Section 1019
10-44 Section 1019
SHOULDER AND SLOPE MATERIAL 1019 -1 GENERAL Use s houlder and slope material to construct shoulders and plate slopes with materials capable of supporting vegetation. Material that contains roots, root mats, stumps or other unsatisfactory material will not be acceptable. 1019 -2 SHOULDER AND SLOPE BORROW Use borrow sources in accordance with Section 230. Use soil consisting of loose, friable, sandy material with a PI greater than 6 and less than 25 and a pH ranging from 5.5 to 7.0. Remove stones and other foreign material 2 inches or larger in diameter. Soil consisting of a pH ranging from 4.0 to 5. 4 may be accepted by the Engineer if the following limestone application is used. Substitute listed limestone application rates when performing seeding and mulching operations. Standard lime application rate is 4000 lb s. per acre. Soil type should be identified during the soil analysis. Soils wit h a pH below 4.0 should not be used. Soils with a pH above 7.0 require acidic amendments to be added. Contact the Engineer for recommendations to lower pH below 7.0. pH Test Result TABLE 1019 -1 LIMESTONE APPLICATION RATE (lbs / acre) TO RAISE pH Sandy Soils Silt Loam Soils Clay Loam Soils 4.0 to 4.4 4000 + 1000 4000 + 4000 4000 + 6000 4.5 to 4.9 4000 + 500 4000 + 3000 4000 + 5000 5.0 to 5.4 4000 4000 + 2000 4000 + 4000 1019 -3 AGGREGATE SHOULDER BORROW Use aggregate shoulder borrow (ASB) that meets the following gradation in Table 1019- 2. TABLE 1019 -2 GRADATION OF AGGREGATE SHOULDER BORROW Sieve Percentage Passing 1 1/2" 100 1/2" 55-95 #4 35-74 ASPHALT MATERIALS AND ADDITIVES 1020 -1 DELIVERY AND ACCEPTANCE OF ASPHALT MATERIALS Asphalt materials are accepted at the source of shipment subject to the conditions herein. All asphalt transport tankers, including rail and truck tankers, shall have a sampling valve in accordance with Asphalt QMS Manual , AASHTO R66, ASTM D140 or a comparable device acceptable to the Engineer. Each transport tanker delivering asphalt materials to the project or rail siding shall keep a running log showing the date, destination and type and grade of material hauled on each trip. Print, stamp, or write in ink information appearing in the log and have available for examination upon request.
10-45 Furnis h with each shipment 2 copies of a delivery ticket. Ensure both copies accompany the
shipment and are deliver ed to the Engineer or his representative at the destination. The delivery ticket must contain all necessary information to identify the material and meet the state requirements of the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services or other appropriate state agency that the asphalt terminal is in, the Department’s Performance Graded Asphalt Binder QC/QA P rogram and the Department’s Asphalt Emulsion QC/QA Program . When anti -strip additive is introduced into the asphalt binder, ensure the delivery ticket note s the brand, grade and percentage or quantity at which the additive was introduced. Furnish a statement of certification from the supplier and a separate statement of certification from the transporter. Sign each certification by an authorized representati ve of the supplier or transporter. Stamp, write or print these certifications on the delivery ticket in accordance with the appropriate QC/QA Program (Department’s Performance Graded Asphalt Binder QC/QA Program or the Department’s Asphalt Emulsion QC/QA Program ), or attach to the delivery ticket. Failure to sign the certifications by either the supplier or transporter will be cause to withhold use of the material until a sample can be taken and tested, except where an alternative testing and invoicing procedure has been pre- approved by the Engineer. The Engineer reserves the right to sample and test any shipment regardless of whether the above conditions have been met and to reject any material not meeting the s pecifications . 1020 -2 ASPHALT BINDER Use performance graded asphalt binder meeting AASHTO M 320 Table 1 and the Department’s Performance Graded Asphal t Binder QC/QA Program . See Article 610 -3 for the specified grades. Submit a Quality Control Plan for asphalt binder production in conformance with AASHTO R 26 and the Department’s Performance Graded Asphalt Binder QC/QA Program to the Asphalt Workgroup in the Materials and Tests Unit. The Department’s Performance Graded As phalt Binder QC/QA Program shall be implemented in accordance with Article 27 1020 -6. Where modification of the asphalt binder is required to meet the specified grade, accomplish the modification using a styrene butadiene styrene (SBS), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), styrene butadiene (SB) polymer or other modifiers approved by the Enginee r to modify asphalt to meet the grade specified before delivery to the asphalt plant. Other polymers shall be pre - approved and listed by the Materials and Tests Unit. Air blown asphalt will not be permitted. 1020 -3 ASPHALT EMULSION Use asphalt emulsion that meets the requirements in the Department’s Asphalt Emulsion QC/QA Program . The program includes requirements for latex modified, polymer modified, and non- tracking tack emu lsified asphalt products and producers. New emulsified asphalt products will need to go through the new products approval process. Submit a QC Plan for asphalt emulsion that meets the Department ’s Asphalt Emulsion QC/QA Program to the Materials and Tests Unit. 1020 -4 POLYMER MODIFIED EMULSION MEMBRANE Use polymer modified emulsion membrane consisting of styrene butadiene block copolymer modified asphalt emulsion to form a water impermeable seal and bond the new hot mix to the existing surface. Complete polymer modification of base asphalt before emulsification. Conform to Table 1020 -1.
10-46 Table 1020 -1
EMULSION AND RESIDUE TESTING Property Requirement Test Method EMULSION: Min. Max. Saybolt Viscosity @ 77°F, SFS 20 100 AASHTO T Sieve Test, % 0.1 AASHTO T 24-Hour Storage Stability, %A 1 AASHTO T Residue from Distillation, %B 63 AASHTO T Oil portion from distillation ml of oil per 100 g emulsion 2.0 Demulsibility 60 AASHTO T RESIDUE: Solubility in TCE, % 97.5 AASHTO T Elastic Recovery 60 AASHTO T 301 Penetration @ 77°F, 100 g, 5 sec, d mm 60 150 AASHTO T
A.After standing undisturbed for 24 hours, the surface shall show no white, milky colored substance, but shall be a smooth homogeneous color throughout.
B.AASHTO T -59 with modifications to include a 400°F ± 10°F maximum temperature to be held for 15 minutes. 1020 -5 PRIME COAT MATERIALS Supply prime coat materials from pre -approved sources that ar e on the NCDOT APL . Verification samples taken at the point of application (destination) are subject to the following conditions:
A.All prime coat materials shall be delivered to the project ready for use.
B.Sampling will be made at the point of application as directed by the Engineer . The Department reserves the right to sample all materials used for prime coat applications, either at the destination or at the point of origin, and to withhold acceptance of material until analysis of such samples have been ma de. When a material meets specification requirements, but has a history of unsatisfactory service performance, its use for construction or maintenance purposes may be restricted by the Engineer .
C.The sand penetration results for a material used as a prime coat are penetration depth of at least 12 mm and penetration time of not more than 90 seconds. Copies of the Sand Penetration Test P rocedure are available upon request from the Materials and Tests Unit.
D.Materials used as a prime coat shall have a mi nimum rating of fair on the coating ability and water resistance test i n accordance with AASHTO T 59.
E.For materials stored longer than one day at the destination point (Contractors ’/Division s’ tanks), submit to the Engineer a certified laboratory report on the performance of the material for storage stability test in accordance with AASHTO T 59.
F.The diluted materials shall be tested for asphalt residue percent in accordance with AASHTO T 59, and shall have a minimum asphalt residue percent of 15%. 1020 -6 PERFORMANCE GRADED ASPHALT BINDER AND ASPHALT EMULSION QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE The Performance Graded Asphalt Binder and Asphalt Emulsion QC/QA Programs are designed to give asphalt binder and asphalt emulsion producers/suppliers (henceforth Producer
10-47 designates producer /supplier ) more responsibility for controlling the quality of material they
produce and to use the quality control information they provide in the acceptance process by the Department. It requires asphalt binder and asphalt emulsion producers to perform quality control sampling, testing and record keeping on materials they ship for use by the Department. It documents that the Department wi ll perform quality assurance sampling, testing and record keeping confirming the performance of the producers ’ control plan. In addition, the producer is required to participate in i ndependent assurance comparative sample activities. The program is descr ibed in the Performance Graded Asphalt Binder and Asphalt E mulsion QC/QA Program Manuals . An electronic copy of the program manuals may be obtained by accessing the Materials and Tests website. The types of samples and the lot sizes required by the Produc ers and the Department are described in detail in the Performance Graded Asphalt Binder and Asphalt Emulsion QC/QA Program Manuals . Acceptance or rejection of material will be based on the total program. Therefore, a comparison of the quality control, qua lity assurance and other sample data may be used by the Department for acceptance or rejection of a lot of material. Participation in this program does not relieve the producer of the responsibility of complying with all requirements of the s pecifications . 1020 -7 WATERPROOFING AND DAMPPROOFING MATERIALS
A.Asphalt Primer Asphalt primer shall meet ASTM D41.
B.Asphalt Binder Asphalt Binder shall meet Article 1020 -2, Grade PG 64- 22.
C.Tar Tar shall meet ASTM D490.
D.Woven Cotton Fabric Bitumen -saturated w oven cotton fabric for waterproofing shall meet ASTM D173. 1020 -8 ANTI -STRIP ADDITIVES Anti- strip additives may either be hydrat ed lime or a chemical additive or a combination of both and must be current with the applicable A ASHTO Product Evaluation & Audit Solutions workplan. Use an anti -strip additive capable of preventing the separation of the asphalt binder from the aggregate and achieving the required tensile strength ratio (TSR) on the asphalt mix when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 283 as modified by the Department. Use hydrated lime conforming to AASHTO M 303. Add hydrated lime used of anti -strip purposes at a rate of not less than 1.0% by weight of the total dry aggregate. Add chemical anti -strip additives to the asphalt binder before introduction into the mix. Do not use any chemical additive or particular concentration of chemical additive found to be harmful to the asphalt material or which causes the performance grading of the original asphalt binder to be out of specifications for the grade required. 1020 -9 SILICONE Silicone additives shall be pre -approved by the Materials and Tests Unit. 1020 -10 FIBER STABILIZING ADDITIVES Use fiber stabilizing additives that are capable of stabilizing the asphalt film surrounding the aggregate particles to reduce drain -down of the asphalt binder. A fiber stabilizer such as mineral fiber or cellulose may be used. The selected fiber shall m eet the properties described
10-48 below. Dosage rates given are typical ranges but the actual dosage rate used will be approved
by the Engineer.
A.Mineral Fibers Mineral fibers shall be made from virgin basalt, diabase or slag treated with a cationic sizing agen t to enhance disbursement of the fiber as well as increase adhesion of the fiber surface to the asphalt binder. Mineral fibers shall be in accordance with Table 10 20-2. Add the fiber at a dosage rate between 0.2% and 0.4% by weight of total mix, as approved by the Engineer . TABLE 1020 -2 MINERAL FIBER PROPERTIES Property Requirement Test Method Average Fiber length 0.25" maximum - Average Fiber thickness 0.0002" maximum - Shot Content Passing No. 60 sieve 90 - 100% ASTM C612 Shot Content Passing No. 230 sieve 65 - 100% ASTM C612 Degradation 30% maximum GDT -124/McNett Fractionation
B.Cellulose Fibers Add cellulose fibers at a dosage rate between 0.2% and 0.4% by weight of total mix as approved by the Engineer . Fiber properties shall be in accordance with the following table. TABLE 1020 -3 CELLULOSE FIBER PROPERTIES Property Requirement Average Fiber Length 0.25" maximum Alpine Sieve Method Passing No. 100 Sieve 60 - 80% Ro-Tap Sieve Method Passing No. 20 Sieve 80 - 95% Ro-Tap Sieve Method Passing No. 40 Sieve 45 - 85% Ro-Tap Sieve Method Passing No. 100 Sieve 5 - 40% Ash Content 18% ± 5% non -volatiles pH 7.5 ± Oil Absorption 5.0 ± 1 (times fiber weight) Moisture Content 5.0 maximum
C.Cellulose Pellets Cellulose pellets consist of a 50/50 blend of cellulose fiber and asphalt binder. Use cellulose that complies with Subarticle 1020- 10(B) and the following table . Add the cellulose pellets at a dosage rate between 0. 4% and 0.8% by weight of total mix, as approved by the Engineer . TABLE 1020 -4 CELLULOSE PELLET PROPERTIES Property Requirement Pellet Size 1/4 cu.in. maximum Asphalt 25 - 80 pen.
Source: North Carolina Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures, 2024 Edition. Pages 460–464 of 857.