaced under the terms of this warranty shall be replaced within 60 days of the notification of failure. 520
b.Grooved Durable Pavement Marking Warranty The warranty period for durable markings placed in a groove shall be two years beginning with the substantial completion date for the contract as defined in 101.64, but not prior to November 1 of the calendar year in which the last pavement markings were installed. The retained retro-reflectivity, mcd/m 2/lx, as determined by ITM 931 shall meet or exceed the minimum values at all times during the warranty period as follows: Material Year White Yellow Thermoplastic 1 225 150 2 175 125 Multi-Component 1 225 150 2 175 125 Preformed Plastic 1 400 300 2 300 200 If more than 5% of a unit or 5% of the total fails, the failed portion shall be replaced. All pavement markings required to be replaced under the terms of this warranty shall be replaced within 60 days of the notification of failure.
808.10 Removal of Pavement Markings
Pavement markings which conflict with revised traffic patterns and may confuse motorists shall be removed immediately before, or immediately following, any change in traffic patterns as directed or approved. Removal of pavement markings shall be to the fullest extent possible without 540 materially damaging the pavement surface. Pavement marking removal methods shall be sandblasting, steel shot blasting, waterblasting, grinding, or other approved 808.10 960 mechanical means. Grooving will not be allo wed. Grinding will only be allowed under the following conditions:
a.when removing durable pavement markings, or (b) when removing non-durable markings where another course of material is to be placed on the existing course. Painting over existing pavement markings to obliterate them will not be allowed. When a blast method is used to remove pavement markings, the residue, including sand, dust and marking material, shall be vacuumed concurrently with the blasting operation or removed by other approved met hods. Accumulation of sand, dust or other residual material, which might interfere with drainage or constitute a traffic hazard, will not be allowed. All damage to the pavement caused by pavement marking removal shall be repaired by approved methods with no additional payment. 560
808.11 Snowplowable Raised Pavement Markers
Snowplowable raised pavement markers shall be used as supplemental delineation at the locations shown on the plans or as directed. (a) Surface Preparation The pavement or bridge deck surface sha ll be cleaned of dirt, dust, oil, grease, moisture, curing compound, and loose or unsound layers of all materials which would interfere with the proper bonding of the marker to the pavement or bridge deck. 570
b.Location Marker locations shall be accurately laid out and will be subject to approval prior to the installation operation. Markers shall not be located on surfaces that show visible evidence of cracking, checking, spalling or failure of underlying materials. Markers shall not be located within the intersection of a public road. Any marker location, which falls on any of the restricted areas, shall be moved a longitudinal distance not to exceed 10% of the required marker spacing. If this adjusted location still falls within a restricted area, then that marker location shall be deleted. Marker locations shall be as shown on the plans.
c.Reflector Color The color combinations of the reflectors shall be as shown on the plans unless otherwise directed. When replacement pr ismatic reflectors are specified, such reflectors shall not be ordered until the quantity and color combinations have been determined and approved.
d.Installation Marker installation shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s 808.11 961 recommendations. The pavement surface temp erature and the ambi ent air temperature shall be at least 50°F. The pavement surface shall be dry at the time of marker 590 installation. The installation slot shall be clean and dry before the adhesive is applied. The slot shall be filled with sufficient adhesive to provide a water tight seal between the marker base and the pavement, and to fill all voids between the marker base and the surfaces of the slot. The marker shall be placed in the slot so that the tips of the snowplow deflecting surfaces are below the pavement surface. If the pavement surface is newly placed HMA, the pavement shall be allowed to cure for two days prior to installing the markers. Installation of markers on new concrete pavement or bridge decks or on newly 600 overlaid bridge decks shall not be done until af ter the pavement or bridge deck is ready to be opened to traffic as specified elsewhere herein. The number of slots cut in one day sha ll not exceed the number of markers which will be installed in that day. No slots shall be left open overnight. (e) Removal of Markers Markers designated for removal shall be as located on the plans or as otherwise specified or directed. If the pavement surface or bridge deck surface is to be removed, the markers shall be removed prior to any surface removal operation. 610 The markers shall be removed with a jackhammer or other approved equipment. The area of the pavement or bridge deck disturbed by the marker removal shall not exceed 3 in. in depth or extend more than 3 in. out from any side of the marker base. The marker removal operation shall stop if it is determined that excessive damage is occurring to the pavement, or bridge deck. The resulting holes shall be filled with the appropriate patching material as described herein or as otherwise directed. Concrete pavement which is to be overlaid as part of the contract and HMA pavement shall be patched with HMA intermediate 620 materials. Concrete pavement which is not to be overlaid as part of the contract and concrete bridge decks shall be patched with concrete patching material from the QPL of Rapid Setting Patch Materials. Overlaid bridge decks and bridge decks which are to be overlaid as part of the contract shall be patched with patching material which is compatible with the deck overlay material. All patching material shall be placed in accordance with the appropriate specifi cations for the patching material. Removed markers shall become the propert y of the Contractor and removed from the jobsite prior to the completion of the work. 630
f.Replacement of Prismatic Reflectors Reflectors designated for replacement sh all be as shown on the plans or as otherwise directed. Prior to placement of the new reflector, the castings shall be cleaned of all remaining butyl pad materials. All loose or foreign material shall be 808.11 962 satisfactorily removed by sandblasting, wire brush, or other approved mechanical means. Removed reflectors shall be disposed of properly off the project site.
808.12 Method of Measurement
Broken or dotted lines, placed or removed, will be measured by counting the number of broken or dotted lines placed and multiplying the number of counted lines 640 by the length of the broken or dotted line. Solid lines will be measured as the total distance in linear feet of solid lines placed or removed. The materi al, type, color, or width of broken, dotted, or solid lines to be removed will not be considered when measuring such lines for payment. Except as otherwise specified, transverse marking lines will be measured as the total distance in linear feet of lines placed or removed. Transverse marking yield lines will be measured transversely including the entire extent of the marking line and gaps. Curb markings will be measured by the lin ear feet along the front face of the curb. Grooving for pavement markings will be meas ured as the total distance of grooving 650 for each pavement marking line in linear feet. Pavement message markings will be measured by the total number of each t ype placed. A railroad crossing pavement message marking shall include the two R’s, the X, and the three stop lines per traffic lane. Railroad crossing pavement message markings will be measured by the total number of each marking place. Lane indicat ion arrow pavement message markings will be measured by the number of lane indication arrowheads placed. Removal of pavement message markings will be measured in square yards using areas shown in the following table. The material will not be considered when measuring such markings for pavement. PAVEMENT MESSAGE MARKINGS Description Area “Ahead” 3.1 SYS Combo Arrow 3.1 SYS “Exit” 2.5 SYS “Left” 2.5 SYS “Only” 2.5 SYS Railroad “R” 0.6 SYS “Right” 3.2 SYS “RXR” 7.7 SYS “School” 3.9 SYS “Stop” 2.6 SYS Straight Arrow 1.4 SYS “Turn” 2.6 SYS Turn Arrow 1.7 SYS “XING” 2.5 SYS Snowplowable raised pavement markers will be measured by the number placed or removed. Prismatic reflectors will be measured by the number furnished and 808.12 963 installed. Each two-way prismatic reflector will be measured as one reflector. No measurement will be made of the adhesive or the hole patching material used in the placement or removal of snowplowab le raised pavement markers.
808.13 Basis of Payment
Lines and transverse markings placed will be paid for at the contract unit price per linear foot for the material, type, color, and width specified. Grooving for pavement 670 markings will be paid for at the contract unit price per linear foot. Curb markings will be paid for at the contract unit price per linear foot for curb painting, of the color specified. Pavement message mark ings placed will be paid fo r at the contract unit price per each, for the material and message sp ecified. Lines and transverse markings removed will be paid for at the contract unit price per linear foot. Pavement message markings removed will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard. Snowplowable raised pavement markers, furnished and installed, or removed will be paid for at the contract unit price per each. Prismatic reflectors will be paid for at the contract unit price per each. Each two-way prismatic reflector will be paid for as 680 one reflector. Payment for furnishing, calibrating, and operating retro-reflectivity testing equipment will be paid for at the contract price for lump sum. The cost of report preparation shall be included in the cost of retro-reflectivity testing. Adjustments to the contract payment with respect to retro-reflectivity of performance based pavement markings will be included in a quality adjustment in accordance with 109.05.1. The Engineer may waive retro-reflectivity testing due to weather limitations. Retro-reflectivity testing will be waived for markings applied after October 31 and 690 before April 1. If retro-reflectivity testing is waived, no payment will be made for retro-reflectivity testing. If retro-reflectivity testing is not waived by the Engineer due to weather or waived by the seasonal time restriction and retro-reflectivity testing is not performed, no payment will be made for retro-reflectivity testing and payment for the marking items will be made at 70% of the unit price. Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit Symbol Curb Painting, _____ ................................................................. LFT color Grooving for Paveme nt Markings ............................................. LFT Line, _____, _____, _____, _____ in. ....................................... LFT material type color width Line, Remove ............................................................................ LFT Pavement Message Marking, ________, ________ .................. EACH material message Pavement Message Marking, Remove ...................................... SYS 808.13 964 Prismatic Reflector .................................................................... EACH 710 Retro-Reflectivity Testing ......................................................... LS Snowplowable Raised Pavement Marker .................................. EACH Snowplowable Raised Pavement Marker, Remove ................... EACH Transverse Marking, ____ _, ____, _____, _____ in. ................ LFT material type color width Transverse Marking, Remove.................................................... LFT No additional payment will be made for the removal and or replacement of markings that fail to meet the performance or warranty conditions of 808.07 and 808.09. 720 The cost of removal of existing prismatic reflectors shall be included in the cost of prismatic reflectors. Beads, binder material for thermoplastic and preformed plastic, adhesive for snowplowable markers, patching material for snowplowable marker removal, guide lines for grooving operations, pavement cleaning and surface preparation, and all necessary incidentals shall be include d in the cost of the pay items.
Source: Indiana Standard Specifications, 2024 Edition. Pages 976–988 of 1,248.