SECTION 606 – SIDEWALKS, DRIVEWAYS, AND ISLANDS
606.01 Description
This Section describes the requirements for constructing HMA sidewalks, driveways, and islands, and concrete sidewalks, driveways, and islands.
606.02 Materials
606.02.01 Materials
Provide materials as specified: Dense-Graded Aggregate ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 901.10 Hot Mix Asphalt (9.5M64) ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 902.02 Concrete ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 903.03 Curing Materials ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 903.10 Reinforcement Steel ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 905.01 Welded Wire Reinforcement ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 905.01.03 Preformed Joint Filler ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 914.01 Hot-Poured Joint Sealer, Type 2 ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 914.02 Sleeves ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 919.10 Detectable Warning Surface ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 919.14 For driveways, the Contractor may use Class E concrete, as specified in 903.04, in order to open the driveway to traffic in 3 days.
606.02.02 Equipment
Provide equipment as specified: HMA Compactor ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 1003.05 Vibratory Drum Compactor ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 1003.06 Bituminous Material Distributor ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 1003.07 Sealer Application System ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 1003.08 Vibrator ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 1005.04 Straightedge ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 1008.02 Pavement Saw ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 1008.04 Hot-Air Lance ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 1008.06 HMA Plant................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 1009.01 HMA Trucks ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 1009.02 Concrete Batching Plant ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 1010.01 Concrete Trucks ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 1010.02
606.03 Construction
606.03.01 HMA Sidewalks, Driveways, and Islands
Excavate as specified in 202.03.03. Obtain RE approval before finishing excavation. If the RE determines that the bottom of the excavation is unstable, undercut, backfill, and compact as directed by the RE. Place sleeves for signs and delineator posts at locations shown on the Plans. Ensure that sleeves are flush with the finished surface. Fill the sleeves with sand. Immediately before HMA placement, seal the top 1/2 inch with hot-poured joint sealer. Reseal the sleeves when sign or delineator posts are installed. For sidewalks and islands, construct the base course using DGA as specified in 302.03.01. Construct the HMA course as specified in 401.03.03. Compact using at least 1/2 ton rollers. For driveways, if directed by the RE, construct a base course using DGA as specified in 302.03.01 to the thickness directed by the RE. Construct the HMA course as specified in 401.03.03. Compact using at least 1/2 ton rollers.
606.03.02 Concrete Sidewalks, Driveways, and Islands
A.Underlayer Preparation. Excavate as specified in 202.03.03. Obtain RE approval before finishing excavation. If the RE determines that the bottom of the excavation is unstable, undercut, backfill, and compact as directed by the RE.
B.Forms. Each time before using, ensure that the forms are tho roughly cleaned and treated with a material that will prevent adherence of the concrete to the forms without discoloring the concrete.
C.Sleeves. When signs or delineators are shown, place sleeves at locations shown on the Plans. Ensure that sleeves are flush with the finished surface. Fill the sleeves with sand. Seal the top 1/2 inch with hot -poured joint sealer immediately after curing concrete. Reseal the sleeves when sign or delineator posts are installed.
D.Welded Wire Mesh. When reinforcement is shown for sidewalks and driveways, ensure that the welded wire mesh is free of dirt, detrimental scale, paint, oil, or other foreign substances before placing. Ensure that the welded wire mesh is halfway between the top and bottom surfaces of the concrete.
E.Expansion Joints. Construct 1/2 inch wide expansion joints, placed at intervals of approximately 20 feet, with preformed joint filler. If the sidewalk, driveway, or island is constructed on a concrete surface, install expansion joints directly over the expansion joints in the underlying concrete surface. Construct expansion joints around all appurtenances, such as manholes and utility poles, and between new concrete and any fixed structure, such as a curb, walls, buildings, or bridges. Ensure that the expansion joint material extends for the full depth. Clean the top and ends of expansion joint material of all excess concrete, and trim the expansion joint material slightly below the surface of the concrete.
F.Placing Concrete. Obtain RE approva l of forms and joint placement before placing concrete. Place concrete according to the limitations specified in 504.03.02.C. To place concrete between November 1 and March 15, submit, to RE for approval, a plan detailing the method of protecting the concrete from salt for at least 30 days after placing. Do not begin placing concrete until this plan is approved. Place concrete across the formed area to minimize rehandling. Ensure that concre te is not discharged into windrows or piles. Continuously place concrete between transverse joints without the use of intermediate bulkheads. To prevent bowing or misalignment of the transverse joints, place concrete simultaneously on both sides of transverse joints without disturbing the joints. Consolidate the concrete by hand spading or using internal mechanical vibrators. If a slab is not completed from transverse joint to transverse joint, remove the incomplete slab and replace. Terminate each day ’s placement at a transverse joint. If concrete becomes segregated during placement, cease operations and correct handling operations. Protect concrete as specified in 504.03.02.I.
G.Finishing Concrete. Strike off the concrete using a transverse template resting upon the side forms to the required cross section. Finish the concrete using floats and straightedges to obtain a smooth surface. When the surface of the concrete is free fr om water and just before the concrete attains its initial set, texture with a broom. Round edges using an edging tool with a 1/4 inch radius. Divide the surface into blocks using a grooving tool. Ensure that groove lines coincide with expansion joints. Ensure that the grooves are cut to a depth of at least 1/2 inch. Finish the edges of the grooves using an edging tool with a 1/4 inch radius.
H.Protection and Curing. Cure concrete using curing compound as specified in 504.03.02.F. Remove forms as specified in 504.03.02.G. Ensure pedestrians do not use concrete sidewalks, islands, and driveways until 24 hours after finishing. Ensure vehicles and other loads are not placed on sidewalks, islands, and driveways until the concrete has attained compressive strength of 3 ,000 pounds per square inch, as determined from 2 concrete cylinders field cured according to AASHTO T 23.
I.Backfilling. After removing the side forms, backfill the spaces along the edges of sidewalks and driveways with suitable material. Place this material in 5 inch lifts, and compact the layers until firm.
606.03.03 Detectable Warning Surfaces
Clean and dry the designated area where the detectable warning surface will be installed. Install detectable warning surfaces according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. If the detectable warning surface is not integrally colored, app ly the detectable warning surface coating according to the manufacturer’s recommendation. Evenly broadcast 60 grit over the final wet coat at a rate of 0.07 pounds per square yard for skid resistance.
606.04 Measurement and Payment
The Department will measure and make payment for Items as follows: Item Pay Unit HOT MIX ASPHALT SIDEWALK, ___" THICK SQUARE YARD CONCRETE SIDEWALK, ___" THICK SQUARE YARD CONCRETE SIDEWALK, REINFORCED, ___" THICK SQUARE YARD HOT MIX ASPHALT DRIVEWAY, ___" THICK SQUARE YARD HOT MIX ASPHALT DRIVEWAY, VARIABLE THICKNESS SQUARE YARD CONCRETE DRIVEWAY, ___" THICK SQUARE YARD CONCRETE DRIVEWAY, REINFORCED, ___" THICK SQUARE YARD HOT MIX ASPHALT ISLAND, ___" THICK SQUARE YARD CONCRETE ISLAND, ___" THICK SQUARE YARD DETECTABLE WARNING SURFACE SQUARE YARD When the RE directs undercutting of unstable material in the excavation area, the Department will make payment, as specified in 104.03.03, for the additional excavation. The Department will also make payment, as specified in 104.03.03, for the additional bedding if there is not an excess of excavation available.
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Source: Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2019 (rev. 2022-12-21) Edition. Pages 328–330 of 651. View official source ↗