For each lot, five compressive strength cylinders shall be made and field - cured in accordance with DOTD TR 227 and broken in accordance with DOTD TR 230. The ASTM C497 core test may be used in lieu of cylinder tests, with approval of the Construction Fabri cation Engineer. For pipe, the ASTM C497 three -edge bearing test (3EB) may be used in lieu of cylinders. The Department reserves the right to have any concrete pipe tested at no cost to the Department to ultimate load using 3EB. The 3EB test is required y early to retain plant certification. Compressive strength must be verified by cylinders, cores or 3EB before shipping.
1016.01.5 Precast Unit Markings: Identifying information shall
be indented into the concrete or painted thereon with waterproof paint on each un it on the inside and outside of the unit in such a manner as to be legible at time of delivery. Information shall include the name or trademark of the manufacturer, the date of casting, and the structure number or the station number as shown on the plans.
1016.01.6 Pipe Connections to Precast Units: For concrete
pipe connections, use resilient connectors conforming to ASTM C923 or use grout connection. For grout connections each opening shall be 4±1/2 inches larger than the outside diameter of the pipe for which it is provided. For connecting plasti c and metal pipe to precast units use resilient connectors conforming to ASTM C923.
1016.02 REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE (RCP). Comply with
ASTM C76, amended as follows:
1.Unless otherwise specified, use Class III, Wall A, B, or C pipe.
2.When extra strength pipe is r equired, use either Class IV or Class V as specified. Use Wall A, B, or C.
3.For pipe sizes not included in ASTM C76, the area of reinforcement shall be designed in accordance with ASTM C655. Provide fabrication drawings and design calculations reflecting compliance with these specifications prior to pipe fabrication.
4.If allowed, modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication processes may be used with t he Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
1016.03 Reinforced Concrete Pipe Arch, (Rcpa).
Comply with ASTM C506, amended as follows:
1.Unless otherwise specified, use Class III pipe arch.
2.For pipe arch sizes not included in ASTM C506, the area of reinforcement shall be designed in accordance with ASTM C655. Provide fabrication drawings and design calculations reflecting compliance with these specifications prior to pipe fabrication.
3.If allowed , modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication processes may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
1016.04 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Box Culverts .
Comply with ASTM C1577 amended as f ollows:
1.Use Table 1.
2.Provide concrete with a Surface Resistivity at 28 days of 22 (kΩ -cm).
3.If allowed, modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication p rocesses may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
4.When approved, minor surface cavities or irregularities which do not impair the service value of the unit and which can be corrected without marring its appearance shall be pointed with patching material from the Approved Materials List as soon as forms are removed.
1016.05 CONCRETE THREE -SIDED STRUCTURES. Comply with
ASTM C1504.
1016.06 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Manholes,
CATCH BASINS, JUNCTI ON BOXES, AND SAFETY ENDS. Comply with the d imensions shown on the plans, and the following: Circular precast concrete manholes shall comply with ASTM C478, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Square or rectangular precast concrete catch basins, junction boxes and drain manholes shall compl y with ASTM C858, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Precast safety ends shall comply with 702.04.3 . Portland cement concrete shall attain a minimum compressive strength of 4500 psi before shipping of the units.
1016.03 Reinforced Concrete Pipe Arch, (Rcpa).
Comply with ASTM C506, amended as follows:
1.Unless otherwise specified, use Class III pipe arch.
2.For pipe arch sizes not included in ASTM C506, the area of reinforcement shall be designed in accordance with ASTM C655. Provide fabrication drawings and design calculations reflecting compliance with these specifications prior to pipe fabrication.
3.If allowed , modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication processes may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
1016.04 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Box Culverts .
Comply with ASTM C1577 amended as f ollows:
1.Use Table 1.
2.Provide concrete with a Surface Resistivity at 28 days of 22 (kΩ -cm).
3.If allowed, modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication p rocesses may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
4.When approved, minor surface cavities or irregularities which do not impair the service value of the unit and which can be corrected without marring its appearance shall be pointed with patching material from the Approved Materials List as soon as forms are removed.
1016.05 CONCRETE THREE -SIDED STRUCTURES. Comply with
ASTM C1504.
1016.06 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Manholes,
CATCH BASINS, JUNCTI ON BOXES, AND SAFETY ENDS. Comply with the d imensions shown on the plans, and the following: Circular precast concrete manholes shall comply with ASTM C478, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Square or rectangular precast concrete catch basins, junction boxes and drain manholes shall compl y with ASTM C858, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Precast safety ends shall comply with 702.04.3 . Portland cement concrete shall attain a minimum compressive strength of 4500 psi before shipping of the units.
1016.03 Reinforced Concrete Pipe Arch, (Rcpa).
Comply with ASTM C506, amended as follows:
1.Unless otherwise specified, use Class III pipe arch.
2.For pipe arch sizes not included in ASTM C506, the area of reinforcement shall be designed in accordance with ASTM C655. Provide fabrication drawings and design calculations reflecting compliance with these specifications prior to pipe fabrication.
3.If allowed , modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication processes may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
1016.04 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Box Culverts .
Comply with ASTM C1577 amended as f ollows:
1.Use Table 1.
2.Provide concrete with a Surface Resistivity at 28 days of 22 (kΩ -cm).
3.If allowed, modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication p rocesses may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
4.When approved, minor surface cavities or irregularities which do not impair the service value of the unit and which can be corrected without marring its appearance shall be pointed with patching material from the Approved Materials List as soon as forms are removed.
1016.05 CONCRETE THREE -SIDED STRUCTURES. Comply with
ASTM C1504.
1016.06 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Manholes,
CATCH BASINS, JUNCTI ON BOXES, AND SAFETY ENDS. Comply with the d imensions shown on the plans, and the following: Circular precast concrete manholes shall comply with ASTM C478, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Square or rectangular precast concrete catch basins, junction boxes and drain manholes shall compl y with ASTM C858, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Precast safety ends shall comply with 702.04.3 . Portland cement concrete shall attain a minimum compressive strength of 4500 psi before shipping of the units.
1016.03 Reinforced Concrete Pipe Arch, (Rcpa).
Comply with ASTM C506, amended as follows:
1.Unless otherwise specified, use Class III pipe arch.
2.For pipe arch sizes not included in ASTM C506, the area of reinforcement shall be designed in accordance with ASTM C655. Provide fabrication drawings and design calculations reflecting compliance with these specifications prior to pipe fabrication.
3.If allowed , modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication processes may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
1016.04 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Box Culverts .
Comply with ASTM C1577 amended as f ollows:
1.Use Table 1.
2.Provide concrete with a Surface Resistivity at 28 days of 22 (kΩ -cm).
3.If allowed, modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication p rocesses may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
4.When approved, minor surface cavities or irregularities which do not impair the service value of the unit and which can be corrected without marring its appearance shall be pointed with patching material from the Approved Materials List as soon as forms are removed.
1016.05 CONCRETE THREE -SIDED STRUCTURES. Comply with
ASTM C1504.
1016.06 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Manholes,
CATCH BASINS, JUNCTI ON BOXES, AND SAFETY ENDS. Comply with the d imensions shown on the plans, and the following: Circular precast concrete manholes shall comply with ASTM C478, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Square or rectangular precast concrete catch basins, junction boxes and drain manholes shall compl y with ASTM C858, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Precast safety ends shall comply with 702.04.3 . Portland cement concrete shall attain a minimum compressive strength of 4500 psi before shipping of the units.
1016.03 Reinforced Concrete Pipe Arch, (Rcpa).
Comply with ASTM C506, amended as follows:
1.Unless otherwise specified, use Class III pipe arch.
2.For pipe arch sizes not included in ASTM C506, the area of reinforcement shall be designed in accordance with ASTM C655. Provide fabrication drawings and design calculations reflecting compliance with these specifications prior to pipe fabrication.
3.If allowed , modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication processes may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
1016.04 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Box Culverts .
Comply with ASTM C1577 amended as f ollows:
1.Use Table 1.
2.Provide concrete with a Surface Resistivity at 28 days of 22 (kΩ -cm).
3.If allowed, modified designs require review and approval from the DOTD Hydraulics and Construction Fabrication Units. Minor modifications to facilitate fabrication p rocesses may be used with the Construction Fabrication Engineer’s approval.
4.When approved, minor surface cavities or irregularities which do not impair the service value of the unit and which can be corrected without marring its appearance shall be pointed with patching material from the Approved Materials List as soon as forms are removed.
1016.05 CONCRETE THREE -SIDED STRUCTURES. Comply with
ASTM C1504.
1016.06 Precast Reinforced C Oncrete Manholes,
CATCH BASINS, JUNCTI ON BOXES, AND SAFETY ENDS. Comply with the d imensions shown on the plans, and the following: Circular precast concrete manholes shall comply with ASTM C478, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Square or rectangular precast concrete catch basins, junction boxes and drain manholes shall compl y with ASTM C858, except that Class A1 concrete shall be used. Precast safety ends shall comply with 702.04.3 . Portland cement concrete shall attain a minimum compressive strength of 4500 psi before shipping of the units. Castings for frames, grates and covers shall comply with 1013.05 for steel and shall comply with 1013.06 for gray iron or malleable iron castings. Galvanization shall conform to ASTM A123.
1016.06.1 Casting Concrete: When multiple castings are to be
made using the same forms, the use of metal non -panel forms are required. Concrete shall be placed into each sectio nal unit without interruption and shall be consolidated to force the concrete into the corners of forms and prevent formation of stone pockets or cleavage planes.
1016.06.2 Reinforcement: Reinforcement shall be as shown on the
plans, and shall not vary more than 1/4 inch from the positions shown, except at pipe connections. Cover on reinforcement shall not be less than that shown on the plans. Castings for frames, grates and covers shall comply with 1013.05 for steel and shall comply with 1013.06 for gray iron or malleable iron castings. Galvanization shall conform to ASTM A123.
1016.06.1 Casting Concrete: When multiple castings are to be
made using the same forms, the use of metal non -panel forms are required. Concrete shall be placed into each sectio nal unit without interruption and shall be consolidated to force the concrete into the corners of forms and prevent formation of stone pockets or cleavage planes.
1016.06.2 Reinforcement: Reinforcement shall be as shown on the
plans, and shall not vary more than 1/4 inch from the positions shown, except at pipe connections. Cover on reinforcement shall not be less than that shown on the plans. Castings for frames, grates and covers shall comply with 1013.05 for steel and shall comply with 1013.06 for gray iron or malleable iron castings. Galvanization shall conform to ASTM A123.
1016.06.1 Casting Concrete: When multiple castings are to be
made using the same forms, the use of metal non -panel forms are required. Concrete shall be placed into each sectio nal unit without interruption and shall be consolidated to force the concrete into the corners of forms and prevent formation of stone pockets or cleavage planes.
1016.06.2 Reinforcement: Reinforcement shall be as shown on the
plans, and shall not vary more than 1/4 inch from the positions shown, except at pipe connections. Cover on reinforcement shall not be less than that shown on the plans. Section 1017 Epoxy Resin Systems
1017.01 GENERAL. This section covers the material requirements for
Epoxy Resin Adhesives (General Use) an d Epoxy Resin Adhesives (Traffic Markers). For anchoring application, the epoxy resin systems shall comply with ASTM C881 (with the exception of the gel time requirement) and ICC -ES AC 308. For crack injection, the minimum gel time shall be 15 minutes.
1017.02 Epoxy Resin Adhesives (General Use).
1017.02.1 General: Epoxy Resin Adhesives shall comply with
AASHTO M 235 (ASTM C881) and the additional requirements of Table 1017 -1. Use two component systems in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Epoxy resin a dhesives shall be from the Approved Materials List.
1017.02.2 Classifications: Epoxy Resin Adhesives shall be
classified by Type, Grade and Class.
1017.02.2 1 Types:
1.Type I - Use in non -load-bearing application for bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete and other mat erials, and as a binder in epoxy mortars or epoxy concretes.
2.Type II - Use in non -load-bearing applications for bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
3.Type III - Use in bonding skid -resistant materials to hardened concrete, and as a binder in e poxy mortars or epoxy concretes used on traffic -bearing surfaces (or surfaces subject to thermal or mechanical movements).
4.Type IV - Use in load -bearing applications for bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete and other materials and as a binder for epoxy mortars and concretes.
5.Type V - Use in load -bearing applications for bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
6.Type VI - Use for bonding and sealing segmental precast elements, as in segment -by-segment erection and for span -by-span erection when temporary post tensioning is applied. Section 1017 Epoxy Resin Systems
1017.01 GENERAL. This section covers the material requirements for
Epoxy Resin Adhesives (General Use) an d Epoxy Resin Adhesives (Traffic Markers). For anchoring application, the epoxy resin systems shall comply with ASTM C881 (with the exception of the gel time requirement) and ICC -ES AC 308. For crack injection, the minimum gel time shall be 15 minutes.
1017.02 Epoxy Resin Adhesives (General Use).
1017.02.1 General: Epoxy Resin Adhesives shall comply with
AASHTO M 235 (ASTM C881) and the additional requirements of Table 1017 -1. Use two component systems in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Epoxy resin a dhesives shall be from the Approved Materials List.
1017.02.2 Classifications: Epoxy Resin Adhesives shall be
classified by Type, Grade and Class.
1017.02.2 1 Types:
1.Type I - Use in non -load-bearing application for bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete and other mat erials, and as a binder in epoxy mortars or epoxy concretes.
2.Type II - Use in non -load-bearing applications for bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
3.Type III - Use in bonding skid -resistant materials to hardened concrete, and as a binder in e poxy mortars or epoxy concretes used on traffic -bearing surfaces (or surfaces subject to thermal or mechanical movements).
4.Type IV - Use in load -bearing applications for bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete and other materials and as a binder for epoxy mortars and concretes.
5.Type V - Use in load -bearing applications for bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
6.Type VI - Use for bonding and sealing segmental precast elements, as in segment -by-segment erection and for span -by-span erection when temporary post tensioning is applied. Section 1017 Epoxy Resin Systems
1017.01 GENERAL. This section covers the material requirements for
Epoxy Resin Adhesives (General Use) an d Epoxy Resin Adhesives (Traffic Markers). For anchoring application, the epoxy resin systems shall comply with ASTM C881 (with the exception of the gel time requirement) and ICC -ES AC 308. For crack injection, the minimum gel time shall be 15 minutes.
1017.02 Epoxy Resin Adhesives (General Use).
1017.02.1 General: Epoxy Resin Adhesives shall comply with
AASHTO M 235 (ASTM C881) and the additional requirements of Table 1017 -1. Use two component systems in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Epoxy resin a dhesives shall be from the Approved Materials List.
1017.02.2 Classifications: Epoxy Resin Adhesives shall be
classified by Type, Grade and Class.
1017.02.2 1 Types:
1.Type I - Use in non -load-bearing application for bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete and other mat erials, and as a binder in epoxy mortars or epoxy concretes.
2.Type II - Use in non -load-bearing applications for bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
3.Type III - Use in bonding skid -resistant materials to hardened concrete, and as a binder in e poxy mortars or epoxy concretes used on traffic -bearing surfaces (or surfaces subject to thermal or mechanical movements).
4.Type IV - Use in load -bearing applications for bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete and other materials and as a binder for epoxy mortars and concretes.
5.Type V - Use in load -bearing applications for bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
6.Type VI - Use for bonding and sealing segmental precast elements, as in segment -by-segment erection and for span -by-span erection when temporary post tensioning is applied. Section 1017 Epoxy Resin Systems
1017.01 GENERAL. This section covers the material requirements for
Epoxy Resin Adhesives (General Use) an d Epoxy Resin Adhesives (Traffic Markers). For anchoring application, the epoxy resin systems shall comply with ASTM C881 (with the exception of the gel time requirement) and ICC -ES AC 308. For crack injection, the minimum gel time shall be 15 minutes.
1017.02 Epoxy Resin Adhesives (General Use).
1017.02.1 General: Epoxy Resin Adhesives shall comply with
AASHTO M 235 (ASTM C881) and the additional requirements of Table 1017 -1. Use two component systems in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Epoxy resin a dhesives shall be from the Approved Materials List.
1017.02.2 Classifications: Epoxy Resin Adhesives shall be
classified by Type, Grade and Class.
1017.02.2 1 Types:
1.Type I - Use in non -load-bearing application for bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete and other mat erials, and as a binder in epoxy mortars or epoxy concretes.
2.Type II - Use in non -load-bearing applications for bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
3.Type III - Use in bonding skid -resistant materials to hardened concrete, and as a binder in e poxy mortars or epoxy concretes used on traffic -bearing surfaces (or surfaces subject to thermal or mechanical movements).
4.Type IV - Use in load -bearing applications for bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete and other materials and as a binder for epoxy mortars and concretes.
5.Type V - Use in load -bearing applications for bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete.
6.Type VI - Use for bonding and sealing segmental precast elements, as in segment -by-segment erection and for span -by-span erection when temporary post tensioning is applied. Permeable Bases
307.01 DESCRIPTION. Construct a permeable asphalt base or
permeable concrete base on a prepared subgrade in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, thicknesses, and typical sections shown on the plans or as directed. When including a permeable base in the contract, furnish either a permeable asphalt base or a permeable concrete base unless otherwise specified. Use the same type of base throughout the project unless otherwise specified on the plans or approved in writing. The permeable asphalt base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, polymer modified asphalt cement, and approved anti-strip additive. The permeable concrete base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, portland cement, admixtures, and water.
307.02 MATERIALS. Materials shall comply with the following
requirements.
307.02.1 Aggregates: The aggregates for both the permeable
asphalt base and the permeable concrete base shall be 100 percent crushed stone conforming to the requirements of 1003.03.4 .
307.02.2 Asphalt: The asphalt for asphalt treated permeable base
shall be an approved polymer modified asphalt cement, or, complying with Section 1002 . The percentage of asphalt cem ent shall be 2.0 percent to 4.0 percent by weight of the total mixture. Asphalt cement content and mixing process shall be such that all aggregates are visibly coated. The mixture shall retain 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. Submit a job mix formula for approval in accordance with Section 502 .
307.02.3 Anti-Strip Additive: Use an Approved Materials List anti -
strip additive complying with 1002.02.1 for the permeable asphalt base. Add the anti-strip additive at the minimum rate of 0.5 percent by weight of asphalt and thoroughly mix with the asphalt cement at the plant. Additional anti-strip additive may be up to 1.2 percent by weight. Permeable Bases
307.01 DESCRIPTION. Construct a permeable asphalt base or
permeable concrete base on a prepared subgrade in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, thicknesses, and typical sections shown on the plans or as directed. When including a permeable base in the contract, furnish either a permeable asphalt base or a permeable concrete base unless otherwise specified. Use the same type of base throughout the project unless otherwise specified on the plans or approved in writing. The permeable asphalt base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, polymer modified asphalt cement, and approved anti-strip additive. The permeable concrete base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, portland cement, admixtures, and water.
307.02 MATERIALS. Materials shall comply with the following
requirements.
307.02.1 Aggregates: The aggregates for both the permeable
asphalt base and the permeable concrete base shall be 100 percent crushed stone conforming to the requirements of 1003.03.4 .
307.02.2 Asphalt: The asphalt for asphalt treated permeable base
shall be an approved polymer modified asphalt cement, or, complying with Section 1002 . The percentage of asphalt cem ent shall be 2.0 percent to 4.0 percent by weight of the total mixture. Asphalt cement content and mixing process shall be such that all aggregates are visibly coated. The mixture shall retain 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. Submit a job mix formula for approval in accordance with Section 502 .
307.02.3 Anti-Strip Additive: Use an Approved Materials List anti -
strip additive complying with 1002.02.1 for the permeable asphalt base. Add the anti-strip additive at the minimum rate of 0.5 percent by weight of asphalt and thoroughly mix with the asphalt cement at the plant. Additional anti-strip additive may be up to 1.2 percent by weight. Permeable Bases
307.01 DESCRIPTION. Construct a permeable asphalt base or
permeable concrete base on a prepared subgrade in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, thicknesses, and typical sections shown on the plans or as directed. When including a permeable base in the contract, furnish either a permeable asphalt base or a permeable concrete base unless otherwise specified. Use the same type of base throughout the project unless otherwise specified on the plans or approved in writing. The permeable asphalt base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, polymer modified asphalt cement, and approved anti-strip additive. The permeable concrete base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, portland cement, admixtures, and water.
307.02 MATERIALS. Materials shall comply with the following
requirements.
307.02.1 Aggregates: The aggregates for both the permeable
asphalt base and the permeable concrete base shall be 100 percent crushed stone conforming to the requirements of 1003.03.4 .
307.02.2 Asphalt: The asphalt for asphalt treated permeable base
shall be an approved polymer modified asphalt cement, or, complying with Section 1002 . The percentage of asphalt cem ent shall be 2.0 percent to 4.0 percent by weight of the total mixture. Asphalt cement content and mixing process shall be such that all aggregates are visibly coated. The mixture shall retain 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. Submit a job mix formula for approval in accordance with Section 502 .
307.02.3 Anti-Strip Additive: Use an Approved Materials List anti -
strip additive complying with 1002.02.1 for the permeable asphalt base. Add the anti-strip additive at the minimum rate of 0.5 percent by weight of asphalt and thoroughly mix with the asphalt cement at the plant. Additional anti-strip additive may be up to 1.2 percent by weight. Permeable Bases
307.01 DESCRIPTION. Construct a permeable asphalt base or
permeable concrete base on a prepared subgrade in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, thicknesses, and typical sections shown on the plans or as directed. When including a permeable base in the contract, furnish either a permeable asphalt base or a permeable concrete base unless otherwise specified. Use the same type of base throughout the project unless otherwise specified on the plans or approved in writing. The permeable asphalt base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, polymer modified asphalt cement, and approved anti-strip additive. The permeable concrete base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, portland cement, admixtures, and water.
307.02 MATERIALS. Materials shall comply with the following
requirements.
307.02.1 Aggregates: The aggregates for both the permeable
asphalt base and the permeable concrete base shall be 100 percent crushed stone conforming to the requirements of 1003.03.4 .
307.02.2 Asphalt: The asphalt for asphalt treated permeable base
shall be an approved polymer modified asphalt cement, or, complying with Section 1002 . The percentage of asphalt cem ent shall be 2.0 percent to 4.0 percent by weight of the total mixture. Asphalt cement content and mixing process shall be such that all aggregates are visibly coated. The mixture shall retain 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. Submit a job mix formula for approval in accordance with Section 502 .
307.02.3 Anti-Strip Additive: Use an Approved Materials List anti -
strip additive complying with 1002.02.1 for the permeable asphalt base. Add the anti-strip additive at the minimum rate of 0.5 percent by weight of asphalt and thoroughly mix with the asphalt cement at the plant. Additional anti-strip additive may be up to 1.2 percent by weight. Permeable Bases
307.01 DESCRIPTION. Construct a permeable asphalt base or
permeable concrete base on a prepared subgrade in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, thicknesses, and typical sections shown on the plans or as directed. When including a permeable base in the contract, furnish either a permeable asphalt base or a permeable concrete base unless otherwise specified. Use the same type of base throughout the project unless otherwise specified on the plans or approved in writing. The permeable asphalt base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, polymer modified asphalt cement, and approved anti-strip additive. The permeable concrete base shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, portland cement, admixtures, and water.
307.02 MATERIALS. Materials shall comply with the following
requirements.
307.02.1 Aggregates: The aggregates for both the permeable
asphalt base and the permeable concrete base shall be 100 percent crushed stone conforming to the requirements of 1003.03.4 .
307.02.2 Asphalt: The asphalt for asphalt treated permeable base
shall be an approved polymer modified asphalt cement, or, complying with Section 1002 . The percentage of asphalt cem ent shall be 2.0 percent to 4.0 percent by weight of the total mixture. Asphalt cement content and mixing process shall be such that all aggregates are visibly coated. The mixture shall retain 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. Submit a job mix formula for approval in accordance with Section 502 .
307.02.3 Anti-Strip Additive: Use an Approved Materials List anti -
strip additive complying with 1002.02.1 for the permeable asphalt base. Add the anti-strip additive at the minimum rate of 0.5 percent by weight of asphalt and thoroughly mix with the asphalt cement at the plant. Additional anti-strip additive may be up to 1.2 percent by weight. The proposed job mix formula shall indicate a single anti-strip additi ve rate, which is 0.1 percent greater than the percentage that will yield a minimum of 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. The approved range shall be 0.2 percent by weight of asphalt, with the lower limit being the quantity determ ined in accordance with DOTD TR 317 and the maximum limit not to exceed 1.2 percent by weight of asphalt.
307.02.4 Permeable Portland Cement Concrete: Use a Type I
portland cement complying with Section 1001 for permeable concrete base. Provide a minimum cement content of 235 pounds of portland cement per cubic yard of concrete. The water cement ratio of the mixture shall be not more than 0.37. Submit a mix design for approval in accordance with Section 901 .
307.02.5 Admixtures: Admixtures for the permeable concrete base
shall be from the Approved Materials List complying with 1011.02 . The rate shall be as indicated in the Approved Materials List.
307.03 Construction
307.03.1 Permeable Asphalt Base: Place the permeable asphalt
base in accordance with Section 502 . Compact with a minimum of three passes of a 5- to 10 -ton smooth steel -wheel roller conforming to Section 503 until no further displacement is noted. Place permeable asphalt base at a temperature between 200°F to 260°F when measured in the hopper of the paving machine. Begin compaction when the temperature of the permeable asphalt base has cooled to approximately 160°F and complete before the temperature falls below 100°F.
307.03.2 Permeable Concrete Base: Place the permeable
concrete base by slip forming in accordance with Section 601 or by an asphalt concrete paver in accordance with Section 503 . Compact by using vibrating screed s or plates as directed. No construction joints will be required. Immediately after concrete placement, cure the permeable concrete base by covering the entire surface and exposed edges with white pigmented curing compound in accordance with 601.03.10 .
307.04 PROTECTION. Protect the permeable asphalt and permeable
concrete bases from severe weather conditions and contamination by dust, dirt, mud, or other fine grained material. Protect by an approved method The proposed job mix formula shall indicate a single anti-strip additi ve rate, which is 0.1 percent greater than the percentage that will yield a minimum of 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. The approved range shall be 0.2 percent by weight of asphalt, with the lower limit being the quantity determ ined in accordance with DOTD TR 317 and the maximum limit not to exceed 1.2 percent by weight of asphalt.
307.02.4 Permeable Portland Cement Concrete: Use a Type I
portland cement complying with Section 1001 for permeable concrete base. Provide a minimum cement content of 235 pounds of portland cement per cubic yard of concrete. The water cement ratio of the mixture shall be not more than 0.37. Submit a mix design for approval in accordance with Section 901 .
307.02.5 Admixtures: Admixtures for the permeable concrete base
shall be from the Approved Materials List complying with 1011.02 . The rate shall be as indicated in the Approved Materials List.
307.03 Construction
307.03.1 Permeable Asphalt Base: Place the permeable asphalt
base in accordance with Section 502 . Compact with a minimum of three passes of a 5- to 10 -ton smooth steel -wheel roller conforming to Section 503 until no further displacement is noted. Place permeable asphalt base at a temperature between 200°F to 260°F when measured in the hopper of the paving machine. Begin compaction when the temperature of the permeable asphalt base has cooled to approximately 160°F and complete before the temperature falls below 100°F.
307.03.2 Permeable Concrete Base: Place the permeable
concrete base by slip forming in accordance with Section 601 or by an asphalt concrete paver in accordance with Section 503 . Compact by using vibrating screed s or plates as directed. No construction joints will be required. Immediately after concrete placement, cure the permeable concrete base by covering the entire surface and exposed edges with white pigmented curing compound in accordance with 601.03.10 .
307.04 PROTECTION. Protect the permeable asphalt and permeable
concrete bases from severe weather conditions and contamination by dust, dirt, mud, or other fine grained material. Protect by an approved method The proposed job mix formula shall indicate a single anti-strip additi ve rate, which is 0.1 percent greater than the percentage that will yield a minimum of 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. The approved range shall be 0.2 percent by weight of asphalt, with the lower limit being the quantity determ ined in accordance with DOTD TR 317 and the maximum limit not to exceed 1.2 percent by weight of asphalt.
307.02.4 Permeable Portland Cement Concrete: Use a Type I
portland cement complying with Section 1001 for permeable concrete base. Provide a minimum cement content of 235 pounds of portland cement per cubic yard of concrete. The water cement ratio of the mixture shall be not more than 0.37. Submit a mix design for approval in accordance with Section 901 .
307.02.5 Admixtures: Admixtures for the permeable concrete base
shall be from the Approved Materials List complying with 1011.02 . The rate shall be as indicated in the Approved Materials List.
307.03 Construction
307.03.1 Permeable Asphalt Base: Place the permeable asphalt
base in accordance with Section 502 . Compact with a minimum of three passes of a 5- to 10 -ton smooth steel -wheel roller conforming to Section 503 until no further displacement is noted. Place permeable asphalt base at a temperature between 200°F to 260°F when measured in the hopper of the paving machine. Begin compaction when the temperature of the permeable asphalt base has cooled to approximately 160°F and complete before the temperature falls below 100°F.
307.03.2 Permeable Concrete Base: Place the permeable
concrete base by slip forming in accordance with Section 601 or by an asphalt concrete paver in accordance with Section 503 . Compact by using vibrating screed s or plates as directed. No construction joints will be required. Immediately after concrete placement, cure the permeable concrete base by covering the entire surface and exposed edges with white pigmented curing compound in accordance with 601.03.10 .
307.04 PROTECTION. Protect the permeable asphalt and permeable
concrete bases from severe weather conditions and contamination by dust, dirt, mud, or other fine grained material. Protect by an approved method The proposed job mix formula shall indicate a single anti-strip additi ve rate, which is 0.1 percent greater than the percentage that will yield a minimum of 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. The approved range shall be 0.2 percent by weight of asphalt, with the lower limit being the quantity determ ined in accordance with DOTD TR 317 and the maximum limit not to exceed 1.2 percent by weight of asphalt.
307.02.4 Permeable Portland Cement Concrete: Use a Type I
portland cement complying with Section 1001 for permeable concrete base. Provide a minimum cement content of 235 pounds of portland cement per cubic yard of concrete. The water cement ratio of the mixture shall be not more than 0.37. Submit a mix design for approval in accordance with Section 901 .
307.02.5 Admixtures: Admixtures for the permeable concrete base
shall be from the Approved Materials List complying with 1011.02 . The rate shall be as indicated in the Approved Materials List.
307.03 Construction
307.03.1 Permeable Asphalt Base: Place the permeable asphalt
base in accordance with Section 502 . Compact with a minimum of three passes of a 5- to 10 -ton smooth steel -wheel roller conforming to Section 503 until no further displacement is noted. Place permeable asphalt base at a temperature between 200°F to 260°F when measured in the hopper of the paving machine. Begin compaction when the temperature of the permeable asphalt base has cooled to approximately 160°F and complete before the temperature falls below 100°F.
307.03.2 Permeable Concrete Base: Place the permeable
concrete base by slip forming in accordance with Section 601 or by an asphalt concrete paver in accordance with Section 503 . Compact by using vibrating screed s or plates as directed. No construction joints will be required. Immediately after concrete placement, cure the permeable concrete base by covering the entire surface and exposed edges with white pigmented curing compound in accordance with 601.03.10 .
307.04 PROTECTION. Protect the permeable asphalt and permeable
concrete bases from severe weather conditions and contamination by dust, dirt, mud, or other fine grained material. Protect by an approved method The proposed job mix formula shall indicate a single anti-strip additi ve rate, which is 0.1 percent greater than the percentage that will yield a minimum of 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. The approved range shall be 0.2 percent by weight of asphalt, with the lower limit being the quantity determ ined in accordance with DOTD TR 317 and the maximum limit not to exceed 1.2 percent by weight of asphalt.
307.02.4 Permeable Portland Cement Concrete: Use a Type I
portland cement complying with Section 1001 for permeable concrete base. Provide a minimum cement content of 235 pounds of portland cement per cubic yard of concrete. The water cement ratio of the mixture shall be not more than 0.37. Submit a mix design for approval in accordance with Section 901 .
307.02.5 Admixtures: Admixtures for the permeable concrete base
shall be from the Approved Materials List complying with 1011.02 . The rate shall be as indicated in the Approved Materials List.
307.03 Construction
307.03.1 Permeable Asphalt Base: Place the permeable asphalt
base in accordance with Section 502 . Compact with a minimum of three passes of a 5- to 10 -ton smooth steel -wheel roller conforming to Section 503 until no further displacement is noted. Place permeable asphalt base at a temperature between 200°F to 260°F when measured in the hopper of the paving machine. Begin compaction when the temperature of the permeable asphalt base has cooled to approximately 160°F and complete before the temperature falls below 100°F.
307.03.2 Permeable Concrete Base: Place the permeable
concrete base by slip forming in accordance with Section 601 or by an asphalt concrete paver in accordance with Section 503 . Compact by using vibrating screed s or plates as directed. No construction joints will be required. Immediately after concrete placement, cure the permeable concrete base by covering the entire surface and exposed edges with white pigmented curing compound in accordance with 601.03.10 .
307.04 PROTECTION. Protect the permeable asphalt and permeable
concrete bases from severe weather conditions and contamination by dust, dirt, mud, or other fine grained material. Protect by an approved method The proposed job mix formula shall indicate a single anti-strip additi ve rate, which is 0.1 percent greater than the percentage that will yield a minimum of 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. The approved range shall be 0.2 percent by weight of asphalt, with the lower limit being the quantity determ ined in accordance with DOTD TR 317 and the maximum limit not to exceed 1.2 percent by weight of asphalt.
307.02.4 Permeable Portland Cement Concrete: Use a Type I
portland cement complying with Section 1001 for permeable concrete base. Provide a minimum cement content of 235 pounds of portland cement per cubic yard of concrete. The water cement ratio of the mixture shall be not more than 0.37. Submit a mix design for approval in accordance with Section 901 .
307.02.5 Admixtures: Admixtures for the permeable concrete base
shall be from the Approved Materials List complying with 1011.02 . The rate shall be as indicated in the Approved Materials List.
307.03 Construction
307.03.1 Permeable Asphalt Base: Place the permeable asphalt
base in accordance with Section 502 . Compact with a minimum of three passes of a 5- to 10 -ton smooth steel -wheel roller conforming to Section 503 until no further displacement is noted. Place permeable asphalt base at a temperature between 200°F to 260°F when measured in the hopper of the paving machine. Begin compaction when the temperature of the permeable asphalt base has cooled to approximately 160°F and complete before the temperature falls below 100°F.
307.03.2 Permeable Concrete Base: Place the permeable
concrete base by slip forming in accordance with Section 601 or by an asphalt concrete paver in accordance with Section 503 . Compact by using vibrating screed s or plates as directed. No construction joints will be required. Immediately after concrete placement, cure the permeable concrete base by covering the entire surface and exposed edges with white pigmented curing compound in accordance with 601.03.10 .
307.04 PROTECTION. Protect the permeable asphalt and permeable
concrete bases from severe weather conditions and contamination by dust, dirt, mud, or other fine grained material. Protect by an approved method The proposed job mix formula shall indicate a single anti-strip additi ve rate, which is 0.1 percent greater than the percentage that will yield a minimum of 90 percent coating when tested in accordance with DOTD TR 317. The approved range shall be 0.2 percent by weight of asphalt, with the lower limit being the quantity determ ined in accordance with DOTD TR 317 and the maximum limit not to exceed 1.2 percent by weight of asphalt.
307.02.4 Permeable Portland Cement Concrete: Use a Type I
portland cement complying with Section 1001 for permeable concrete base. Provide a minimum cement content of 235 pounds of portland cement per cubic yard of concrete. The water cement ratio of the mixture shall be not more than 0.37. Submit a mix design for approval in accordance with Section 901 .
307.02.5 Admixtures: Admixtures for the permeable concrete base
shall be from the Approved Materials List complying with 1011.02 . The rate shall be as indicated in the Approved Materials List.
307.03 Construction
307.03.1 Permeable Asphalt Base: Place the permeable asphalt
base in accordance with Section 502 . Compact with a minimum of three passes of a 5- to 10 -ton smooth steel -wheel roller conforming to Section 503 until no further displacement is noted. Place permeable asphalt base at a temperature between 200°F to 260°F when measured in the hopper of the paving machine. Begin compaction when the temperature of the permeable asphalt base has cooled to approximately 160°F and complete before the temperature falls below 100°F.
307.03.2 Permeable Concrete Base: Place the permeable
concrete base by slip forming in accordance with Section 601 or by an asphalt concrete paver in accordance with Section 503 . Compact by using vibrating screed s or plates as directed. No construction joints will be required. Immediately after concrete placement, cure the permeable concrete base by covering the entire surface and exposed edges with white pigmented curing compound in accordance with 601.03.10 .
307.04 PROTECTION. Protect the permeable asphalt and permeable
concrete bases from severe weather conditions and contamination by dust, dirt, mud, or other fine grained material. Protect by an approved method from the time of placement until placement of the following pavement layer. Do not permit traffic on the per meable asphalt base or permeable concrete base. Equipment required to place the pavement will be allowed, provided that it enters and exits as near as possible to the paving operation. Repair all damage to the permeable bases caused by the contractor’s equipment at no direct pay. Remove and replace at no direct pay all portions of the permeable bases that become contaminated to the extent that drainage is reduced or inhibited. Cover the permeable bases with the pavement within 15 working days after placement.
307.05 TOLERANCES. The finished surface of permeable asphalt base
and permeable concrete base shall be uniform and shall not vary at any point more than 0.05 foot above or below the established grade. The cross - slope shall not vary by more than ±0. 003 foot/foot. Permeable asphalt base or permeable concrete base with a surface higher than 0.05 foot above the established grade shall be removed and replaced with permeable base which complies with these specifications or, when permitted, the high spots may be removed to within specified tolerance by any method that does not produce contaminating fines nor damage the base to remain in place. Grinding will not be permitted. Permeable base with a surface lower than 0.05 foot below the established grade shall be removed and replaced with permeable base which complies with these specifications. When permi tted, low areas not exceeding 1 inch shall be filled with subsequent roadway pavement at the time and in the same operation in which the paveme nt is placed at no direct pay.
307.06 TESTING. Before placing surfacing, core the permeable bases at
the locations determined by the engineer in accordance with DOTD TR 602. All cores shall be taken in the presence of and given to the engineer for verification of b ase thickness.
307.07 MEASUREMENT. Permeable base will be measured by the
square yard from the design quantities shown on the plans. Design quantities will be adjusted if the engineer makes changes to adjust to field conditions, plan errors are proven, or des ign changes are necessary. from the time of placement until placement of the following pavement layer. Do not permit traffic on the per meable asphalt base or permeable concrete base. Equipment required to place the pavement will be allowed, provided that it enters and exits as near as possible to the paving operation. Repair all damage to the permeable bases caused by the contractor’s equipment at no direct pay. Remove and replace at no direct pay all portions of the permeable bases that become contaminated to the extent that drainage is reduced or inhibited. Cover the permeable bases with the pavement within 15 working days after placement.
307.05 TOLERANCES. The finished surface of permeable asphalt base
and permeable concrete base shall be uniform and shall not vary at any point more than 0.05 foot above or below the established grade. The cross - slope shall not vary by more than ±0. 003 foot/foot. Permeable asphalt base or permeable concrete base with a surface higher than 0.05 foot above the established grade shall be removed and replaced with permeable base which complies with these specifications or, when permitted, the high spots may be removed to within specified tolerance by any method that does not produce contaminating fines nor damage the base to remain in place. Grinding will not be permitted. Permeable base with a surface lower than 0.05 foot below the established grade shall be removed and replaced with permeable base which complies with these specifications. When permi tted, low areas not exceeding 1 inch shall be filled with subsequent roadway pavement at the time and in the same operation in which the paveme nt is placed at no direct pay.
307.06 TESTING. Before placing surfacing, core the permeable bases at
the locations determined by the engineer in accordance with DOTD TR 602. All cores shall be taken in the presence of and given to the engineer for verification of b ase thickness.
307.07 MEASUREMENT. Permeable base will be measured by the
square yard from the design quantities shown on the plans. Design quantities will be adjusted if the engineer makes changes to adjust to field conditions, plan errors are proven, or des ign changes are necessary. from the time of placement until placement of the following pavement layer. Do not permit traffic on the per meable asphalt base or permeable concrete base. Equipment required to place the pavement will be allowed, provided that it enters and exits as near as possible to the paving operation. Repair all damage to the permeable bases caused by the contractor’s equipment at no direct pay. Remove and replace at no direct pay all portions of the permeable bases that become contaminated to the extent that drainage is reduced or inhibited. Cover the permeable bases with the pavement within 15 working days after placement.
307.05 TOLERANCES. The finished surface of permeable asphalt base
and permeable concrete base shall be uniform and shall not vary at any point more than 0.05 foot above or below the established grade. The cross - slope shall not vary by more than ±0. 003 foot/foot. Permeable asphalt base or permeable concrete base with a surface higher than 0.05 foot above the established grade shall be removed and replaced with permeable base which complies with these specifications or, when permitted, the high spots may be removed to within specified tolerance by any method that does not produce contaminating fines nor damage the base to remain in place. Grinding will not be permitted. Permeable base with a surface lower than 0.05 foot below the established grade shall be removed and replaced with permeable base which complies with these specifications. When permi tted, low areas not exceeding 1 inch shall be filled with subsequent roadway pavement at the time and in the same operation in which the paveme nt is placed at no direct pay.
307.06 TESTING. Before placing surfacing, core the permeable bases at
the locations determined by the engineer in accordance with DOTD TR 602. All cores shall be taken in the presence of and given to the engineer for verification of b ase thickness.
307.07 MEASUREMENT. Permeable base will be measured by the
square yard from the design quantities shown on the plans. Design quantities will be adjusted if the engineer makes changes to adjust to field conditions, plan errors are proven, or des ign changes are necessary. from the time of placement until placement of the following pavement layer. Do not permit traffic on the per meable asphalt base or permeable concrete base. Equipment required to place the pavement will be allowed, provided that it enters and exits as near as possible to the paving operation. Repair all damage to the permeable bases caused by the contractor’s equipment at no direct pay. Remove and replace at no direct pay all portions of the permeable bases that become contaminated to the extent that drainage is reduced or inhibited. Cover the permeable bases with the pavement within 15 working days after placement.
307.05 TOLERANCES. The finished surface of permeable asphalt base
and permeable concrete base shall be uniform and shall not vary at any point more than 0.05 foot above or below the established grade. The cross - slope shall not vary by more than ±0. 003 foot/foot. Permeable asphalt base or permeable concrete base with a surface higher than 0.05 foot above the established grade shall be removed and replaced with permeable base which complies with these specifications or, when permitted, the high spots may be removed to within specified tolerance by any method that does not produce contaminating fines nor damage the base to remain in place. Grinding will not be permitted. Permeable base with a surface lower than 0.05 foot below the established grade shall be removed and replaced with permeable base which complies with these specifications. When permi tted, low areas not exceeding 1 inch shall be filled with subsequent roadway pavement at the time and in the same operation in which the paveme nt is placed at no direct pay.
307.06 TESTING. Before placing surfacing, core the permeable bases at
the locations determined by the engineer in accordance with DOTD TR 602. All cores shall be taken in the presence of and given to the engineer for verification of b ase thickness.
307.07 MEASUREMENT. Permeable base will be measured by the
square yard from the design quantities shown on the plans. Design quantities will be adjusted if the engineer makes changes to adjust to field conditions, plan errors are proven, or des ign changes are necessary. Determine design areas using the horizontal dimensions shown on the plans, the length being along the centerline of the base.
307.08 PAYMENT. Payment for permeable base will be made at the
contract unit price per square yard, which shall include all materials, tools, incidentals and the performance of work necessary to complete these items. Payment will be made under: Item No. Pay Item Pay Unit 307-01 Permeable Base ___ in Thick Square Yard Determine design areas using the horizontal dimensions shown on the plans, the length being along the centerline of the base.
307.08 PAYMENT. Payment for permeable base will be made at the
contract unit price per square yard, which shall include all materials, tools, incidentals and the performance of work necessary to complete these items. Payment will be made under: Item No. Pay Item Pay Unit 307-01 Permeable Base ___ in Thick Square Yard Section 308 Vacant Section 309 In-Place Cement Treated Subgrade
309.01 DESCRIPTION. In-Place cement treated subgrade is primarily
used for existing roadway reconstruction, typically for subgrade soils with a Plasticity Index (PI) not exceeding 20, unless otherwise specified. The design compressive strengt h criteria for in -place cement treated subgrade shall be 100 psi as determined in accordance with DOTD TR 432, Method B or C. Treat subgrade soil materials with portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, or as directed. These specifications set forth the minimum requirements for construction of the treated subgrade; however, construct a treated subgrade that will provide adequate support for construction equipment and processes. Submit a dust control plan to address weather, sight clearance, operational procedures, traffic control, and any other project specific concerns. Failure to maintain sight clearance will result in the engineer stopping contractor operations. The Department will identify dust sensitive areas in the plans. In these specific areas, the dust control plan must also includ e environmental requirements. Quality assurance requirements shall be as specified in the latest edition of the Department’ s publication titled Application of Quality Assurance Specifications for Embankment and Base Course.
309.02 Materials.
Materials shall comply with the following sections and subsections: Portland Cement 1001.01 Blended Hydraulic Cement 1001.02 Water 1018.01
309.02.1 Determination of Cement Rate
309.02.1 1 Predetermined (Plan Specified): For portland
cement, mix the roadbed material with the rate of cement by volume as shown on the plans.
309.02.1 2 Non-Predetermined: If the percent cement has not
Source: Louisiana Standard Specifications for Roads and Bridges, 2016 Edition. Pages 1100–1102 of 1,145.